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Cartesian Product: Lesson 1

This document discusses topics for a midterm exam, including Cartesian products and binary operations. It provides an example of finding the Cartesian product of two sets, defining it as the set of all ordered pairs where the first element is in one set and the second is in the other set. The document also discusses properties of Cartesian products, such as the domain being the first set, the range being the second set, and the number of ordered pairs being the cardinality.

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Bab Sita
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© © All Rights Reserved
136 views

Cartesian Product: Lesson 1

This document discusses topics for a midterm exam, including Cartesian products and binary operations. It provides an example of finding the Cartesian product of two sets, defining it as the set of all ordered pairs where the first element is in one set and the second is in the other set. The document also discusses properties of Cartesian products, such as the domain being the first set, the range being the second set, and the number of ordered pairs being the cardinality.

Uploaded by

Bab Sita
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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TOPICS FOR MIDTERM

⮚ Cartesian Product

⮚ Binary Operations

⮚ Properties of Binary Operations

⮚ Solving Binary Operations

LESSON 1:
CARTESIAN PRODUCT
In this lesson, you must be able to:
● Define Cartesian product
● Find the Cartesian product of sets

Activity:
Recall:
NUMBER SYSTEM

Analysis:
CARTESIAN PRODUCT
Given sets A and B, the Cartesian product of A and B, denoted 𝐴×𝐵 and read as “A cross B”,
is the set of all ordered pairs (𝑎, 𝑏), where 𝑎 is in A and 𝑏 is in B.
Symbolically:
𝐴×𝐵 = {(𝑎, 𝑏)|𝑎∈𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏∈𝐵}

Example:
1. Let 𝐴 = {1, 2, 3} 𝐵 = {𝑢, 𝑣}
Find:
a. 𝐴×𝐵
b. Domain
c. Range
d. Cardinal Number
Solution:
a. Note that 𝐴×𝐵 is the set of all ordered pairs such that the abscissa (first element) is in A
and the ordinate (second element) is in B.

So,
𝐴×𝐵 = {(1, 𝑢), (1, 𝑣), (2, 𝑢)(2, 𝑣), (3, 𝑢), (3, 𝑣)}

b. Domain (the set of all values of 𝑥): {1, 2, 3}


c. Range (the set of all values of y): {𝑢, 𝑣}
d. Cardinal Number (the number of elements): 6, since we only have 6 ordered pairs – the
ordered pairs are taken as one.

2. Using the same values, find 𝐵×𝐴, the domain, range and cardinal number.
This time, the values in B becomes the abscissa and the values in A are the ordinates.
𝐵×𝐴 = {(𝑢, 1), (𝑢, 2), (𝑢, 3), (𝑣, 1), (𝑣, 2), (𝑣, 3)}

Domain: {𝑢, 𝑣}
Range: {1, 2, 3}
Cardinality: 6
3. If 𝐶 = {*, @, #} and 𝐷 = {+, −}, determine if the following are elements of 𝐴×𝐵.
a. (*, +)
b. (#, −)
c. (÷, −)
d. (+, @)
Answers:
a. Yes, because * ∈𝐶 and + ∈𝐷.
b. Yes, because #∈𝐶 and − ∈𝐷.
c. No, because ÷∉𝐶 although − ∈𝐷.
d. No, because + ∉𝐶 and @∉𝐷.
Abstraction:
Notice that:
✔ It has one-to-one correspondence.

✔ The domain is the set of all A: {1, 2, 3}

✔ The range is the set of all B: {𝑢, 𝑣}

Since it the Cartesian product of 𝐴×𝐵 has one-to-one correspondence, therefore it is a function
whose domain is the set of all A and the range is the set of all B.
Application: Activity 1
Let 𝑌 = {𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐} and 𝑍 = {1, 2}
Find:
a. 𝑌×𝑍
b. Range
c. Domain
d. Cardinality
e. Is (2, 𝑐)∈𝐴×𝐵?

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