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Automatic Garment Spreading Machine

The document is a project report on the development of an automatic garment spreading machine. It describes the traditional manual process of spreading fabric and outlines the benefits of automating this process, such as reduced labor requirements and improved production capacity. It then provides details on the types and key components of automatic spreading machines, including the fabric setting bar, cutter device, edge control sensor, and operation panel. The report explains how to operate the machine and set up the fabric. It concludes with the applications of automatic spreading machines in garment production.

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Sadia Wasima
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
530 views

Automatic Garment Spreading Machine

The document is a project report on the development of an automatic garment spreading machine. It describes the traditional manual process of spreading fabric and outlines the benefits of automating this process, such as reduced labor requirements and improved production capacity. It then provides details on the types and key components of automatic spreading machines, including the fabric setting bar, cutter device, edge control sensor, and operation panel. The report explains how to operate the machine and set up the fabric. It concludes with the applications of automatic spreading machines in garment production.

Uploaded by

Sadia Wasima
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Automatic Garment Spreading Machine

Department of Textile Engineering


PROJECT REPORT

Project on Automatic Garment Spreading Machine

Course Name: Apparel Manufacturing-I Lab


Course Code: TEX-302
Date Of Submission: .01.2022

SUBMITTED BY:
Abu Sufian Shabak (193003004)
Masum Billah (193003020)
Sadia Wasima Lily (193003022)
Muhammad Tufeal Ahammed (193003042)

SUBMITTED TO:
Jannat Jahan Joya
Lecturer
Department of Textile Engineering
Green University of Bangladesh
Introduction:
Spreading is the process of unwinding large rolls of fabric into
long, wide tables in preparation for cutting each piece of a garment. Fabrics that
are more difficult to handle are generally cut in thinner stacks. Spreading and
cutting is smooth laying out of fabric in superimposed layers or piles of specified
length. Fabric spreading is a process of laying fabrics on the cutting table prior to
the cutting process is taken place.
In mass garment production, several fabric plies are cut at a time. The quality of
cut components, fabric consumption, and fabric wastage in the cutting process
depends on how well spreading is done. If there are waves on the fabric layer, you
will get defective cut component.
There are number of parameters a factory needs to follow in the fabric spreading
process – like, fabric facing, edge control, fabric tension, lay height, end loss, and
splicing etc.
Traditionally spreading is done manually where a number of helpers and spreaders
are needed to draw the fabric, to lay the fabric and control the fabric edge on one
side. Manual spreading is a slow process. The automatic spreading machine is
available for the spreading process which yields better fabric utilization.
The spreading machine is stationed at one end of the cutting table. Fabric roll or
folded fabric stack is loaded on the spreading machine. Two persons are required
when spreading is done using an auto spreader. The automatic spreading machine
is operated by one operator and another person is required on another side of the
spreading table. The second person checks the fabric edge, remove unnecessary
creases on the fabric layer and collect end bits.
The fabric spreader reaches to the end of the marker and starts laying the fabric on
the table. When the spreader reaches to other end of the marker, auto end cutter
split the fabric from roll. By using auto spreading machine Face-up and Face-to-
Face spreading is possible.

There are number of benefits of installing the automatic spreader

➢ To automate cutting room operations.


➢ To reduce manpower requirement in fabric spreading (cutting
section).
➢ To improve production capacity in the cutting section.
➢ To speed up the fabric layering process.
➢ To improve fabric utilization to have detailed statistical of fabric
..spreading time, fabric utilization etc.

Types of spreading machine:


There are two types of spreading machine
➢ Flat fabric spreader machine
➢ Stepped fabric spreader machine
Parts of Automatic Spreading Machine:
➢ Fabric setting bar
➢ Bucket for roll fabric
➢ Manual Handle for fabric feeding
➢ Edge control sensor
➢ Expander roller
➢ Wind protection curtain
➢ Cutter rail
➢ Cutter device
➢ Fabric sliding plate
➢ Operation panel or cutter
Cutter device:
Dismountable fabric spreading auto-cutter is available here and travel
length and speed of cutter can be easily adjustable.
Automatic Lifting device:
This device automatically lifts the layer of fabric at the time
of spreading and the lifting gauze is changeable.
Edge control sensor:
This device controls the edge of fabric.
Emergency stop:
It has break line under the two side of table these break lines are
can be pulled at the time of emergency to stop the machine immediately.
Bucket for roll fabric:
This device automatically relaxes the fabric in tension and release
the tension of fabric.
Fabric loading sensor:
This device returns the spreader machine back to original
position when fabric runs empty.
Expander roller:
It catches the fabric both one way and face to face during spreading.
Operation panel:
This display enables the user to set up the length of fabric and control
the number of layer of fabric easily.

Advantage of garment Spreading Machine:


➢ Auto ply cutting device for spreading of fabric
➢ Auto ply counting arrangements
➢ Auto catcher to gold the ends of the ply.
➢ Auto fabric tensioning device is used for spreading of fabric
➢ Fabric selvedge alignment is done by photo electric guide.
➢ Fabric fault detector is used in spreading of fabric
➢ Machine gives automatically a signal when spreading of fabric is
done.
➢ All kind of fabric can be spreaded and all kind of fabric lay can be
prepared in this machine.
➢ Fabric spreading can be done very quickly.
➢ Less labor cost by spreading of fabric.
Garment Spreading Table Feature:
➢ To easily pull spread fabrics by blowing device, pulling and cutting fabrics
at the same time, largely raising work efficiency.

➢ Thickness of spreading table is 28cm with several boards. Surface is stuck


imported strong material.
➢ Two sides of spreading table are installed stainless steel. Linking between
two boards is flat.
➢ Holes on the spreading table are especial holes, which are not the same
others and can’t jam holes when gas beads are left.
➢ Stand is made of cold rolling 4cm*8cm No. C tube and welded through after
pickling with powder painting coating. There is screw under the stand,
which may adjust height freely to support flat spreading table and well
spreading fabrics.
➢ To adopt module design, it is convenient installing, transportation. Length of
section is 1.20m. It is wide to use with all kinds of brands spreaders and
automatic cutting bed.
➢ Width of spreading table is depended on specification of spreader. Widths
are usually 1.83m, 2.13m, 2.33m and so forth. Height of stand is 80-90cm.

How to Operate Automatic Fabric Spreading Machine:


➢ On power switch
➢ Off edge control switch
➢ Off clutch switch
➢ Set spreading mode
➢ Set roll condition
➢ Set spreading length and pcs of layers
How to Set the Fabric:
➢ Set edge control device in center
➢ Set fabric roll in the bucket at center position
➢ Pull the fabric by feeding switch
➢ Use manual handle to feed down for the fabric
➢ Until pass through the cutting device, feed the fabric by manual
handle
➢ Set the edge control sensor position
➢ On edge control device
➢ On clutch switch
➢ Start cutter device to cut vertical line
➢ Push left drive switch to start the machine

Before Use Fabric Spreader:


➢ Select spreading length
➢ Install start position attachment at table stand
➢ Operate manual grip to drive the machine to start position
➢ Set block at the center position
➢ Push manual grip to left drive
➢ Stop the machine where you want to finish spreading and push
manual measurement key it will be turn on, an measurement will be
installed.
Application Of Fabric Spreading Machine:
The bulk cutting of the garments, makes it
possible to cut garments in bulk and by doing so achieves the savings in fabric that
is available through the use of multi-garment marker plans and the savings in the
cutting time per garment that result from cutting many plies at the same time.

➢ The requirements of the spreading process


➢ The method of spreading
➢ The nature of fabric packages
The spreading requirements which includes the objectives achieved by the
spreading process are

➢ Shade sorting of cloth pieces


➢ Correct ply direction and adequate lay stability
➢ Alignment of plies
➢ Correct ply tension
➢ Elimination of fabric fault
➢ Avoidance of fusion of plies during cutting (for polyester)

The fabric is drawn from the package, which is the roll in this case. This roll is
supported on a frame, and the end is carried along the table where another operator
who clamps the end on the clamp secures the end. The other operators align the
edges and check the tension of the ply. The operator releasing the end, in the
meanwhile cuts the end of the fabric from the roll, and is ready for another
lay. The operator taking the fabric to the other end comes back empty ended, and
he too is ready for another lay. The end of the fabric is cut using a round knife in
case of solid or stripe fabric. But in case of the check fabric, a cut is made, using a
hand cutter and the width of the fabric is torn manually, so that there is no bowing
or skewing occurring due to shifting of grain during cutting.

The spreading is done manually and there is no fabric spreading machine for the
purpose. The spreading mode is also generally nap-one-way face-one-way. The
cheap labor provides the major reason for the existing mode of spreading and also
the use of fabric spreading machine can be avoided for the same reason.

The spreading of a lay requires 3-8 people for laying, depending on the marker
mode and the size of the lay. These people do various spreading related work like,
holding and taking the fabric from the roll, taking the end of the fabric roll to the
other end, aligning the fabric with the lower plies, and catching the other end of the
spread. Even in a scenario of a small spread, at least 3 people are required,
specifically, 1 for releasing and cutting the fabric, 1 for taking the end of the fabric
to the other end and 1 for catching this end of the fabric.

The wooden tables are used for spreading and they are coated with a ply, in order
to avoid shifting. The tables are 856” long, 67” wide and have a height of 33”. The
lighting condition is sufficient throughout the room, since there are as many as 22
lights over one table and 8 fans over the same area.

Conclusion:
Spreading of fabric is also can be done in manual method. The person
carrying the end of the fabric goes with the fabric to the other end but comes back
empty handed, so he is being paid for only the double as compared to the actual
work he is doing. For bigger length of spreads, there are as many as 4 people
employed just to align the fabric and check the tension throughout. Therefore, this
spreading process is not very productive and should be taken into consideration
and a change should be brought in the spreading technique as soon as possible. In
manual method fabric can be spreaded by hand, by hook and spreading truck with
the help of operator.

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