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Module 1 - The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles

This document provides an overview of the learner-centered psychological principles, which focus on internal psychological factors under the learner's control rather than external habits or physiology. The principles are divided into cognitive/metacognitive, motivational/affective, developmental/social, and individual difference factors. Specifically, it discusses 14 principles pertaining to the nature of learning, construction of knowledge, strategic thinking, intrinsic motivation, developmental influences, social influences, individual differences, and standards/assessment. The document also summarizes the principles into areas related to knowledge base, strategic processing/control, motivation/affect, development/individual differences, and context of learning.

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Markhill Veran Tiosan
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© © All Rights Reserved
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976 views

Module 1 - The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles

This document provides an overview of the learner-centered psychological principles, which focus on internal psychological factors under the learner's control rather than external habits or physiology. The principles are divided into cognitive/metacognitive, motivational/affective, developmental/social, and individual difference factors. Specifically, it discusses 14 principles pertaining to the nature of learning, construction of knowledge, strategic thinking, intrinsic motivation, developmental influences, social influences, individual differences, and standards/assessment. The document also summarizes the principles into areas related to knowledge base, strategic processing/control, motivation/affect, development/individual differences, and context of learning.

Uploaded by

Markhill Veran Tiosan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PED01 - The Child

and Adolescent
Learners and
Learning Principles
1ST Semester, A.Y. 2021-2022

Module 1
(Week 2)

Prepared by:

Markhill Veran Tiosan, LPT


Instructor

Name of Student: _____________________________________


Course/Section: ______________________________________
Date Accomplished: ___________________________________
Learner-Centered Psychological Principles

1|Page Markhill Veran Tiosan, LPT


Overview

This module is about the learner-centered psychological principles.


Educational practice will be most likely to improve when the educational system is
redesigned with the primary focus on the learner. LCP provides a framework that can
contribute to current educational reform and school redesign efforts. The 14
psychological principles pertain to the learner and the learning process

Objectives

 Advocate the use of the principles in the teaching-learning principles.

Discussion

READ
Learner-centered psychological principles focus on psychological factors that
are primarily internal to and under the control of the learner rather than conditioned
habits or physiological factors • LC principles also attempt to acknowledge external
environment or contextual factors that interact with these internal factors

The 14 principles are divided into those referring to:


– Cognitive and metacognitive
– Motivational and affective
– Developmental and social
– Individual difference factors

COGNITIVE AND METACOGNITIVE FACTORS


1. Nature of Learning Process
The learning of complex subject matter is most effective when it is an
intentional process of constructing meaning from information and experience.
2. Goals of the Learning Process
The successful learner, over time and with support and instructional guidance,
can create meaningful, coherent representations of knowledge.
3. Construction of Knowledge
The successful learner can link new information with existing knowledge in
meaningful ways.
Knowledge widens and deepens as students continue to build links between new
information and experiences and their existing knowledge base.

4. Strategic Thinking

2|Page Markhill Veran Tiosan, LPT


The successful learner can create and use a repertoire of thinking and
reasoning strategies to achieve complex learning goals.
Successful learners use in their approach to learning reasoning, problem solving,
and concept learning.
5. Thinking about thinking
Successful learners can reflect on how they think and learn, set reasonable
learning or performances goals, select potentially appropriate learning strategies or
methods, and monitor their progress towards these goals.
6. Context of Learning
Learning is influenced by environmental factors, including culture, technology
and instructional practices.

MOTIVATIONAL AND AFFECTIVE FACTOR


7. Motivational and emotional influences on learning
The rich internal world of thoughts, beliefs, goals, and expectation for success
or failure can enhance or interfere with the learner’s quality of thinking and
information processing.
8. Intrinsic motivation to learn
Intrinsic motivation is stimulated by tasks of optimal novelty and difficulty,
relevant to personal interests, and providing for personal choice and control.
9. Effects of motivation on effort
Effort is another major indicator of motivation to learn. The acquisition of
complex knowledge and skills demands the investment of considerable learner
energy and strategic effort, along with persistence over time.

DEVELOPMENTAL AND SOCIAL FACTOR


10. Developmental influences on learning
Learning is most effective when differential developmental within and across
physical, intellectual, emotional, and social domains is taken into account.
Individuals learn best when material is appropriate to their developmental level and
is presented in an enjoyable and interesting way.
11. Social influences on learning
Learning can be enhanced when the learner has an opportunity to interact
and to collaborate with others on instructional tasks.

INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES FACTOR


12. Individual differences in learning
Individuals are born with and develop their own capabilities and talents.
Educators need to help students examine their learning preferences and expand or
modify them, if necessary.
13. Learning and diversity
The same basic principles of learning, motivation, and effective instruction
apply to all learners.

14. Standards and assessment

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Assessment provides important information to both the learner and teacher at
all stages of the learning process.

Alexander and Murphy gave a summary of the 14 principles and distilled them into
five areas:
1. The knowledge base
One’s knowledge serves as the foundation of all future learning.
2. Strategic processing and control
Learners can develop skills to reflect and regulate their thoughts and behaviors in
order to learn more effectively.
3. Motivation and affect
Factors such as intrinsic motivation, reasons for wanting to learn, personal goals and
enjoyment of learning tasks all have a crucial role in the learning process.
4. Development and Individual Differences
Learning is a unique journey for each person because each learner has his own
unique combination of genetic and environmental factors that influence him.
5. Situation or context
Learning happens in the context of a society as well as within an individual.

Assessment

ANALYSE
 Make a reflection about the use of the principles in the teaching-learning
principles.
Format:
a. Introduction
b. Body
c. Conclusion

4|Page Markhill Veran Tiosan, LPT


RUBRIC

CRITERIA

CREATIVITY Ideas were Ideas were Ideas were dull


written written fairly and incoherent
creatively creative (5) (3)
(10pts)

CLARITY OF Ideas were Ideas were Ideas were not


CONTENT expressed expressed in a clearly
clearly (10pts) clear manner understand (3)
(5)

ORGANIZATION Ideas were Ideas were Ideas includes


organized and expressed but unrelated
easy to could have sentences. (3)
understand (10 been organized
pts) better (5)

References

5|Page Markhill Veran Tiosan, LPT


https://cmcacalda19.wordpress.com/2017/10/23/14-learner-centered-principle/

6|Page Markhill Veran Tiosan, LPT

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