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AE 301 - Aerodynamics I - Spring 2015 Problem Set 2: Assigned: Friday, January 23, 2015 Due: Friday, January 30, 2015

This document outlines 4 problems for an aerodynamics homework assignment. Problem 1 involves calculating and plotting atmospheric properties like pressure, density, temperature and viscosity up to 36,000 feet using the International Standard Atmosphere model. Problem 2 involves plotting laminar and turbulent boundary layer velocity profiles on a wall and calculating the shear stress. Problem 3 involves calculating skin friction drag on rectangular wings with both fully laminar and transitioning laminar-turbulent flow. Problem 4 involves calculating the terminal velocity of a skydiver falling from 2000 meters using drag coefficient properties for a circular cylinder cross-section.

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50 views2 pages

AE 301 - Aerodynamics I - Spring 2015 Problem Set 2: Assigned: Friday, January 23, 2015 Due: Friday, January 30, 2015

This document outlines 4 problems for an aerodynamics homework assignment. Problem 1 involves calculating and plotting atmospheric properties like pressure, density, temperature and viscosity up to 36,000 feet using the International Standard Atmosphere model. Problem 2 involves plotting laminar and turbulent boundary layer velocity profiles on a wall and calculating the shear stress. Problem 3 involves calculating skin friction drag on rectangular wings with both fully laminar and transitioning laminar-turbulent flow. Problem 4 involves calculating the terminal velocity of a skydiver falling from 2000 meters using drag coefficient properties for a circular cylinder cross-section.

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AE 301 – Aerodynamics I – Spring 2015

Problem Set 2
Assigned: Friday, January 23, 2015
Due: Friday, January 30, 2015
1. (5 pts) Write a short MATLAB code (or use another language if you prefer) to cal-
culate and plot the pressure, density, temperature and viscosity (in both SI and En-
glish/American units) in the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) up to the limit
of the troposphere (an altitude of 36,000 ft or 11,000 m). Use a separate set of plots
for each set of units. Make sure that the axes, labels, and legends on your plots are
used carefully. Note: 1. Use Sutherland’s Law to calculate the coefficient of dynamic
viscosity. 2. Use MATLAB or export the data to EXCEL to plot your results.

2. (5 pts) Consider two boundary layer profiles at a wall, one laminar and one turbulent.
The laminar profile is given by u/U = 2(y/δ) − (y/δ)2 and the turbulent profile by
u/U = (y/δ)1/7 where U is the edge velocity (external velocity) and δ is the boundary
layer thickness. (a) Plot each of the boundary layer velocity profiles and comment on
your results. (b) Calculate the shear stress on the wall in each case where δ for the
turbulent boundary layer is twice that of the laminar boundary layer and explain why
they differ. Note: For this assumed turbulent boundary layer profile it is sufficient to
calculate the wall stress from the value of stress a short distance from the wall, y =
0.001.

3. (10 pts) Assume the wings for an airplane design that you are analyzing can be ap-
proximated as rectangular flat plates. The wing has a chord length, c, of 3 m and a
span of 15 m (wing tip to wing tip). The cruising altitude of the airplane is 10,000 ft
and the cruise Mach number is 0.2.

(a) Assume the flow on the wings is completely laminar. The local skin friction coef-
ficient for the laminar, incompressible flow over a flat plate is cf (x) = 0.664/Re1/2
x
where Rex is the Reynolds number based on distance from the leading edge, x.
Notice the skin friction will vary over the surface of the plate. Calculate the drag
on the wing by assuming zero angle of attack. Remember that the wing has an
upper surface and a lower surface.
(b) It is more realistic that the flow will be laminar over the front portion of the
wing and turbulent over the rear portion. The local skin friction coefficient for
a turbulent boundary layer is given by cf (x) = 0.0592/Re1/5 x . Assume that the
transition from laminar to turbulent flow occurs at 25% of chord (x/c = 0.25), so
that the flow is laminar before this point and turbulent after this point. Plot the
local skin friction coefficient for this case and compute the drag on the wing.
4. (10 pts) A skydiver bails out of an airplane at 2,000 m above mean sea level but
cannot make his parachute work at first. The skydiver weighs 80 kg and is 1.7 m
tall. Determine the approximate velocity at which the skydiver will fall toward the
earth. Base your calculations on the assumption that the skydiver lies flat with his
arms by his side creating a circular cross-section of 0.26 m diameter. To answer this
question you should examine carefully the plot of drag coefficient for a 2-d cylinder,
and recognize that an iterative approach to solving this problem will be required. Make
any reasonable additional assumptions you need but state these assumptions clearly.
Base all of your calculations on properties of air at 2,000 m in the ISA.

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