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Generations of Programming Languages

The document discusses the generations of programming languages from first to fifth generation. First generation languages were machine level languages used directly by CPUs. Second generation included assembly languages for performance applications. Third generation languages were more portable and programmer-friendly with features like data types and code sections. Fourth generation languages further reduced development time and cost for tasks like databases and GUIs. Fifth generation languages are designed to solve problems without programmers through constraint-based logic for artificial intelligence research.

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Shubham waghule
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192 views

Generations of Programming Languages

The document discusses the generations of programming languages from first to fifth generation. First generation languages were machine level languages used directly by CPUs. Second generation included assembly languages for performance applications. Third generation languages were more portable and programmer-friendly with features like data types and code sections. Fourth generation languages further reduced development time and cost for tasks like databases and GUIs. Fifth generation languages are designed to solve problems without programmers through constraint-based logic for artificial intelligence research.

Uploaded by

Shubham waghule
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Generations of programming languages

First Generation

A first-generation programming language is a group of programming


languages that are machine level languages used to program first-
generation computers.

The instructions were given through the front panel switches of these
computers, directly to the CPU.
The main advantage of programming in 1st generation language is that the
code can run very fast and very efficiently because the instructions are
executed directly by the CPU.
And the main disadvantage of programming in a low-level language is that
when an error occurs, it was very difficult to fix the error.

Second Generation
A second generation programming language is a group of programming
languages associated with assembly languages.
2nd generation is mostly used for performance-oriented applications such as
computer games, graphic manipulation applications and video editing
applications.

Third Generation

3rd generation are much more portable and programmer-friendly languages.

These languages are favoured by providing features like different data


types, variable names, the ability to divide code into different sections etc.

C, C++, Java, Python, PHP, C# are some examples of third-generation


programming languages.
Fourth Generation

A fourth-generation programming language is a group of programming


languages that reduces the overall time, effort and cost of software
development.

The main domains of these languages are database queries, data


manipulation, GUI development or Web development.

Perl, Python, Ruby, SQL are some examples of fourth-generation


languages.

Fifth Generation

 Fifth-generation languages are designed to make the computer solve a


given problem without the programmer.

These are constraint-based logic programming languages.

These languages are mainly used in artificial intelligence research. OPS5


and Mercury are examples of fifth-generation programming languages.

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