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PPE - PROBLEM SET # 5

INSTRUCTION: Encircle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer of your choice.
MULTIPLE CHOICE:

1. A diesel electric plant supplies energy for Meralco. During 24 hrs period, the plant consumed 220 gallons of fuel
at 28oC and product 4,000 kw-hr. Industrial fuel used is 28oAPI and was purchased at P15.50 per liter at 15.6oC.
What should be the cost of fuel to be produced per kw-hr?
A. P1.05 B. P2.10 C. P3.20 D. P1.00

2. A 750 bhp diesel engine uses fuel oil of 30oAPI gravity, fuel consumption is 0.75 lb/bhp-hr. Cost of fuel is P17.95
per liter. For continuous operation, determine the minimum volume of cubical day tank in m3, ambient temp is
45oC.
A. 4.98 B. 6.25 C. 7.135 D. 9.04

3. A diesel power plant uses fuel that has a density of 892.74 kg/m3 at 15.66oC. Find the heating value.
A. 44,690 KJ/kg B. 19,301 Btu/lb C. 43,000 KJ/kg D. 4356.2 KJ/kg

4. A diesel power plant uses fuel with heating value of 45,038.8 KJ/kg. What is the density of fuel at 30oC?
A. 0.9 kg/li B. 0.877 kg/li C. 0.850 kg/li D. 0.878 kg/li

5. A diesel engine consumed 940 li of fuel per day at 30oC. If the fuel was purchased at 15oC and 30 oAPI at P4.00/li,
determine the cost of fuel to operate the engine per day.
A. P5,677.50 B. P4677.50 C. P3721.98 D. P5,000.00

6. A cylindrical tank 3 m long and 2 m diameter is used for oil storage. How many days can the tank supply the
engine having 27oAPI with fuel consumption of 65 kg/hr?
A. 5.84 B. 5.39 C. 7.83 D. 7.39

7. The specific gravity of fuel oil having a heating value of 44,899.2 KJ/kg is:
A. 0.90 B. 0.80 C. 0.877 D. 0.893

8. Steam flows into a turbine at a rate of 10 kg/s, and 10 kilowatts of heat are lost from the turbine. Ignoring
elevation and kinetic energy effects, calculate the power output of the turbine. Inlet conditions are 2.0 Mpa and
350oC (h = 3137 KJ/kg) and 0.10 Mpa & 100% quality (h = 2675.5 KJ/kg).
A. 4000 KW B. 4375 KW C. 4605 KW D. 4973 KW

9. A fuel is represented with C5 H8 is burned with 40% excess air. If mass of fuel is 0.17 kg, find the mass of air
needed.
A. 3.38 kg B. 1.638 kg C. 2.34 kg D. 5.34 kg

10. The analysis of a product of combustion on dry basis, when C6 H18 was burned with atmospheric air is as follows:
CO2 = 12%, CO = 1.75%, O2 = 3.01%, N2 = 83.24%. Compute the actual air-fuel ratio.
A. 12.34 B. 15.29 C. 17.35 D. 14.73

11. A boiler burns fuel oil with 15% excess air. The fuel may be represented by C14 H30. Calculate the molal air-fuel
ratio.
A. 14 B. 117.69 C. 102.34 D. 17.14

12. Given the following ultimate analysis:

C = 71%, N2 = 4%, H2 = 4%, O2 = 3%, S2 = 5%, Ash = 6%, Moisture = 8%.
Using 20% excess air, determine the actual air-fuel ratio.
A. 11.56 B. 11.21 C. 21.21 D. 9.22

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13. A certain coal has the following ultimate analysis
C = 70%, N2 = 4%, H2 = 2.5%, O2 = 3.5%, S2 = 7%, Ash = 5%, Moisture =?
Determine the heating value of fuel in Btu/lb.
A. 27,299.65 B. 11,735.35 C. 26,961.45 D. 27,320

14. A fuel gas has the following volumetric analysis: CH4 = 68% C2H6 = 32% Assume complete combustion with
15% excess air at 101.325 Kpa, 21oC wet bulb and 27oC dry bulb. What is the partial pressure of water vapor in
Kpa?
A. 9.62 B. 12.81 C. 17.28 D. 15.94

15. There are 23 kg of flue gases formed per kg of fuel oil burned in the combustion of a fuel oil C12 H26. What is the
excess air in percent?
A. 46.67 B. 26.67 C. 36.67 D. 45.66

16. By how much is the change of volume of the products of combustion of benzene (C6H6) with theoretical air?
Both volumes of reactants and products are taken at the same pressure and temperature.
A. 1.3% increase B. 1.3% decrease C. no change D. 9.2% increase

17. Calculate the amount of air in kg necessary for combustion of 1 kg of octane (C8H18) with theoretical air.
A. 12.5 B. 14.8 C. 15.1 D. 13.5

18. Calculate the mass in kg of the combustion products of 12 kg diesel fuel oil (C16H30) with 30% excess air.
A. 185.2 B. 284.6 C. 208.7 D. 235.44

19. Five kg-mol of octane are burned with stoichiometric amount of air. How much water is formed in the products if
the combustion is complete?
A. 15 kg-mol B. 25 kg-mol C. 35 kg-mol D. 45 kg-mol

20. Methyl alcohol (CH3OH) is burned with 30% excess air. How much unburned oxygen in kg-mol-oxygen/kg-mol-
fuel will there be in the products if the combustion is completed?
A. 0.35 B. 0.45 C. 0.55 D. 0.65

21. Dodecane (C12H26) is burned at constant pressure with 150% excess air. What is the air-fuel for this process?
A. 37.5 B. 42.3 C. 48.7 D. 51.3

22. A complete combustion of one kilogram of C16H32 resulted to 20 kilograms of products of combustion. Calculate
the percent excess air.
A. 29.16 B. 40.5 C. 35.4 D. 55.6

23. Calculate the heating value of coal having the following composition by weight using Dulong formula.
Carbon 75%, hydrogen 5%, oxygen 6%, nitrogen 1.5%, sulfur 3%, water 1.5%, ash 8%
A. 150,450 Btu/lb B. 13,658 Btu/lb C. 12,640 Btu/lb D. 14,580 Btu/lb

SITUATIONAL PROBLEM (# 24 to #26)

A central station has annual factors as follows:
Load factor = 58.50% Capacity factor = 40.95% Use factor = 45.20%
The reserve carried over and above the peak load is 8900 kw. Find the following:

24. Installed capacity.

A. 59,600 kw B. 49,600 kw C. 39,600 kw D. 29,667 kw

25. Annual energy production:

A. 106 x 106 kw-hrs B. 206 x 106 kw-hrs
6
C. 306 x 10 kw-hrs D. 406 x 106 kw-hrs
26. Hours per year not in service.
A. 880 hrs. B. 823 hrs. C. 800 hrs. D. 750 hrs.

27. A water tube boiler has a heating surface area of 500 m2. For a developed boiler hp of 933. Determine the percent
rating of the boiler.
A. 169.81% B. 150.17% C. 160.17% D. 180.17%

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28. The factor of evaporation of the boiler is 1.12 and a steam rate of 0.73 kg/s. What is the developed boiler hp?
A. 1.98 hp B. 188.074 hp C. 1.88 hp D. 198.2 hp

29. The percent rating of water tube boiler is 200%, factor of evaporation is 1.1 and heating surface is 300 m2. Find
the rate of evaporation.
A. 8,153.02 kg/hr B. 8513.02 kg/hr C. 9,380.61 kg/hr D. 9830.61 kg/hr

30. The actual specific evaporation of a certain boiler is 8. Factor of evaporation is 1.15. If the heating value is 26,000
KJ/kg. Find the boiler efficiency.
A. 79% B. 78.11% C. 76.39% D. 80.00%

31. The ASME evaporation units of a boiler is 24,827,500 KJ/hr. The boiler auxiliaries consume 2.5 MW. What is the
net boiler efficiency if the heat generated by fuel is 32,000,000 KJ/hr.
A. 49.46% B. 59.40% C. 64.75% D. 60.10%

32. A 150,000 kg of coal supplied to two boilers. One has a capacity of 350 kg/hr and the other boiler has a capacity
of 100 kg/hr. How many days to consume the available fuel?
A. 15 B. 14 C. 51 D. 13

33. A boiler operates at 82.5% efficiency while the mass of steam generated is 995,000lbs in 5 hrs. The enthalpy of
steam is 1400 Btu/lb and feed is 250 Btu/lb while the fuel used for boiler has a heating value of 14,850 Btu/lb. Find
the mass of fuel needed in short tons per day.
A. 10.78 B. 98.34 C. 224.16 D. 313.45

34. A coal-fired power plant has a turbine-generator rated at 1200 MW gross. The plant required about 10% of this
power for its internal operations. It uses 10,000 tons of coal per day. The coal has a heating value of 6,500 Kcal/kg
and the steam generator efficiency is 85%. What is the net station efficiency of the plant in percent?
A. 30% B. 25% C. 33% D. 38%

35. Two boilers are operating steadily on 94,000 kg of coal contained in a bunker. One boiler producing 1600 kg/hr of
steam at 1.2 factor of evaporation and an efficiency of 65% and another boiler produces 1464 kg/hr of steam at
1.15 factor of evaporation and efficiency of 60%. How many hours will the coal in the bunker run the boilers if the
heating value is 7,600 Kcal/kg?
A. 240.4 B. 220.5 C. 230.09 D. 225.3

36. A typical steam generator with an efficiency of 75% is producing 10 kg/sec of steam. The enthalpy of the entering
water is 125.79 KJ/kg and is superheated to an enthalpy of 3034.8 KJ/kg. The fuel used has heating value of 42150
KJ/kg. The A/F ratio by weight is 14. Determine the amount of air needed in kg/hr.
A. 38371 B. 48378 C. 56873 D. 46378

37. A steam generator evaporated 20,000 kg of water per hour from feed water with enthalpy of 461.3 kJ/kg of steam
with enthalpy of 2706.3 kJ/kg. Coal consumption is 2100 kg/hr. Its heating value as fired is 28,300 kJ/kg. Calculate
the Boiler Horsepower.
A. 1271 B. 1352 C. 1586 D. 1873

38. A diesel power plant consumes 650 li of fuel at 26oC in 24 hrs with 28oAPI. Find the fuel rate in kg/hr.
A. 23.83 B. 24.85 C. 22.85 D. 26.85

39. The following data were obtained in a small power generating plant:
Power developed by the steam turbine = 2800 KW
Heat supplied to the steam turbine generator = 3500 KJ/kg
Heat rejected by the steam to the cooling water in the condenser = 2200 KJ/kg
Power required by the feedwater pump to return the condensate to the steam generator = 12 KW
Determine the mass flow rate of steam in kg/sec.
A. 1.685 B. 2.537 C. 3.082 D. 2.145

40. A simple Rankine cycle produces 40 MW of power, 50 MW of process heated and rejects 60MW of heat to the
surroundings. What is the utilization factor of this cogeneration cycle neglecting the pump work?
A. 50% B. 60% C. 70% D. 80%

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ANSWER KEY

1. C 9. A 17. C 25. A 33. C

2. C 10. D 18. D 26. B 34. D
3. B 11. B 19. D 27. A 35. C
4. D 12. A 20. B 28. B 36. D
5. C 13. B 21. A 29. C 37. A
6. B 14. D 22. A 30. D 38. A
7. D 15. A 23. B 31. A 39. D
8. C 16. A 24. D 32. B 40. B

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