SECTION 23 -- DRIVE LINES -- CHAPTER 1

SECTION 23 -- DRIVE LINES

Chapter 1 -- Four-wheel Drive Clutch

CONTENTS

Section Description Page

23 202 Description of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
70 Series FWD Electronic Control Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
70A Series FWD Electronic Control Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Engaging and Disengaging Four Wheel Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
FWD Operating Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Disassembly and Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Disassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Pressure Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

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 SECTION 23 -- DRIVE LINES -- CHAPTER 1

DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION
INTRODUCTION
The four-wheel drive wet clutch, 2, transmits power
from the pinion rear shaft, 1, to the output shaft, 3,
which drives the four-wheel drive axle.

70-230-975

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This clutch is located in the front end of the rear axle Clutch engagement is controlled by an electric
center section. The clutch is spring applied and is solenoid mounted on the rear of the tractor. Oil is
hydraulically disengaged. directed to the clutch via an internal tube in the rear
axle center section.

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 SECTION 23 -- DRIVE LINES -- CHAPTER 1
Oil to disengage the clutch enters the clutch through
connector, 3, through passage, 2, in the shaft to hole,
1.

70-230-2191

3
The oil pressure that disengages the clutch is
directed internally through the cross drilling, 1, to the
piston cavity, 2. The oil pressure forces the piston
against the spring washer to disengage the clutch.
When the pressure is removed, the spring reapplies
the clutch.

70-230-993
4

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 SECTION 23 -- DRIVE LINES -- CHAPTER 1

70 SERIES FWD ELECTRIC CONTROL

OPERATION
Four-wheel drive is controlled by an electrical
solenoid activated by a three-position rocker switch.
The rocker switch also contains an internal lamp
which indicates the operating position of the switch.

NOTE: The park brake lever must be released and

the engine must be running to allow the FWD electric
circuit to disengage the clutch. The FWD clutch is
always engaged whenever the park brake lever is
applied.
70-550-685
5
FWD Auto
From off, press the front of the switch to engage the
automatic control mode of operation.

The chassis control module (CCM) will automatically

disengage the FWD when either brake pedal is
applied as in turning the tractor. When the brake
pedal is released, the controller will automatically
reengage the FWD.

NOTE: The electric solenoid is off and no oil pressure

is directed to the clutch whenever the clutch is
engaged.

FWD On
Press the switch to the third position to engage FWD
on. This engages the operator-controlled mode
which keeps the FWD engaged all the time.

NOTE: Both FWD Auto and FWD On will

automatically disengage at speeds above 24 KPH
(15 MPH) and reengage at lower speeds.

If both brake pedals are depressed at the same time,

the FWD circuit will engage to aid in braking.

A lamp in the electronic instrument cluster (EIC) will

be illuminated to indicate which mode is selected.

When the electric circuit is activated (FWD off), the

electric solenoid is energized and the clutch is
disengaged. This allows the clutch to default to the
applied position should an electric or hydraulic
malfunction occur.

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 SECTION 23 -- DRIVE LINES -- CHAPTER 1

70A SERIES FWD ELECTRIC CONTROL

OPERATION
INTRODUCTION
2
The four wheel drive (FWD) axle comes in either
limited slip differential with Automatic Traction
3
Management or fully locking differential with 4
TerraLock Traction Management. Use FWD Auto-
matic or TerraLock when operating to obtain
maximum efficiency and traction under any field
conditions.
ENGAGING AND DISENGAGING FOUR 1
WHEEL DRIVE
Four wheel drive can be engaged and disengaged in
all gears (forward and reverse) during operation and 10001301
under full load.
6
Switch, 1, has three operating positions: Off,
Automatic or Terralock and Full-time On.
Fully depress the rear of switch, 1, to disengage
FWD, 2. FWD OPERATING PRECAUTIONS
Depress the front of the switch one notch to the CAUTION
Automatic or Terralock position, 3. The AUTO FWD
Four wheel drive greatly increases traction. Extra
indicator lamp on the instrument console will
caution is needed on slopes. Compared to
illuminate to indicate engagement of either Automat-
two-wheel drive, a fwd tractor maintains traction
ic or Terralock.
on steeper slopes, increasing the possibility of
When the tractor is in Automatic or Terralock mode, overturning.
FWD will automatically disengage when either brake When driving on icy, wet, or graveled surfaces,
pedal is used to assist in turning or at transport reduce speed and make sure the tractor is
speeds above 24.2 km/h (15 MPH) which reduces correctly ballasted to avoid skidding and loss of
tire wear. The FWD will automatically reengage steering control. For best control, engage four
when transport speed drops below 24.2 KPH (15 wheel drive by using full-time on mode, rather
MPH) and when the applied foot brake is released. than auto mode for four wheel braking.
TerraLock will also disengage and reengage under
the following conditions:
IMPORTANT: To increase front tire life, disengage
At speeds of 0-10 kph ( 0-6 MPH) disengage at four wheel drive when transporting the tractor.
turn angles of 30 degrees or higher and Disengagement is automatic at transport speeds
reengage at angles less than 30 degrees. above 24.2 KPH (15 MPH). Always use front/rear tire
Or between 10–20 kph ( 6–13 MPH) disengage combinations specified to ensure acceptable tire
at turn angles of 25 degrees or higher and wear.
reengage at angles less than 25 degrees.
IMPORTANT: Disengage FWD when making
Fully depress the front of the switch to the ON extremely tight turns. This action will increase front
position, 4, to engage full-time FWD. The indicator tire life, decrease stress on the FWD axle and allow
lamp in the switch will illuminate to indicate that the tractor to achieve minimum turn diameters.
FWD is engaged.

In this mode FWD automatically disengages when

transport speed is above 24.2 KPH (15 MPH) which
will reduce tire wear. FWD will automatically
reengage when speeds drop below 24.2 KPH (15
MPH).

NOTE: FWD will automatically engage to improve

braking any time that both brake pedals are
depressed.

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 SECTION 23 -- DRIVE LINES -- CHAPTER 1
The 12-volt solenoid, 1, that supplies oil for clutch
disengagement is located on a manifold at the rear
of the tractor.

70-550-1314

Solenoid Schematic without Steering The FWD switch sends a signal to the Right-Hand
Sensor Console module (RHC) which communicates with
The electric circuit for the FWD switch is supplied by the Chassis Control Module (CCM). The CCM sends
the RHC 5-amp fuse in the main fuse panel located power to operate the solenoid at the rear of the
in the right side cab “B” post. tractor.

70-580-1315

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 SECTION 23 -- DRIVE LINES -- CHAPTER 1

Solenoid Schematic with Steering Sensor

When the tractor has a steering sensor and the FWD
switch is in the auto position, the steering angle pot
may send a signal to the CCM, depending on the
angle of the front wheels. The CCM then will activate
or deactivate the FWD solenoid at the rear of the
tractor.

50021982

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 SECTION 23 -- DRIVE LINES -- CHAPTER 1

DISASSEMBLY AND REPAIR

REMOVAL
1. Park the tractor in a safe, clean location with the
park brake applied.
2. Remove drain plug, 1, and drain oil from the rear
axle center section approximately 136 L (36
gallons, US).

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10
3. Drain the fuel tank.
4. Remove the left side step, work light, and fuel
tank support.
5. Remove the fuel tank.

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11
6. Remove drive shaft shield, 2.
7. Remove drive shaft, 1, by separating at the front
flange and special shouldered bolts from the
bearing hanger.

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 SECTION 23 -- DRIVE LINES -- CHAPTER 1
8. Remove setscrews, 2, and rear coupler, 1.

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13
9. Remove cap screws, 2, that retain side cover, 1.

WARNING
Make sure oil was drained.

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10. The drive gear, 1, driven gear and clutch spider
assembly, 3, can be seen after the cover is
removed.
11. Install a wood block, 2, to support the clutch
assembly.

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15

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 SECTION 23 -- DRIVE LINES -- CHAPTER 1
12. Remove the snap ring using a pair of locking
snap ring pliers.

70-230-983
16
13. Pry seal retainer, 2, and shaft, 1, out as an
assembly.

CAUTION
The clutch assembly must be supported as
shown to prevent it from falling out of the
counterbore.

NOTE: If the seal retainer is the only part that must

be removed as in replacing the seal, the shaft must
be held securely to the rear of the tractor to prevent
loss of the thrust bearings.
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17

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 SECTION 23 -- DRIVE LINES -- CHAPTER 1
14. Remove the output shaft assembly.

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15. Roll the clutch assembly out to the opening.
Make sure that the thrust bearing and washer are
captured.

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19
16. Remove the clutch assembly from the housing.

WARNING
Always wear gloves and use both hands to
handle this assembly. This assembly weighs
more than 60 pounds.

70-230-987
20

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 SECTION 23 -- DRIVE LINES -- CHAPTER 1

DISASSEMBLY
The FWD clutch assembly consists of:

1 Output shaft
2 Seal and bearing retainer
3 Piston, hub and disc assembly
4 Clutch spider and driven gear
5 Thrust bearing
6 Thrust washer

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1. The clutch spring can be compressed by using
special tool, 1, FNH 00103.
2. After the spring is compressed, loosen the
adjusting nut, 2, with spanner wrench.
3. After removing the nut and spring, the piston can
be removed.
4. Remove the snap ring from the other end of the
hub and remove the clutch plates.
NOTE: The adjusting nut may be hard to turn due to
the lock tab on the nut and interference thread fit.
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The piston hub and disc assembly consist of:

1 Adjusting locknut
2 Spring washer
3 Piston
4 Hub with two seals
5 Pressure plate
6 Snap ring
7 Separator plate (7)
8 Friction plate (8)
70-230-989
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INSPECTION
1. Check the separator plates for warpage, scoring,
circular gouging, and wear. Replace if worn. New
thickness is 2.06 mm - 2.16 mm (0.081″ - 0.085″).
Replace if worn thinner than 1.96 mm (0.077″).

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2. Check friction plate for warpage, scoring
evidence of overheating, circular gouging, and
wear. New thickness is 2.42 mm - 2.62 mm
(0.095″ - 0.103″). Replace if worn thinner than
2.32 mm (0.091″).

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3. Replace the seals, 1, in the hub. Coat them with
petroleum jelly prior to installation.

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4. Press the old bearing, 1, off the shaft and install
a new bearing.

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27
5. Examine the gear teeth for wear. Prior to
November 1998, two different gear and hub
assemblies were used, depending upon tire
combinations (all 70 Series models).
1 38-tooth gear, or
2 40-tooth gear

Effective November 1998, Serial #D415637, only

one clutch driven gear tooth is offered.
• 8670/8670A -- 40 tooth gear
• 8770/8770A -- 39 tooth gear
70-230-996
• 8870/8870A -- 39 tooth gear
• 8970/8970A -- 39 tooth gear 28

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REASSEMBLY
1. Inspect bearings, 1, and replace if required.
Press new bearings in until edge is flush. Always
press on the numbered side.

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2. Inspect the clutch spider slots, 1, for wear.
Replace the clutch spider if wear is deep enough
to cause a plate to hang up.

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70-230-999

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3. Reassemble the clutch by installing the eight

friction plates, 4, and seven separator plates, 5,
in alternating order on the hub, 3.
4. Install the backplate, 6, and snap ring, 7.
5. Install the piston, 2, and spring washer, 1.
6. Temporarily install the clutch drum and output
shaft to make sure that the clutch plate tabs are
all aligned correctly and the plates are centered
in the hub so that the shaft will slide through the
assembly.

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7. Compress the spring washer, 2, with special tool,
1, FNH 00103.

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8. Turn the adjusting nut down until there is 1.30
mm - 1.70 mm (0.054″ - 0.066″) clearance
between the nut and the washer.
9. Relax the press and recheck the clearance
between the underside of the washer and the
piston as shown.
THIS MUST BE DONE TO ENSURE THAT THE
CLUTCH HAS THE PROPER PRELOAD SO
THAT IT WILL DRIVE CORRECTLY.

70-230-1001
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70-230-1003

35

INSTALLATION
1. Prior to installation, check the condition of needle
bearing; connector seal; thrust bearing, 1; and
washer, 2. Replace worn or damaged compo-
nents.
NOTE: If the needle bearing requires replacement,
pull out the old bearing using a slide hammer and
press a new bearing in place. Install with the bearing
writing facing out.

2. Install thrust bearing, 1, and washer, 2, on the

clutch as shown. Use petroleum jelly to hold in 70-230-987
place during installation.
36
3. Install the clutch and drum assembly back into
the case.

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 SECTION 23 -- DRIVE LINES -- CHAPTER 1
4. Install the clutch and drum assembly in the
needle bearing. Support the assembly with a
block of wood, 1, as shown.
NOTE: Be sure that the thrust bearing and washer
are properly installed after installation.

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5. Insert the output shaft through the front opening.
Make sure that the O rings are coated with
petroleum jelly.

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6. Tap the shaft in place until the front bearing is
seated. A rubber hammer may be required. The
O rings passing through the hub are tight.

70-230-1005
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 SECTION 23 -- DRIVE LINES -- CHAPTER 1
7. Install a new shaft seal, 1, in the front seal
retainer, 2. Be sure to install with the seal spring
lip towards the clutch assembly.

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40
8. Install a new O ring, 1, on the retainer and insert
it on the shaft. Protect the seal from the shaft
spline, 2, with some tape.

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9. Tap the seal retainer, 2, into place using a
suitable driver, 1.

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10. Install the snap ring in the groove.

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11. Apply a gasket eliminator sealing compound, 1,
around the opening as shown. Make sure the
sealing compound surrounds the bolt holes as
shown.

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12. Reinstall the cover plate, 1, and torque all the
hardware, 2, to 78 Nám (58 ft lbs).

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 SECTION 23 -- DRIVE LINES -- CHAPTER 1
13. Reinstall the drive shaft, 1, coupler, and shield, 2,
previously removed.

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14. Reinstall the fuel tank, step, and light assembly
which was previously removed.
15. Refill the rear axle reservoir with ESN-M2C134-D
hydraulic oil.

70-350-977

47

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PRESSURE TESTING
1. Install a pressure gauge, 1, in the test port, 2, as
shown on the top of the rear axle and operate the
tractor to determine that the FWD disengage-
ment pressure is correct.
NOTE: The park brake must be released to allow the
FWD clutch to be disengaged.

2. Pressure should be 16.5 bar - 18.9 bar (240 PSI

- 275 PSI) when the clutch is disengaged and 0
bar (0 PSI) when the clutch is engaged.

70-230-1010
48

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