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Research on Application of Digital Signal Processing Technology in

Communication
To cite this article: Huang Lu et al 2020 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 799 012026

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ICMSP IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 799 (2020) 012026 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/799/1/012026

Research on Application of Digital Signal Processing

Technology in Communication

Huang Lu, Yuan Xiaoyu, Wang Haodong, Li Jin, Ma Xuejiao, Zhang Caihong*
Qinghai Normal University, Xi’ning, Qinghai, 810000, China
*
Corresponding author’s e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract. With the continuous development of modern information technology and the
continuous improvement of people's living standards, electronic information technology has
been widely used in people's lives. People's lives are inseparable from it. With its continuous
development, its application range is getting wider and wider. This article first gives a brief
overview of digital signal processing technology, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of
digital signal processing technology in the communication field, and the specific applications of
speech compression coding and software radio in communication are analyzed in order to better
promote the application of digital signal processing technology in the communication field.

1. Introduction
Digital signal processing technology, as an important product of the information age, exists in all aspects
of the communication field and is an indispensable technology in the communication field. In recent
years, China has increased its support for chips. Therefore, it has promoted the development and
promotion of DSP chips, making it a control chip for many mainstream software communication
products. In the field of communications, the equipment that applies digital signal processing mainly
includes systems such as telephone communications, video voice, and voice signals, which effectively
promote information exchange and information sharing. In the field of communication, digital signal
processing technology is mainly applied to speech compression coding and software radio. Of course,
there are still problems such as signal quality and signal transmission speed that need to be resolved.
Therefore, in order to solve these problems, it is necessary to continue in-depth research on digital signal
technology based on the current research results and promote the healthy development of the
communication industry.

2. Digital signal processing technology

2.1. Digital Signal Processing Basic Theory

The core and symbol of digital signal processing technology is digital signal processor. Digital signal
processing is a subject that uses computers or special digital processing equipment to process signals
using numerical methods. It includes data acquisition, signal transformation, analysis, synthesis,
filtering, evaluation and identification, etc., in order to extract information. Compared with the
traditional analog processing method, digital processing has incomparable advantages. Digital signal
processing systems can process digital signals as well as analog signals. Of course, the analog signal
must be converted into a digital signal before it can be processed by a digital signal processing system.
A typical digital signal processing flow is shown in Figure 1.

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IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 799 (2020) 012026 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/799/1/012026

Analog-to-Digital
Initial Signal Signal Conversion LPF
Conversion

Digital Signal
Processing

Digital-to-Analog-
Useful Signal Signal Conversion LPF
Conversion
Figure 1. Digital Signal Processing Flow
The basic theory of digital signal processing includes the following:
⚫ Pre-processing of analog signals: filtering unwanted frequency components and noise in the
input analog signals to avoid spectral aliasing distortion after sampling;
⚫ Time domain sampling and recovery of analog signals: analog-to-digital conversion technology,
sampling theorem, quantization error analysis;
⚫ Analysis of time-domain discrete signals and systems: representation and operation of signals,
various transformations, description and analysis of time-domain and frequency domains of time-
domain discrete signals and systems;
⚫ Fast algorithms in digital signal processing: fast Fourier transform, fast convolution, etc.;
⚫ Design and implementation of analog filters and digital filters;
⚫ Multi-sampling-rate signal processing technology: The basic principle of the sampling rate
conversion system and its efficient implementation method.
The quasi-signal processing system can only perform some conventional simple processing on
signals, while digital signal processing uses numerical operations to implement signal processing, and
many complex processing can be performed using computers. Therefore, digital signal processing
applications will be more extensive.

2.2. Advantages of digital signal processing technology

Compared to analog signal processing, digital signal processing has many advantages, which are
summarized as follows:
⚫ Good flexibility. Digital signals are suitable for computer processing, and can also be realized
by programmable devices. It is easy to change the parameters of digital signal processing systems
through programming, so that the system can realize various processing functions.
⚫ Stable and reliable, there is no impedance matching problem. As long as the design is correct,
you can ensure the stable operation of the digital system, and the characteristics of the digital system are
not easy to change with the changes in the use conditions. And because the digital systems at all levels
are coupled through data, there is no impedance matching problem in analog circuits.
⚫ High processing accuracy. The internal noise of the analog circuit and the external environment
will affect the processing accuracy, while the digital system works in a binary state, so it is basically not
affected by internal noise.
⚫ Easy to encrypt and decrypt. With the increasing requirements of information security,
encryption and decryption algorithms are becoming more and more complex, and only digital processing
can solve this problem.
⚫ Facilitate large-scale integration and miniaturization. Because digital circuits have low
requirements for the consistency of circuit parameters, the basic units and basic modules that make up
a digital system have a high degree of consistency, so it is convenient for large-scale integration and
large-scale production.

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IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 799 (2020) 012026 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/799/1/012026

⚫ Easy to automate and multifunctional. Digital systems can easily perform corresponding
operations based on various states, and a system can implement multiple functions.

2.3. Lack of digital signal processing technology

Although digital signal processing technology is more and more applied in reality, the problems still
need to be further improved.
⚫ Deal with speed. The speed of digital signal processing is a relatively common problem. It has
been around since the birth of digital signal processing technology. However, due to factors such as
equipment, environment, and technology, this problem is gradually being solved to facilitate
communication.
⚫ Quality problem. Information quality problems such as bad signal and unclear picture
transmission also exist all the time. Digital signal processing technology needs to be better improved,
and solutions such as multi-core processing are used to solve it.
⚫ Anti-interference problem. Although the anti-interference ability has been significantly
improved in digital signal processing technology, the anti-interference problem of the analog signal from
the RF antenna needs to be improved. Improve all aspects of information transmission, ensure signal
quality and effects, and provide more convenient services for communication.

3. Application research in communication

3.1. Speech compression coding

The main purpose of speech compression coding is to obtain clear and high-quality speech through
corresponding equipment to convert information. Therefore, its transmission signal must have strong
anti-interference ability and be able to transmit information in a narrow bandwidth spectrum in order to
achieve reception. And fully restore the transmitted voice information to facilitate information
communication. At the beginning of the speech coding system, the coding method mainly adopted large
waveform coding, fully following the sampling guidelines of discrete Fourier transform, focusing on the
use with the external environment, and ensuring the high-quality state of the speech signal. It is relatively
fast, and it is easy to appear a series of problems in use, which affects the final voice signal quality.
Another common form of speech coding is parameter coding. The difference is that the key parameters
of the speech signal are used as the coding, but the coding rate is relatively low, which affects the speech
effect.
A typical compression-sensing-based speech compression coding and reconstruction framework is
shown in Figures 2 and 3.
High
Frequency High-Frequency
CS Sampling Coding
Coefficient Code Stream

Initial speech Wavelet

Decomposition

Low Frequency Coefficient Low-Frequency

Coding
Code Stream
Figure 2. Sending voice compression and encoding

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IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 799 (2020) 012026 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/799/1/012026

High
Adaptive
Frequency High-Frequency
ACoSaMP Decoding
Coefficient Code Stream
reconstruction

Reconstruct
Speech
Wavelet Wavelet
denoising synthesis

Low Frequency Coefficient Low-Frequency

Decoding
Code Stream

Figure 3. Decoding and reconstruction of speech at the receiving end and de-noising
In a speech compression system, it is mainly composed of a speech encoder, a digital storage medium,
and a decoder. The speech input is dominated by the speech encoder, and the speech output is led by the
speech decoder. The information transmission process is mainly the speech input of the speech encoder
→ the digital storage medium → the speech output of the speech decoder, which is the simplified speech
compression coding. With the development of the times, the voice compression system mainly consists
of a voice input module, a DSP module, an A / D conversion module, a D / A conversion module, and
a voice output module. The key technology is the DSP module, which is the voice. Compression and
decompression need to be implemented with the help of special algorithms and techniques to ensure that
the voice signal is not damaged. The DSP chip has simple data processing characteristics and can
implement multiplication and addition operations in a single instruction cycle. It is more suitable for
voice compression systems. In addition, various hybrid encodings have also gradually emerged. For
example, linear predictive encoding, as a new type of speech encoding technology, has a processing
speed of 4 to 16 kilobytes per second, but it needs to match higher algorithms and digital signal
processors. The digital signal processor can solve these problems, effectively improve the problem of
voice transmission, and improve the stability and reliability of the voice compression system.

3.2. Software radio

Software-defined radio is a solution to the coexistence of multiple systems in the field of radio
communications and the inability to formulate a unified standard between different systems. Because
software radio implements various functions based on software programming, its main characteristics
are manifested in flexibility and openness. Software-defined radio is mainly a communication software
to rely on. This software can complete functions such as wireless calls and video surveillance with
software programming. It has features such as functionalization and modularity. As long as the signal
frequency band that its hardware system can process, the communication function in the corresponding
frequency band can be increased by software. Digital signal processing technology has the
characteristics of stable signal, fast transmission and strong anti-interference. It can be seamlessly
connected with software radio and promote the application and development of software radio.
Software radio is a multi-band radio. It has a wideband antenna, a radio frequency front end, and an
analog-to-digital / digital-to-analog conversion. It can support multiple air interfaces and protocols. In
an ideal state, all aspects (including the physical air interface) can pass Software to define. The ideal
software radio uses wideband analog-to-digital converters and digital-to-analog converters to perform
A / D, D / A conversion at the antenna port, and digital signal processing at the back end is implemented
by software of programmable devices. The structure of the radio is shown in Figure 4.
It is a characteristic of software-defined radio architecture to place the analog-to-digital converter
and digital-to-analog converter as close to the RF front-end as possible. The status of the analog-to-
digital converter and digital-to-analog converter in software-defined radio systems is also critical, which
will directly affect the performance indicators of the entire system are excellent.

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ICMSP IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 799 (2020) 012026 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/799/1/012026

Voice, Data
A/D-D/A Digital Signal A/D-D/A RF Front-End
Converter Processor Converter Module
Voice, Data

Figure 4. Ideal Software Radio Architecture

At present, the hardware implementation of digital processing mainly depends on two types of high-
speed DSP chips and FPGAs. The respective characteristics of DSP and FPGA are relatively obvious,
which are suitable for different occasions. At present, a development direction that is relatively well-
recognized by everyone is the structure of DSP and FPGA. The purpose is to make the most of the
advantages of these two processors and complement each other to achieve the parallel processing of
signals in the entire system. When the clock is limited, the processing power of the system is improved
as much as possible.

4. Conclusion
In the field of communication, the application of digital signal processing technology is mainly
manifested in speech compression coding and software radio. Although its advantages are relatively
obvious and it is a development trend in the future, there are still certain shortcomings, such as signal
quality and signal transmission rate. Therefore, it is necessary to continue the research on digital signal
processing technology in communication in the future to ensure more convenient and reliable
communication. For example, high-speed digital processing technology and multi-core digital
processing technology are under research.

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