Classical Art

- Found in vases, panels, and tombs

Medieval Art
- Natural figures with dynamic
compositions - Monty Python and the Holy Grail, Blackadder, The
- Subjects: battle scenes, Sword in the Stone, lusty wenches, feasting, courtly
mythological figures love, the plague, jousting, and chain mail.
- Linear perspective
- Naturalist representation
- Methods of Greek Paintings: Roman de la Rose, M. 948, fol. 12r,
● FRESCO 16th century (Morgan Library and
- water-based pigment on a Museum, New York)
freshly applied plaster
(wall surfaces)
- Colors; grind powder ● Petrarch (Italian poet and scholar of
pigments in the water the fourteenth century)
- Murals, durable, and
- fall of the Roman Empire “Dark Ages”
matte style
● ENCAUSTIC - intellectual darkness due to the loss of classical
- Greek shipbuilders learning, which he saw as light.
- Hot wax = ship cracks
- end of antiquity in the fifth century and the
- Pigments were added and Renaissance, or rebirth of classical learning,
used to paint a waw hull in the fifteenth century and sixteenth centuries.
❖ Vase Painting
- Kerch Style = Kerch Vases
* Red-figured pottery North Transept Rose Window,
1. Pelike(wine container) c. 1235, Chartres Cathedral,
2. Lekanis (a low bowl with two France
horizontal handles and low
broad foot)
3. Lebes Gamikos (with high
handles and lid use to carry
bridal bath) - Christianity flourished in Europe
- Motif; life the women
(idyllic), mythological beings - Catholicism = new views of life and the world that
that were popular among the rejected the traditions and learning of the ancient
people of the black sea, world.
mythical story - heralded the formation and rise of universities, the
- Technique; polycromy, a establishment of the rule of law, numerous periods of
combination of different ecclesiastical reform, and the birth of the tourism
colors industry.
❖ Panel Painting
- flat panels of wood - Canterbury Tales
- Pitsa Panel (Archaic Period - Divine Comedy
between 540 and 530 B.C.E.)
- The Song of Roland
❖ Tomb / Wall Painting
- Very popular - Visual Arts prospered during this time that creates
- Method: Fresco, Tempera aesthetic values
(water-based), and Encaustic
- Secular Arts
(wax)
- has a sharp, flatly outlined - West, the Roman Empire fragmented, but in the
style of painting and because Byzantine East, it remained a strong, centrally-focused
it uses water-based materials, political entity.
very few samples survived.
❖ Byzantine
 - Constantinople = New Rome - Sistine Chapels painting
- the dome of St. Peter’s Basilica in
= Hagia Sophia, the world’s largest churches, Rome
and was a major center of artistic production. 4. Raphael (1483-1520)
➔ Two Periods of Iconoclasm - Divine Raphael
- created limits on what artists could - School of Athens, painted frescoes
represent and how those subjects could in the Vatican and learned from
be represented Michelangelo.

➔ Three Periods MEDICI

1. Early Byzantine or Early Christian The Baroque Art
Art - earliest extant Christian works of
art c. 250 and ends with the end of - The baroque style was linked with the Catholic
Iconoclasm in 842 Church
- exaggerated motion and clear detail used to
2. Middle Byzantine - picks up at the produce drama, exuberance, and grandeur in
end of Iconoclasm and extends to the sculpture, painting, architecture, and music.
sack of Constantinople by Latin ❖ Chiaroscuro Technique
Crusaders in 1204 - The interplay between light and dark that
3. Late Byzantine art - made between was often used.
the sack of Constantinople and the fall ❖ Famous Painters
of Constantinople to the Ottoman 1. Rubens
Turks in 1453. 2. Caravaggio
3. Rembrandt
The Renaissance
Pre-Historic Art
- means "rebirth.“
- time of great excitement and new discoveries in art, - artifacts made before there was a written record.
architecture, literature, exploration, and the - A powerful form of communicating information
sciences. between tribes and generations
❖ Filippo Brunelleschi (Florence, Italy)
- eager to revive ancient Greek and Roman art
- perspective art of making a flat picture seem Cave in Altamira, Spain
to have depth, so giving an appearance of
distance.
❖ Masaccio
- The Expulsion from Paradise showing real
people, shivering with cold and cringing with
fear as they were driven from Eden. Cave in Lascaux, France
❖ Four Great Masters
1. Donatello (1385-1466)
- sculptor
- introduced the weight-shifting
principle in his statues. PAINTINGS IN CHAUVET CAVE
- people in his sculptures also
conveyed emotion in their faces, and
the folds in their garments were
clearly shown.
2. Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
- Painter, musician, writer, engineer,
inventor, stage designer, and
astronomer.
- Mona Lisa
3. Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564)
- both a sculptor and a painter
- Last Supper
- Pitta
- David
Stonehenge

THE THEATRE OF EPIDAURUS

Ancient Egyptian Art

- Ancient Egyptian art is closely related to people’s

belief in the afterlife.

Mastaba

APHRODITE OF MELOS

Saqqara Pyramid

DISCUS THROWER

Pyramid of Cheops

Classical Art
GREEK VASE
● Ancient Greek Art
- calls to mind The Parthenon or the tragedies
staged by the Greeks.

The Parthenon on the

Acropolis of Greece

● ANCIENT ROMAN ART

- their sculptures were generally copied from
Greek statues

The Statue of Athena

Parthenos The Roman Forum
 ● BYZANTINE EMPIRE
- early churches were basilicas made of
concrete, brick, or stone because the wood
was scarce, and marble was expensive.

Middles Ages
The Pantheon in Rome
- Romanesque buildings or style was built in
France, Germany, and Italy between 1000
Pont du Gard and 1200

DURHAM CATHEDRAL

The Roman Baths

NOTRE DAME CATHEDRAL

Colosseum

RENAISSANCE ART

- "rebirth”
- It was a time of great excitement and new
● Early Christian and Byzantine art discoveries in art, architecture, literature,
- The Christian religion was growing in exploration, and the sciences.
strength. and the Roman Emperor
Constantine made Christianity the official
religion.
Expulsion from the Garden of Eden

Galla Placidia

St.Peter’s Basilica

David

HAGIA SOPHIA
 David

Baroque Art

- The development of the Baroque style was

linked with the Catholic Church.
- The Baroque style is characterized by
exaggerated motion and clear detail used to
produce drama, exuberance, and grandeur in
sculpture, painting, architecture ad music.
- The chiaroscuro technique refers to the
interplay between light and dark that was
often used.
- Famous painters of the Baroque era include
Rubens, Caravaggio, and Rembrandt.

Peter Paul Rubens-

Massacre of the Innocents

Caravaggio - The Conversion

of St. Paul

Rembrandt- The Night

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