9 Goldreef road

Ormonde, Johannesburg
Gauteng
Tel: 061 4297668
Reg No: 2015/226070/07

REPORT NO. RN-0121-02

DOLOMITE STABILTY AND GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION REPORT
FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF FLEUR LAERSKOOL, CENTURION -
GAUTENG PROVINCE

01 10/03/2021 M Luruli L Netshilindi L Netshilindi Submitted for information SFI

00 23/02/2020 M Luruli L Netshilindi Submitted for information SFI

Rev Date Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by Description Status

Prepared by Rafuni Geo-services

Dolomite Stability and Geotechnical Investigation Report for the Proposed
Development of Fleur Laerskool at Centurion, Gauteng Province

Title: DOLOMITE STABILITY AND GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION

REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT OF FLEUR
LAERSKOOL, GAUTENG PROVINCE.

Prepared For: Moonlite Engineering Consulting

3r Floor, Malanshof Building
62 Charl Cilliers Avenue
Alberton 1450
Tel +27 11 869 0392
Fax +27 86 586 6566
Email [email protected].
Contact Person: Mr Bruce Nezambe

Prepared by: Rafuni Geo-services (Pty) Ltd

9 Goldreef road
Ormonde
Johannesburg
Tel: 061 4297668

Contact Person : Netshilidi LM

Mobile: 071 307 5542

Report No. : RN-0121-02

Project Team : Ms L Netshilindi, Project Director
Mr M. Luruli., Engineering Geologist
Co-ordinates : Latitude 25°49’18.06"S and Longitude 28°12’35.02"E
Location : Fleur Laerskool, Lyttelton, Centurion, Gauteng Province

Date : 10 March 2021

Compiled by: Reviewed & Approved by:

M.M Luruli L Netshilindi.

Engineering Geologist Project Director

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Contents Page

REPORT NO. RN-0121-02 .................................................................................................... 0

DOLOMITE STABILTY AND GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION REPORT FOR THE
DEVELOPMENT OF FLEUR LAERSKOOL, CENTURION - GAUTENG PROVINCE ............ 0
1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 4
1.1 Purpose......................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 Background ................................................................................................................... 5
2. SITE DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................ 6
2.1 Location ........................................................................................................................ 6
2.2 Topography ................................................................................................................... 6
2.3 Climate .......................................................................................................................... 7
3. GEOHAZARDS ........................................................................................................ 7
3.1 Seismic Hazard / Activities ............................................................................................ 7
3.2 Ground Subsidence....................................................................................................... 9
3.3 Sinkhole Formation ....................................................................................................... 9
3.4 Landslides and Mudslides ............................................................................................. 9
3.5 Falls and Rockslides ..................................................................................................... 9
3.6 Volcanic Activities.......................................................................................................... 9
4. METHOD OF INVESTIGATION ............................................................................. 10
4.1 Desk Study .................................................................................................................. 10
4.2 Site Walkover .............................................................................................................. 10
4.3 Test Pits ...................................................................................................................... 11
4.4 Dynamic Cone Penetration (DCP) test ........................................................................ 12
4.5 Laboratory Tests ......................................................................................................... 12
4.5.1 Foundation Indicator tests ............................................................................. 12
4.5.2 Compaction tests .......................................................................................... 13
4.5.3 Chemical tests............................................................................................... 13
5. REGIONAL & SITE GEOLOGY .............................................................................. 13
5.1 Regional Geology ........................................................................................................ 13
5.2 Site Geology................................................................................................................ 13
5.2.1 Colluvium ...................................................................................................... 13
5.2.2 Transported ................................................................................................. 13
5.2.3 Residual chert ............................................................................................... 14
5.2.4 Residual dolomite .......................................................................................... 14
5.2.5 Percussion Borehole drill ............................................................................... 14
5.3 Seepage and Groundwater ......................................................................................... 15
6. GEOTECHNICAL EVALUATION............................................................................ 15
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6.1 DCP Results................................................................................................................ 15

7. DOLOMITE STABility EVALUATION ...................................................................... 18
7.1 Inherent Hazard Classes (IHC).................................................................................... 19
7.1.1 Potential Development Space ....................................................................... 19
7.1.2 Hazard Classification with respect to ingress water/non-dewatering scenario 19
7.1.3 Hazard Classification with respect to groundwater level drawdown/dewatering
scenario ..................................................................................................................... 20
7.2 Dolomite Area Designation .......................................................................................... 20
7.3 Groundwater ............................................................................................................... 20
8. recommendations ................................................................................................... 21
8.1 Appropriate land-use recommendation ........................................................................ 21
8.2 Concrete raft foundation .............................................................................................. 21
8.3 Surface Beds............................................................................................................... 22
8.4 Excavation Classification ............................................................................................. 22
8.5 Drainage and Storm Management ............................................................................... 22
8.6 Construction Monitoring............................................................................................... 23
9. CONCLUSIONS ..................................................................................................... 24
10. REPORT PROVISIONS ......................................................................................... 25
11. REFERENCES ....................................................................................................... 26

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1. INTRODUCTION
Rafuni (Pty) Ltd was appointed by Moonlite Engineering Consulting, to carry out a near surface
dolomite stability geotechnical investigation for the development of Fleur Laerskool / Primary School
in Centurion, Lyttelton, Gauteng Province. This school occupied a stand of 38,441m2 with existing
school structures at the time of the investigation.

The proposed development includes the following:

 Refurbishment of Block B;

 School Hall refurbishments;

 New pavement for parking areas and driveways;

 Repairing of roof structure for all buildings;

 Refurbishment of the existing stormwater and replacement of the system where it is damaged;

 Refurbishment of Grade R classroom block.

1.1 Purpose
The primary objective of the investigation was to assess the soil and rock profile across the sites and
obtain engineering parameters for the design of foundations for the development of proposed site.

This report presents practical recommendations for site preparation (earthworks), soil and rock
excavatibility and for the design and construction of foundations. The report provides geotechnical
parameters on which the foundation and superstructure designs may be based. The terms of
reference for this investigation are as follows:

 Present the fieldwork and testing carried out during the geotechnical investigation;
 Provide an overview of the geology of the site;
 Discuss the soil profile encountered;
 Highlight the geotechnical considerations that may have an influence on the proposed
development;
 Provide geotechnical related recommendations, such as founding solutions and re-use
potential of existing materials;
 Comment on the suitability of the site for the proposed development;
 Comment on groundwater (if encountered in the limits of investigation).

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1.2 Background
The project scope entails the geotechnical investigation for the construction of Fleur Laerskool
Primary School located at Lyttelton, in Centurion, Gauteng Province.

The geotechnical investigation was carried out to determine the prevailing ground conditions below
the site with a specific interest in the depth to a competent founding horizon. The fieldwork for the
engineering geotechnical investigation was carried out on the 05th to 8rd of February 2021 and
entailed the following:

-Site walkover reconnaissance followed by the following;

 Excavation of Fifteen (17) test pit the site to a depth of refusal;

 Thirteen (13) Dynamic Cone Penetration (DCP) tests
 Drilling of Three (3) Boreholes.
 Recovery of selected disturbed samples for laboratory tests.

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2. SITE DESCRIPTION
The proposed geotechnical investigation for the construction of New classes and other rooms at Fleur
Laerskool / Primary School located in Lyttelton, situated approximately 10km South East of in Mall
R55 in Gauteng Province. The site is located within the City of Tshwane Municipality. Access to the
site is via Molteno Street.

2.1 Location
The site Co-ordinates: Latitude 25°49’18.06"S and Longitude 28°12’35.02"E, time zone is GMT+hours.
Figure 1 shows location of site.

Figure 1: Location of proposed site

2.2 Topography
The site topography is relatively flat with gentle gradients with occurrences of low elevations across
the site. Elevations range from 474m to 477m above mean sea level. The site is dominated by closely
spaced trees on the North and Eastern portion while the South and the west portion are occupied by
wild grass and scattered tress.

There is no evidence of soil erosion on the entire site. However, the general topography indicates that
drainage of stormwater moves from north-east towards Daniels Street, particularly during periods of
heavy or prolonged rainfall.

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2.3 Climate
The climate in Fleur Laerskool is warm and temperate. There is significant rainfall in summer month
and driest seasons is winter which occasionally rainfall. The site is situated within the sub-tropical
zone. It can be very hot in summer, reaching 38 C in summer and 25 C maximum during winter.
Winters are mild during the day and cold during the nights. Rainfall season is between September
and March, while the winter season is from April to August.

The climatic regime plays a fundamental role in the development of a soil profile and the weathering
of rock. Weinert (1964) demonstrated that chemical decomposition is the predominant mode of rock
weathering in areas where the climatic “N-value” is less than 5. In areas where the climatic N-value is
between 5 and 10, disintegration is the predominant form of weathering, although some chemical
decomposition of the primary rock minerals still takes place. Where the climatic N-value is greater
than 10, secondary minerals do not develop to an appreciable extent and all weathering takes place
by mechanical disintegration of the rock.

Weinert’s climatic N-value for the study area is less than 5. This implies that rocks are extensively
weathered, often to depths of several metres, and decomposition is pronounced.

3. GEOHAZARDS

3.1 Seismic Hazard / Activities

The seismic zones are determined from the seismic hazard map which represents peak ground
acceleration with a 10% probability of being exceeded in a 50-year period.

Two types of seismic activities occur in South Africa, namely:

 Regions of natural seismic activity (Zone I), and

 Regions of mining-induced and natural seismic activity (Zone II).

In accordance with the seismic hazard zones contained in SANS 10160-4 (2011), the site does not
fall within either Zone I or Zone II, as shown in Figure 2.

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SITE

Figure 2 Seismic Hazard Zones of South Africa (SANS 10160-4, 2011)

Both the seismic hazard zones and the seismic hazard maps of South Africa produced by Kijko
(2003), show the site is situated in the area where the peak ground acceleration is less than 10%
probability of exceedance in a 50-year period is approximately 0.08 to 0.04g. The seismic hazard
map of South Africa is shown in Figure 3.

SITE

Figure 3 Seismic Hazard Map of South Africa, Kijko et. al. (2003)

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3.2 Ground Subsidence

Subsidence occurs in areas with large underground cavities typically resulting from large scale
shallow to very shallow mining and from dolomite/limestone dissolution. It may also appear where
thick deposits of unconsolidated material exist.

No signs of previous subsidence were evident during the site investigation. The site can neither be
classified as seismic or mining active area. Should the new information relating to mining activity or
seismic activity later uncovered, the Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) will be consulted.

3.3 Sinkhole Formation

Similar to subsidence, sinkhole formation occurs in areas with very large to extremely large
underground cavities resulting from poorly designed shallow underground activities. Dissolution of
dolomites or limestone’s, over millions of years, may lead to cavity formations which later manifest as
sinkholes.

The available geological maps indicate that the site is not underlain by dolomite or soluble
rocks/minerals.

3.4 Landslides and Mudslides

The probability of landslides and mudslides occurring within this area are remote. This is primarily
due to the low relief and relatively flat gradient of the area.

3.5 Falls and Rockslides

The probability of the occurrence of rock falls and rockslides is very high due to the surging relief and
steep gradient.

3.6 Volcanic Activities

South Africa has seen its last volcanic activity approximately 65 million years ago during the massive
historical eruption of the Drakensberg Lava forming the Basaltic Drakensberg Mountain Ranges that
we see today. Recent studies showed no signs for the possibility of volcanic eruption in the
foreseeable future.

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4. METHOD OF INVESTIGATION
Based on the “Site Investigation Code of Practice” (SAICE Geotechnical Division, 2010), which
provides standards for “acceptable engineering practice”, a total of Seventeen (17) test pit were
planned for the proposed development.

The method of investigation was based on both near surface and deep investigation, to a maximum
depth of 60m below existing ground level, for the proposed development

The site investigation, which was carried out on the 7th to 10th of February 2021, comprised the
excavation of test pits and penetration testing using Dynamic Cone Penetration (DCP) equipment.
The layout of the test positions is shown in Appendix A.

The current investigation comprised the following activities: Desktop study; Site walkover; Excavation
of tests pits; Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP); Percussion drilling and Laboratory testing.

4.1 Desk Study

The desk study comprises the review of existing regional, site and surface information. Sources of
information include:
 Topographic maps, geological data such as lithology of nearby rock outcrops, landforms and
erosion patterns;

 Existing geotechnical reports prepared for areas in close proximity to the site;

 Data on seismic aspects, such as ground motion and liquefaction potential.

4.2 Site Walkover

During the site walkover it was noticed that all existing buildings onsite were not in good condition as
a lot of walls and walks were cracked.
The cracks are a cause for major concern as the state and strength of the buildings are compromised
to collapse. According to our assessment, the cracks could be as a result of all (or some) of the
following possibilities:
 Poor workmanship;
 Deterioration of infrastructure due to age of buildings (The School is said to be older than 60
years); and/or
 Unsuitable/improper type of foundation used on the existing structures.

Pictures of some of the cracked areas are shown in Appendix B (Site pictures).

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4.3 Test Pits

Seventeen (17) test pits were excavated by means of TLB excavation and Three (3) boreholes in
addition were drilled. The test pit, which was deemed safe to enter, was profiled in accordance with
the “Guidelines for Soil and Rock Logging in South Africa”, 2nd Impression 2002, sampled as
necessary and then loosely backfilled. Test pit soil profiles are attached in Appendix B.

Three (3) of the seventeen test pits were hand-dug within selected areas of affected buildings with
the objective of inspecting existing foundation conditions. These test pit positions were at TP5, TP16
& TP17.

Borehole profiles are attached in Appendix D.

A summary of information obtained from the test pits is shown in Table 1.

Table 1: Summary of test pit information

Depth (m)
Handheld GPS Coordinates
Residual

Residual
Colluviu

Transport
Dolomit

Chert
Comment
TP ID.
m

ed
- Refusal on dense
TP1 25°49’18.06"S 28°12’35.02"E - 0.0-1.4 0.0 - 0.4
chert
TP2 25°49’17.49"S 28°12’36.11"E 0-0.1 0.1-0.8 - - Refusal to Bedrock

Refusal on dense
TP3 25°49’18.06"S 28°12’37.84"E 0-0.3 0.3 –1.0 - - sandy clay

TP4 25°49’14.56"S 28°12’36.26"E 0-0.3 0.3 -1.0 - - End of hole

Ended on a Strip
TP5 25°49’14.63"S 28°12’35.52"E 0-0.2 0.2-0.5 - - concrete Footing
TP6 25°49’16.08"S 28°12’33.72"E 0-0.25 0.3-0.95 0.3-0.95 - End of hole
TP7 25°49’14.60"S 28°12’33.12"E 0-0.25 0.3-0.9 0.3-0.9 - TLB max length

TP8 25°49’12.30"S 28°12’35.79"E 0-0.2 0.75-0.85 0.2- 0.75 End of hole

-
TP9 25°49’9.57"S 28°12’30.98"E 0-0.5 0.3 – 2.5 - – End of hole
Refusal on stiff silty
TP10 25°49’7.15"S 28°12’33.66"E 0-1.2 1.2-2.1 0.25-0.45 0 – 0.3 clay
Refusal on stiff silty
TP11 25°49’10.58"S 28°12’35.18"E 0-1.2 - 0 – 0.3 clay
Refusal on stiff silty
TP12 25°49’11.82"S 28°12’31.91"E 0-0.4 0.4-1.5 -
gravel
Refusal on stiff silty
TP13 25°49’13.60"S 28°12’32.91"E 0-0.3 0.8-2.0 1.4-1.5 clay

TP14 25°49’13.15"S 28°12’34.36"E 0-0.3 0.6 – 0.8 0.6 –0.8 0.5-1.0 Ended on a Chert

TP15 25°49’16.17"S 28°12’35.7"E - 0.5 - 0.7 - - TLB max length

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- Ended on a concrete
TP16 25°49’14.50"S 28°12’34.41"E - 0.3 - 0.55 -
strip footing
Ended on a concrete
TP17 25°49’14.34"S 28°12’35.09"E 0-0.3 0.3-0.5 - Fill footing of the
staircase

4.4 Dynamic Cone Penetration (DCP) test

Thirteen (13) Dynamic Cone Penetration (DCP) test was driven at locations adjacent to selected test
pit on the either sides to provide an empirical indication of the consistency of the in-situ soils. DCP
are attached in Appendix E.

Table 2: Summary of DCP test location and depth

DCP I.D Handheld GPS Coordinates Final Depth (m) Comment

Latitude Longitude

DCP 1 25°49’18.06"S 28°12’35.02"E 1.05 Refusal

DPC 2 25°49’17.49"S 28°12’36.11"E 1.00 Refusal

DCP 3 25°49’18.06"S 28°12’37.84"E 1.03 Refusal

DCP 4 25°49’14.56"S 28°12’36.26"E 1.00 Refusal

DCP 5 25°49’14.63"S 28°12’35.52"E 0.74 Refusal

DCP 6 25°49’16.08"S 28°12’33.72"E 0.93 Refusal

DCP 7 25°49’14.60"S 28°12’33.12"E 1.05 Refusal

DCP 9 25°49’9.57"S 28°12’30.98"E 1.06 Refusal

DCP 12 25°49’11.82"S 28°12’31.91"E 1.05 Refusal

DCP 13 25°49’13.60"S 28°12’32.91"E 1.04 Refusal

4.5 Laboratory Tests

The following schedule of laboratory tests has been submitted to RoadLab (Pty) Ltd which is a
SANAS accredited laboratory. The results are currently outstanding and will be incorporated into a
final interpretive geotechnical report.

4.5.1 Foundation Indicator tests

Seven (7) disturbed samples was submitted to the laboratory testing and subjected to foundation
indicator testing (as per TMH1 test methods A1 to A5) to determine basic engineering properties.

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4.5.2 Compaction tests

Four (4) bulk samples were taken for compaction (MOD and CBR tests) to determine the compaction
characteristics of the in-situ material.

4.5.3 Chemical tests

Two (2) bulk samples were taken for pH and Conductivity to determine the chemical characteristics of
the in-situ material.

5. REGIONAL & SITE GEOLOGY

5.1 Regional Geology

The published 1:250 000.scale geological map Extract, 2528 of the area shows that the site is located
on Chuniespoort group, of which it is the extension of the Transvaal sequences group. The area
significantly consists of hard, erosion-resistant chert sedimentary rock, overlain and surrounded by
abundant Dolomite rocks of the Malmani Subgroup. Appendix F presents the geology of the studied
area, however, the existance of dolomite presence due to proximity inherent of pockets in and around
this area and more importantly the collapsibility character of the formation can be mentioned.

An extract of the geological map is provided below in Appendix E.

5.2 Site Geology

From observation, the following generalised soil and rock profiles were encountered on site.

5.2.1 Colluvium
This layer was characterised by an intact cohesive sandy silt horizon which have an average
thickness of 0.4m in the range 0 to 0.3m below ground level in almost all the Test Pits, however, it
was not encountered in TP9, TP10, TP11, TP15 and TP16 mostly in the vicinity of the foundation of
existing building below the ground level. This layer can be described as “Slightly moist, brown speckled
white, medium dense, sandy SILTY, with grass roots: COLLUVIUM”.

5.2.2 Transported
This stratum is a product of Fill in material to level the sports field occurring in TP9, TP10 and TP11
with an average thickness of 0.3m. Consistency of this horizon was found to be generally loose due
to poor or none compaction. This stratum is typically described as “Slightly moist, reddish brown
speckled white, loose, intact, sandy SILT, with grass roots: TRANSPORTED”.

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5.2.3 Residual chert

This stratum is subdivided into two stratigraphic horizons namely Residual Chert and Chert based on
the size of the material and degree of weathering. The thickness of the Residual Chert averages to
0.25m, it is found in TP10. The second layer named Chert is found mainly in TP8, TP10, TP11 and
TP14, with an average thickness of 0.3m. The first stratum is typically described as “Moist, light
brown speckled white, loose, silty SAND: RESIDUAL CHERT.” while the second layer is described as
. “White stained red, highly weathered, medium grained, medium hard rock: CHERT”.

5.2.4 Residual dolomite

This layer was characterised by an intact cohesive sandy silty to a sandy gravely with abundant
boulders in TP02 TP03 and TP04 horizon which have an average thickness of 0.4m in the range 0.3
to 1.0m below ground level in almost all the Test Pits, however, it was also encountered in TP5, TP15
TP16 and TP17 in the vicinity of the foundation of existing buildings below the ground level. This layer
can be described as “Dry, reddish brown blotched whitish grey, loose to medium dense, silty GRAVEL, with
abundant chert: RESIDUAL DOLOMITE”.

5.2.5 Percussion Borehole drill

All percussion chips were logged by an engineering geologist in accordance with “Guidelines for Soil
and Rock Logging in South Africa, 2nd Impression, 2002” and results are summarised below, while
the full results are indicated on Appendix D.

Table 3: Summary of rock conditions encountered during drilling

Water Strike

Final Depth

Comments
Colluvium

Dolomite
BH ID.

Cavity
Chert

Depth to base of stratum (mbgl)

Water rest level

BH01 0 – 3.0 0 – 3.0 3.0 - 42 - - 42 measured as dry
Water rest level
BH02 0–1 1-51 30-60* 46-49 49-60* 60
measured as dry
Water rest level
BH03 0-1 1-31 18-52 - - 52
measured as dry

(Inferred stratigraphy= *)

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5.3 Seepage and Groundwater

Groundwater seepage was not encountered in any of the test pits excavated and Boreholes drilled
across the site. The investigation was conducted during rainy season.

6. GEOTECHNICAL EVALUATION

6.1 DCP Results

The Dynamic Cone Penetration (DCP) test is conducted by driving a 20 mm diameter, 60° cone into
the ground by an 8 kg hammer. The hammer is lifted by hand and dropped a distance of 575 mm and
the results are expressed as the penetration rate (PR) in mm per blow (Ref 3). Most of DCP tests
were conducted closely adjacent to the test pit positions to evaluate and correlate the stiffness of the
soil profile. Detailed graphs are presented in Appendix E. The results obtained from these tests are
summarised in Table 4, as follows:

Table 4: Summary of DCP Results

Test no Total Penetration CBR Bearing

depth GPS Coordinates (SA29) rate Capacity (KPa)
(%)
(m) (average)
( mm/blow )

S E

DCP 1 1.05 25°49’18.06"S 28°12’35.02"E 9 19 117

DCP 2 1.03 25°49’17.49"S 28°12’36.11"E 2 154 540

DCP 3 1.00 25°49’18.06"S 28°12’37.84"E 8 44 205

DCP 4 1.05 25°49’14.56"S 28°12’36.26"E 8 25 146

DCP 5 1.05 25°49’14.63"S 28°12’35.52"E 8 113 363

DCP 6-1 1.05 25°49’16.08"S 28°12’33.72"E 6 40 203

DCP 7 1.11 25°49’14.60"S 28°12’33.12"E 6 40 206

DCP 9 1.06 25°49’9.57"S 28°12’30.98"E 20 6 52

DCP 12 1.05 25°49’11.82"S 28°12’31.91"E 25 5 44

DCP 13 1.05 25°49’13.60"S 28°12’32.91"E 22 7 54

Results obtained from the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) gives a rough indication of the
consistency of the soil and of the allowable bearing pressures for shallow foundations. The
relationship between the penetration rates, the CBR and allowable bearing pressure, as shown in
Table 4, is presented as a guideline for the specific type of soils tested, and cannot be applied to
others similar soils unless locally calibrated (Ref 4). The allowable bearing pressure should however

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be treated with considerable caution since it is a function of the type of structure (ridged or flexible)
and the differential movements it can tolerate.

The results in Table 4 indicate that the CBR varies from 5% to 154% and the bearing capacity is also
variable from 44KPa to 540KPa. The scattering of results is probably due to the inherent variability of
the insitu material and the moisture content at which different layers of insitu material were tested at.
On a purely bearing pressure point of view, the areas around DCP9, DCP12 and DCP13 are
displaying lower results compared to other tests due to the presence of Clay rich material (soft spots).
The rest of the area appears to have a bearing pressure that is consistent with this type of material.
We suggest therefore to use an average value of 100KPa as bearing capacity for foundation design,
assuming that the soft spots will be locally improved by mixing and compacting insitu soils as will be
directed by test lab results.

6.2 LABORATORY TEST

Eleven representative samples were collected for laboratory testing. The following general tests were
requested: Seven (7) Foundation indicators, Five (5) CBR, OMC and Two (2) Chemical test. The
detailed laboratory results are placed in appendix F.

6.2.1 INDICATOR TESTS

Representative samples of the various soil horizons were taken and submitted for foundation
indicator tests. The results of these tests can be summarised as follows:

Table 5: Summary of Foundation indicator test results

Hole Depth Material type Soil composition GM Atterberg limits U.S AASHTO

no (m) Clay Silt Sand Gravel LL PI LS classification classification

(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

TP01 0.4-1.4 Gravely Sand 13.3 10.7 30.4 45.6 1.76 15 3 1.0 SM A-1-b(0)

TP02 0.5-0.8 Gravely Sand 16.7 13.8 31.1 38.4 1.72 26 12 6.0 SC A-1-b(0)

TP08 0.3-0.9 Gravely Sand 13.8 9.9 35.4 40.9 1.72 - NP - SM A-1-b(0)

TP13 0.3-2.0 Sandy Gravel 9.4 7.5 15.8 67.3 2.21 18 6 3.0 GM & GC A-1-b(0)

TP14 0.3-0.8 Gravely Sand 8.6 8.2 26.3 56.9 2.06 17 6 3.0 SM & SC A-1-b(0)

TP15 0.2-0.7 Gravely Sand 13.9 11.9 26.7 47.5 1.76 20 7 3.5 SM & SC A-2-4(0)

TP16 0.05-0.55 Sandy Gravel 12.2 6.1 17.7 64.0 2.14 19 6 3.0 GM & GC A-1-b(0)
Legend GM = Grading modulus
LL = Liquid Limit
PI = Plasticity Index
LS = Linear Shrinkage

The foundation indicator tests results in Table 5 show that the gravelysandy to material has a grading
moduli that varies from low to high respectively 1.72 to 2.21 averaging 1.91. The linear shrinkages

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varied between 1.0% and 3.5% regarded as low to moderate. All samples display a low to moderate
average liquid limit (15 to 26), therefore they are cohesive materials. The plastic index varied from 3
(low) to 12.0 (high) with an average value of 5.7, considered to be average. The activity of the soil
samples as defined by Van der Merwe is consistently medium to high meaning medium to high
potential to expansiveness.

6.2.2 COMPACTION TESTS

Four (4) samples of this material were tested in compaction in order to identify their suitability to
potential source of construction material on the site.
The compaction tests results can be summarised as follows:

Table 6: Summary of Compaction test results

Hole no. Depth Material type OMC MDD Swell CBR at various densities TRH 14
3
(m) (%) ( kg/m ) (%) Class

90% 93% 95% 98%

TP02 0.5-0.80 Gravely Sand 11.8 1988 0.70 7 10 14 22 G9

TP13 0.3-2.0 Gravely Sand 9.10 2063 0.16 15 24 32 52 G7

TP14 0.3-0.8 Gravely Sand 9.60 2047 0.26 19 20 20 23 G7

TP15 0.2-0.7 Gravely Sand 10.4 2041 0.35 10 14 16 27 G8

Legend OMC = Optimum moisture content
MDD = Maximum dry density (Mod AASHTO)
Swell = Soaked at 100% Mod AASHTO compaction

The compaction results in Table 6 reveal that the Gravely Sand tested material from depth of .0.2m to
2.0m has a high maximum dry density (average 2034.75 Kg/m3). The average optimum moisture
content (OMC) is moderate for Gravely Sand (10.3%). The material displays a very low (0.16%) to
low (0.70%) average CBR swell. The average CBR values of 17% and 21% respectively at 93% and
95% MDD are considered to be low to moderate. The material on site would classify respectively as
G7 for TP13 and TP14 while TP02 and TP15 will be classified as G9 and G8, respectively. The
material on site can not be used as sub base layer material in road pavements according to the TRH
14 (Ref. 6) guidelines and is thus considered as not suitable for the development of Fleur Learskool.

6.2.3 SOIL PH AND CONDUCTIVITY TESTS

The following guidelines proposed by Evans (Ref 4) were applied in the interpretation of Ph and
corrosivity of a soil towards buried, exposed metallic surfaces. In general, pH and corrosivity depend
on the following properties of the soil:

 Electrical conductivity

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 Chemical properties of the soil,

 Ability of the soil to support sulphate reducing bacteria,

 Heterogeneity of the soil

The pH of a soil gives an indication of potential acid related problems. If the soil pH is less than 6, the
corrosion may take place and if the pH should be less than 4.50, the problem of corrosion may be
serious. If the conductivity of the soil is less than 0.001s/m, corrosivity is generally not a problem.
However, the corrosion potential of the soil increases with an increase in conductivity. Should the
conductivity of a soil exceed 0.005S/m, the soil be regarded as very corrosive.

TP08 and TP16 samples were tested for pH and conductivity and they displayed a ph of 7.78 and
7.76, respectively with conductivity of 10.0ms/m and 18.0ms/m, accordingly which are classified as
not corrosive.

7. DOLOMITE STABILITY EVALUATION

The determination of the subsurface stability of a dolomite site requires the following:

 Determination of possible sinkhole and subsidence occurrence.

 Determination of the inherent risk for sinkhole and subsidence formation.

These determinations are done considering the following:

 The likely depths at which possible receptacles occur and whether they are of sufficient
volume to support sinkhole formation.

 Mobilizing agencies, particularly concentrated ingress water from ponding of water on surface
and leaking of wet services.

 Potential sinkhole development space.

 The nature of the blanketing layer above potential receptacles, whether they are above or
within bedrock.

 Mobilisation potential of the blanketing layer.

 Bedrock morphology.

Inherent susceptibility reflects the geological susceptibility of a karst area to an event (sinkhole or

Based on the borehole profiles described during drilling, the Inherent Hazard Classification (IHC) and
dolomite Site Class determinations are presented in Table 7.

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Table 7 Borehole summary, risk assessment and site class determination

Groundwater Risk Assessment

(m)

Weathered Dolomite (m)

Colluvium / Transported

Dolomite Bedrock (m)

Dolomite Designation
Chert Residuum (m)

Cavity / Ward (m)

Ingres Dewaterin

End of BH
Scenario g
BH ID.

IHC
Water Water Scenario
Strike Rest
level

Sinkholes

Sinkholes
Dullness

Doline
PBH01 36-42 - Dry Low Med Low Low 2/4//(1) D3
0 – 3.0 0 – 3.0 3.0 - 36 - 42 ium

PBH02 46- 54-60* - Dry Low Low Low Low 2/4//(1) D3

0–1 1-51 51-54* 60
49

PBH03 0-1 1-31 18-45 - 46-52 52 - Dry Low Low Low Low 2//(1) D3

(Inferred stratigraphy= *)

7.1 Inherent Hazard Classes (IHC)

The IHC classes given in Table 8 above are characterized by the following conditions:

7.1.1 Potential Development Space

The boreholes drilled have a non-dolomitic blanketing layer (Fine alluvium/colluvium) from surface
until an average depth of 2m. The blanketing layer, and hence the potential development space
(PDS), is not exposed to the potential activities of extraneous mobilizing agents.

The presence of dolomite at shallow depth characterizes the PDS as low to medium for the site.
Absence of cavities and low density material (wad) at shallow depth contributes to a low inherent
hazard risk.

7.1.2 Hazard Classification with respect to ingress water/non-dewatering scenario

Overburden consists of a competent cover which overlies chert residuum. There is chert residuum
and dolomite at shallow depth. The non-dewatering scenario therefore classifies as IHC 2-4.

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7.1.3 Hazard Classification with respect to groundwater level drawdown/dewatering

scenario
For boreholes with IHC class of 1//1, water was not encountered in any of the boreholes, this reflects
the low susceptibility to consolidation settlement, hence this is allocated class IHC1 implying a low
risk with respect to ground water drawdown.

7.2 Dolomite Area Designation

Dolomite Area Designations allocated for the boreholes in Table 7 were given as defined in SANS
1936 Part 1 (2012). Figure 4 shows various dolomite site designations and their descriptions.

Figure 4: Dolomite site designation

The general approach used for inherent risk assessment in dolomite land is explained in Appendix J.

7.3 Groundwater
During drilling, water strike was not encountered in any of the Boreholes below ground level. No
water was encountered during test pit excavations.

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8. RECOMMENDATIONS

8.1 Appropriate land-use recommendation

According to the dolomite stability evaluation, the land is suitable for proposed development (i.e.
School development) provided the recommendations are adhered to.

Table 9 describes the permissible land usage with relation to hazard class and dolomite designation.
Schools fall under land-use type C3 (Commercial and miscellaneous non-residential usage), and
parking areas under land-use type C8.

It should be noted that SANS 1936 specification requires design stage investigation for various types
of development. Based on the information available, the provisional D designation is given in Table 6.

Table 8 Land usage permissible based on Inherent Risk Class and Dolomite Designation

Permissible
Inherent
Percussion land usage per Dolomite Area Designation
Hazard Land Usage
Boreholes Inherent Designation description
Classification
Hazard Class

Precautionary
Commercial and
measures in addition
BH 01, & miscellaneous non- C3 (D3 + FPI) D3
IHC2/4//(1) to those pertaining to
BH03 residential usage
(School) the prevention of
concentrated ingress
of water into the
Commercial and ground, in
BH02 IHC2//(1) miscellaneous non- C8 (D3) D3 accordance with the
residential usage relevant requirements
(Parking Areas) of SANS 1936- 3, are
required.

8.2 Concrete raft foundation

It is important to note that the existing foundations the school sits on is strip foot foundations which do
not comply with dolomite regulations as prescribed in “general precautionary measures for structures
built on dolomitic land” in Appendix J.

Considering the prevailing geotechnical and defect conditions, it is recommended that the school be
demolished and rebuilt. All structures are to be built on a D3 dolomite area, should be founded on a
reinforced concrete raft foundation with outriggers (extensions beyond the perimeter of the structure)
of at least 1,5m length and such raft and outriggers shall be able to span a 5m void without failing.

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The foundation should be in accordance with SANS 10400-H requirements. The reinforced concrete

Raft must be designed by a competent person and constructed by an experienced building

contractor.

The following construction procedures apply:

 The foundation excavation to be over-excavated to a depth of 600mm below the proposed

founding level.

 Rip and recompact the base of the excavation to 93% MOD AASHTO at optimum moisture
content.

 Excavation to be backfilled with a G5 quality material to the required founding depth.

 The G5 material to be compacted in 150mm thick layers to 95% Mod AASHTO density at –1% to
+2% OMC.

 A concrete raft foundation, adequately reinforced, to be placed on a 600mm thick engineered soil
raft with a subgrade reaction of 90MPa/m.

The allowable bearing capacity should be limited to 200kPa on the engineered soil mattress.

8.3 Surface Beds

It is recommended that the subgrade beneath surface beds or floor slabs be ripped to a minimum
depth of 300 mm and compacted to 93% Mod AASHTO density. It is recommended that an approved
Damp proof membrane is used beneath the floor slabs.

8.4 Excavation Classification

The transported soils were excavated to an average depth of 2.3m. Based on the test pits and
dynamic probe test carried out, it is anticipated that site should be classify as “soft excavation” to an
average depth of 2.3m, in accordance with SANS 1200 DA classification using similar plant as
employed during this investigation. This means it can easily be removed by a tractor loader backhoe
(TLB) of flywheel power >0.10 kW per mm of tined bucket width.

8.5 Drainage and Storm Management

The most important factor in the stable development of the site is the control and removal of both
surface and groundwater from the site. Hardened areas, such as roof areas and parking lots
contribute to the surface runoff.

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The following is therefore recommended:

 Storm water should be collected and piped preferably off site. If this is not feasible, all storm water
should be led well down slope of all structures and building terraces to discharge in a carefully
controlled fashion by means of surface spreaders/headwalls to Engineer’s detail.

 Profiling of the ground should be implemented for the minimization of water ingress into the soil
around the foundations.

 A concrete splash apron should be constructed around the perimeter of the building. This will
prevent ingress of surface water close to the foundations, thereby affecting the moisture content
of the founding soils.

 All storm water should be led to discharge in a controlled manner (via an Attenuation tank) or
directly into the municipal storm water system designed in accordance with the recurrence
intervals.

8.6 Construction Monitoring

It is recommended that all cut faces, excavations and foundations be inspected by a competent
person prior to placing any concrete and regular checks on the quality and compaction of the backfill
to the terraces should be made.

A construction report compiled by the competent person must be submitted to all relevant authorities.

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9. CONCLUSIONS
From the above discussion, the following conclusions may be drawn:

i. The study area is suitable for the proposed construction of the fore mentioned at Fleur
Laerskool at Centurion, Gauteng Province.

ii. The area investigated is underlain by layers of transported sediments (colluvium), dolomite
and Chert of the Malmani Subgroup.

iii. Air loss and sample loss were only encountered in BH02, with cavernous subsurface
receptacles also encountered between 46m to 49m depth below ground level. Boreholes
drilled have a dolomitic blanketing layer from surface until an average depth of 3m.

iv. Based on the investigation done, the site has been allocated stability Class IHC 2/4//(1) which
falls under D3 dolomite designation area.

v. During drilling, water strike was not encountered any of the boreholes drilled. The water rest
levels were also recorded after 24 hours as dry.

vi. With a school older than 60years and existing structures which are built on strip foot
foundations, it is recommended that the school be demolished and rebuilt on adequate
foundation.

vii. Any structure to be built on the D3 dolomite area should be founded on a reinforced concrete
raft with outriggers (extensions beyond the perimeter of the structure) of at least 1,5m length
and such raft and outriggers shall be able to span a 5m void without failing, in accordance
with SANS 10400-H requirements. The reinforced concrete raft must be constructed by an
experienced building contractor.

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10. REPORT PROVISIONS

This investigation is aimed at providing the engineers with an indication of the prevailing geological
and geotechnical conditions in the study area, with reference to the proposed construction of new
classroom at Fleur Laerskool / Primary School, Centurion, Gauteng Province.

While every effort has been made during the fieldwork investigation to identify the various soil
horizons, their problems and distribution, it is impossible to guarantee that isolated zones of varying
material have not been missed. However the site conditions are not expected to vary a great deal
from that described in this report.

The engineers are, nevertheless, strongly urged to inspect all excavations to assure themselves that
conditions are not at variance with those described in this report.

Please note:

 Test pits were backfilled after the field investigation but were not re-compacted.

 Some test pits positions occur within the footprints of proposed structures.

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11. REFERENCES

i. SAICE (1995). Code of Practise for Foundations and Superstructures for Single Storey
Residential buildings of Masonry Construction. First Edition. The Joint Structural Division,
Johannesburg. ISBN 0-620-19317-4.

ii. Jennings, J E B, Brink, A B A Williams, A A B, Revised Guide to Soil Profiling for civil
Engineering Purposes in Southern Africa. The Civil Engineer in S A, P 3-12 January 1973.

iii. Van der Merwe, DH. The prediction of heave from the plasticity index and the percentage
of clay fraction of soil. The Civil Engineer in South Africa, p.103-107. June 1973.

iv. National Institute for Transport and Road Research, “Guidelines for Road Construction
Materials” TRH14, Pretoria CSIR, 1987.

v. Home Building Manual: Part 1 & 2: Revision No.1 dated February 1999, published the
NHBRC.
vi. SAIGE-AEG-SAICE (Geotech Div.). Guidelines for Soil and Rock Logging in SA

vii. SABS-0160 (1989). The general procedures and loadings to be adopted in the design of
building. First Revision. ISBN 0-626-09815-7.

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APPENDICES

 APPENDIX A: GEOTECHNICAL TEST PITS LAYOUT DRAWING

 APPENDIX B: TEST PIT SOIL PROFILES

 APPENDIX C: PERCUSSION DRILLING PROFILES

 APPENDIX D: DCP

 APPENDIX E: GEOLOGICAL MAP

 APPENDIX F: LABORATORY RESULTS

 APPENDIX G: DRILLERS LOGS

 APPENDIX H: GEOTECHNICAL ZONING MAP

 APPENDIX I: MODIFIED MERCALLI EARTHQUAKE CLASSIFICATION TABLE

 APPENDIX J: URBAN DEVELOPMENT CLASSIFICATION

 APPENDIX K: SITE PICTURES

 APPENDIX L: GENERAL PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES

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APPENDIX A: GEOTECHNICAL LAYOUT DRAWINGS

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FLEUR LEARSKOOL - LYTTELTON, TSWANE SOUTH - GAUTENG PROVINCE

SITE

RAFUNI PTY LTD

Geo-Services
9 Goldreef road
Orrmonde, Johannesburg
Gauteng Province
Tel: 061 429 7668
Cell: 071 307 5542
Email: [email protected]

Fleur Learskool - Tswane South, Gauteng

Province
Geotechnical Investigation
TEST PIT LAYOUT
POSITIONS
11-02-2021 11-02-2021 11-02-2021

M Luruli, Bsc. Geology L. Netshilindi Pr.Sci.Nat L. Netshilindi, Pr.Sci.Nat

RN-
1 of 1
GEOTECHNICAL TEST PIT LAYOUT POSITIONS 11-FEB-2021

NTS
Dolomite Stability and Geotechnical Investigation Report for the Proposed
Development of Fleur Laerskool at Centurion, Gauteng Province

APPENDIX B: TEST PIT SOIL PROFILES

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 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: TP01
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

Scale 0.00
1:10 Slightly moist, reddish brown speckled white, medium dense, intact, silty
SAND: RESIDUAL DOLOMITE with minor Chert.

0.40
Slightly moist, dark brown blotched white streaked grey, very dense,
intact, silty SAND: RESIDUAL DOLOMITE with grass roots.

FI

1.40
NOTES
1) No groundwater seepage encountered.

2) End of hole at 1.40m.

3) Disturbed sample taken for FI at 0.4--1.4m.

4) Hole side walls crumbles.

CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works INCLINATION : Vertical ELEVATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m X-COORD : 25 49’18.06"S
DRILLED BY : DATE : 07/02/2021 - 10/02/2021 Y-COORD : 28 12’35.02"E
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli
HOLE No: TP01
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
TEXT : ..aerskoolSoilProfiles.txt
 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: TP02
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

Scale 0.00
1:10 Dry, light brown, silty sand, with an overall consistency of loose to
medium dense: COLLUVIUM.
0.10
Slightly moist, dark brown mottled white, medium dense, intact, ’sandy
’gravely: RESIDUAL DOLOMITE.

0.50
Slightly moist, dark brown blotched white, medium dense to very dense,
’sandy ’gravel: RESIDUAL DOLOMITE with abundant boulders.
CBR

0.80
NOTES
1) No groundwater seepage encountered.

2) Refusal of TLB at 0.80m.

3) Disturbed sample taken for CBR & F.I at 0.5--0.8m.

CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works INCLINATION : ELEVATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m X-COORD : 25 49’17.49"S
DRILLED BY : DATE : 07/02/2021 - 10/02/2021 Y-COORD : 28 12’36.11"E
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli
HOLE No: TP02
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
TEXT : ..aerskoolSoilProfiles.txt
 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: TP03
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

Scale 0.00
1:10 Slightly moist, reddish brown, loose, intact, clayey sandy SILT:
COLLUVIUM with abundant angular pebbles.

0.30
Slightly moist, reddish brown blotched grey stained white, clay gravel:
RESIDUAL DOLOMITE with abundant boulders.

1.00
NOTES
No groundwater seepage encountered.

End of Hole at 1.0m.

No disturbed sample was taken.

CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works INCLINATION : ELEVATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m X-COORD : 25 49’18.06"S
DRILLED BY : DATE : 07/02/2021 - 10/02/2021 Y-COORD : 28 12’37.84"E
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli
HOLE No: TP03
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
TEXT : ..aerskoolSoilProfiles.txt
IN DEMO MODE!
 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: TP04
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

Scale 0.00
1:10 Slightly moist, reddish brown, loose, intact, clayey sandy SILT:
COLLUVIUM with abundant angular pebbles.

0.30
Slightly moist, reddish brown blotched grey stained white, clay gravel:
RESIDUAL DOLOMITE with abundant boulders.

1.00
NOTES
No groundwater seepage encountered.

End of Hole 1.0m.

No disturbed sample was taken.

CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works INCLINATION : ELEVATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m X-COORD : 25 49’14.56"S
DRILLED BY : DATE : 07/02/2021 - 10/02/2021 Y-COORD : 28 12’36.26"E
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli
HOLE No: TP04
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
TEXT : ..aerskoolSoilProfiles.txt
 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: TP05
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

Scale 0.00
1:10 Dry, dark brown, loose, intact, silty SAND: COLLUVIUM with grass roots.

0.20
Dry, reddish brown mottled white, medium dense, sandy SILT:
RESIDUAL DOLOMITE .

0.50
Concrete Footing
0.51
NOTES
1) No groundwater seepage encountered.

2) End of Hole at 0.51m on a Strip Concrete footing with a redius of 0.5m.

CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works INCLINATION : ELEVATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m X-COORD : 25 49’14.63"S
DRILLED BY : DATE : 07/02/2021 - 10/02/2021 Y-COORD : 28 12’35.52"E
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli
HOLE No: TP05
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
TEXT : ..aerskoolSoilProfiles.txt
 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: TP06
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

Scale 0.00
1:10 Slightly moist, dark brown stained grey, medium dense, intact, silty
SAND: COLLUVIUM with grass roots.

0.25
Slightly moist, reddish brown blotched grey, medium dense to very dense,
sandy gravely: RESIDUAL DOLOMITE with minor Chert.

0.95
NOTES
No groundwater seepage encountered.

End of Hole at 0.95m on Residual Dolomite.

No disturbed sample was taken.

CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works INCLINATION : ELEVATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m X-COORD : 25 49’16.08"S
DRILLED BY : DATE : 07/02/2021 - 10/02/2021 Y-COORD : 28 12’33.72"E
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli
HOLE No: TP06
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
TEXT : ..aerskoolSoilProfiles.txt
 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: MTP07
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

Scale 0.00
1:10 Slightly moist, dark brown stained grey, medium dense, intact, silty
SAND: COLLUVIUM with grass roots.

0.25
Slightly moist, reddish brown blotched grey, medium dense to very dense,
sandy gravely: RESIDUAL DOLOMITE with minor Chert.

0.95
NOTES
No groundwater seepage encountered.

End of Hole at 0.95m on Residual Dolomite.

No disturbed sample was taken.

CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works INCLINATION : ELEVATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m X-COORD : 25 49’14.60"S
DRILLED BY : Y-COORD : 28 12’33.12"E
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli
HOLE No: MTP07
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
SETUP FILE : STANDARD.SET TEXT : ..aerskoolSoilProfiles.txt
 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: TP08
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

Scale 0.00
1:10 Slightly moist, dark brown, medium dense, intact, silty SAND:
COLLUVIUM with grass roots tree.

0.20
White stained red, highly weathered, medium grained, medium hard rock:
CHERT.

FI

0.75
Slightly moist, reddish brown blotched grey, medium dense to very dense,
sandy gravely: RESIDUAL DOLOMITE with minor Chert.
0.85
NOTES
1) No groundwater seepage encountered.

2) End of Hole at 0.85m.

3) Disturbed sample taken for FI at 0.25--0.85m

CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works INCLINATION : ELEVATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m X-COORD : 25 49’12.30"S
DRILLED BY : DATE : 07/02/2021 - 10/02/2021 Y-COORD : 28 12’35.79"E
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli DATE : 07/02/2021 - 10/02/2021
HOLE No: TP08
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: TP09
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

Scale 0.00
1:15 Slightly moist, dark brown stained grey, loose, silty SAND:
TRANSPORTED with grass roots.

0.30
Slightly Moist, reddish brown mottled whitish grey, medium dense, silty
SAND: RESIDUAL DOLOMITE.

1.00
Slightly Moist, reddish brown blotched whitish grey, medium dense, silty
GRAVEL: RESIDUAL DOLOMITE.

2.50
NOTES
No groundwater seepage encountered.

End of Hole at 0.85m.

CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works INCLINATION : ELEVATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m X-COORD : 25 49’9.57"S
DRILLED BY : DATE : 07/02/2021 - 10/02/2021 Y-COORD : 28 12’30.98"E
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli DATE : 07/02/2021 - 10/02/2021
HOLE No: TP09
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: MTP10
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

Scale 0.00
1:10 Slightly moist, reddish brown speckled white, loose, intact, sandy SILT,
with grass roots: TRANSPORTED.

0.25
Moist, light brown speckled white, loose, silty SAND: RESIDUAL CHERT.

0.45
White stained red, highly weathered, medium grained, medium hard rock:
CHERT.

1.00
NOTES
No groundwater seepage encountered.

End of Hole at 1.0m.

CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works INCLINATION : ELEVATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m X-COORD : 25 49’7.15"S
DRILLED BY : DATE : 07/02/2021 - 10/02/2021 Y-COORD : 28 12’33.66"E
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli DATE : 07/02/2021 - 10/02/2021
HOLE No: MTP10
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: MTP11
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

Scale 0.00
1:10 Slightly moist, dark brown stained grey, medium dense, intact, sandy
SILT, with grass roots: TRANSPORTED.

0.30
White stained red, highly weathered, medium grained, medium hard rock:
CHERT.

0.70
NOTES
1)

2) End of Hole at 0.7m.

CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works INCLINATION : ELEVATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m X-COORD : 25 49’10.58"S
DRILLED BY : DATE : 07/02/2021 - 10/02/2021 Y-COORD : 28 12’35.18"E
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli DATE : 07/02/2021 - 10/02/2021
HOLE No: MTP11
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: MTP12
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

Scale 0.00
1:10 Slightly moist, brown stained black, loose to medium dense, intact, sandy
SILT, with grass roots: COLLUVIUM.

0.40
Slightly Moist, reddish brown mottled whitish grey, medium dense, silty
SAND, with abundant grass roots: RESIDUAL DOLOMITE.

1.10
Slightly Moist, reddish brown blotched whitish grey, medium dense, silty
GRAVEL: RESIDUAL DOLOMITE.

1.50
NOTES
1)

2) End of Hole at 1.5m.

CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works INCLINATION : ELEVATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m X-COORD : 25 49’11.82"S
DRILLED BY : Y-COORD : 28 12’31.91"E
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli
HOLE No: MTP12
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
SETUP FILE : STANDARD.SET TEXT : ..aerskoolSoilProfiles.txt
 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: MTP13
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

Scale 0.00
1:10 Slightly moist, brown stained black, loose to medium dense, intact, sandy
SILT, with grass roots: COLLUVIUM.

Slightly moist, dark brown blotched white, medium dense, silty GRAVEL:
with plastics and boulders FILL

Slightly Moist, reddish brown blotched whitish grey, medium dense, silty
GRAVEL: RESIDUAL DOLOMITE

2.00
NOTES
1) No groundwater seepage encountered
CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works
2) INCLINATION
End of Hole at 2.0m.: ELEVATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m X-COORD : 25 49’13.60"S

DRILLED BY : Y-COORD : 28 12’32.91"E
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli
HOLE No: MTP13
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
SETUP FILE : STANDARD.SET TEXT : ..aerskoolSoilProfiles.txt
 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: MTP14
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

Scale 0.00
1:10 Slightly moist, brown speckled white, medium dense, sandy SILTY, with
grass roots: COLLUVIUM.

0.30
Slightly Moist, reddish brown mottled whitish grey, medium dense, silty
SAND, with abundant grass roots: RESIDUAL DOLOMITE.

FI/CBR
0.60
White stained red, highly weathered, medium grained, medium hard rock:
CHERT.

0.80
NOTES
1) No groundwater seepage encountered

2) End of Hole at 2.0m.

3) Disturbed sample taken for FI/CBR at 0.3--0.8m.

CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works INCLINATION : ELEVATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m X-COORD : 25 49’13.15"S
DRILLED BY : Y-COORD : 28 12’34.36"E
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli
HOLE No: MTP14
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
SETUP FILE : STANDARD.SET TEXT : ..aerskoolSoilProfiles.txt
 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: MTP15
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

Scale 0.00
1:10 Tar

FI/CBR
0.50
Layer depth error!
0.50
Slightly Moist, reddish brown blotched whitish grey, medium dense, silty
GRAVEL, with abundant chert: RESIDUAL DOLOMITE
0.70
NOTES
1) Moderate groundwater seepage encountered from 1.00m.

2) End of Hole of at 0.70m.

3) Disturbed sample taken for FI/CBR at 0.2--0.7m.

1.00m

CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works INCLINATION : ELEVATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m X-COORD : 25 49’16.17"S
DRILLED BY : Y-COORD : 28 12’35.69"E
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli
HOLE No: MTP15
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
SETUP FILE : STANDARD.SET TEXT : ..aerskoolSoilProfiles.txt
 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: MTP16
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

0.00
Bricks, PAVING

0.30
Layer depth error!
0.30
FI
Dry, reddish brown blotched whitish grey, loose to medium dense, silty
GRAVEL, with abundant chert: RESIDUAL DOLOMITE
0.55

NOTES
1) No groundwater seepage encountered.

2) End of Hole of at 0.55m on a concrete strip footing.

3) Disturbed sample taken for FI at 0.25--0.55m.

CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works TYPE SET BY : NB INCLINATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m
DRILLED BY : DATE : 07/02/2021 -
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli 10/02/2021
DATE : 07/02/2021 -
10/02/2021 ELEVATION :
DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42 X-COORD : 25 49’14.50"S
Y-COORD : 28 12’34.41"E

HOLE No: MTP16

 MOONLITE CONSULTING HOLE No: MTP17
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

Scale 0.00
1:10 Dry, reddish brown, loose, intact, , sandy SILT, with grass roots:
COLLUVIUM..

0.30
Dry, reddish brown mottled white, medium dense, intact, silty SAND:
RESIDUAL DOLOMITE

0.50
CONCRETE FILL FOOTING OF THE STAIRCASE .
0.51
NOTES
1) No groundwater seepage encountered.

2) End of Hole of at 0.51m.

CONTRACTOR : Century Civil Works INCLINATION : ELEVATION :

MACHINE : Komatsu TLB DIAM : 0.6m X-COORD : 25 49’14.34"S
DRILLED BY : DATE : 07/02/2021 - 10/02/2021 Y-COORD : 28 12’35.09"E
PROFILED BY : M. Luruli DATE : 07/02/2021 - 10/02/2021
HOLE No: MTP17
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
 MOONLITE CONSULTING LEGEND
Fleur Learskool Geotechnical and Dolomite Stability InvestigationSheet 1 of 1

BOULDERS {SA01}

GRAVEL {SA02}

SAND {SA04}

SANDY {SA05}

SILT {SA06}

SILTY {SA07}

CLAY {SA08}

CLAYEY {SA09}

DOLOMITE {SA13}

CHERT {SA21}

FILL {SA32}

CONCRETE {SA34}

DISTURBED SAMPLE {SA38}

ROOTS {SA40}

WATER SEEPAGE/water strike {CH50}

CONTRACTOR : INCLINATION : ELEVATION :

MACHINE : DIAM : X-COORD :
DRILLED BY : DATE : Y-COORD :
PROFILED BY : DATE :
TYPE SET BY : NB DATE : 17/02/2021 06:42
LEGEND
SUMMARY OF SYMBOLS
Dolomite Stability and Geotechnical Investigation Report for the Proposed
Development of Fleur Laerskool at Centurion, Gauteng Province

APPENDIX C: PERCUSSION DRILLING PROFILES

Rafuni Geo-services, February 2021 30/39

 ROCK FABRIC GRAIN SIZE JOINT ROUGHNESS ROCK HARDNESS
MF -massive FG -fine grained SLJ-slickensided EHR-extremely hard rock
HOLE No: BH01 BF -bedded MG -medium grain SJ -smooth VHR-very hard rock Moonlite Engineering Consulting HOLE No: BH01
Sheet 1 of 1 FF -foliated CG -coarse grain RJ -rough HR -hard rock Dolomite Stability Investigation Sheet 1 of 1
CF -cleaved MHR-medium hard rock
SF -schistose JOINT SPACING JOINT SHAPE SR -soft rock Fleur Laerskool, Centurion
JOB NUMBER: RN-0-0121-02 GF -gneissose VCJ-very close spacg CUR-curvilinear VSR-very soft rock JOB NUMBER: RN-0-0121-02
LF -laminated CJ -close spacing PLA-planar
MJ -medium spacing UND-undulating
WJ -wide spacing STE-stepped
VWJ-very wide spacng IRR-irregular
0.25 Scale 0.00
1:250
Reddish brown, silty SAND, with abunadnt chert gravels and minor fine
0.27 roots: COLLUVIUM.
0.22 3.00
1.18
1.27 Grey speckled brown, moderately weathered DOLOMITE fragments:
1.15 DOLOMITE.
0.28
1.02
1.30
-10 1.39 10
1.18
1.34 12.00
0.33 Grey speckled brown, highly weathered DOLOMITE fragments, with
0.21
minor to abundant dark brown silty clay: DOLOMITE.
1.13
0.44
0.40
0.48
0.35
-20 0.54 20
0.41
165mm
0.32
0.28
0.42
0.36
0.42
0.30
1.00
0.49
-30 0.40 30
0.41
0.36
0.38
1.36 34.00
2.15 Grey speckled brown, moderately to slightly weathered DOLOMITE
2.47
fragments: DOLOMITE.
3.06 36.00
3.12
3.11 Dark grey speckled white, unweathered weathered, DOLOMITE
-40 3.04 40
fragments: DOLOMITE.
3.08
3.14 42.00
NOTES
1) Hole ended at 42m on Dolomite .

2) Hole sidewalls stable.

3) No Groundwater was encountered.

4) Water rest level recorded as dry.

1 2 3 4
REDUCED HOLE PENETRATION DEPTH CONTRACTOR : J.K Drilling INCLINATION : VERTICAL ELEVATION : m
LEVEL DIAM RATE Scale MACHINE : Thor Percussion (18 Bar) X-COORD : 25˚ 49’18.3" E
DIAM : 165MM
. (min/meter) 1:250
DRILLED BY : Patrick DATE : 05/02/2021 Y-COORD : 28˚ 12’35.5"S
PROFILED BY : Martin Luruli DATE : 05/02/2021
HOLE No: BH01
TYPE SET BY : M.L DATE : 22/02/2021 12:25
SETUP FILE : STANDARD.SET TEXT : ..gs\FleurLaerskoolBHs.txt
dotPLOT 7022
 ROCK FABRIC GRAIN SIZE JOINT ROUGHNESS ROCK HARDNESS
MF -massive FG -fine grained SLJ-slickensided EHR-extremely hard rock
HOLE No: PBH02 BF -bedded MG -medium grain SJ -smooth VHR-very hard rock Moonlite Engineering Consulting HOLE No: PBH02
Sheet 1 of 1 FF -foliated CG -coarse grain RJ -rough HR -hard rock Dolomite Stability Investigation Sheet 1 of 1
CF -cleaved MHR-medium hard rock
SF -schistose JOINT SPACING JOINT SHAPE SR -soft rock Fleur Laerskool, Centurion
JOB NUMBER: RN-0-0121-02 GF -gneissose VCJ-very close spacg CUR-curvilinear VSR-very soft rock JOB NUMBER: RN-0-0121-02
LF -laminated CJ -close spacing PLA-planar
MJ -medium spacing UND-undulating
WJ -wide spacing STE-stepped
VWJ-very wide spacng IRR-irregular
24 Scale 0.00
0.30 Reddish brown, silty SAND, with abunadnt chert gravels and minor fine
0.36 1:500
32 roots: COLLUVIUM.
0.29 1.00
52
0.45 Grey, highly weathered CHERT fragments, with abundant reddish brown
-10 0.39 10
silty clay: CHERT RESIDUUM
34
0.42
44
0.38
0.33
39
0.50
58 20
-20 0.32
0.28
0 7 23.00
1.08
0.35 Light to reddish brown, silty CLAY, with minor to abundant grey, highly
1.00 weathered chert fragments: CHERT RESIDUUM
24
-30
165mm 1.06 30 30.00
38
0.25 Grey, highly weathered CHERT fragments, with abundant dark brown silty
0.18 clayey wad: CHERT & DOLOMITE RESIDUUM
0.22 37.00
0.27
21 No sample recovered: inferred residual dolomite and chert.
-40 0.14 40
0.16 42.00
0.27 White & light grey, highly weathered CHERT fragments, with abundant
0.17 dark brown silty clayey wad: CHERT & DOLOMITE RESIDUUM
0.05 43.00
-50 10
0.33 50
0 5 No sample recovered: inferred residual dolomite and chert.
1.40 46.00
1 7
2.13 No sample recovered: inferred cavity.
3.09 49.00
3.13
-60 60
White & light grey, highly weathered CHERT fragments, with equal
3.09
amounts of dark brown silty clayey wad :CHERT & DOLOMITE
RESIDUUM
51.00
No sample recovered: inferred residual dolomite and chert.
54.00
No sample recovered: inferred dolomite bedrock.
60.00
NOTES
1) Hole ended at 60m on competent bedrock.

2) Hole sidewalls stable.

3) No Groundwater was encountered.

4) Water rest level recorded as dry.

1 2 3 4
REDUCED HOLE PENETRATION DEPTH CONTRACTOR : J.K Drilling INCLINATION : 90´ ELEVATION : m
LEVEL DIAM RATE Scale MACHINE : Thor Percussion (18 Bar) X-COORD : 25˚ 49’07.21"S
DIAM : 165MM
. (min/meter) 1:500
DRILLED BY : Patrick DATE : 12/02/2021 Y-COORD : 28˚ 12’33.61"E
PROFILED BY : Martin Luruli DATE : 12/02/2021
HOLE No: PBH02
TYPE SET BY : M.L DATE : 22/02/2021 12:25
SETUP FILE : STANDARD.SET TEXT : ..gs\FleurLaerskoolBHs.txt
dotPLOT 7022
 ROCK FABRIC GRAIN SIZE JOINT ROUGHNESS ROCK HARDNESS
MF -massive FG -fine grained SLJ-slickensided EHR-extremely hard rock
HOLE No: PBH03 BF -bedded MG -medium grain SJ -smooth VHR-very hard rock Moonlite Engineering Consulting HOLE No: PBH03
Sheet 1 of 1 FF -foliated CG -coarse grain RJ -rough HR -hard rock Dolomite Stability Investigation Sheet 1 of 1
CF -cleaved MHR-medium hard rock
SF -schistose JOINT SPACING JOINT SHAPE SR -soft rock Fleur Laerskool, Centurion
JOB NUMBER: RN-0-0121-02 GF -gneissose VCJ-very close spacg CUR-curvilinear VSR-very soft rock JOB NUMBER: RN-0-0121-02
LF -laminated CJ -close spacing PLA-planar
MJ -medium spacing UND-undulating
WJ -wide spacing STE-stepped
VWJ-very wide spacng IRR-irregular
0.33 Scale 0.00
1:250
Reddish brown, silty SAND, with abunadnt chert gravels and minor fine
0.38 roots: COLLUVIUM.
0.29 1.00
0.27
0.32 Light to dark brown, silty CLAY, with abundant grey, highly weathered
0.35 chert fragments: CHERT RESIDUUM.
0.38
0.30
0.25
-10 0.28 10
0.34
0.39
0.43
0.34
0.45
0.52
1.03
0.41 18.00
0.58 Grey, highly weathered CHERT fragments, with abundant dark brown to
-20 0.53 20
black silty clayey wad: CHERT & DOLOMITE RESIDUUM.
0.36
0.24 22.00
0.18 Grey, highly weathered CHERT fragments, with minor grey, highly
0.37
weathered dolomite fragments: CHERT & DOLOMITE RESIDUUM
0.30
0.17
165mm
0.20
0.23
0.21
-30 0.26 30
0.46 31.00
1.24 Dark grey speckled white, moderately weathered, DOLOMITE fragments:
1.19
DOLOMITE.
1.29
1.33
1.39
1.16
1.11
1.32
-40 1.44 40 43.00
1.50 Dark grey speckled white, slightly weathered, DOLOMITE fragments:
1.56 DOLOMITE.
1.54 46.00
2.05 Dark grey speckled white, unweathered weathered, DOLOMITE
2.26 fragments: DOLOMITE.
2.31 52.00
3.03 NOTES
3.05
3.08 1) Hole ended at 52.00m .
-50 3.06 50
3.09 2) No groundwater was encountered.
3.12
1 2 3 4 3) Water levels are recoded as dry.
REDUCED HOLE PENETRATION DEPTH CONTRACTOR : J.K Drilling INCLINATION : 90´ ELEVATION : m
LEVEL DIAM RATE Scale MACHINE : Thor Percussion (18 Bar) X-COORD : 25˚ 49’12.34"S
DIAM : 165MM
. (min/meter) 1:250
DRILLED BY : Patrick DATE : 12/02/2021 Y-COORD : 28˚ 12’35.70˚"E
PROFILED BY : Martin Luruli DATE : 22/02/2021
HOLE No: PBH03
TYPE SET BY : M.L DATE : 22/02/2021 12:25
SETUP FILE : STANDARD.SET TEXT : ..gs\FleurLaerskoolBHs.txt
dotPLOT 7022
 Moonlite Engineering Consulting LEGEND
Dolomite Stability Investigation Sheet 1 of 1
Fleur Laerskool, Centurion
JOB NUMBER: RN-0-0121-02

GRAVELS {SA02}

SAND {SA04}

SILTY {SA07}

CLAY {SA08}

CLAYEY {SA09}

DOLOMITE {SA13}

CHERT {SA21}

ROOTS {SA40}

CONTRACTOR : INCLINATION : ELEVATION :

MACHINE : DIAM : X-COORD :
DRILLED BY : DATE : Y-COORD :
PROFILED BY : DATE :
LEGEND
TYPE SET BY : M.L DATE : 22/02/2021 12:25 SUMMARY OF SYMBOLS
SETUP FILE : STANDARD.SET TEXT : ..gs\FleurLaerskoolBHs.txt
IN DEMO MODE! dotPLOT 7022
Dolomite Stability and Geotechnical Investigation Report for the Proposed
Development of Fleur Laerskool at Centurion, Gauteng Province

APPENDIX D: DCP

Rafuni Geo-services, February 2021 31/39

 Geo-Services 9 Goldreef road
Ormonde, Johannesburg
Tel: 071 429 5542 Cell: 062 429 7668

DYNAMIC CONE PENETRATION TEST

CLIENT: MOONLITE CONSULTING

PROJECT: Fleur Learskool Getechnical Investigation & DSI
PROJECT NUMBER: RN-0121-02
PROJECT LOCATION: GAUTENG PROVINCE, CENTURION
OPERATOR: Mpho and Taki
STARTING DEPTH (From N.G.L.in "m") 0m
DATE 05/02/2021

TEST NO: DCP-01

GPS = TP1
NUMBER PENETRATION PENETRATION CBR UCS BEARING
OF DEPTH RATE VALUE VALUE CAPACITY DCP GRAPH
BLOWS [ mm ] [ mm / blow ] [%] [KPa] [KPa]-Allowable
0 0 0 0 0 0 PENETRATION PER BLOW (mm/blow)
5 -110 22 4,9 100 45 0 10 20 30 40 50
10 -340 46 1,6 45 20 0,00
15 -480 28 3,4 77 35
20 -532 10 15,1 226 102
25 -562 6 34,7 411 185
30 -600 8 24,3 318 143
35 -645 9 18,8 264 119
-200,00
40 -695 10 16,0 236 106
45 -732 7 25,3 327 147
50 -786 11 14,3 217 98
55 -822 7 26,3 337 152
60 -840 4 75,0 718 323
65 -850 2 182,2 1362 613 -400,00
DEPTH BELOW NATURAL GROUND LEVEL ( m )

70 -872 4 55,4 577 260

75 -895 5 51,8 550 247
80 -945 10 16,0 236 106
85 -985 8 22,5 301 135
90 -1020 7 27,5 348 156
-600,00
95 -1050 6 34,7 411 185

-800,00

-1000,00

-1200,00
9 19 260 117
 Geo-Services 9 Goldreef road
Ormonde, Johannesburg
Tel: 071 429 5542 Cell: 062 429 7668

DYNAMIC CONE PENETRATION TEST

CLIENT: MOONLITE CONSULTING

PROJECT: Fleur Learskool Geotechnical Investigation & DSI
PROJECT NUMBER: RN-0121-02
PROJECT LOCATION: GAUTENG PROVINCE, CENTURION
OPERATOR: Mpho and Taki
STARTING DEPTH (From N.G.L.in "m") 0m
DATE 05/02/2021

TEST NO: DCP-02

GPS = TP2
NUMBER PENETRATION PENETRATION CBR UCS BEARING
OF DEPTH RATE VALUE VALUE CAPACITY DCP GRAPH
BLOWS [ mm ] [ mm / blow ] [%] [KPa] [KPa]-Allowable
0 0 0 0 0 0 PENETRATION PER BLOW (mm/blow)
5 -180 36 2,3 58 26 0 20 40 60 80
10 -552 74 0,8 26 12 0,00
15 -643 18 6,5 123 55
20 -665 4 55,4 577 260
25 -690 5 45,7 502 226
30 -700 2 182,2 1362 613
35 -710 2 182,2 1362 613
-200,00
40 -725 3 98,8 876 394
45 -745 4 64,0 640 288
50 -763 4 75,0 718 323
55 -780 3 81,7 764 344
60 -816 7 26,3 337 152
65 -900 17 7,3 134 60 -400,00
DEPTH BELOW NATURAL GROUND LEVEL ( m )

70 -1000 20 5,6 111 50

-600,00

-800,00

-1000,00

-1200,00
2 154 1200 540
 Geo-Services 9 Goldreef road
Ormonde, Johannesburg
Tel: 071 429 5542 Cell: 062 429 7668

DYNAMIC CONE PENETRATION TEST

CLIENT: MOONLITE CONSULTING

PROJECT: Fleur Learskool Getechnical Investigation & DSI
PROJECT NUMBER: RN-0121-02
PROJECT LOCATION: GAUTENG PROVINCE, CENTURION
OPERATOR: Mpho and Taki
STARTING DEPTH (From N.G.L.in "m") 0m
DATE 05/02/2021

TEST NO: DCP-03

GPS = TP3
NUMBER PENETRATION PENETRATION CBR UCS BEARING
OF DEPTH RATE VALUE VALUE CAPACITY DCP GRAPH
BLOWS [ mm ] [ mm / blow ] [%] [KPa] [KPa]-Allowable
0 0 0 0 0 0 PENETRATION PER BLOW (mm/blow)
5 -130 26 3,8 83 37 0 20 40 60 80 100
10 -523 79 0,7 25 11 0,00
15 -622 20 5,7 112 50
20 -665 9 20,1 278 125
25 -706 8 21,6 293 132
30 -765 12 12,5 197 89
35 -823 12 12,8 201 90
-200,00
40 -862 8 23,3 309 139
45 -925 13 11,3 183 82
50 -940 3 98,8 876 394
55 -948 2 255,1 1737 782
60 -955 1 312,1 2010 904
65 -962 1 312,1 2010 904 -400,00
DEPTH BELOW NATURAL GROUND LEVEL ( m )

70 -968 1 393,9 2377 1070

75 -972 1 726,7 3699 1664
80 -985 3 122,6 1023 461
85 -1010 5 45,7 502 226
90 -1030 4 64,0 640 288
-600,00

-800,00

-1000,00

-1200,00
8 44 456 205
 Geo-Services 9 Goldreef road
Ormonde, Johannesburg
Tel: 071 429 5542 Cell: 062 429 7668

DYNAMIC CONE PENETRATION TEST

CLIENT: MOONLITE CONSULTING

PROJECT: Fleur Learskool Getechnical Investigation & DSI
PROJECT NUMBER: RN-0121-02
PROJECT LOCATION: GAUTENG PROVINCE, CENTURION
OPERATOR: Mpho and Taki
STARTING DEPTH (From N.G.L.in "m") 0m
DATE 05/02/2021

TEST NO: DCP-04

GPS = TP4
NUMBER PENETRATION PENETRATION CBR UCS BEARING
OF DEPTH RATE VALUE VALUE CAPACITY DCP GRAPH
BLOWS [ mm ] [ mm / blow ] [%] [KPa] [KPa]-Allowable
0 0 0 0 0 0 PENETRATION PER BLOW (mm/blow)
5 -120 24 4,3 91 41 0 20 40 60
10 -392 54 1,2 37 17 0,00
15 -435 9 20,1 278 125
20 -465 6 34,7 411 185
25 -515 10 16,0 236 106
30 -615 20 5,6 111 50
35 -773 32 2,8 67 30
-200,00
40 -995 44 1,7 46 21
45 -1000 1 518,8 2900 1305

-400,00
DEPTH BELOW NATURAL GROUND LEVEL ( m )

-600,00

-800,00

-1000,00

-1200,00
8 25 324 146
 Geo-Services 9 Goldreef road
Ormonde, Johannesburg
Tel: 071 429 5542 Cell: 062 429 7668

DYNAMIC CONE PENETRATION TEST

CLIENT: MOONLITE CONSULTING

PROJECT: Fleur Learskool Getechnical Investigation & DSI
PROJECT NUMBER: RN-0121-02
PROJECT LOCATION: GAUTENG PROVINCE, CENTURION
OPERATOR: Mpho and Taki
STARTING DEPTH (From N.G.L.in "m") 0m
DATE 05/02/2021

TEST NO: DCP-05

GPS = TP5
NUMBER PENETRATION PENETRATION CBR UCS BEARING
OF DEPTH RATE VALUE VALUE CAPACITY DCP GRAPH
BLOWS [ mm ] [ mm / blow ] [%] [KPa] [KPa]-Allowable
0 0 0 0 0 0 PENETRATION PER BLOW (mm/blow)
5 -143 29 3,3 75 34 0 20 40 60 80
10 -463 64 1,0 31 14 0,00
15 -553 18 6,6 124 56
20 -560 1 312,1 2010 904
25 -623 13 11,3 183 82
30 -675 10 15,1 226 102 -100,00
35 -712 7 25,3 327 147
40 -725 3 122,6 1023 461
45 -733 2 255,1 1737 782
50 -743 2 182,2 1362 613 -200,00
DEPTH BELOW NATURAL GROUND LEVEL ( m )

-300,00

-400,00

-500,00

-600,00

-700,00

-800,00
8 113 806 363
 Geo-Services 9 Goldreef road
Ormonde, Johannesburg
Tel: 071 429 5542 Cell: 062 429 7668

DYNAMIC CONE PENETRATION TEST

CLIENT: MOONLITE CONSULTING

PROJECT: Fleur Learskool Getechnical Investigation & DSI
PROJECT NUMBER: RN-0121-02
PROJECT LOCATION: GAUTENG PROVINCE, CENTURION
OPERATOR: Mpho and Taki
STARTING DEPTH (From N.G.L.in "m") 0m
DATE 05/02/2021

TEST NO: DCP-06

GPS = TP6
NUMBER PENETRATION PENETRATION CBR UCS BEARING
OF DEPTH RATE VALUE VALUE CAPACITY DCP GRAPH
BLOWS [ mm ] [ mm / blow ] [%] [KPa] [KPa]-Allowable
0 0 0 0 0 0 PENETRATION PER BLOW (mm/blow)
5 -130 26 3,8 83 37 0 10 20 30 40
10 -295 33 2,6 64 29 0,00
15 -355 12 12,2 193 87
20 -375 4 64,0 640 288
25 -395 4 64,0 640 288
-100,00
30 -445 10 16,0 236 106
35 -500 11 13,9 212 96
40 -530 6 34,7 411 185
-200,00
45 -555 5 45,7 502 226
50 -583 6 38,5 443 200
55 -610 5 40,7 461 208
60 -643 7 30,0 371 167 -300,00
65 -680 7 25,3 327 147
DEPTH BELOW NATURAL GROUND LEVEL ( m )

70 -753 15 9,1 156 70

75 -776 5 51,8 550 247 -400,00
80 -820 9 19,4 271 122
85 -885 13 10,8 177 80
90 -913 6 38,5 443 200
-500,00

-600,00

-700,00

-800,00

-900,00

-1000,00
6 40 452 203
 Geo-Services 9 Goldreef road
Ormonde, Johannesburg
Tel: 071 429 5542 Cell: 062 429 7668

DYNAMIC CONE PENETRATION TEST

CLIENT: MOONLITE CONSULTING

PROJECT: Fleur Learskool Getechnical Investigation & DSI
PROJECT NUMBER: RN-0121-02
PROJECT LOCATION: GAUTENG PROVINCE, CENTURION
OPERATOR: Mpho and Taki
STARTING DEPTH (From N.G.L.in "m") 0m
DATE 05/02/2021

TEST NO: DCP-07

GPS = TP7
NUMBER PENETRATION PENETRATION CBR UCS BEARING
OF DEPTH RATE VALUE VALUE CAPACITY DCP GRAPH
BLOWS [ mm ] [ mm / blow ] [%] [KPa] [KPa]-Allowable
0 0 0 0 0 0 PENETRATION PER BLOW (mm/blow)
5 -130 26 3,8 83 37 0 20 40 60 80
10 -493 73 0,8 27 12 0,00
15 -550 11 13,2 204 92
20 -576 5 43,0 481 216
25 -610 7 28,7 359 162
30 -640 6 34,7 411 185
35 -665 5 45,7 502 226
-200,00
40 -690 5 45,7 502 226
45 -723 7 30,0 371 167
50 -743 4 64,0 640 288
55 -767 5 48,6 525 236
60 -805 8 24,3 318 143
65 -842 7 25,3 327 147 -400,00
DEPTH BELOW NATURAL GROUND LEVEL ( m )

70 -875 7 30,0 371 167

75 -975 20 5,6 111 50
80 -1055 16 7,9 141 64

-600,00

-800,00

-1000,00

-1200,00
6 40 458 206
 Geo-Services 9 Goldreef road
Ormonde, Johannesburg
Tel: 071 429 5542 Cell: 062 429 7668

DYNAMIC CONE PENETRATION TEST

CLIENT: MOONLITE CONSULTING

PROJECT: Fleur Learskool Getechnical Investigation & DSI
PROJECT NUMBER: RN-0121-02
PROJECT LOCATION: GAUTENG PROVINCE, CENTURION
OPERATOR: Mpho and Taki
STARTING DEPTH (From N.G.L.in "m") 0m
DATE 05/02/2021

TEST NO: DCP-09

GPS = TP09
NUMBER PENETRATION PENETRATION CBR UCS BEARING
OF DEPTH RATE VALUE VALUE CAPACITY DCP GRAPH
BLOWS [ mm ] [ mm / blow ] [%] [KPa] [KPa]-Allowable
0 0 0 0 0 0 PENETRATION PER BLOW (mm/blow)
5 -135 27 3,6 80 36 0 20 40 60
10 -137 0 2069,6 7873 3543 0,00
15 -407 54 1,3 38 17
20 -475 14 10,1 169 76
25 -580 21 5,2 105 47
30 -660 16 7,9 141 64
35 -780 24 4,3 91 41
-200,00
40 -840 12 12,2 193 87
45 -885 9 18,8 264 119
50 -945 12 12,2 193 87
55 -985 8 22,5 301 135
60 -1015 6 34,7 411 185
65 -1060 9 18,8 264 119 -400,00
DEPTH BELOW NATURAL GROUND LEVEL ( m )

-600,00

-800,00

-1000,00

-1200,00
20 6 116 52
 Geo-Services 9 Goldreef road
Ormonde, Johannesburg
Tel: 071 429 5542 Cell: 062 429 7668

DYNAMIC CONE PENETRATION TEST

CLIENT: MOONLITE CONSULTING

PROJECT: Fleur Learskool Getechnical Investigation & DSI
PROJECT NUMBER: RN-0121-02
PROJECT LOCATION: GAUTENG PROVINCE, CENTURION
OPERATOR: Mpho and Taki
STARTING DEPTH (From N.G.L.in "m") 0m
DATE 05/02/2021

TEST NO: DCP-12

GPS = TP12
NUMBER PENETRATION PENETRATION CBR UCS BEARING
OF DEPTH RATE VALUE VALUE CAPACITY DCP GRAPH
BLOWS [ mm ] [ mm / blow ] [%] [KPa] [KPa]-Allowable
0 0 0 0 0 0 PENETRATION PER BLOW (mm/blow)
5 -120 24 4,3 91 41 0 10 20 30 40 50
10 -320 40 2,0 52 23 0,00
15 -470 30 3,1 71 32
20 -555 17 7,2 132 59
25 -717 32 2,7 65 29
30 -798 16 7,7 139 63
35 -865 13 10,3 171 77
-200,00
40 -980 23 4,6 95 43
45 -1050 14 9,6 163 74

-400,00
DEPTH BELOW NATURAL GROUND LEVEL ( m )

-600,00

-800,00

-1000,00

-1200,00
25 5 99 44
 Geo-Services 9 Goldreef road
Ormonde, Johannesburg
Tel: 071 429 5542 Cell: 062 429 7668

DYNAMIC CONE PENETRATION TEST

CLIENT: MOONLITE CONSULTING

PROJECT: Fleur Learskool Getechnical Investigation & DSI
PROJECT NUMBER: RN-0121-02
PROJECT LOCATION: GAUTENG PROVINCE, CENTURION
OPERATOR: Mpho and Taki
STARTING DEPTH (From N.G.L.in "m") 0m
DATE 05/02/2021

TEST NO: DCP-13

GPS = TP13
NUMBER PENETRATION PENETRATION CBR UCS BEARING
OF DEPTH RATE VALUE VALUE CAPACITY DCP GRAPH
BLOWS [ mm ] [ mm / blow ] [%] [KPa] [KPa]-Allowable
0 0 0 0 0 0 PENETRATION PER BLOW (mm/blow)
5 -115 23 4,6 95 43 0 10 20 30 40
10 -263 30 3,1 72 33 0,00
15 -363 20 5,6 111 50
20 -528 33 2,6 64 29
25 -632 21 5,3 106 48
30 -693 12 11,9 190 85
35 -792 20 5,7 112 50
-200,00
40 -890 20 5,8 113 51
45 -956 13 10,5 174 78
50 -1040 17 7,3 134 60

-400,00
DEPTH BELOW NATURAL GROUND LEVEL ( m )

-600,00

-800,00

-1000,00

-1200,00
22 7 120 54
Dolomite Stability and Geotechnical Investigation Report for the Proposed
Development of Fleur Laerskool at Centurion, Gauteng Province

APPENDIX E: GEOLOGICAL MAP

Rafuni Geo-services, February 2021 32/39

FLEUR LEARSKOOL - TSWANE SOUTH , GAUTENG PROVINCE

LOCALITY MAP

- Granite
- Conglomerate
- Dolomite
- Volcanic

SITE

RAFUNI PTY LTD

Geo-Services
9 Goldreef road
Orrmonde, Johannesburg
Gauteng Province
Tel: 061 429 7668
Cell: 071 307 5542
Email: [email protected]

Fleur Learskool - Rietfontein, Gauteng Province

Geotechnical Investigation

GEOLOGICAL MAP

29-01-2021 29-01-2021 29-01-2021

M Luruli, Bsc. Geology L. Netshilindi Pr.Sci.Nat L. Netshilindi, Pr.Sci.Nat

GEOLOGICAL MAP RN-

1 of 1
29-01-2021

NTS
Dolomite Stability and Geotechnical Investigation Report for the Proposed
Development of Fleur Laerskool at Centurion, Gauteng Province

APPENDIX F: LABORATORY RESULTS

Rafuni Geo-services, February 2021 33/39

 OUR REF : 92/RAF004-03/0001/21 DATE RECEIVED : 10-Feb-21
CLIENT : Rafuni (Pty) Ltd POSITION : TP1
PROJECT : Fluer Leer Skool LAYER : 400-1400mm
SAMPLE No. : S/6874

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION : Dark Red Brown

Silty Clayey Sandy Gravel

FOUNDATION INDICATOR - (SANS 3001-GR1, SANS 3001-GR10) & (ASTM Method D422)
Weighted PI 1.4 Specifc Gravity 2.55
100.0 100
POTENTIAL EXPANSIVENES PLASTICITY CHART
75.0 93
63.0 93 70
70
50.0 93 L M H
Cumulative percentage passing

e Very 60
37.5 88 60 o i
w d g High

PLASTICITY INDEX
PI OF WHOLE SAMPLE

28.0 85 50 i h
50 CASGRANDE "A" LINE
Sieve analysis

20.0 81 u
( mm )

40
14.0 79 40 m
CH
5.00 65 30
30

2.000 54 CL OH and MH
20
0.425 46 20
CL - ML
0.250 36 10 ML and OL
10
0.150 27 0
0.075 24 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
50 µm 19
5 µm 18 CLAY PERCENTAGE LIQUID LIMIT (LL)

2 µm 13.3
2.000 - 0.425 16
% < 2.00mm

PERFORMANCE AS WEARING COURSE

Soil Mortar

0.425 - 0.250 17
Analysis

550
0.250 - 0.150 18
500
0.150 - 0.075 18
< 0.075 32 450 Slippery

Effective size 0.002 400 Page 1/3

1830.2
SHRINKAGE PRODUCT

Uniformity Coefficient 350

Curvature Coefficient 4.5 Good - dusty
300
Oversize Index 12.0 Erodible
Shrinkage Product 45.6 250 Materials Ravels

Grading Coefficient 20.0 200

Good
Grading modulus 1.76 150
Liquid Limit 15 100
Atter-berg

Plasticity Index 3
Limits

50 Ravels and Corrugates

Linear Shrinkage 1.0
0
PI < 0.075 7 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Unified Soil Classification SM GRADING COEFFICIENT

U.S. Highway Classification A-1-b (0)

PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION

100

90
CUMULATIVE PERCENTACE PASSING

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
9.00
0.001

0.002

0.003

0.700

7.00
0.100

3.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

70.0
0.005

0.010

0.020

0.080

0.300

0.500
0.600

0.800

20.0

50.0
0.004

0.007

0.008
0.009

0.050

0.090

0.400

2.00

4.00

5.00

30.0

40.0

60.0

90.0
0.006

0.030

0.040

0.060

0.200

0.900
1.00

80.0
100.0
0.070

Silt Gravel
Cobbles

Sand
Clay
Fine Medium Coarse Fine Medium Coarse Fine Medium Coarse

SIEVE SIZE ( BY LOG SCALE )

CLAY (%) (0.001-0.002) SILT (%) (0.002-0.060) SAND (%) (0.060-2.00) GRAVEL (%) (2.00-60.0)
13.3 10.7 30.4 45.6
 OUR REF : 92/RAF004-03/0001/21 DATE RECEIVED : 10-Feb-21
CLIENT : Rafuni (Pty) Ltd POSITION : TP2
PROJECT : Fluer Leer Skool LAYER : 500-800mm
SAMPLE No. : S/6877

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION : Dark Brown

Silty Clayey Sandy Gravel

FOUNDATION INDICATOR - (SANS 3001-GR1, SANS 3001-GR10) & (ASTM Method D422)
Weighted PI 6.1 Specifc Gravity 2.48
100.0 100
POTENTIAL EXPANSIVENES PLASTICITY CHART
75.0 100
63.0 98 70
70
50.0 95 L M H
Cumulative percentage passing

e Very 60
37.5 90 60 o i
w d g High

PLASTICITY INDEX
PI OF WHOLE SAMPLE

28.0 84 50 i h
50 CASGRANDE "A" LINE
Sieve analysis

20.0 80 u
( mm )

40
14.0 78 40 m
CH
5.00 67 30
30

2.000 62 CL OH and MH
20
0.425 51 20
CL - ML
0.250 46 10 ML and OL
10
0.150 39 0
0.075 34 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
50 µm 29
5 µm 23 CLAY PERCENTAGE LIQUID LIMIT (LL)

2 µm 16.7
2.000 - 0.425 17
% < 2.00mm

PERFORMANCE AS WEARING COURSE

Soil Mortar

0.425 - 0.250 9
Analysis

550
0.250 - 0.150 11
500
0.150 - 0.075 9
< 0.075 54 450 Slippery

Effective size 0.002 400 Page 1/3

879.2
SHRINKAGE PRODUCT

Uniformity Coefficient 350

Curvature Coefficient 0.9 Good - dusty
300
Oversize Index 9.9 Erodible
Shrinkage Product 306.4 250 Materials Ravels

Grading Coefficient 15.2 200

Good
Grading modulus 1.53 150
Liquid Limit 26 100
Atter-berg

Plasticity Index 12
Limits

50 Ravels and Corrugates

Linear Shrinkage 6.0
0
PI < 0.075 16 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Unified Soil Classification SC GRADING COEFFICIENT

U.S. Highway Classification A-2-6 (0)

PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION

100

90
CUMULATIVE PERCENTACE PASSING

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
9.00
0.001

0.002

0.003

0.700

7.00
0.100

3.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

70.0
0.005

0.010

0.020

0.080

0.300

0.500
0.600

0.800

20.0

50.0
0.004

0.007

0.008
0.009

0.050

0.090

0.400

2.00

4.00

5.00

30.0

40.0

60.0

90.0
0.006

0.030

0.040

0.060

0.200

0.900
1.00

80.0
100.0
0.070

Silt Gravel
Cobbles

Sand
Clay
Fine Medium Coarse Fine Medium Coarse Fine Medium Coarse

SIEVE SIZE ( BY LOG SCALE )

CLAY (%) (0.001-0.002) SILT (%) (0.002-0.060) SAND (%) (0.060-2.00) GRAVEL (%) (2.00-60.0)
16.7 13.8 31.1 38.4
 OUR REF : 92/RAF004-03/0001/21 DATE RECEIVED : 10-Feb-21
CLIENT : Rafuni (Pty) Ltd POSITION : TP8
PROJECT : Fluer Leer Skool LAYER : 250-850mm
SAMPLE No. : S/6875

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION : Light Red Brown

Clayey Sandy Gravel

FOUNDATION INDICATOR - (SANS 3001-GR1, SANS 3001-GR10) & (ASTM Method D422)
Weighted PI - Specifc Gravity 2.56
100.0 100
POTENTIAL EXPANSIVENES PLASTICITY CHART
75.0 100
63.0 100 70
70
50.0 97 L M H
Cumulative percentage passing

e Very 60
37.5 94 60 o i
w d g High

PLASTICITY INDEX
PI OF WHOLE SAMPLE

28.0 92 50 i h
50 CASGRANDE "A" LINE
Sieve analysis

20.0 89 u
( mm )

40
14.0 86 40 m
CH
5.00 72 30
30

2.000 59 CL OH and MH
20
0.425 44 20
CL - ML
0.250 41 10 ML and OL
10
0.150 33 0
0.075 25 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
50 µm 23
5 µm 17 CLAY PERCENTAGE LIQUID LIMIT (LL)

2 µm 13.8
2.000 - 0.425 26
% < 2.00mm

PERFORMANCE AS WEARING COURSE

Soil Mortar

0.425 - 0.250 5
Analysis

550
0.250 - 0.150 13
500
0.150 - 0.075 14
< 0.075 42 450 Slippery

Effective size 0.002 400 Page 1/3

1104.8
SHRINKAGE PRODUCT

Uniformity Coefficient 350

Curvature Coefficient 3.5 Good - dusty
300
Oversize Index 6.4 Erodible
Shrinkage Product 0 250 Materials Ravels

Grading Coefficient 23.5 200

Good
Grading modulus 1.72 150
Liquid Limit - 100
Atter-berg

Plasticity Index NP
Limits

50 Ravels and Corrugates

Linear Shrinkage -
0
PI < 0.075 NP 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Unified Soil Classification SM GRADING COEFFICIENT

U.S. Highway Classification A-1-b (0)

PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION

100

90
CUMULATIVE PERCENTACE PASSING

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
9.00
0.001

0.002

0.003

0.700

7.00
0.100

3.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

70.0
0.005

0.010

0.020

0.080

0.300

0.500
0.600

0.800

20.0

50.0
0.004

0.007

0.008
0.009

0.050

0.090

0.400

2.00

4.00

5.00

30.0

40.0

60.0

90.0
0.006

0.030

0.040

0.060

0.200

0.900
1.00

80.0
100.0
0.070

Silt Gravel
Cobbles

Sand
Clay
Fine Medium Coarse Fine Medium Coarse Fine Medium Coarse

SIEVE SIZE ( BY LOG SCALE )

CLAY (%) (0.001-0.002) SILT (%) (0.002-0.060) SAND (%) (0.060-2.00) GRAVEL (%) (2.00-60.0)
13.8 9.9 35.4 40.9
 OUR REF : 92/RAF004-03/0001/21 DATE RECEIVED : 10-Feb-21
CLIENT : Rafuni (Pty) Ltd POSITION : TP13
PROJECT : Fluer Leer Skool LAYER : 300-2000mm
SAMPLE No. : S/6879

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION : Dark Red Brown

Sandy Gravel

FOUNDATION INDICATOR - (SANS 3001-GR1, SANS 3001-GR10) & (ASTM Method D422)
Weighted PI 1.7 Specifc Gravity 2.51
100.0 100
POTENTIAL EXPANSIVENES PLASTICITY CHART
75.0 100
63.0 100 70
70
50.0 97 L M H
Cumulative percentage passing

e Very 60
37.5 85 60 o i
w d g High

PLASTICITY INDEX
PI OF WHOLE SAMPLE

28.0 79 50 i h
50 CASGRANDE "A" LINE
Sieve analysis

20.0 72 u
( mm )

40
14.0 63 40 m
CH
5.00 39 30
30

2.000 33 CL OH and MH
20
0.425 28 20
CL - ML
0.250 25 10 ML and OL
10
0.150 21 0
0.075 18 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
50 µm 17
5 µm 12 CLAY PERCENTAGE LIQUID LIMIT (LL)

2 µm 9.4
2.000 - 0.425 14
% < 2.00mm

PERFORMANCE AS WEARING COURSE

Soil Mortar

0.425 - 0.250 11
Analysis

550
0.250 - 0.150 10
500
0.150 - 0.075 9
< 0.075 55 450 Slippery

Effective size 0.003 400 Page 1/3

4912.8
SHRINKAGE PRODUCT

Uniformity Coefficient 350

Curvature Coefficient 34.9 Good - dusty
300
Oversize Index 14.8 Erodible
Shrinkage Product 84.2 250 Materials Ravels

Grading Coefficient 18.3 200

Good
Grading modulus 2.21 150
Liquid Limit 18 100
Atter-berg

Plasticity Index 6
Limits

50 Ravels and Corrugates

Linear Shrinkage 3.0
0
PI < 0.075 10 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Unified Soil Classification GM & GC GRADING COEFFICIENT

U.S. Highway Classification A-1-b (0)

PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION

100

90
CUMULATIVE PERCENTACE PASSING

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
9.00
0.001

0.002

0.003

0.700

7.00
0.100

3.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

70.0
0.005

0.010

0.020

0.080

0.300

0.500
0.600

0.800

20.0

50.0
0.004

0.007

0.008
0.009

0.050

0.090

0.400

2.00

4.00

5.00

30.0

40.0

60.0

90.0
0.006

0.030

0.040

0.060

0.200

0.900
1.00

80.0
100.0
0.070

Silt Gravel
Cobbles

Sand
Clay
Fine Medium Coarse Fine Medium Coarse Fine Medium Coarse

SIEVE SIZE ( BY LOG SCALE )

CLAY (%) (0.001-0.002) SILT (%) (0.002-0.060) SAND (%) (0.060-2.00) GRAVEL (%) (2.00-60.0)
9.4 7.5 15.8 67.3
 OUR REF : 92/RAF004-03/0001/21 DATE RECEIVED : 10-Feb-21
CLIENT : Rafuni (Pty) Ltd POSITION : TP14
PROJECT : Fluer Leer Skool LAYER : 300-800mm
SAMPLE No. : S/6878

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION : Dark Red Brown

Sandy Gravel

FOUNDATION INDICATOR - (SANS 3001-GR1, SANS 3001-GR10) & (ASTM Method D422)
Weighted PI 2.0 Specifc Gravity 2.49
100.0 100
POTENTIAL EXPANSIVENES PLASTICITY CHART
75.0 100
63.0 100 70
70
50.0 94 L M H
Cumulative percentage passing

e Very 60
37.5 91 60 o i
w d g High

PLASTICITY INDEX
PI OF WHOLE SAMPLE

28.0 87 50 i h
50 CASGRANDE "A" LINE
Sieve analysis

20.0 84 u
( mm )

40
14.0 80 40 m
CH
5.00 53 30
30

2.000 43 CL OH and MH
20
0.425 34 20
CL - ML
0.250 27 10 ML and OL
10
0.150 21 0
0.075 17 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
50 µm 15
5 µm 12 CLAY PERCENTAGE LIQUID LIMIT (LL)

2 µm 8.6
2.000 - 0.425 22
% < 2.00mm

PERFORMANCE AS WEARING COURSE

Soil Mortar

0.425 - 0.250 14
Analysis

550
0.250 - 0.150 16
500
0.150 - 0.075 14
< 0.075 34 450 Slippery

Effective size 0.003 400 Page 1/3

2284.1
SHRINKAGE PRODUCT

Uniformity Coefficient 350

Curvature Coefficient 4.3 Good - dusty
300
Oversize Index 9.4 Erodible
Shrinkage Product 100.8 250 Materials Ravels

Grading Coefficient 23.4 200

Good
Grading modulus 2.06 150
Liquid Limit 17 100
Atter-berg

Plasticity Index 6
Limits

50 Ravels and Corrugates

Linear Shrinkage 3.0
0
PI < 0.075 10 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Unified Soil Classification SM & SC GRADING COEFFICIENT

U.S. Highway Classification A-1-b (0)

PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION

100

90
CUMULATIVE PERCENTACE PASSING

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
9.00
0.001

0.002

0.003

0.700

7.00
0.100

3.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

70.0
0.005

0.010

0.020

0.080

0.300

0.500
0.600

0.800

20.0

50.0
0.004

0.007

0.008
0.009

0.050

0.090

0.400

2.00

4.00

5.00

30.0

40.0

60.0

90.0
0.006

0.030

0.040

0.060

0.200

0.900
1.00

80.0
100.0
0.070

Silt Gravel
Cobbles

Sand
Clay
Fine Medium Coarse Fine Medium Coarse Fine Medium Coarse

SIEVE SIZE ( BY LOG SCALE )

CLAY (%) (0.001-0.002) SILT (%) (0.002-0.060) SAND (%) (0.060-2.00) GRAVEL (%) (2.00-60.0)
8.6 8.2 26.3 56.9
 OUR REF : 92/RAF004-03/0001/21 DATE RECEIVED : 10-Feb-21
CLIENT : Rafuni (Pty) Ltd POSITION : TP15
PROJECT : Fluer Leer Skool LAYER : 200-700mm
SAMPLE No. : S/6880

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION : Dark Red Brown

Silty Clayey Sandy Gravel

FOUNDATION INDICATOR - (SANS 3001-GR1, SANS 3001-GR10) & (ASTM Method D422)
Weighted PI 3.0 Specifc Gravity 2.61
100.0 100
POTENTIAL EXPANSIVENES PLASTICITY CHART
75.0 100
63.0 100 70
70
50.0 99 L M H
Cumulative percentage passing

e Very 60
37.5 98 60 o i
w d g High

PLASTICITY INDEX
PI OF WHOLE SAMPLE

28.0 94 50 i h
50 CASGRANDE "A" LINE
Sieve analysis

20.0 87 u
( mm )

40
14.0 83 40 m
CH
5.00 65 30
30

2.000 53 CL OH and MH
20
0.425 42 20
CL - ML
0.250 37 10 ML and OL
10
0.150 32 0
0.075 29 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
50 µm 25
5 µm 18 CLAY PERCENTAGE LIQUID LIMIT (LL)

2 µm 13.9
2.000 - 0.425 20
% < 2.00mm

PERFORMANCE AS WEARING COURSE

Soil Mortar

0.425 - 0.250 10
Analysis

550
0.250 - 0.150 9
500
0.150 - 0.075 7
< 0.075 55 450 Slippery

Effective size 0.002 400 Page 1/3

1895.8
SHRINKAGE PRODUCT

Uniformity Coefficient 350

Curvature Coefficient 1.4 Good - dusty
300
Oversize Index 2.1 Erodible
Shrinkage Product 147.6 250 Materials Ravels

Grading Coefficient 26.8 200

Good
Grading modulus 1.76 150
Liquid Limit 20 100
Atter-berg

Plasticity Index 7
Limits

50 Ravels and Corrugates

Linear Shrinkage 3.5
0
PI < 0.075 9 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Unified Soil Classification SM & SC GRADING COEFFICIENT

U.S. Highway Classification A-2-4 (0)

PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION

100

90
CUMULATIVE PERCENTACE PASSING

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
9.00
0.001

0.002

0.003

0.700

7.00
0.100

3.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

70.0
0.005

0.010

0.020

0.080

0.300

0.500
0.600

0.800

20.0

50.0
0.004

0.007

0.008
0.009

0.050

0.090

0.400

2.00

4.00

5.00

30.0

40.0

60.0

90.0
0.006

0.030

0.040

0.060

0.200

0.900
1.00

80.0
100.0
0.070

Silt Gravel
Cobbles

Sand
Clay
Fine Medium Coarse Fine Medium Coarse Fine Medium Coarse

SIEVE SIZE ( BY LOG SCALE )

CLAY (%) (0.001-0.002) SILT (%) (0.002-0.060) SAND (%) (0.060-2.00) GRAVEL (%) (2.00-60.0)
13.9 11.9 26.7 47.5
 OUR REF : 92/RAF004-03/0001/21 DATE RECEIVED : 10-Feb-21
CLIENT : Rafuni (Pty) Ltd POSITION : TP16
PROJECT : Fluer Leer Skool LAYER : 50-550mm
SAMPLE No. : S/6876

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION : Dark Red Orange

Clayey Sandy Gravel

FOUNDATION INDICATOR - (SANS 3001-GR1, SANS 3001-GR10) & (ASTM Method D422)
Weighted PI 1.9 Specifc Gravity 2.61
100.0 100
POTENTIAL EXPANSIVENES PLASTICITY CHART
75.0 91
63.0 87 70
70
50.0 87 L M H
Cumulative percentage passing

e Very 60
37.5 80 60 o i
w d g High

PLASTICITY INDEX
PI OF WHOLE SAMPLE

28.0 74 50 i h
50 CASGRANDE "A" LINE
Sieve analysis

20.0 66 u
( mm )

40
14.0 62 40 m
CH
5.00 45 30
30

2.000 36 CL OH and MH
20
0.425 31 20
CL - ML
0.250 28 10 ML and OL
10
0.150 24 0
0.075 19 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
50 µm 18
5 µm 15 CLAY PERCENTAGE LIQUID LIMIT (LL)

2 µm 12.2
2.000 - 0.425 14
% < 2.00mm

PERFORMANCE AS WEARING COURSE

Soil Mortar

0.425 - 0.250 9
Analysis

550
0.250 - 0.150 11
500
0.150 - 0.075 12
< 0.075 54 450 Slippery

Effective size 0.002 400 Page 1/3

6483.1
SHRINKAGE PRODUCT

Uniformity Coefficient 350

Curvature Coefficient 5.4 Good - dusty
300
Oversize Index 19.8 Erodible
Shrinkage Product 92.8 250 Materials Ravels

Grading Coefficient 17.1 200

Good
Grading modulus 2.14 150
Liquid Limit 19 100
Atter-berg

Plasticity Index 6
Limits

50 Ravels and Corrugates

Linear Shrinkage 3.0
0
PI < 0.075 12 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Unified Soil Classification GM & GC GRADING COEFFICIENT

U.S. Highway Classification A-1-b (0)

PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION

100

90
CUMULATIVE PERCENTACE PASSING

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
9.00
0.001

0.002

0.003

0.700

7.00
0.100

3.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

70.0
0.005

0.010

0.020

0.080

0.300

0.500
0.600

0.800

20.0

50.0
0.004

0.007

0.008
0.009

0.050

0.090

0.400

2.00

4.00

5.00

30.0

40.0

60.0

90.0
0.006

0.030

0.040

0.060

0.200

0.900
1.00

80.0
100.0
0.070

Silt Gravel
Cobbles

Sand
Clay
Fine Medium Coarse Fine Medium Coarse Fine Medium Coarse

SIEVE SIZE ( BY LOG SCALE )

CLAY (%) (0.001-0.002) SILT (%) (0.002-0.060) SAND (%) (0.060-2.00) GRAVEL (%) (2.00-60.0)
12.2 6.1 17.7 64.0
 92/RAF004-03/0001/21 RG 15747 Date - 2021/02/11

Rafuni (Pty) Ltd

P.O Box 3242
Shayandima
945

Attention: Ms. N Lufuno

Dear Sir

Test Report : FLUER LEER SKOOL - CBR TEST RESULTS (TRACK NO 14309)

Please find the attached test results for the sample/s as submitted to and tested by Roadlab (PTY)Ltd. In Primrose, Germiston.
The unambiguous description of the sample/s as received are as follows :

SAMPLE INFORMATION & PROPERTIES

SAMPLE No. 2021/S6877 2021/S6878 2021/S6879 2021/S6880
CONTAINER USED FOR SAMPLING Clients Bags Clients Bags Clients Bags Clients Bags
SIZE / WEIGHT OF SAMPLE ±70kg's ±70kg's ±70kg's ±70kg's
MOISTURE CONDITION OF
Slightly Moist Slightly Moist Slightly Moist Slightly Moist
SAMPLE ON ARRIVAL
HOLE No. / Km. / CHAINAGE Not Specified Not Specified Not Specified Not Specified
ROAD No. OR NAME TP2 TP14 TP13 TP15
LAYER TESTED / SAMPLED FROM 500-800mm 300-800mm 300-2000mm 200-700mm
DATE SAMPLED 2021/02/10 2021/02/10 2021/02/10 2021/02/10
DATE RECEIVED 2021/02/10 2021/02/10 2021/02/10 2021/02/10
CLIENTS MARKING None None None None
DESCRIPTION Dark Brown Dark Red Brown Dark Red Brown Dark Red Brown
OF Silty Clayey Sandy Sandy Gravel Chert Silty Clayey Sandy
SAMPLE Gravel Gravel
(COLOUR & TYPE)
GRADING ANALYSIS - % PASSING SIEVES (SANS : METHOD GR1:2010)
75.0 100 100 100 100
SIEVE 63.0 98 100 100 100
50.0 95 94 97 99
37.5 90 91 85 98
ANA - 28.0 84 87 79 94
20.0 80 84 72 87
14.0 78 80 63 83
LYSIS 5.00 67 53 39 65
(mm) 2.00 62 43 33 53
(SANS GR1:2010) 0.425 51 34 28 42
0.075 34 17 18 29
SANS 3001 - PR5
Soil Mortar 62 43 33 51
Coarse Sand 18 23 15 20
Fine Sand 27 42 30 25
Coarse Fine Sand 8 14 9 10
Medium Fine Sand 11 16 12 10
Fine Fine Sand 8 12 9 6
Silt & Clay 55 35 55 55
Coarse Sand Ratio 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1
ATTERBERG LIMITS ANALYSIS (SANS : METHOD GR10 ; GR11)
ATTERBERG LL% 26.0 17.0 18.0 20.0
LIMITS P.I. 12.0 6.0 6.0 7.0
(SANS GR10; GR11) LS% 6.0 3.0 3.0 3.5
GM 1.53 2.06 2.21 1.76
H.R.B.* A-2-6(0) A-1-b(0) A-1-b(0) A-2-4(0)
CLASSIFI -
COLTO* G8 G7 G6 G8
CATION
T.R.H. 14* G9 G7 G7 G8
CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO (SANS : METHOD GR40) / UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (SANS : METHOD GR53) (ITS GR54)
MOD AASHTO OMC% 11.8 9.6 9.1 10.4
(SANS GR30) MDD(KG/M3) 1988 2047 2067 2041
COMP MC % 11.8 9.6 9.1 10.4
% SWELL 0.70 0.26 0.16 0.35
C.B.R. 100% 29 24 72 39
(SANS GR40) 98% 22 23 52 27
97% 18 21 44 23
U.C.S. 95% 14 20 32 16
(SANS GR53) 93% 10 20 24 14
MPA 90% 7 19 15 10
MOD ITS : DRY (kPa) (GR54) N/A N/A N/A N/A
ITS @ 95% : DRY (kPa) N/A N/A N/A N/A
STABILISED IN LAB
WITH ON SITE Neat Neat Neat Neat
TEST TYPE F.Ind / CBR F.Ind / CBR F.Ind / CBR F.Ind / CBR
SAMPLED BY Client Client Client Client
DELIVERED BY Client Client Client Client
SAMPLING METHOD TMH5 - MB1 TMH5 - MB1 TMH5 - MB1 TMH5 - MB1
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION
Hot Hot Hot Hot
WHEN SAMPLED
REMARKS & NOTES None None None None

Kind Regards Remarks :

*Opinions & Interpretations are not included in our schedule of Accreditation
SANAS Accredited Laboratory No. T 0296
The samples were subjected to analysis according to SANS 3001
The results reported relate only to the sample tested
Further use of the above information is not the responsibility or liability of Roadlab
Mr. N Herbst / Mr R Potgieter Documents may only be reproduced or published in their full context
TECHNICAL SIGNATORY / MANAGER Compiled By : Linda van Niekerk

Page 1of1 RLG.s.029.01

 Facilities to print on provided letterheads

92/RAF004-03/0001/21 Job no- RG 15747 Date- 2021/02/15

Rafuni (Pty) Ltd

P.O.Box 3242
Shayandima
945

ATTENTION: Ms N Lufuno

Test Report : FLUER LEER SKOOL - pH & CONDUCTIVITY TEST RESULTS

Clients Marking: None Date Sampled: 2021/02/10

Sample Number: S/6875 - S/6876
Sample delivered to: Roadlab Date Received: 2021/02/10

Temperature Conductivity Temperature

Sample Number Layer / Road : pH Value
(oC) : Conductivity (ms/m) (oC) : pH

2021/S6875 TP08:250-850mm 24.0 10.0 24.0 7.78

2021/S6876 TP16:50-550mm 24.0 18.0 24.0 7.76

PAGE 1/1

Remarks :
Kind Regards The samples were subjected to analysis according to TMH 1
The results reported relate only to the sample tested
Further use of the above information is not the responsibility or liability of Roadlab
Documents may only be reproduced or published in their full context
Mr N Herbst / Mr R Potgieter Compiled By : Linda van Niekerk
Technical Signatory / Manager

Page 1 of 1 RLG.s.037.01
Dolomite Stability and Geotechnical Investigation Report for the Proposed
Development of Fleur Laerskool at Centurion, Gauteng Province

APPENDIX G: DRILLERS LOGS

Rafuni Geo-services, February 2021 34/39

Dolomite Stability and Geotechnical Investigation Report for the Proposed
Development of Fleur Laerskool at Centurion, Gauteng Province

APPENDIX H: GEOTECHNICAL ZONING MAP

Rafuni Geo-services, February 2021 35/39

FLEUR LEARSKOOL - LYTTELTON, TSWANE SOUTH - GAUTENG PROVINCE

GEOTECH ZONES
ZONE 1 : R / C1 - C2 ZONE 1
ZONE 2 : H2 - H3 / S - S1 / P
ZONE3 A:
ZONE R - S2 / P
: S1
ZONE 2
ZONE B: C1-C2/S1-S2

ZONE 3

ZONE 2

RAFUNI (Pty) Ltd

ZONE 3 9 GOLD REEF ROAD
ORMONDE,JOHANESBURG
GAUTENG PROVINCE
Tel: 061 429 7668
Cell: 071 307 5542
Email: [email protected]

Fleur Learskool - Lyttelton Tswane South,

Centurion - Gauteng Province

Geotechnical Investigation

ZONE 2 GEOTECH ZONES

20-02-2021 20-02-2021 20-02-2021

M M Luruli, Bsc Geol L Netshilindi, Pr Sci. Nat L Netshilindi, Pr Sci. Nat

GEOTECHNICAL ZONING CLASSIFICATION (NHBRC) RN-0221-02

1 of 1
20-FEB-2021

NTS
Dolomite Stability and Geotechnical Investigation Report for the Proposed
Development of Fleur Laerskool at Centurion, Gauteng Province

APPENDIX I: MODIFIED MERCALLI EARTHQUAKE CLASSIFICATION

TABLE

Rafuni Geo-services, February 2021 36/39

 Geotechnical Investigation Report for the Proposed Development of Fleur Laerskool,
Centurion – Gauteng Province

Classification of Earthquakes in terms of Modified Mercalli Scale Table

Intensity Approximate
I Scale Peak Ground
Description of Outcome of Quake Acceleration (g)
I. Not felt, except by a very few under, especially favourable circumstances. Marginal and
longeriod effects of lar e earth uakes. 0.001 g
II. Felt by a few persons at rest, especially on upper floors of buildings, or favourable
places. Sus ended ob•ects ma swin sli htl . 0.001 g-O.002 g
III. Felt quite noticeably indoors, especially on upper floors of buildings, but many people do
not recognize it is an earthquake. Hanging objects swing. Vibration like passing of light
trucks. Standing motor vehicles may rock slightly. Duration estimated. May not be
recognized as an earth uake. 0.002 g-O.005 g
IV. During the day felt indoors by many, outdoors by few. At night some awakened. Hanging
objects swing. Vibrations like passing of heavy trucks, or sensation of a jolt like a heavy
ball I truck striking the walls. Standing motor cars rock. Windows, dishes, doors rattle.
Glasses clink. Crock clashes. In theu er ran e of IV, wooden walls and frame make creaki
sound. 0.005 g-o.01 g

V. Felt by nearly everyone indoors and outdoors, many sleepers awakened.Direction

estimated. Liquids disturbed, some spilled. Small unstable objects displaced or upset.
Doors swing, close, open. Shutters, pictures move. Disturbances of trees, poles and
other tall objects sometimes noticed. Pendulum clocks sto start chan e rate. 0.01 g-O.02 g
VI. Felt by alt. Many frightened and run outdoors. People walk unsteadily. Windows, dishes,
glassware broken. Knickknacks, books, etc., off shelves. Pictures off walls. Some heavy
furniture moved or overturned. Weak plaster and masonry D cracked, some chimneys
broken. Small bells rin church school . Trees, bushes shaken visible or heard to rustle. 0.02 g-O.044 g
Everyone runs outdoors. Difficult to stand. Noticed by drivers of motor cars. Hanging
objects quiver. Furniture broken. Damage to masonry D, including cracks. Weak
chimneys broken at roof line. Fall of plaster, loose bricks, stones, tiles, cornices,
VII.
unbraced parapets and architectural ornaments. Some cracks in masonry C. Waves on
ponds; water turbid with mud. Small slides and caving in along sand or gravel banks.
Large bells ring. Concrete irrigation ditches dama e. 0.044 g—0.094 g
Steering of motor cars affected. Damage to masonry C; paftial collapse. Some damage to
masonry B, none to masonry A. Fall of stucco and some masonry walls. Twisting, fatl of
chimneys, factory stacks, monuments, towers and elevated tanks. Frame houses moved
VIII.
on foundations if not bolted down; loose panel walls thrown out. Decayed piling broken
off. Branches broken from trees. Changes in flow or temperature of springs and wells.
Sand and mud e•ected in small amounts. Cracks in wet round and on stee slo es. 0.094 g-O.202 g
IX. Damage considerable in specially designed structures, well designed frame structures
thrown out of plumb, great in substantial buildings, with partial collapse. Buildings
shifted off foundations. Ground cracked cons icuousl . Under round i es broken. 0.202 g-O.432 g
Some well-built wooden structures destroyed, most masonry and frame structures
X. destroyed with foundations, ground badly cracked. Rails bent. Landslides considerable
from riverbanks and stee sto . Shifted sand and mud. Water slashed slo ed over banks. >0.432 g
XI. Few, if any (masonry) structures remain standing. Bridges destroyed. Broad fissures in
ground. Underground pipelines completely out of service. Earth slump and land slips in
soft ground. Rails bent reatl .
Damage total. Waves seen on ground surfaces. Lines of sight and level distorted. Objects
XII.
thrown u ward into the air.
Mason:y A. Good workmanship, mortar. and design; reinforced, especially laterally, and bound together using steel,
concrete, etc.; designed to resist lateral forces.
Masonry B. Good workmanship and mortar; rehforced, but not designed in detail to resist lateral forces.
Mason:y C. Ordinary workmanship and mortar; no extreme weaknesses like failing to tie in at corners, but neither
reinforced nor designed against horizontal forces.
Masonry D. Weak materials, such as adobe; poor mortar; low standards of workmanship; weak horizontally.
Dolomite Stability and Geotechnical Investigation Report for the Proposed
Development of Fleur Laerskool at Centurion, Gauteng Province

APPENDIX J: URBAN DEVELOPMENT CLASSIFICATION TABLE

Rafuni Geo-services, February 2021 37/39

Geotechnical Investigation Report for the Proposed Development of Fleur Laerskool, – Centurion,
Gauteng Province

Geotechnical Classification for Urban Development (after Partridge, Wood and Brink)
CONSTRAINT Most favorable (I) Intermediate (2) Least favorable (3)
A Collapsible Soil Any collapsible horizon or Any collapsible horizon A least favorable situation for
consecutive horizons totaling or consecutive horizons this constrains does not
a depth of less than 750mm with a depth of more occur
in thickness* than 750mm in
B Seepage Permanent or perched Permanent or perched Swamps and marshes
water table more than 1 water table less than I ,5m
below ground surface below
C Active Soil Low sol-heave potential Moderate soil heave High soil heave
anticipated potential anticipated potential
anticipated
D Compressible Low soil Moderate soil High sol compressibility
compressibility compressibility anticipated anticipated
anticipated
E Erodibility of soil Intermediate
F Difficulty of Scattered or occasional Rock or hardpan Rock or hardpan pedocretes
excavation to boulders less than 10% of pedocretes between 10 more than 40% of the total
1.5m depth the total volume. and 40% of the total volume
volume
G Undermined Undermining at a depth Old undermined areas to Mining within less than 90-
ground greater than 240m below a depth of 90-240 m 240 m of surface or where
surface (except where below surface where total extraction mining has
total) fraction mining has stope closure has ceased taken place.
not occurred.
H Stability: Possibly stable. Areas of Potentially characterized Known sinkholes and
(Dolomite & dolomite overlain by Karoo by instability. Anticipated dollnes. Anticipated Inherent
Limestone) rocks or intruded by sills. inherent Classes 2 — 5. Risk Classes 6
Areas of Black Reef rods.
Anticipated Inherent Risk
Class I
I Steep slopes Between 2 and 6 degrees Slopes between 6 and More than 18 degrees (Natal
(all regions) 18 degrees and less and
than 2 degrees (Natal Western Cape)
and Western Cape) More than 12 degrees (all
Slopes between 6 other regions)
and 12 degrees and
less than 2 (all other
regions)
J Areas of unstable Low risk Intermediate risk High risk (especially in
natural slopes areas subject to seismic
Geotechnical Investigation Report for the Proposed Development of Fleur Laerskool, – Centurion,
Gauteng Province
activity)

K Areas subject to 10% probability of an event Mining-induced seismic Natural seismic activity more
2 2
seismic a less than 100 cm/s² within activity more 100 cm/s than 100 cm/s
50 years.
L Areas subject to A "most favorable" situation Areas adjacent to a Areas within a known
flooding for this constrain does not known drainage drainage channel or
occur channel or floodplain floodplain
with slope less than 1%
• These areas are designated as 1A, 1C, 1D, or 1F where localized occurrences of the constraint may arise.

Example: A sub-area designated as Zone 2BF would be an intermediate class with anticipated seepage and
excavation problems. A sub-area designated as Zone 3B would be designated as least favorable and not
recommended for development due to surface water inundation.
Dolomite Stability and Geotechnical Investigation Report for the Proposed
Development of Fleur Laerskool at Centurion, Gauteng Province

APPENDIX K: SITE PICTURE

Rafuni Geo-services, February 2021 38/39

Preliminary Geotechnical Investigation and Dolomite Stability Investigation Report
for the Proposed Development of Fleur Learskool / Primary School, Lyttelton,
Centurion - Gauteng Province

Picture 1: Cracked wall and Bridge

Picture 2: Basaltic outcrop

Preliminary Geotechnical Investigation and Dolomite Stability Investigation Report
for the Proposed Development of Fleur Learskool / Primary School, Lyttelton,
Centurion - Gauteng Province

Picture 3: Test Pit no.3

Picture 4 : Cracked wall at the corner

Preliminary Geotechnical Investigation and Dolomite Stability Investigation Report
for the Proposed Development of Fleur Learskool / Primary School, Lyttelton,
Centurion - Gauteng Province

Picture 5 : Continuous Crack

Picture 6 : Cracks from the foundation to the air bricks

Preliminary Geotechnical Investigation and Dolomite Stability Investigation Report
for the Proposed Development of Fleur Learskool / Primary School, Lyttelton,
Centurion - Gauteng Province

Picture no 7 : Strip Foundation and Dolomite Fill

Picture no.8 : Strip foundation and Residual Dolomite Fill at TP 16

Picture no.9 : Strip Foundation and Residual Dolomite Fill at TP5

Preliminary Geotechnical Investigation and Dolomite Stability Investigation Report
for the Proposed Development of Fleur Learskool / Primary School, Lyttelton,
Centurion - Gauteng Province

Picture no.10 : Concrete Footing of the staircase with Residual Dolomite

Picture no.11 : TP 10 Residual Chert

Preliminary Geotechnical Investigation and Dolomite Stability Investigation Report
for the Proposed Development of Fleur Learskool / Primary School, Lyttelton,
Centurion - Gauteng Province

Picture no.12 : Dolomite Boulders excavated at TP 3

Picture no.13 : TLB excavating at TP 9

Preliminary Geotechnical Investigation and Dolomite Stability Investigation Report
for the Proposed Development of Fleur Learskool / Primary School, Lyttelton,
Centurion - Gauteng Province

Picture no.14 : TLB excavating at TP 14

Picture no.15 : Dolomite outcrops near the School reception and Assembly area
Preliminary Geotechnical Investigation and Dolomite Stability Investigation Report
for the Proposed Development of Fleur Learskool / Primary School, Lyttelton,
Centurion - Gauteng Province

Picture no.16 : Fleur Learskool entrance through Monelto Street

Dolomite Stability and Geotechnical Investigation Report for the Proposed
Development of Fleur Laerskool at Centurion, Gauteng Province

APPENDIX K: GENERAL PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES

Rafuni Geo-services, February 2021 39/39

 General precautionary measures to be implemented on all dolomitic sites

1. General measures to be implemented on all dolomitic sites (minimum requirements - NHBRC Standards)

1.1 Wet services of individual and entire development -

a. All wet services should be of good quality in order to ensure low maintenance.

b. Piping materials selected should also be appropriate to local subsurface conditions. If clay pipes are utilized in areas of shallow
dolomite, a higher standard of pipe bedding is recommended e.g. stabilized bedding or over excavation and recompaction with an
approved material (minimum specification to be G7 material) in layers of 150 mm thickness, compacted to 93% mod AASHTO.
Some soils may have low pH values, which will render the use of ferrous material for underground services unsuitable. Chapter II
in ‘A Technical Guide to Good House Construction’ NBRI of the CSIR (July 1984) should be consulted concerning the potential
corrosion of pipes.

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c. The NHBRC makes the following recommendations:
Waterpiping materials shall be one or more of the following:
* High impact PVC pipes with vitualic joints.
* Other flexible (as defined in SABS 0102, Part 1) water pipes with flexible, self anchoring connections.
Pipes having a diameter of less than 75 mm.
* HDPE type IV.
* Polypropylene.
Pipes should be flexible, while joints should be minimised.

d. Water pipes entering buildings should either be fitted with flexible couplings or kinked with a Z to allow opportunity for relative
movement. A flexible connection at the junction with all outlet pipes should be used, which includes WC pan connections.

e. Pressure release systems tend to leak after a couple of years. This leaking water must flow directly into the storm- or sewerage
water system.

f. Water reticulation to houses should be kept at a minimum depth of 500 mm up to the structure and above ground wherever
possible along the structure.

g. As many services as possible should be placed within a single trench.

h. Encasement of pipes in concrete or soilcrete should be avoided. Preferably place pipes in sleeves. If this cannot be achieved,
care must be taken to ensure that differential movement can still be accommodated without the pipe breaking.

i. All storm water, sewerage and water pipes and channels must be watertight. All laid wet services should be tested for leakage on
installation using the air test (see NBRI Info Sheet X/BOU 2-34) for water pipes, and the water test for sewerage pipes.

j. Placement of wet services below the footprint of structures must be avoided. No plumbing and drainage pipes should be placed
under floor slabs, as far as practicable. Where this situation is unavoidable, reasons must be cited and the pipes must be placed
in a sleeve to permit monitoring.

k. Where practical, pipes running parallel to structures should be kept at a distance of at least 5 m from the structure.

l. Each stand should have a rodding eye or some similar access to the sewer connection in addition to the inspection eye.

m. Each stand/unit should have a water meter at a suitable location so that testing of the stand/unit specific water supply is possible.
Water leakage testing must be undertaken regularly, as set out in the risk management system.

1 National Home Builders Registration Council

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n. The roots of trees planted in close proximity to the line of water-bearing services often cause leaks in or malfunctioning of the
services. Care should therefore be taken to avoid the unfortunate positioning of trees and other plants.

o. Residents should be informed of where services traverse their garden so that accidental puncturing of pipes can be avoided.

1.2 Entire development

a. The design of wet services should be governed by the need to create low maintenance systems. Wherever possible keep
services above ground to facilitate detection of leaks, maintenance and repair.

b. The stability of the center line of all bulk water services should be considered.

c. Piping used in mains and communication pipes should be flexible, while joints should be minimised and, where required, self
anchoring type (i.e. not reliant on thrust blocks for their anchorage at fittings, except at valves and end caps).

d. The relevant provision of SABS 1200 DB, L, LB, LC, LD and LE shall be observed in the installation of all underground services.

e. Water mains shall be laid only in road reserves.

f. Provision for future connections shall be made in order to minimise the cutting into pipes to provide such connections.

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g. Water pipe entries into the building shall be in accordance with those of the JSD’s code of practice .

h. The use of pre-manufactured, unjointed manholes are preferred. The manhole should be placed on a properly prepared
foundation.

i. Use flexible couplings on either side of manholes.

j. Water-borne sewerage reticulation must be installed. French drains are unacceptable.

k. A detailed sanitation and water reticulation plan should be drawn up for the development according to the local geological setting
and engineering geological characteristics. The plan must be incorporated into the services management system of the local
authority.

1.3 Stormwater drainage

a. No accumulation of surface water is to be permitted and the entire development must be properly drained.

b. A minimum gradient of 1:150 should be maintained along stormwater systems.

c. Brick and precast concrete walls must be so designed as to provide drainage ports at ground level permitting passage of
maximum probable quantaties of water.

d. When courtyards are designed the free flow of surface water should be ensured. Where gutter downpipes are to be found in such
a courtyard, a lined canal should permit passage of water into a drain or onto the lawn away from the structure. The courtyard
should preferably be paved and no garden beds should be created at gutter discharge points. Lawns must be graded in such a
way to facilitate drainage.

e. In order to deal with rainwater run-off from the roofs of structures the following is recommended:
- If guttering is required by the local authority, then the down pipes should discharge into a lined or precast furrow. This
furrow should remove the water from the structure. The stormwater should be trained, without ponding, off the property
and into the municipal stormwater system.
- If no guttering is to be utilized, then it is recommended that a sealed surface with a width of 1,5 m be cast along those walls
of the structure where water will be discharged from the roof. Roof water will cascade off this sloping roof onto the apron

2 JSD Code of Practice reference

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 into a lined or precast furrow. The stormwater should be drained, without ponding, off the property and into the municipal
stormwater system.
- The ground immediately against the buildings shall be shaped to fall in excess of 75 mm over the first 1,5 m beyond the
perimeter of the building, from where it shall drain freely away from housing units. Apron slabs, where provided shall have
the same fall.

f. All ponds, watercourses and road surfaces shall be rendered impervious.

g. No trees shall be planted within 1,5 times their eventual height from the line of stormwater services.

h. The stormwater drainage system shall incorporate measures to ensure water tightness of conduits and other compartments.
Whenever possible, stormwater should be channeled in lined, surface canals.

i. Concrete non-pressure pipes should be of the spigot and socket type with rubber ring seals. Joints in box culverts, channels etc
should be sealed.

j. Stormwater drainage conduits shall be constructed at gradients that will not permit the deposition of silt, or sand, of the type
present in the catchment area.

1.4 Trenching

a. Trenches and excavation works should be opened and closed as rapidly as possible. Avoid leaving trenches open over weekends
or holidays. A berm should be created to divert surface water away from the trenches while they are open. All trenches and
excavation works must be properly backfilled and compacted according to specifications given in subclause 5.2.4 of SABS 1200
DA, but specifically to ground surface to prevent them acting as french drains. Once services/cables are installed and backfilling is
completed, it must be ensured that ground surface is graded to match the slope of the surrounding area. No rocks in the top layer.

b. Berms should be constructed on the up-slope side of trenches to prevent the inflow of water during storms.

c. The fall of trenches shall be away from buildings. Wherever practical, service trenches shall not be excavated along the length of
housing units within the first 3 m beyond the perimeter of such units.

d. No ponding of surface water is to be permitted over, in, or in the vicinity of trenches and excavations.

1.5 Roads

a. Ensure that roadways are in fact placed below the site level so as to facilitate drainage. If the road network is the sole stormwater
system, in a township, care must be taken that the roads are surfaced.

b. Ponding of surface water on or next to roads that are not tarred should be avoided.

c. Roadways which have a gradient of less than 1:80 shall be surfaced/sealed.

d. The velocity of the 1 in 20 year stormwater, flowing along unsurfaced roadways shall not exceed 1,5 m/s.

1.6 Swimming pools

The following minimum requirements must exist:

Construction, maintenance and responsibilities for the pools

A) Construction

i) The design, construction and use of the swimming pool should at all times be to the satisfaction of the local city engineer,
who should be aware of the requirements of swimming pools in dolomitic areas.

ii) The swimming pool must be designed as an independent unit, which will not give way or distort. The sides or floor of the
pool should not crack in the event of any ground movement underneath or nearby the swimming pool.

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 iii) The swimming pool may be constructed from concrete, metal or any other suitable material on condition that the design
conforms with condition (Ai) above.

iv) All water pipes, pumps and connections should be installed either in the open, on the surface, or in service canals where
these may be inspected or repaired without access problems.

v) The swimming pool should be built so as to prevent any rain water flowing into or towards the pool.

B) Maintenance and responsibilities

i) All back wash water must be discharged directly into the main stormwater line.

ii) Any abnormal loss of water from the pool as well as any noticeable ground movement (cracks forming in the ground or in
the pool) must be reported by the stand owner to the Home Owners Association or Body Corporate and the local council.

iii) It is important to note that the responsibility of checking pipes to and from the pool, the handling of run-off water from the
pool as well as the repairing of cracks in the pool and replacing of leaking pipes lies solely with the stand owner.
Negligence could result in instability.

2 Additional precautionary measures for residential affordable, residential group housing (single and double storey) and
gentleman’s estates

a. Place bulk services in road reserves or servitudes with a minimum width of 5 m. Servitudes may be utilised as parks or ’bridle
paths’. If these services are placed mid-block, a building line restriction of a minimum width of 5 m must be imposed. Place water
and sewer connections of every two units along their common property boundary. Shared sewer connections should be
implemented if this arrangement leads to a reduction in the meterage of service and minimizes the disturbance of the environment.
Property and unit entrances should be placed at points furthest from the trenches of these water and sewer connections.

b. It is recommended that structures be placed on earth mattresses, which serve to ensure load distribution and to prevent water
ingress. A continuous mattress can be considered for high density development, where it is emplaced in strips for block lengths
and with widths exceeding the house footprint by at least 2 m. This exercise must be completed prior to the installation of services.

c. Water and sewer connections to households should be placed within the mattress of enhanced earth. The mattress will retard the
flow of water from a leaking service but material will eventually be mobilised sufficiently for structural damage to occur. It is thus
evident that testing of water-borne services on a regular basis is very important. Consideration should be given to the placement
of sewer lines in inspectable canals as these are not so easy to test. If the mattress is penetrated, wet services must be placed in
sleeves for 5 m beyond the structure so that leaking services immediately beyond the mattress cannot result in instability in close
vicinity to the foundation.

d. Roadways must be sealed and be constructed below the level of stands.

e. Property and unit entrances should be placed at points away from the trenches of water and sewer connections.

f. Each stand should either have a rodding eye or some similar access to the sewer connection in addition to the inspection eyes so
that sensible monitoring may be possible.

3 Additional precautionary measures for High-rise, Light Industrial and Light Commercial sites

a. It is recommended that structures be placed on stiffened rafts on earth mattresses, which serves to ensure load distribution and to
prevent water ingress. The mattresses must be emplaced prior to the installation of services.

b. The principal water bearing services must be placed either in the mattress or in sleeves for a distance of at least 5 m beyond the
periphery of the building.

c. The surfaces around buildings should be sealed and sloped so that no surface run-off water is allowed to pond against buildings.

d. Downpipes bearing accumulated roof water can be discharged either onto the sealed surfaces to drain away from the structure, or
into lined furrows and into stormwater systems.

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e. Roadways should be sealed.

f. Portions should be identified at which ‘plugs’ can be installed to stop flow in sewer and water lines at short notice in the event of
rupture or sinkhole formation underneath the service. The Local Authority must ensure that contingency plans are in place to deal
with such emergencies.

g. No swimming pools should be permitted in this zone.

h. Lined channels are preferred to pipes for stormwater systems in these zones.

i. Structures must be correctly and safely founded.

j. A monitoring programme must be embarked upon by either the owner of the property/buildings, the appropriate Local Council or
Metropolitan Substructure to regularly check for any leaks in services, unauthorized structures which could lead to concentration of
water and, where necessary, monitor the groundwater level (refer to risk management systems).

k. With respect to commercial, industrial or high-rise structures, the principal waterbearing services should preferably be placed
above ground or in sleeves when within 5 m of the structure.

4 Precautionary measures for sites unsuitable for development

a. No buildings should be allowed in this zone.

b. The entire site must be properly sealed.

c. No water-borne services must be allowed in this area. Ablution blocks should be avoided.

d. Surface water run-off management is critical in these areas.

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Additional precautionary measures in dolomite area designation D3 sites

Wet engineering services in dolomite area designation D3 sites shall comply with the following
requirements, in addition to those established in 6.1 and 6.2: of SANS 1936: 2012 Part 3
“Design and construction of buildings, structures and infrastructure.

a) The preferred pipe type for all wet engineering services, and the sleeve systems for such
services, on dolomite area designation D3 sites are polyethylene (PE) pipes and fittings that
comply with the material manufacturing requirements of the relevant of parts 1, 2, 3 and 5 of
SANS 4427, with a material designation of PE 100 and that are supplied in straight lengths of
12 m, or rolls of 50 m or 100 m with joints made by means of butt-fusion or electrofusion
fittings.

b) Structured wall polyethylene (PE) pipes or steel-reinforced spirally wound PE drainage and
sewer pipes shall be made from PE 100 material in accordance with SANS 4427-1. Steel
reinforced spirally wound PE pipes shall comply with SANS 674. Specified ring stiffness shall
be tested in accordance with ISO 9969.

c) Manholes and inspection chambers should preferably be manufactured from structured or

solid wall polyethylene (PE) or steel reinforced spirally wound pipes that comply with the
requirements of SANS 4427-1 or SANS 674, as appropriate, with a material designation of PE
100 (or higher), with inlets and outlets that can be joined to compatible pipe systems by means
of butt-fusion or electro-fusion fittings.

d) The nominal pressure rating of plastic pipes shall be one pipe designation or class higher
than that which complies with the design requirements for a dolomite area designation D2 site.

e) Wet and dry engineering services pipes (medium pressure pipe types) shall be subjected
to hydraulic pipeline testing, after installation, in accordance with SANS 2001-DP2 for the
selected pipe type, irrespective of application. The test pressure applied over any section of
pipeline, taking any differences in elevation along the pipeline into account, shall be such that
the pressure at any point along the section is not less than 1,25 × the designated working
pressure or 0,4 MPa, whichever is the greater, and not more than 1,5 × the designated working
pressure at these points. The field test pressure shall not exceed the appropriate values given
in table 6 of SANS 1936: 2012 Part 3. NOTE Increasing the nominal pressure rating increases
the safety factor and the design life of the pipe and reduces the risk of rupture due to localized
stresses or damage.

f) Wet engineering services shall not be placed beneath the footprint of a building or structure.
g) The water supply to a building shall be via a single water supply connection unless
otherwise approved by the competent person (engineer). This also applies to other
pressurized liquid bearing services.

h) Water supply for domestic use and fire-fighting inside the building can be combined,
provided that there is a distinct, and clearly marked split above ground (mounted on the
outside of building) of the two systems. The point of split shall include a shut-off valve for the
domestic supply, but no shut-off valve on the fire-fighting supply side.

i) Within 15 m of any building other than a dwelling house, the water supply and other
pressurized liquid-bearing service connections shall be placed:

 in a flexible, watertight sleeve if underground;

 above ground; or
 in watertight (zero leakage) open ducts.

j) Distribution of water within a building or structure should preferably make use of above-
ground piping mounted on walls, in the roof or in above-floor-level service shafts. Service
shafts shall be watertight (zero leakage) at ground floor level, have drainage ports that drain
visibly into the stormwater system, and shall be supplied with easy access inspection hatches.

k) Sewers and drains shall comply with the following minimum requirements:

 within 15 m of the footprint of a building, buried pipelines shall not be provided with
joints other than specified butt welded joints; and

 suitable prefabricated small diameter (< 1,0 m) watertight manholes shall be used in
place of rodding and cleaning eyes;

l) Stormwater drainage systems shall comply with the following requirements: NOTE The use
of the word “should” in this subclause indicates best practice to be applied where practical.

 roadways with a gradient flatter than 1:80 should be surfaced or be sealed;

 no piped stormwater systems should be permitted within 15 m of a building or

structure, other than those serving the building or structure in question;

 natural ponds and watercourses located within 10 m of any structure and within 30 m
of a building should either be rendered impervious or diverted so that their location is
not within these distances of the structure or building;
  lined surface canals should be located at least 15 m from buildings;

 open culverts with grated covering material should be used to traverse any trafficked
area within 15 m of buildings or structures;

6) all stormwater from downpipes and gutters from buildings and structures shall discharge
into impervious lined channels which, in turn, should discharge the water at least 15 m away
from such buildings and structures onto areas that permit free surface drainage;

7) pipelines shall be pressure-tested during construction using the pressure test procedures
prescribed in SANS 2001-DP2;

8) manholes shall be tested for water tightness (zero leakage) using the test procedure in
SANS 2001-CC1;

9) impervious paved areas or apron slabs shall be provided within 3 m (or greater if deemed
appropriate by the competent person (engineer))of structures and buildings, runoff from which
shall drain into lined stormwater channels feeding into the a designed stormwater system or
shall be spread as sheet flow away from the buildings or structures; and

10) all areas shall be graded to slopes that permit free drainage of water away from structures
and buildings.

11) The area immediately below above-ground installed wet engineering services shall be free
draining to ensure drainage away from buildings and structures in the event of a burst or
leaking pipe.

12) All sleeves or ducts shall be laid to grades that will facilitate drainage away from buildings
and structures into designated watertight inspection chambers.

13) Engineered masonry and concrete manholes shall be designed as water-retaining

structures and tested for water tightness (zero leakage) using the test procedure in SANS
2001-CC1;

13) Gas pipelines within 15 m of buildings shall be provided with welded joints.

14) Fuel reticulations shall, as far as is practicable, be above ground