Krushi Informer

Chapter 1
Abstract

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1. Abstract

Telecommunication, especially mobile phones have the potential to provide solution to

the existing information asymmetry in various lagging sectors like agriculture. India’s
agricultural sector suffers from low growth rates and low productivity. Issues in access to
information are weak points at every stage of the agro-supply chain. For small farmer-
based economy like India, access to information can possibly enable better incomes and
productivity to the farmers.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in agriculture is an emerging field

focusing on the enhancement of agricultural and rural development in India. Using
innovation is a key measure in the rural domain. The advancement of ICT can be utilized
for providing accurate and timely relevant information and services to the farmers. We
propose an android based mobile interface consisting several applications which include
agro-based crop information, weather updates, government policies updates, etc.

In a country like India where rural base is wide, its relevance cannot be overlooked. In
addition to facilitating farmers in improving the efficiency and productivity of agriculture
and allied activities, the potential of IT lies in bringing about an overall qualitative
improvement in life by providing timely and quality information inputs for decision
making; IT can also be effectively used to strengthen the supply chain for agro-based
companies for leading to better price realization by farmers.

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Chapter 2
Introduction

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2. Introduction
The availability and accessibility of information are the crucial points in taking
the optimal decision at right time. Nowadays, advancement of ICT make possible to
retrieve almost any information from the global repository so, they are unable to access
required information on the Farming life cycle, seed selection, pesticides, etc. from the
internet

We have also included a feature of weather forecasting which will help all the farmers to
work according to weather prediction and get a fruitful results. With respect to this
farmer got an amazing option of predicting the future lines of production based on
previous data and history populated in the system. So system will gain knowledge about
the process and ins outs once farmer feeds in their previous experience. Now a days our
main source of health that we getting our farmer they are not getting information related
to weather and government policies.

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Chapter 3
Literature Survey

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3. Literature Survey
The rapid advancement in Information and Communications Technologies
(ICTs) has given rise to new applications that were impossible just few years ago.
Agriculture is an important sector with the majority of the rural population in developing
countries depending on it. The sector faces major challenges of enhancing production in a
situation of dwindling natural resources necessary for production. ICT plays an important
role in challenging and uplifting the livelihoods of the rural populace using an agro
computer-based information system. This paper proposes an Agro-Information System
that enables a farmer to have relevant information about a crop, such as the varieties and
other requirements like soil type, temperature, type and quantity of fertilizer, time of
planting, time of maturity, planting distance, diseases, pest, pest and Disease control
measures, rainfall, sunshine, etc. of that crop. The level of application of this information
determines the volume and efficiency of the crop yield. AIS software is designed and
implemented which helps the farmer achieve the afore-mentioned objectives.

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Chapter 4
Agricultural Production

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4. Agricultural Production

Agricultural production is the use of cultivated plants or animals to produce

products for sustaining or enhancing human life. People use a vast array of agricultural
products every day—these range from the clothes we wear to the paper we write on. We
decorate with flowers often produced by agriculture and run our cars in part on ethanol
produced by agriculture.
Agricultural crops turned into products fall into one of four groups: foods,
fuels, fibers, or raw materials. Roughly 11% of the planet's land is dedicated to crop
production, and close to 26% is being used for animal pastures.

Food:-
Some examples of food products are grains and cereals. Some of the crops are
turned into feed and fed to animals, which then produce dairy products like milk
or are turned into food for humans or other animals. Honey and farmed fish are
also some examples of food products.
Fuel:-
Agricultural products can also be used to produce fuel. Ethanol—produced from
corn, sugarcane, or sorghum—is the agricultural fuel product in widest use.
Fiber:-
Fiber crops include cotton (one of the top 10 crops produced in the U.S. every
year), wool, and silk. Agricultural producers also use hemp to make rope and flax for
linen. It's even possible to use bamboo fiber to make cloth.
Raw Materials:-
Raw materials are the products not refined or processed for use in one of the
other categories. Many of the crops grown are used to feed animals that become other
agricultural products.

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Chapter 5
Weather

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5. Weather
Agriculture and farming are mainly dependent on seasons and weather. The
temperature matters a lot in that case when it comes to the farming of different kinds of
fruits, vegetables, and pulses.

Climate change is already affecting agriculture, with effects unevenly distributed across
the world. Future climate change will likely negatively affect crop production in low
latitude countries, while effects in northern latitudes may be positive or negative. Climate
change will probably increase the risk of food insecurity for some vulnerable groups,
such as the poor.

It is very important for us to foresee the next weather conditions in order for them to
anticipate what is going to happen. By doing this, we will be able to know on how to
provide an effective solution. This application helps the farmers in doing so. This will
also of great help to farmers in order to prevent their loss and modify the farming
practices which they make use of.

Global warming is the toughest environmental issues of today that all nations are
combating. In this case, the farmers need to get educated on the types of farming
techniques and strategies that must be used in order for them to give solution to any
effects weather has something to do with the crops and livestock.

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Chapter 6
About Crops

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6. About Crops
Crops are living plants grown by farmers. Most crops are foods such as grain,
vegetables, or fruit. Some crops are for drugs, such as quinine, or fibers such as cotton, or
other materials such as rubber or wood. Farms are usually made to grow just one kind of
crop. Crops are domesticated plants, most of which have been selected to improve their
size, taste and other qualities. Many crops are farmed in monoculture. Growing crops is
a part of agriculture.

 Crop Protection:-
Crop protection is a branch of horticulture, aimed at protecting crops. This is
done so that the yieldof the crop does not diminish. Common approaches are:

1. Using pesticides, these are on a chemical basis.

2. Using biological pest control, using the natural enemies of the pests to control
them.
3. Using barriers, such as nets.
4. Using psychology, for example to scare birds.
5. Using biotechnology, selective breeding and genetic engineering.

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Chapter 7
Market Rates

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7. Market Rates
A farmers' market is a physical retail market featuring foods sold directly by
farmers to consumers. Farmers markets typically consist of booths, tables or stands,
outdoors or indoors, where farmers sell fruits, vegetables, meats, and sometimes prepared
foods and beverages. They are distinguished from public markets, which are generally
housed in permanent structures, open year-round, and offer a variety of
non-farmer/producer vendors, packaged foods and non-food products. Some farmers also
prefer the simplicity, immediacy, transparency and independence of selling direct to
consumers.

Farmers markets serve not only as a way for people to purchase locally grown
produce but also as a chance for them to connect with others within their communities.
Purchasing local goods is an experience that promotes a sense of place, important in
making individuals feel tied to their communities. Managing markets properly will
achieve the perfect social setting for people to meet and greet while they purchase their
goods. Markets are anchored in community, connect people with each other and valued
commodities, and create opportunities for business. Hence understanding the importance
of farmers market, the application "Market" has been developed.

In this application whenever there is a farmers market organized by government or

any other non government organization, the organization can register the event through
the web portal. Once the event has been register it shows up on the home page of market
application and also the farmer is sent a notification message. This way a farmer is made
aware of the farmers market event happening in his region.

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Chapter 8

Fertilizers

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8. Fertilizers
Fertilizers are chemical substances supplied to the crops to increase their
productivity. These are used by the farmers daily to increase the crop yield.

There are two types in fertilizers:

1. Organic Fertilizers
2. Inorganic Fertilizers

Organic Fertilizers
Organic fertilizers are natural fertilizers obtained from plants and animals. It enriches
the soil with carbonic compounds essential for plant growth. Organic fertilizers
increase the organic matter content of the soil, promotes the reproduction of
microorganisms, and changes the physical and chemical properties of the soil. It is
considered to be one of the main nutrients for green food.

 Organic fertilizers can be obtained from the following products:

1. Agricultural Waste
2. Livestock Manure
3. Industrial Waste
4. Municipal Sludge

Inorganic Fertilizers:
Inorganic fertilizers are chemical fertilizers that contain nutrient elements for the
growth of crops made by chemical means. The inorganic fertilizers are of the
following types:
1. Nitrogen Fertilizers:
Nitrogen fertilizers contain nitrogen necessary for the development of crops.
Nitrogen is the main constituent of chlorophyll that maintains a balance in the
process of photosynthesis. It is also a part of amino acids in plants and constitutes

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protein. Nitrogen fertilizers improve the production and quality of agricultural

products.

2. Phosphorus Fertilizer:
The main nutrient in a phosphorus fertilizer is phosphorus. The efficiency of
fertilizer depends upon effective phosphorus content, methods of fertilizing,
properties of soil and crop strains. Phosphorus found in the protoplasm of the cell
plays an important role in cell growth and proliferation. The phosphorus fertilizer
is beneficial for the growth of roots of the plants.

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Chapter 9

Government Policies

9. Government Policies

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Indian agriculture is largely an unorganized sector. No systematic institutional and

organizational planning is involved in cultivation, irrigation, harvesting etc . Institutional
finances are not adequately available and minimum purchase price fixed by the
government do not reach the poorest farmer. Government has implemented agricultural
debt. waiver and debt. relief scheme in 2008 to benefit over 36 million farmers. Direct
agricultural loan to stressed farmers under so called Kisan credit Card were also covered
under this scheme. However, most of the subsidies and welfare schemes announced by
the Central and State governments do not reach the poor farmers. On the contrary, only
big land lords are benefited by those schemes.

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Chapter 10

NGO’s Help

10. NGO’s Help

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The local NGOs are not able to reach the farmers. The NGOs provide various kinds of
help but as there are very less farmers who know about such NGOs they rarely approach
a NGO for help. This app helps the NGOs reach the common farmer. A farmer can get
the details of the NGO which can help them out regarding various problems whether they
are related to family or the farm. This application helps them in placing a call to the Ngo
and to share their problems.

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Chapter 11

Scope For Future Work

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11. Scope For Future Work

 At the current stage the Krishi-Bharati interface is limited to access the

agricultural information in the context of Marathi , English languages. However,
it can be extended toward the agricultural context of any state in the country
which proves that the approach is generic.
 In krushi-informer interface we will store important information to the farmers.
 GPS Systems can also be integrated and various other applications can also be
added into the interface.

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Chapter 12

Conclusions

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12. Conclusions

 At the current stage the Krishi-informer interface is limited to access the

agricultural information.

 This system is for Farmers who can easily access the government policies and
also they can gane more information about crops.

 And also it would be easier for them to decide which crop to be grown in order
to get productive results with the help of weather prediction as well as
production prediction.

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Chapter 13

References

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13. References

1) L. N. De Silva, J. S. Goonetillake, G. N. Wikramanayake, and A. Ginige,

“Towards using ICT to enhance flow of information to aid farmer sustainability in
Sri Lanka,” in ACIS 2012 Location, location, location: Proceedings of the 23rd
Australasian Conference on Information Systems, pp. 1-10. ACIS, 2012..

2) D. Samanta, S. Ghosh, S. Dey, S. Sarcar, M. K. Sharma, P. K. Saha, and S. Maiti,

(2012, December). “Development of multimodal user interfaces to Internet for
common people,” in Intelligent Human Computer Interaction (IHCI), 2012 4th
International Conference, pp. 1- 8.IEEE, 2012

3) R. Prasad, K. R. Ranjan, and A. K. Sinha, “AMRAPALIKA: An expert system

for the diagnosis of pests, diseases, and disorders in Indian mango,” Knowledge-
Based Systems, 19(1), pp.9-21. Elsevier,2006.

4) Punchihewa, Devaka J., and Prasad Wimalaratne. "Towards an ICT

Enabled Farming Community." EGovernance in Practice, India (2010):
201-207.

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