Test: Chapter 2 - Biometric Traits and Modalities | Quizlet http://whyfund.net/Biometrics/Test Chapter 2 - Biometric Traits and Mo...

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54 Multiple choice questions

1. Consists of the hardware in a biometric device that converts biometric input into electrical signals and conveys this
information to the attached computer, such as a fingerprint sensor. (30)

a. Arch

b. Sensor

c. Identity

d. Mimic

2. The automated process of locating and encoding distinctive characteristics from a biometric sample in order to
generate a template. (31)

a. Verification

b. Extraction

c. Feature Extraction

d. Signature Verification

3. Refers to a fingerprint capture device that electronically captures fingerprint images using a sensor (rather than
scanning ink-based fingerprint images on a card or lifting latent fingerprints from a surface). (30)

a. Live Scan

b. Bifurcation

c. Live Capture

d. Identity

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4. A biometric task where an unidentified individual is known to be in the database and the system attempts to determine
his/her identity. (31)

a. Closed-set Identification

b. Voice Verification

c. Biometric Identification

d. Open-set Identification

5. Used to collect both an individual's personal and demographic information along with flat and rolled ink impression
fingerprint images. (35)

a. Extraction

b. Faceprint

c. 10-print card

d. Live Scan

6. A document used as an original source of identity to apply for (or breed) other forms of identity credentials. (29)

a. Breeder Documents

b. Extraction

c. Nodal Points

d. Live Scan

7. A value returned by a biometric algorithm indicating the degree of difference between a biometric sample and a
reference. (32)

a. Difference Score

b. Sensor

c. 10-print card

d. Live Scan

8. The number of non-corresponding digits in a string of binary digits; it is used to measure dissimilarity. (32)

a. Live Scan

b. Adjustable

c. Characteristic

d. Hamming Distance

9. Every face has numerous, distinguishable landmarks, the different peaks and valleys that make up facial features. (46)

a. Nodal Points

b. Faceprint

c. Minutiae points

d. Modality

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10. A proprietary finger scanning technique. (39)

a. Bifurcation

b. Recognition

c. Extraction

d. Autocorrelation

11. The process used to recognize an individual's handwritten signature. (50)

a. Signature Dynamics

b. Voice Verification

c. Feature Extraction

d. Signature Verification

12. A biometric modality that uses the cadence of an individual's typing pattern for recognition. (52)

a. Iris recognition

b. Thermograms

c. Keystroke Dynamics

d. Verification

13. A biometric task that more closely follows operational biometric system conditions to 1) determine if someone is in a
database and 2) find the record of the individual in the database. See watch-list. (31)

a. Voice Verification

b. Closed-set Identification

c. Open-set Identification

d. Biometric Identification

14. A type or class of biometric system, such as face recognition, fingerprint recognition, iris recognition, etc. (33)

a. Nodal Points

b. Modality

c. Model

d. Identity

15. The transferred impression of a friction ridge detail that is not readily visible; a generic term used for a questioned
friction ridge detail. (34)

a. Faceprint

b. Autocorrelation

c. Latent Fingerprint

d. Minutiae points

16. Requires the subject to look into a reticle and focus on a visible target while the scan is completed. (44)

a. Ridge Ending

b. Retinal Scanning

c. Iris Scanning

d. Live Scan

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17. Synonym for verification. (29)

a. One-to-one

b. Comparison

c. One-to-many

d. Sensor

18. A detailed description or scaled representation of one component of a larger system that can be created, operated, and
analyzed to predict actual operational characteristics of the final produced component. (31)

a. Mimic

b. Model

c. Modality

d. Arch

19. The process of collecting a biometric sample from an individual via a sensor. (30)

a. Iris recognition

b. Feature Extraction

c. Capture or Submission

d. Recognition

20. A method of biometric identification and pattern recognition that is used to determine the identity of the subject. (41)

a. Ridge Ending

b. Iris recognition

c. Iris Scanning

d. Live Scan

21. A reflection of an individual's psychological makeup, although physical traits, such as size and gender, have a major
influence. (29)

a. Modality

b. Behavioral

c. Sensor

d. Thermograms

22. The identifiable, unprocessed image or recording of a physiological or behavioral characteristic, acquired during
submission, used to generate biometric templates. Also referred to as biometric data. (30)

a. Bifurcation

b. Biometric Sample

c. Comparison

d. Similarity Score

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23. A distinguishing feature or attribute. (28)

a. Faceprint

b. Characteristic

c. Comparison

d. Extraction

24. A scan of a fingerprint or palm print taken directly from a subject's hand. (35)

a. Sensor

b. Live Capture

c. Mimic

d. Live Scan

25. Occurs when the friction ridges enter from one side, make a rise in the center, and exit on the opposite side. (34).

a. Arch

b. Mimic

c. Model

d. Sensor

26. Synonym for identification. (29)

a. One-to-one

b. One-to-many

c. Thermograms

d. Identity

27. A user setting for biometric systems operating in the verification or open-set identification (watch list) tasks. (32)

a. Model

b. Arch

c. Threshold

d. Sensor

28. The point where a friction ridge begins, terminates, or splits into two or more ridges. Minutiae are friction ridge
characteristics that are used to individualize a fingerprint image. (34)

a. Bifurcation

b. Friction Ridge

c. Minutiae points

d. Faceprint

29. The ridges on the skin of the fingers, toes, palms, and soles of the feet that make contact with an incident surface
under normal touch. On the fingers, the unique patterns formed by friction ridges make up fingerprints. (34)

a. Recognition

b. Ridge Ending

c. Extraction

d. Friction Ridge

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30. The generic term used in the description of biometric systems (e.g., face recognition or iris recognition) relating to
their fundamental function. (31)

a. Extraction

b. Verification

c. Recognition

d. Iris recognition

31. The process of comparing a biometric reference with a previously stored reference or references in order to make an
identification or verification decision. (31)

a. Recognition

b. Extraction

c. Sensor

d. Comparison

32. Represents a face in the database. (47)

a. Nodal Points

b. Spoofing

c. Faceprint

d. Arch

33. This is a subset of physical and/or behavioral characteristics by which an individual is uniquely recognizable. (29)

a. Modality

b. Live Scan

c. Sensor

d. Identity

34. The point in a fingerprint where a ridge divides or splits to form two ridges that continue past the point of division for
a distance that is at least equal to the spacing between adjacent ridges at the point of bifurcation. (34)

a. Verification

b. Extraction

c. Bifurcation

d. Recognition

35. A technique used to ensure that the biometric sample submitted is from an end user. (30)

a. Live Scan

b. Open-set Identification

c. Iris recognition

d. Liveness Detection

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36. A card identifying its holder and issuer which may carry data required as input for the intended use of the card and for
transactions based thereon. (29)

a. Identification Card (ID)

b. Verification

c. Friction Ridge

d. Latent Fingerprint

37. The process by which the biometric sample captured in the previous block is transformed into an electronic
representation. During enrollment this electronic representation is known as the biometric template. During the
authentication process, it is known as the live sample. (31)

a. Recognition

b. Bifurcation

c. Verification

d. Extraction

38. A biometric modality that uses an image of the physical structure of an individual's iris for recognition purposes. (42)

a. Recognition

b. Iris recognition

c. Iris Scanning

d. Palm print recognition

39. The process of capturing a biometric sample by an interaction between an end user and a biometric system. (35)

a. Live Scan

b. Live Capture

c. Bifurcation

d. Identity

40. An image of an object taken with an infrared camera that shows surface temperature variations.(53)

a. One-to-many

b. Threshold

c. Behavioral

d. Thermograms

41. The presentation of live biometric measure in an attempt to fraudulently impersonate someone other than the
submitter. (30)

a. Mimic

b. Model

c. Spoofing

d. Arch

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42. The process of confirming or denying that a claimed identity is correct by comparing the credentials. (30)

a. Voice Verification

b. Verification

c. Bifurcation

d. Extraction

43. A relatively stable human physical characteristic, such as a fingerprint, hand silhouette, iris pattern, or blood vessel
pattern on the back of the eye. This type of measurement is unchanging and unalterable without significant duress.
(29)

a. Threshold

b. Behavioral

c. Physiological

d. Spoofing

44. The ability to fool a biometric sensor into recognizing an illegitimate user as a legitimate user (verification) or into
misidentifying someone who is in the database. (30)

a. Faceprint

b. Spoofing

c. Identity

d. Mimic

45. Uses a palette of about 150 facial abstractions, and compares the captured face with these archetypal abstract faces.
(46)

a. Liveness Detection

b. Eigenface Comparison

c. Iris recognition

d. Comparison

46. The one-to-many process of comparing a submitted biometric sample against all biometric reference templates on file
to determine whether it matches any of the templates. (29)

a. Signature Verification

b. Closed-set Identification

c. Biometric Identification

d. Open-set Identification

47. A behavioral biometric modality that analyzes dynamic characteristics of an individual's signature. (50)

a. Keystroke Dynamics

b. Signature Dynamics

c. Biometric Sample

d. Signature Verification

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48. A biometric modality that uses the physical structure of an individual's palm print for recognition purposes. (39)

a. Liveness Detection

b. Fingerprint Recognition

c. Recognition

d. Palm print recognition

49. The threshold is _________ so that the biometric system can be more or less strict, depending on the requirements of
any given biometric application. (32)

a. Arch

b. Adjustable

c. Threshold

d. One-to-one

50. A potentially interesting technique because considerable voice communication takes place with regard to everyday
business transactions. (49)

a. Bifurcation

b. Voice Verification

c. Signature Verification

d. Verification

51. A biometric modality that uses the physical structure of an individual's fingerprint for identification purposes. (34)

a. Recognition

b. Fingerprint Recognition

c. Palm print recognition

d. Iris recognition

52. A minutiae point at the ending of a friction ridge. (34)

a. Live Scan

b. Identity

c. Iris Scanning

d. Ridge Ending

53. A value returned by a biometric algorithm that indicates the degree of similarity or correlation between a biometric
sample and a reference. (32)

a. Comparison

b. Modality

c. Difference Score

d. Similarity Score

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54. Consists of a row/column configuration of tiny metal electrodes. Every column is linked to a pair of sample-and-hold
circuits. The fingerprint image is recorded in sequence, row by row, as each metal electrode acts as one capacitor plate
and the contacting finger acts as the second plate. (38)

a. Sensor

b. Comparison

c. Live Scan

d. Capacitive Sensor

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