DEPARTMENT OF

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

19EC2105-ADC LAB PROJECT REPORT

ACADEMIC YEAR :2021-2022 II
YEAR/III SEMESTER
Electronic Water Level Controller Device
Submitted by
1.NADELLA BHARANI 2000040217 S3-C
DHAR
2.K. YASWANTHRAJ 2000040219 S3-C
3.G. NAGENDRA
SWAMI 2000040230 S3-C

KONERU LAKSHMAIAH EDUCATION

FOUNDATION
(Deemed to be University estd, u/s, 3 of the UGC Act, 1956) (NAAC
Accredited “A++” Grated University)
Green Fields, Guntur District, A.P., India – 522502
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
(DST - FIST Sponsored Department)
 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this Project report titled Electronic Water Level Controller Device is the

bonafide work of NADELLA BHARANI DHAR WITH 2000040217.KATURI YASWANTH WITH

2000040219.GADDAM NAGENDRA SWAMI with 2000040230,II Year / III Semester, under the

guidance of DR .KUMAR NAIK, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,

in 19EC2105/Analog & Digital Communication Laboratory at Koneru Lakshmaiah Education

Foundation in the year 2021-2022.

Signature of the Faculty in charge Signature of the HOD/ECE

Submitted for the University Practical Examination held on……………………

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

ABSTRACT

Title: Electronic Water Level Controller Device

.

Abstract:
The drinking water crisis in India is reaching alarming proportions. It might very soon attain the

nature of global crisis. Hence, it is of extreme importance to preserve water. In home-based water

tank, the one problem is very common to us that the control of water level of overhead tank, as a

result the wastage of water is increasing day by day. But we all know water is very precious to us.

This problem can be controlled by a simple electronic circuit consists with some cheap electronic

components, that circuit is called ‘Water Level Indicator’. The operation of water level controller

works upon the fact that water conducts electricity. So, water can be used to open or close a circuit.

As the water level rises or falls, different circuits in the controller send different signals. These

signals are used to switch ON or switch OFF the motor pump as per our requirements.Electronic

Water Level Controller Device is a simple low-cost circuit. First, we introduced this circuit from

the web. There the circuit is made with various components like transistors (BC547), Resistors,

Leds etc. After we discussed that how to make the circuit without transistors and after we calculate

that we got the result, beside we got help from our teacher about this circuit. At last, we got a simple

circuit without transistor, and it shows result. We removed the transistors to make the circuit cheap

and easy installation to all. The other liquid control circuits, which we have seen those are very

critical than this circuit.

INTRODUCTION
Introduction 1.1:

Electronic Water Level Controller Device may be defined as a system by which we can get the
information of any water reservoir. Water level indicator system is quite useful to reduce the wastage
of water from any reservoir, while filling such reservoir. Water is most essential thing on earth .Safe
drinking water is essential to human and other life forms even though it provides no calories or
organic nutriants. The total amount of water available on Earth has been estimated at 1.4 billion cubic
kilometers, enough to cover the planet with a layer of about 3 km. About 95% of the Earth's water is
in the oceans, which is unfit for human consumption. About 4% is locked in the polar ice caps, and
the rest 1% constitutes all fresh water found in rivers, streams and lakes which is suitable for our
consumption. A study estimated that a person in India consumes an average of 135 litres per day.
This consumption would rise by 40% by the year 2025. This signifies the need to preserve our fresh
water resources. A Conductive Level Controller electrically detects the level of a liquid. Conductive
Level Controllers (61F) are electronic liquid level detectors used in a wide range of applications such
as water and sewer services for office and apartment buildings, industrial applications for iron and
steel, food, chemical, pharmaceutical, and semiconductor industries, and liquid level control for
agricultural water, water treatment plants, and wastewater plants. When the electrodes are in contact
with liquid, the circuit is closed (the liquid completes the path for electricity to flow) and the electrical
current that flows in this circuit is used to detect the level of the liquid. A variety of conductive liquids
can be controlled using this method. Detecting the resistance between the electrodes and comparing
it to see if it is larger or smaller than a reference resistance is used to detect the surface of the liquid.

Principles

The operating principle is explained using a case where water is supplied from the water mains. Office
and apartment buildings normally have a ground tank and an elevated tank. Water is supplied from
the water mains into the ground tank, pumped up to the elevated tank, then distributed to each floor.
When the water level in the elevated tank is low, water is pumped up from the ground tank to
supplement it. When the water level reaches a certain level, the pump stops.
 Fig:1: Electronic Water Level Controller Device
The complete circuit diagram for the water overflow alarm project can be found below. As you can see
the circuit is simple and easy to build as it only has few basic components like transistors, resistors,
LEDs and a buzzer,DC motor.We can consider this whole circuit as 4 small circuits, each one for
indicating/alarming, when a particular level (A,B,C,D) of water have been reached.When water level
reaches to point A, circuit with RED LED & transistor Q1 gets completed and RED LED glows.
Similarly when water level reaches to point B, circuit with YELLOW LED and transistor Q2 gets
completed and Yellow LED glows, same goes with point C. And finally, when tank gets full (Point D),
circuit with buzzer gets completed and buzzer starts beeping and DC motor will be Stop working.

Procedure:

• Connect the compounds as shown the below figure.

• Understand the pin configuration of Bc547 transistor

• Connect led negative pin to resistor to collector of transistor

• Connect the base with resistor and end pin will indicates the water

• Give the proper ground connection to the components

• Give 9v power supply to the circuit.

Hrdware circuit:

Fig-2: Hardware connection of the Project

Output:

Fig-4: output of the circuit

Applications
Water level controller can be used in Hotels, Factories, Homes, Apartments, Commercial
complexes, Drainage, etc. It can be fixed for single phase motor, three phase motors, fuel level
controller in veichles.liquid level controller in the huge container companies on the tank walls.

RESULT:

When the water stared filling to the over head water tank then the green led glows and dc motor will
be on state the next when the level reaches up to the mid level of the over head water tank then
yellow led glows after that the red led glows that the tank is going to be full or full at last the buzzer
sounds when tank is going to be full and DC motor will be off.

ADVANTAGES

Maintenance It is an economical system that requires very less maintenance as compared to

conventional system as it has no complicated circuits and delicate mechanisms. This saves the
additional maintenance cost. Cost The main advantage of the water level controller is it has very
low cost than the conventional one available in markets. For example, some commercial controllers
use microcontrollers which alone costs around Rs.800. Some controllers even have a price range of
Rs.2000-Rs. 4000. But for our system, the components used are less in number and easily available.
Hence losses will be less leading to a better efficiency.

Conclusion

• This system is very beneficial in rural as well as urban areas.

• It helps in the efficient utilization of available water sources. It can provide a major contribution
in the conservation of water, if used on large scale.

Future Work

There is no way of knowing whether the source of water, which in this case is the UGT, actually
has water or not. If no water source is present, then the submersible pump would start running
unnecessarily and overheat itself. This could be taken care by implementing another sensor. Also,
the rate of water input must always be equal to or greater than the rate of International Journal of
Engineering Research and Technology.