Personal Development

Governor Pack Road, Baguio City, Philippines 2600

Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
442-2564; 442-8219; 442-8256; Fax No.: 442-6268 Name:
Email: [email protected]; Website: www.uc-bcf.edu.ph

S.Y. 2020-2021 First Trimester Grade Level/Section:

MODULE 3 – PDev’t Subject Teacher:

MODULE 3:
DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES IN MIDDLE AND LATE
ADOLESCENCE
Adolescence is that transition period between being a child and being an adult. It is the
period of being “caught in the middle”, and it can be difficult for the person going through
it. The internal conflicts that you experience as you grow older are also being experienced
by others. This module will help you have a deeper understanding of what is happening to a person at this critical stage
of his/her development.
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I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of this module, the student will be able to:
a) differentiate the different stages of psychosocial development
b) identify and asses their identity status
c) explain the effects of the parenting styles to one’s establishment of identity
d) evaluate one’s development in comparison with persons of the same age group

II. DISCUSSION

ERIK ERIKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY OF DEVELOPMENT

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Erik Erikson
-developmental psychologist who looked into how personality develops in a series of stages
- he emphasizes the impact of social experiences across the lifespan
- coined the famous term “identity crisis” which refers to the turning point in one’s life that
may either strengthen or weakens one’s personality
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- Erikson argued that adolescents face a crisis between identity and role confusion
***Identity vs. Role Confusion - The desire to try out many possible selves and your
need to select a single self
- He said that if you can achieve a sense of identity then you are well prepared to face
the next developmental challenge: establishing intimate, sharing relationships with
others
- Erikson believed that if you are confused about your identity, then you can never experience identity in any human
relationship. Instead, throughout your lives, you may remain isolated and/or respond to others stereotypically.
 How do you achieve an identity?
 Use of higher thinking skills - enable you to imagine yourself in different roles
Ex. Adolescents may imagine themselves as dancers, agriculturist, soldier
 Experiment with different selves or you to learn more about possible identities
 Enable you to imagine yourself in different roles before deciding on a particular identity status.

EIGHT PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

 Personal Development
Governor Pack Road, Baguio City, Philippines 2600
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
442-2564; 442-8219; 442-8256; Fax No.: 442-6268 Name:
Email: [email protected]; Website: www.uc-bcf.edu.ph

S.Y. 2020-2021 First Trimester Grade Level/Section:

MODULE 3 – PDev’t Subject Teacher:

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JAMES MARCIA’S IDENTITY STATUSES

 Personal Development
Governor Pack Road, Baguio City, Philippines 2600
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
442-2564; 442-8219; 442-8256; Fax No.: 442-6268 Name:
Email: [email protected]; Website: www.uc-bcf.edu.ph

S.Y. 2020-2021 First Trimester Grade Level/Section:

MODULE 3 – PDev’t Subject Teacher:

James Marcia
- Refined and extended Erik Erikson’s work
- His main idea: One’s sense of identity is determined largely by choices and commitments
made regarding certain personal and social traits

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TWO DISTINCT PARTS OF ADOLESCENT’S IDENTITY:

 CRISIS: time when one’s values and choices are being re-evaluated
 LEADS TO COMMITMENT: choice has been made
 Marcia’s Four Identity Statuses:
Definition Example Crisi Commitment
s
The adolescent is Yeshua hates the idea of deciding to do with his x x
DIFFUSI

overwhelmed by the task future so he spends most of his free time playing
ON

of achieving any identity video games.

and does little to
accomplish the task
The adolescent has a For as long as she can remember, Yesha’s parents x 
FORECLOSURE

status determined by have told her that she should be an attorney and
adults rather than by join the law firm. She plans to study prelaw in
personal exploration college, though she’s never given the matter much
thought

The adolescent is Yuri enjoys almost all of his high school classes.  x
MORATORI

examining different Some days he thinks it would be fun to be a

alternatives but has yet chemist, some days he wants to be a novelist, and
UM

to find one that’s some days he’d like to be basketball player. He

satisfactory thinks it’s a little weird to change his mind often,
but he also enjoys thinking about different jobs.
The adolescent has Throughout high school, Yasher wanted to play the  
ACHIEVEM

explored alternatives and PBA. During his senior high, he thought it would be
has deliberately chosen a col to be a physician. Now he’s taking accountancy
ENT

specific identity course and everything finally “clicked”- he found

what he wants. He knew he wanted to become an
accountant.

***Parents Influence on Identity

- Parents are influential in achieving an identity.
- Parenting is one of the many factors affecting the healthy development of teenagers. The way parents communicate and
interact with their children can either hinder or foster adolescent growth and development.
- According to Diana Baumrind, there are four parenting styles that influence children’s development based on two
aspects: control and warmth.
Parental Control – how parents manage their children’s behavior (giving of rules/demands)
Parental Warmth – whether parents are accepting and responsive or rejecting and unresponsive

Four Parenting Styles

 Personal Development
Governor Pack Road, Baguio City, Philippines 2600
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
442-2564; 442-8219; 442-8256; Fax No.: 442-6268 Name:
Email: [email protected]; Website: www.uc-bcf.edu.ph

S.Y. 2020-2021 First Trimester Grade Level/Section:

MODULE 3 – PDev’t Subject Teacher:

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*Authoritative parents- encourage open communication and help children reach achievement status

*Authoritarian parents- adolescents will more likely remain in the foreclosure status. Their parents just tell them
what to do

ASK YOURSELF:
Which of the identity statuses can you relate with the most? Explain your answer by writing a
personal experience which supports your answer.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
____

SIGMUND FREUD’S PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

Sigmund Freud
- An Austrian neurologist who proposed the psychoanalytic theory
- Emphasized that adolescents must reduce their dependency on their parents and must begin
to function autonomously
- Predicted that this change would not occur smooth transition and conflicts may result

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-He believed that one’s personality is developed thru different stages s/he experiences starting
from childhood. If a person goes thru these stages successfully, they will develop a healthy personality. However, if some
issues will not be resolved at the appropriate stage, the person may develop a fixation.
*A fixation is a persistent focus on an earlier psychosexual stage. Until this conflict is resolved, the individual
will remain "stuck" in this stage. A person who is fixated at the oral stage, for example, may be over-dependent
on others and may seek oral stimulation through smoking, drinking, or eating. (Cherry, K. 2019)
 Personal Development
Governor Pack Road, Baguio City, Philippines 2600
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
442-2564; 442-8219; 442-8256; Fax No.: 442-6268 Name:
Email: [email protected]; Website: www.uc-bcf.edu.ph

S.Y. 2020-2021 First Trimester Grade Level/Section:

MODULE 3 – PDev’t Subject Teacher:

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IV. ADDITIONAL REFERENCE/S

Marcia's Identity Statuses: An Extension of Erikson's Identity Theory

https://apps.carleton.edu/curricular/ocs/paris/assets/WMarcia.pdf
Psychosexual and Psychosocial Theories of Development
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wmopen-psychology/chapter/lifespan-theories-psychosexual-and-
psychosocial-theories/
 Personal Development
Governor Pack Road, Baguio City, Philippines 2600
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
442-2564; 442-8219; 442-8256; Fax No.: 442-6268 Name:
Email: [email protected]; Website: www.uc-bcf.edu.ph

S.Y. 2020-2021 First Trimester Grade Level/Section:

MODULE 3 – PDev’t Subject Teacher:

V. REFERENCE(S)

Abayon,G., 2015 Fundamentals of Personal Development: Understanding One’s Self and Making Good Decisions for
Success. Makati City, Philippines: The Bookmark Inc.

Aben-Bayod, Y. et.al. (2016) Personal Development

Cherry, K. (n.d.). What Are Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development? Retrieved August 19, 2020, from
https://www.verywellmind.com/freuds-stages-of-psychosexual-development-2795962

Cleofe, M. P. (2016). Personal Development. Makati City, Philippines: Diwa Learning System Inc
Et.al, A-B, 2016, Personal Development. Baguio City: Wise Ideas Publishing Inc.

Llaneza-Ramos, M. (2017). Personal Development: A Journey to Self-Awakening. Quezon City, Philippines: C & E
Publishing, Inc.

Santos, R. R. (2016) Personal Development