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FCT Dry Lab 5

1. The document provides background on examining glass fragments from crime scenes to determine the direction of force that caused the break. Radial and concentric cracks form depending on whether the force came from inside or outside. 2. The activity involves striking a glass pane with a hammer to produce cracks and determine if they are radial or concentric based on the 3RS' and RFC rules. Photographs are taken to document the crack patterns. 3. The objective is to use glass fracture analysis to determine the probable direction of a breaking force like a bullet or blow, as this evidence can help solve cases like robberies or shootings.

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74 views4 pages

FCT Dry Lab 5

1. The document provides background on examining glass fragments from crime scenes to determine the direction of force that caused the break. Radial and concentric cracks form depending on whether the force came from inside or outside. 2. The activity involves striking a glass pane with a hammer to produce cracks and determine if they are radial or concentric based on the 3RS' and RFC rules. Photographs are taken to document the crack patterns. 3. The objective is to use glass fracture analysis to determine the probable direction of a breaking force like a bullet or blow, as this evidence can help solve cases like robberies or shootings.

Uploaded by

warlaxx ng MUndo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ACTIVITY NO.

GLASS FRACTURES

I-OBJECTIVES:

To determine the direction and type of the breaking force caused by a bullet on the
glass pane.

II – BACKGROUND:

When clothing is received in the laboratory with a request to determine the probable
distance from which the victim was shot, it is first examiSned microscopically for
possible powder residues, singeing, smudging, powder tattooing, and burning. The
presence and amount of powder residues will depend upon a number of factors. If the
gun is discharged when held close to the body of the victim, two types of discoloration
will be observed around the hole of entrance namely smudging and tattooing. Smudging
is produced when the gun is held from about 2 inches to a maximum of 8 inches. The
smoke and soot from the burned powder will be deposited around the hole of the
entrance producing a dirty grimy appearance. This observation is more pronounced
when the ammunition used contains black powder.

Individual Specks of tattooing around the hole are visible with the naked eye. The
area of blackening around the perforation will be found to diminish in size as the muzzle
of the gun is held at a distance of 8 inches, all the blackening around the hole will
completely disappear. A few individual specks of tattooing will be visible with the naked
eye. If the gun is held at a slightly greater distance from the target but within the range
of the powder blast which was estimated to be about 36 inches, he partially burned and
unburned powder particles will be driven into the surface around the gunshot hole
producing a black coarsely peppered pattern called tattooing. Beyond a distance of 36
inches, evidence of powder tattooing is seldom present. Nitrates particles maybe found
present even at a distance of about 1 meter but this will not be sufficient basis for
gunshot range determination.

Glass as evidence of a crime in the field of Forensic Chemistry, the emphasis is placed
on:
Materials:

Any form of flat Glass


Hammer
Rubber gloves
Goggles

Procedure:

Wear your goggles and gloves


With safety precaution, strike the glass with hammer
Observe the glass fracture if it’s produces radial and concentric
Take photograph

1. Broken windows caused by pressure, blow or bullet in robbery cases;


Examination of windows/Glass fragments is important in robbery cases or
shooting cases when there is a question as to whether the glass was broken from the
outside or from the inside.

To determine the side from which the pane of glass was broken, it is necessary
to collect and piece together as much of the glass as possible in order to study the
pattern of the crack and be able to orient the pieces in their original position. If the glass
was broken as a result of a blow or a pressure on the surface, the side of the glass on
which the pressure was applied could be determined from the distinctive characteristics
of the broken edges. The cracks will appear as circles around the point of impact, and
connecting one radiating crack on the next, will be present, thus forming triangular
pieces of glass. The formation of the cracks in the glass is a result of "stretching" of the
glass on the side opposite that on which the pressure is applied and a "compression" on
the other side.

The principle of 3RS’ Rule and RFC Rule for radial cracks and concentric cracks
respectively: 3RS’ Rule- “Stress lines on a radial crack will be at right angle to the rear
side of the glass”. The front side is referred to as the side which was struck.

RFC Rule “Stress lines on a concentric crack will be at right angle to the front
side”. That is the side from which the blow came, rather than the rear side.
III -OBSERVATION:

1. Paste the photographs you take from examination and identify what type of glass
fracture it produces.

WW

2. Describe the cracks produced.

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IV DOCUMENTATION:

Paste a picture of yourself doing the activity.

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