02 FTTX System Overview
02 FTTX System Overview
MA5600T/MA5603T/ V800R013
MA5608T/MA5608T
OBF000118 1.00
MA5616/MA5622A/ V800R313
MA5623A/MA5633
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FTTx System Overview
www.huawei.com
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Contents
1. FTTx Network Introduction
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FTTx Overview
A FTTx solution is a unified full-service access solution based on
the T-bit optical access platform and aiming at the ALL IP
network architecture.
FTTx solutions, which cover FTTH, FTTB, FTTC, FTTM and FTTO
buildup scenarios, provide full-service access including mobile
base station backhaul that have high-reliability, high-bandwidth,
and high-security features.
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FTTx Solution - Major Services
FTTx solutions provide multiple access services in different
scenarios, mainly including high-bandwidth IPTV service, open
access network (OAN) access of wholesale service mode, high-
rate Internet access service, and the private line access service
of the enterprise and cell cite.
Major Services Provided by an FTTx Solution
50M@HDTV Service
Open Access
Enterprise Access Service
Cell Site Access Service
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FTTx Solution - Network Application
Internet
softswitch
IP
IPTV
iManager N2000
OLT
splitter
FTTM:
MxU
E1
FTTB/O:
MxU ADSL model
Home geteway
FTTH:
ONT Enterprise
switch
PC
PC PC
PC
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FTTx Solution - Products
Curb Building
CO Home
•Medium
•Large xPON uplink •xDSL+POTS • Bridging
OLT MSAN MDU ONTs
•Medium
•Medium •LAN+POTS
xPON uplink •Bridging +
OLT MDU
DSLAM Voice ONTs
Integrated management
All the GPON series products can be management by iManager U2000 unified NMS
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Questions
Which scenarios can FTTx network support?
What are the main services FTTx network supports?
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Contents
1. FTTx Network Introduction
2.2 MxU
2.3 ONT
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FTTx Solution - Involved Equipment
FTTx Solution consists of OLT、MDU、CBU、SBU and ONT products.
MA5620/MA5626, MA5622A/MA5623,
MA5623A, MA5612A, MA5616, FTTB/FTTC
MA5652
MxU
MA5612, MA5628 FTTO
MA5698 FTTM
Bridge ONT HG8010
Bridge+Voice
HG8110, HG8240, HG8242, HG8240B
ONT ONT FTTH
HG8240R, HG8245, HG8247, HG8447,
Gateway ONT
HG8245T, HG8247T
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MA5600T/MA5603T/MA5608T
MA5600T, MA5603T and MA5608T are multi-service access
equipments launched by Huawei
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MA5600T/MA5603T/MA5608T
MA5600T Large Capacity:
Max number of GPON ports in a subrack: 256
Max number of XG-PON access ports in a subrack: 64
Max number of P2P ports in a subrack: 768
MA5608T
MA5608T Small Capacity:
Max number of GPON ports in a subrack: 32
Max number of XG-PON access ports in a subrack: 8
Max number of P2P ports in a subrack:96
MA5600T and MA5603T use the same software and hardware platforms, so the
O&M cost is reduced.
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MA5600T Service Subrack – ETSI
The ETSI service subrack is a 21-inch
subrack. It provides the integrated
optical-copper access platform and
the access of PON, MSAN and
DSLAM services.
Mounting brackets for installation
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MA5600T Service Subrack – ETSI
The ETSI service subrack provides 16 slots for service boards, 2
slots for control boards, 2 slots for power boards, 1 for
universal interface board and 2 for upstream interface boards.
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MA5600T Service Subrack – ETSI
The ETSI service subrack can be configured with different
service boards to support different functions.
Upper
User
Layer
Network
Network
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MA5600T Service Subrack – IEC
The IEC service subrack is a 19-inch subrack. It has 2 less service
slots than the ESTI subrack
21 slots in total:
14 slots for service boards
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MA5600T Service Subrack – IEC
Used in the oversea MSAN/DSLAM scenario
Upper
User
Layer
Network
Network
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MA5603T Chassis
The MA5603T chassis has a fan tray and an air filter in the left
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MA5603T Chassis
The MA5603T chassis provides 13 slots in total:
2 slots for power interface boards (PRTE)
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MA5603T Chassis
The MA5603T chassis can be configured with different service
boards to support different functions.
PDU
-48V input
ADSL2+ access
SHDSL access GE electrical port upstream
VDSL2 access
Upper
User P2P access MA5603T GE optical port upstream
Layer
Network Chassis
GPON access Network
10GE optical port upstream
10G GPON access
POTS access
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MA5608T Chassis
MA5608T provides the integrated optical-copper access platform and
the access of PON, MSAN and DSLAM services.
The MA5608T is 2 U high, it has a fan tray at the left to blow air for
heat dissipation.
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MA5608T Chassis
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MA5608T Chassis
The MA5608T chassis can be configured with different service
boards to support different functions.
PDU
-48V input
ADSL2+ access
GE electrical port upstream
VDSL2 access
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MA5600T/MA5603T/MA5608T Board List
Board Type Board Name
Control Board (SCU) SCUN, SCUL, SCUH, MCUD1, MCUE
GE Ports GICD, GICE, GICF, GICG, GICK, GSCA
Upstream Interface
10GE Ports X2CS
Board (GIU)
PON Ports P2CA
Universal Interface Board (GPIO) BIUA, CITD
Power Board PRTE, MPWC, MPWD
SPU SPUA, SPUC,SPUB, SPUF
Ethernet ETHB
TDM TOPA, CSPA
Service Board
GPON GPBC, GPBD, GPFD, XGBC
P2P OPFA, OPGD
ATM AIUG
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Control Board
Control Board: the Super Control Unit of the system
Configures, manages, and controls the device
Implements simple routing protocol functions
Port
Board Redundancy Backup Daughter Board
CON ETH ESC Upstream
SCUL Active/Standby Mode CKMC √ √ √ ×
Active/Standby Mode FLBA/CKMC/
SCUN √ √ √ 4GE
Load-sharing Mode M2XA
Active/Standby Mode
SCUH × √ √ √ 4 10GE
Load-sharing Mode
Active/Standby Mode 2 SFP GE
MCUD1 × √ √ ×
Load-sharing Mode 2 SFP+ GE/10GE
Active/Standby Mode
MCUE × √ √ × 4SFP GE
Load-sharing Mode
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Control Board – Interface
Port Function Connection
Use the local maintenance
serial port cable to
CON (RS-232 Supports local and
connect to the serial port
serial port) remote maintenance
of the maintenance
terminal.
ETH (10/100M Use the network cable to
Base-T Supports local and connect to the Ethernet
maintenance remote maintenance port of the maintenance
network port) terminal.
Use the environment
ESC (RS-485 Provides the
monitoring cable to
monitoring environment
connect to the serial port
serial port) monitoring channel.
of the monitored device.
Connect to subscriber
GE/10GE Use the optical fiber to
terminals or work as
optical ports connect to the peer device.
upstream ports.
SCUL SCUN SCUH
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Control Board – External Connections
SCUL
Uplink Interface GE
Board 10GE Maintenance Ports Maintenance
Terminal
GE SCUL
Service Board
10GE RS-485
EMU
-48V
Backplane
SCUN
Uplink Interface GE
Board 10GE Maintenance Ports Maintenance
Terminal
GE
Service Board
10GE SCUN RS-485
EMU
Standby SCUN 2*10GE
GE
IP Network
-48V
Backplane
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Control Board – External Connections
SCUH
Uplink
10GE
Interface Maintenance Ports Maintenance
Board Terminal
10GE
Service Board
20GE SCUH RS-485
EMU
Standby 2*20GE
SCUH 10GE
IP Network
-48V
Backplane
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Control Board – LED
RUN ALM: running status LED
Green: on for 1s and off for 1s repeatedly The board works in the normal state.
Red: on for 0.25s and off for 0.25s repeatedly The board is starting up.
Red: on The board is faulty.
ACT: active LED
Green: on The board is active.
Green: off The board is standby.
LINK(SCUN): link status LED
Green: on A connection is set up on the port.
Green: off No connection is set up on the port.
ACT(SCUN): data status LED
Yellow: blinks Data is being transmitted.
Yellow: off No data is being transmitted.
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Control Board – Daughter Board
Daughter Corresponding
Function
Board SCU Board
• Implements the VoIP logic forwarding function.
SCUN • Implements clock processing and provides the
CKMC
SCUL stratum-3 clock for the system.
• Supports BFD.
• Supports the VoIP logic forwarding function.
FLBA SCUN
• Supports BFD.
• Implements the VoIP logic forwarding function.
• Implements the MAC address extension function.
M2XA SCUN • Implements clock processing and provides the
stratum-3 clock for the system.
• Supports BFD.
Note: SCUH has NO VoIP daughter board. It is NOT used in the MSAN
scenario
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Control Board – MCUx
Port Function Connection
Use the local maintenance
CON (RS-232 Supports local and serial port cable to connect to
serial port) remote maintenance the serial port of the
maintenance terminal.
Use the network cable to
Supports local and
ETH (RJ45) connect to the Ethernet port
remote maintenance
of the maintenance terminal.
Use the environment
Provides the environment monitoring cable to connect to
Alarm (RJ45)
monitoring channel. the serial port of the
monitored device.
BITS/TOD (RJ-45 Transmits and receives The BITS/TOD port is connected
port) clock/time pulse signals. to the clock device using the
clock transfer cable.
Connect to subscriber
GE/10GE optical Use the optical fiber to
terminals or work as
ports connect to the peer device.
upstream ports. MCUD1 MCUE
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Control Board – External Connections
MCUD1 Maintenance Port Maintenance
GE
Service Board Terminal
10GE
alarm
EMU
Standby MCUD1 10GE
MCUD1 GE/10GE
IP Network
-48V BITS,
Backplane Upper layer
1PPS+TOD
MCUE Maintenance Port Maintenance
GE
Service Board Terminal
10GE
alarm
EMU
Standby MCUE 10GE MCUE GE
IP Network
-48V BITS,
Backplane Upper Layer
1PPS+TOD
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GPON Service Board
External connections of the GPON service board
GE/10GE SCUx
GPON
GPON Port 20GE
ONT Service
Board -48V
Backplane
GIU
G S
IP/MPLS
ONU P C
O U Gateway
N x GIU
PC
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GPON Service Board
GPON service boards work together with
ONTs to provide GPON access services
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10G GPON Service Board
XGBC is a 4-port 10G GPON interface board. It works
with the 10G GPON OLT to provide 10G GPON access.
Main functions:
Four 10G GPON XFP ports
ONU-based shaping
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P2P Interface Board
Point-to-point (P2P) interface boards work with
ONTs to provide P2P Ethernet optical access
services for users.
OPFA is a 16-port FE P2P optical interface board.
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P2P Interface Board
External connections of the P2P interface boards:
GIU
O O O S O
P P P C P
GE/10GE
G G G U G IP/MPLS
GIU
GE x
20GE
D D D D
EMS
P2P ONT
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Service Processing Board – SPUA
The SPUA board can be used for transmitting the service
upstream and converging the service streams
Enhanced L2 functions such as the S+C forwarding
Inter-board aggregation & Load sharing Port Optical Module
Switching capacity of 20G 8 * GE SFP
Converging the ETH access services 2 * 10GE SFP+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 121314 1516171819
FAN 4GE LAG PE
DSLAM 2GE LAG
P
R
T
X2CS
E
P
SS SS
R
IP/MPLS
LAN Switch T PP S S PP
E Core
…
C C 4GE LAG
B UU U U UU
X2CS
I
U AA AA
A 40GE Uplink
2GE LAG SPUA
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Service Processing Board – SPUC
The SPUC board can be used for transmitting the service
upstream and converging the service streams
Enhanced L2 functions such as the S+C forwarding
Inter-board aggregation & Load sharing
Switching capacity of 40G Port Optical Module
40 * GE bi-channel SFP
Converging the ETH access services
4* 10GE SFP+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 121314 1516171819
FAN 4GE LAG PE
DSLAM 2GE LAG
P
R
T
X2CS
E
P
SS SS
R IP/MPLS
LAN Switch T PP S S PP
E Core
…
C C 4GE LAG
B UU U U UU
X2CS
I
U CC CC
2GE LAG A 40GE Uplink
SPUC
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MPLS Service Process Board – SPUB
SPUB is a MPLS service process unit board. It supports
10Gbit/s MPLS switching capability
Unidirectional 10Gbit/s, bidirectional 5Gbit/s
(active/standby mode)
G S S
GIU
MPLS
ONT P C P
B U U
GIU
D x B
SPUB
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Multifunctional service Process Boar–
SPUF
SPUF supports both Layer 2 and Layer 3 forwarding modes. You can
run the router mode command to configure the Layer 3 forwarding
mode of the system..
When the basic Layer 3 forwarding mode is used, the SPUF board works in Layer
2 forwarding mode. The control board is used as a Layer 3 forwarding board.
When the enhanced Layer 3 forwarding mode is used, the SPUF board works in
Layer 3 forwarding mode. The H801SPUF board serves as a Layer 3 forwarding
board.
8 * GE
SPUF
4 * GE(Port 0-3)+ 4 * 10GE(Port 4-7)
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Ethernet Service Access Board – ETHB
ETHB is an Ethernet service access board
Ethernet upstream transmission & cascading
X2CS
E
P
EE EE
R IP/MPLS
LAN Switch T TT S S TT
E Core
…
C C 4GE LAG
B HH U U HH
I X2CS
U BB BB
2GE LAG A 40GE Uplink
ETHB
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TDM Service Board – TOPA
TOPA is a TDM Traffic Over PSN Board. It
uses the daughter board to transmit
services upstream
G S T STM-1
GPON P C O SDH/DDN
network B U P E1
D x A
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TDM Service Board – CSPA
CSPA is a CESoP Service Process Board.
CSPA
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Upstream Interface Board (GIU)
GIUs provide upstream or cascading ports for the system
Pluggable Module
Board Clock Feature Port Control Board
Optical Electrical
GICD × 4*GE ports √ (SFP) √ (SFP) SCUH
4*GE electrical
GICE × × × SCUH
ports
GICF × 2* GE ports √ (SFP) √ (SFP) SCUN/SCUL/SCUH
2*GE electrical
GICG × × × SCUN/SCUL/SCUH
ports
GE synchronous
GICK 2*GE ports √ (SFP) × SCUN/SCUL/SCUF/SCUH
Ethernet
GE synchronous
GSCA 4*GE ports √ (SFP) × SCUH
Ethernet
10GE synchronous
X2CS 2*10GE ports √ (SFP+) × SCUN/SCUF/SCUL/SCUH
Ethernet
P2CA × 2*PON ports √ (SFP) × SCUN
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GPIO Boards
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Power Board
Power Board
• One -48 V power input
• Under-voltage detection, detection of whether the input power exists, and fault
PRTE detection
• Combined reporting of the protection alarm and board online signal
• ALARM indicator
• Two -48 V DC inputs
• Detection of input undervoltage, power supply availability, and power supply faults
MPWC
• Reporting of the protection alarm together with board ready status
• Indication of power status
•Input AC voltage: -100 V to -240 V , Input AC frequency: 50 Hz to 60 Hz
•Battery port, a 3.3 V terminal socket, supporting DC input power
•Lead-acid battery input, reverse polarity protection, and fuse protection
MPWD •Output DC power voltage: -48 V (adjustable from -42 V to -57.6 V)
•Rated output power: 400 W , Alarm monitoring
•Battery low voltage disconnection; charge and discharge management of storage
batteries
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Questions
What are the differences between GPBC and GPBD?
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Contents
1. FTTx Network Introduction
2.2 MxU
2.3 ONT
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MxU Series
FTTB LAN FTTB/C DSL FTTM/FTTO
MA5626
MA5612: MA5622A/MA5623A MA5612: •XPON/GE
•XPON/GE •24VDSL2+24POTS •XPON/GE •8/16/24FE+POTS
•48POTS/2GE+22FE/8E1/RF • Support Vectoring •48POTS/2GE+22FE/ •8FE(POE)
8E1/RF •4GE+4FE(POE)
MA5620&MA5626 MA5628
•XPON/GE •XPON/GE
•8/16/24FE+8/16/24POTS •4GE/FE+4E1
•8FE(POE) MA5652
•4GE+4FE(POE) •GPON
•8/16/24VDSL2+1RF
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MA5616 Introduction
Mainly used in the FTTB, FTTC, FTTN, and leased line access
scenarios
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MA5616 Introduction
Height: 2U
Width: 19 inch
Control Board CCUB CCUC CCUE
• 1GE + 1GPON • 2 GE/GPON • 2 GE/GPON adaptive
Upstream Ports
• 2GE adaptive ports • 10G GPON
256 ADSL2+ 256 ADSL2+ 256 ADSL2+
Broadband 128 VDSL2 192 VDSL2 192 VDSL2 (Vectoring)
Maximum 64 SHDSL 64 SHDSL 64 SHDSL
Number of Narrowband 256 POTS / 32 ISDN
User Ports
Combo 128 ADSL2+ & 128 POTS
64 FE /
Ethernet N/A N/A
8 FE + 8 GE
Power Supply AC / AC + Backup Power / DC
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MA5616 Features – Combo Board
The combo board integrates ADSL2+ access, POTS access, and
embedded splitter together to support a high subscriber density,
and reduce carriers' maintenance costs
POTS
MDF Combo
ADSL
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MA5616 Applications
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MA5620 & MA5626 Introduction
Mainly used in FTTB scenarios
MA5626 16FE
MA5626 PoE
MA5620 8FE+8POTS
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MA5620 & MA5626 Introduction
MA5620/MA5626 provides a variety of configuration to
accommodate different user density
Device MA5620 MA5626
• 8/16/24 FE electrical ports
User • 8/16/24 POTS
• 4 FE + 4 GE electrical ports (PoE)
Ports • 8/16/24 FE electrical ports
• 8 FE electrical ports (reverse PoE)
• Dual GPON • Dual GPON
Upstream
• Dual GE • Dual GE
Ports
• 1 GPON + 1GE • 1 GPON + 1 GE
Power • 110V AC or 220V AC
• 110V AC or 220V AC
Supply • 220V AC (PoE mode)
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MA5626 Features – PoE
Power over Ethernet (PoE) enables MDUs to provide DC power,
in addition to data signals, to access terminals over existing
Ethernet cables
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MA5620 & MA5626 Applications
FTTB/C
PCs FE
MA5620
iManager U2000
POTS
Splitter BRAS
Phone
MA5626 GE Multicast Server
10GE
FE/GE
OLT
PCs
NGN/IMS
Video Monitoring
FE/GE Network
Storage Server
Camera
FE/GE
Monitoring
Point 1 MA5626
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MA5622A Introduction
Mainly used in FTTB and FTTC scenarios
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MA5622A Introduction
MA5622A configuration
User Port 24 VDSL2 + 24 POTS (support vectoring)
Upstream Port Can be configured with GPON or GE flexibly
Power Supply AC + Backup Power
MA5622A applications
VDSL2 iManager
POTS GE U2000
User MA5622A Splitter
OLT
Multicast-
VDSL2 Server
POTS
User MA5622A Switch
NGN/IMS
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MA5623A Introduction
Mainly used in FTTB and FTTC scenarios
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MA5623A Applications
User Remote Site CO Site Upper Layer
Network
FTTB/FTTC
Residential Area
MA5623A
OLT U2000
Residential Area
Mini DSLAM/MSAN
VDSL2
Residential Area
MA5623A LAN
Switch
Multicast Server
Residential Area
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MA5698 Introduction
MA5698 Multi-service Access Module (MA5694/MA5698 for short) is
an optical network unit (ONU)
User Port 16 E1
Upstream Port GPON / EPON / GE
Power Supply AC + Backup power / DC
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MA5698 Applications
access service of base station through a GE port .
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MA5612 Introduction
Supports FE/GE, POTS, E1/T1 and RF ports
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MA5612 Introduction
A card-insertion box-type device of 1U high
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MA5612 Applications
FTTM
E1/T1
BTS CATV Server
iManager U2000
FE/GE
Node B MA5612
E1/T1/POTS OLT
PBX NGN/IMS
FE/GE
MA5612 Optical Beam
Enterprise Splitter Combiner
Router SDH/
FTTB/C Metro
Enterprise
LAN/POTS Headquarters
Community
LAN/RF
E1/GE
MA5612
Community
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MA5628 Introduction
Two device models:
Outdoor & Box-type
Outdoor
Box-type
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MA5628 Introduction
Configurations and dimensions of the MA5628
Integrated Standalone
User Port 4 GE + 4 E1/T1 4 GE + 4 E1/T1
Upstream Port GPON GPON
Power Supply Mode AC AC/DC
Without mounting brackets:
• 442 x 220 x 43.6 mm
Width x Depth x Height 450 x 305 x 110 mm
With mounting brackets:
• 482.6 x 220 x 43.6 mm
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MA5628 Applications
Base Station Private Line Access
E1/T1
iManager U2000
BTS
GE
Node B MA5628 Multicast Server
OLT
Enterprise Router
E1/GE
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Questions
How many types of MxU?
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Contents
1. FTTx Network Introduction
2.2 MxU
2.3 ONT
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ONT Series
HG8240 HG8245/HG8245T
4 LAN + 2 POTS 4 LAN + 2 POTS
1 USB
Wi-Fi
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ONT Series
Type Product Name User-to-Network Interface (UNI)
Bridging HG8010 1GE
HG8110 1POTS + 1GE
HG8240 2POTS + 4FE/GE
Bridging + Voice
HG8242 2POTS + 4GE + 1RF
HG8240B 2POTS + 4GE
HG8240R 2POTS + 4FE
HG8245 2POTS + 4FE/GE + USB + Wi-Fi
HG8247 2POTS + 4GE + USB + RF + Wi-Fi
Gateway
HG8447 4POTS + 4GE + USB + RF + Wi-Fi
HG8245T 2POTS + 4GE + USB + Wi-Fi
HG8247T 2POTS + 4GE + USB + RF + Wi-Fi
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ONT Network Applications
PC
Phone
TV STB
HGW Bridging IPTV
ONT Headend
PC
Phone
Bridging + Optical
TV STB Voice ONT Splitter OLT
NGN/IMS
TV STB
Gateway
Phone ONT
PC
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Bridging ONT – HG8010
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Bridging + Voice ONT – HG8240
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Gateway ONT – HG8245
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Gateway ONT – HG8247
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Questions
How many services does HG8240 support?
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Contents
1. FTTx Network Introduction
2.2 MxU
2.3 ONT
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FTTH Solution
NGN/IMS
IPTV
PC Headend
ONT
TV STB PE-AGG
HGW
OLT UPE
Metro PE-AGG
Phone
Network
Optical
PC UPE
Splitter
ONT
STB
TV
Phone
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FTTB/FTTC Solution
An FTTB solution is applicable to enterprise
buildings, or the apartments where medium-
and- high density people live in. In an FTTB
solution, the OLT is connected by optical fibers
to the ONUs installed in building corridors, and OLT
MA5600T
the ONUs are connected to all user terminals by
twisted pairs, so as to provide voice, data, and
Splitter
video services to the users in the building.
PC
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FTTO Solution
Typical FTTO networking application
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FTTO-Enterprise Access Service
Networking application of enterprise Internet access service
FE
SBU
FE Optical OLT
Splitter
GE/10GE
SBU
GE
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FTTO-Enterprise Access Service
Private line interconnection application when the enterprise HQ
and the branches use different OLTs
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FTTO-Enterprise Access Service
Private line interconnection when the enterprise HQ and the
branches are connected to the same OLT
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FTTO-Enterprise Access Service
Enterprise PBX access
MA5612
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FTTM Solution
Full-service carriers hope to carry 2G and 3G voice and mobile data services on a
unified ME network. The carriers expect to use abundant PON resources to carry
mobile services on an integrated plat form. This type of carriers can adopt the
combined solution of MA5680T +MA5612 or the combined solution of MA5680T +
MA5628, as shown in figure.
BTS BSC
PTN/
PON OLT
CBU CX600
GE
ME RNC
SDH
Node B
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FTTM Solution
TDM Service-based Base Station Access to the SDH Network
Application Through Private Line (Carried by the GPON Line)
NodeB SDH
ONU
N*E1
RNC
TDM Native TDM E1/STM-1
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FTTM Solution
ETH service-based base station private line access application
(QinQ private line)
NodeB
ONU RNC
FE/GE
OLT
GE/10GE CX600
NodeB GE
PSN
ONU RNC
FE/GE
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Vectoring Solution
cooper
CPE
CPE
CPE
cooper
CPE
CPE
CPE
cooper
CPE
CPE
CPE
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10G GPON Solution
OLT
GPON ONU
Telecom
OSS NMS
business
GPON
GPON ONU
10G GPON
Asymmetric 10G
Coexist WDM1r is added in GPON ONU
OSS is upgraded to NMS is upgraded to reusing ODN, and
support 10G GPON support 10G GPON the fibers are
service OLT connected GPON ONU
service
Asymmetric 10G
10G GPON GPON ONU
Asymmetric 10G
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Questions
How to provide enterprise VPN service through FTTx solution?
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Summary
In this course, we have learned:
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Thank you
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