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DDM 2-A5: General Anatomy Sas 1: The Upper Limb

The forearm contains 3 compartments of muscles - anterior, lateral, and posterior. The anterior muscles are primarily responsible for flexion and pronation while the lateral and posterior muscles are responsible for extension and supination. The forearm muscles influence the elbow, wrist, and digits. The wrist contains 8 small carpal bones and is supplied by flexor and extensor muscles that control wrist movement.

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Kathleen Abegail Bacay Nalzaro
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© © All Rights Reserved
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116 views

DDM 2-A5: General Anatomy Sas 1: The Upper Limb

The forearm contains 3 compartments of muscles - anterior, lateral, and posterior. The anterior muscles are primarily responsible for flexion and pronation while the lateral and posterior muscles are responsible for extension and supination. The forearm muscles influence the elbow, wrist, and digits. The wrist contains 8 small carpal bones and is supplied by flexor and extensor muscles that control wrist movement.

Uploaded by

Kathleen Abegail Bacay Nalzaro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Nalzaro, Kathleen Abegail B.

DDM 2-A5

GENERAL ANATOMY SAS 1: THE UPPER LIMB

Check for Understanding (45 minutes)


Student will answer these questions and will rationalize this. Teacher will then confirm if answers are
correct and synchronously rationalize with the students. Students will be given 45 minutes to answer
the activity sheet.

1. This artery enters the upper arm on the medial side of the Humerus and is accompanied
throughout its course by the median nerve:
a. Ulnar Artery c. Radial Artery
b. Vertebral Artery d. Brachial Artery

Answer: d. Brachial Artery


Rationalization:

Which of the following statements is true of the radial artery?


a. All of these
b. It runs down the lateral side of the front of the forearm supplying muscles along its course
c. It is principally concerned with supplying blood to the thumb and index finger, and the
formation of deep-palmar arch
d. It reaches the wrist at the base of the thumb where its pulsation is readily felt

Answer: b. It runs down the lateral side of the front of the forearm supplying muscles along
its course
Rationalization:

3. Shoulder ROM 140deg in standing, 100deg in supine, what muscle is affected?


a. Supraspinatus
b. Deltoid Atrophy
c. Pronator Teres
d. Latissimus Dorsi
Answer: a. Supraspinatus
Rationalization

4. Tenderness of the snuffbox may be indicative of:


a. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
b. Colle’s Fracture
c. Scaphoid Fracture
d. De Quervain’s tenosynovitis

Answer: c. Scaphoid Fracture


Rationalization:

The tendon of this muscle is primarily involved in lateral epicondylitis


a. ECRB
b. Supinator
c. EDC
d. ECRL

Answer: a. ECRB
Rationalization:

6. True of the biceps, EXCEPT:


a. Supinates the forearm at any position, speed, with or without load
b. Effectiveness as a supinator is almost 4x as the supinator with the elbow flexed at 90
degrees
c. Decreases effectiveness as a supinator as the elbow is extended
d. Most effective as a supinator when the elbow is flexed at 145 degrees

Answer: c. Decreases effectiveness as a supinator as the elbow is extended


Rationalization

7. The appearance of the hand in an ulnar nerve lesion is characterized by:


a. Atrophy of the hypothenar eminence
b. Guttering
c. Abducting positions of the St h finger
d. All the above

Answer: c. Abducting positions of the 5th finger


Rationalization

8. Floor of the anatomical snuffbox


a. Navicular
b. Lunate
c. Trapezium
d. Triquetrum

Answer: c. Trapezium
Rationalization:

9. Long horn sign


a. Partial radial nerve injury
b. Partial ulnar nerve injury
c. Avulsion of the extensor tendons
d. Complete posterior nerve injury

Answer: a. Partial radial nerve injury


Rationalization:

10. True about biceps, EXCEPT:


a. Supinates the forearm in any position, speed, with or without load
b. Effectiveness as a supinator is almost 4x as the supinator with the elbow flexed at 90
degrees
c. Decreases effectiveness as a supinator as the elbow is extended
d. Most effective as a supinator when the elbow is flexed at 145 degrees

Answer: d. Most effective as a supinator when the elbow is flexed at 145 degress
Rationalization:

11. Inability to elevate the arm above the horizontal results from an injury to the:
a. Suprascpular nerve
b. Axillary nerve
c. Long thoracic nerve
d. Dorsal scapular nerve

Answer: c. Long thoracic nerve


Rationalization:

12. What nerve is involved in opening a door


a. Ulnar
b. Median
c. Radial
d. Musculocutaneous

Answer: c. Radial
Rationalization:

13. Nerve most likely affected in wrist slashing:


a. Ulnar nerve
b. Median
c. Radial
d. Musculocutaneous

Answer: b. Median
Rationalization:

14. All of the following are rotator cuff muscles, EXCEPT:


a. Supraspinatus
b. Teres Major
c. Infraspinatus
d. Subscapularis

Answer: b. Teres Major


Rationalization:

1S. The insertion of the latissimus dorsi muscle is:


a. Occipital bone
b. Floor of bicipital groove of Humerus
c. Medial border of scapula
d. Transverse processes

Answer: b. Floor of bicipital groove of Humerus


Rationalization:

16. All these muscles insert in greater tubercle of the humerus, except:
a. Teres Minor
b. Supraspinatus
c. Subscapularis
d. Infraspinatus

Answer: c. Subscapularis
Rationalization:

17. It is a muscle with an extensive origin in the humerus that inserts on the ulnar tuberosity with
primary action of flexing the elbow
a. Biceps brachii
b. Triceps
c. Brachialis
d. Brachioradialis

Answer: c. Brachialis
Rationalization:

18. Mobility of the shoulder is made possible by these bony articulations


a. All of these
b. Acromioclavicular
c. Sternoclavicular
d. Glenohumeral
Answer: a. All of these
Rationalization:

19. In the rotator cuff, what is the pure internal rotator of the shoulder
a. Supraspinatus
b. Subscapularis
c. Teres minor
d. Infraspinatus

Answer: b. Subscapularis
Rationalization:

20. These muscles are supplied by the dorsal scapular nerve:


a. Rhomboid major
b. Subscapularis
c. Latissimus dorsi
d. Subscapularis

Answer: a. Rhomboid Major


Rationalization:

21. Arises from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus, supplies the coracobrachialis muscle, and
leaves the axilla by piercing that muscle
a. Medial pectoral nerve
b. Radial Nerve
c. Axillary Nerve
d. Musculocutaneous Nerve

Answer: d. Musculocutaneous Nerve


Rationalization:

These nerves arise from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus, except:
a. Lateral Root of the median nerve
b. Lateral Pectoral Nerve
c. Musculocutaneous Nerve
d. NOTA
e. AOTA
Answer: d. NOTA
Rationalization:
23. These tendons work only in unison by limiting the three, the fourth is also limited. This is
demonstrated by flexing the finger at any given distal IP joint, the subject is unable to
accomplish such individual flexion:
a. None of these
b. Flexor digitorum superficialis
c. Flexor digitorum profundus
d. Interossei
e. Lumbricals

Answer: c. Flexor digitorum profundus


Rationalization:

24. This muscle/s responsible for initiation of shoulder abduction is/are _:


a. Deltoids
b. Supraspinatus
c. Both
d. Neither

Answer: b. Supraspinatus
Rationalization:

2S. Metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joint extension is primarily the action of


I. Interossei
II. Lumbricals
III. Extensor digitorum communis
IV. Extensor carpi ulnaris
V. Extensor carpi radialis
a. I and II only
b. I, II and III only
c. III onIy
d. III, IV and V only
e. All are correct

Answer: a. I and II only


Rationalization:
II. Summarize the Muscles of the forearm and wrist.

The forearm (lower arm; antebrachium) is the upper limb segment extending from the elbow to
the wrist. The forearm muscles are divided into three osseofascial compartments: anterior,
lateral, and posterior. The muscles have an influence on the elbow, wrist, and digits. The
anterior compartment muscles are primarily responsible for flexion or pronation, whereas the
lateral and posterior compartment muscles are responsible for extension or supination. The
anterior compartment is supplied by the median and ulnar nerves, while the lateral and posterior
compartments are supplied by the radial nerve.

The wrist (carpus) is made up of eight small carpal bones that connect the forearm and hand. In
clinical terms, the wrist is a common site of injury.
Wrist Muscles, Flexors: Muscles that cross the wrist joint and cause the "palm" of your hand to
move toward the forearm. Extensors: are muscles that cross the wrist joint and cause the back
of the hand to move towards the forearm.

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