PROFIBUS

in the Process Industries #2

Audio: call (641) 715-3222
use access Code: 597-800-879
(no audio via the web)
We will begin at 2:00pm ET, 1:00pm CT, 12:00n MT, 11:00am PT

Questions (live version): Enter your question at any time during the
presentation in the “Question and Answer” frame. We’ll address it
at the end of the webinar.

Questions (archived version): Email your question to

[email protected]. We’ll answer in a day or two.
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 Presenters

Moderator: Mike Aldridge, Technical Director, PTO.

PTO is the non-profit, member-supported organization
that educates North America about PROFIBUS and
PROFINET.
.

Presenter: Ron Mitchell,

PROFIBUS Consulting Engineer,
RC Systems LLC
Certified PROFIBUS Network Engineer
Certified PA Network Engineer

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Webinar Sponsors

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Training Sponsors

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 Resources
• Archived Webinars, us.profibus.com:

Archived Webinars
PROFIBUS Process #1

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 PROFIBUS PA

MBP
PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer

www.us.profibuwww.us.profibus.com
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s.com
PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• References to PROFIBUS PA Imply Use of
MBP (An IEC 61158-2 Physical Layer)
– Typically For Use in Explosive Environments

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• Protocol Is Based on Standard PROFIBUS
DPV0 and DP Extended (DPV1) Protocol
– DPV0 Basic For Cyclic I/O & Diagnostics
• Input Process Variables, Output Set Points, etc.
• Reporting Measurement Failure, Zero Point Error, etc.
– DPV1 Extensions For Acyclic Messages
• On-Demand Access of Device Parameters
– Reading Measured Value Attribute, i.e., Pressure
– Setting Measuring Units, i.e., Atm, mm Hg, mm H2O, etc.
– Standard Master Controls I/O Data Exchange for
All Field Devices
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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• MBP Physical Setup
– Physical Layer Based on MBP(-IS) from IEC 61158
• Manchester-encoded, Bus-Powered (Intrinsically Safe)
– Synchronous Data Transfer With Manchester Coding
– Power AND Data Are Transferred Via the Same Cable
– Different Components Than RS485 for the Physical Setup
(Cable, Connectors, Termination…)
– Rules Regarding Topology and Length According to
MBP(-IS)
– Transmission Rate Is 31.25Kbaud
– Same as FF – Both Came From SP50

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• FF Uses Two Protocols: HSE & FF
• PROFIBUS Uses a Single Protocol, Regardless
of the Medium
– RS485
SD LE LEr SDr DA SA FC DU.. FCS ED

– MBP
P SOF SD LE LEr SDr DA SA FC DU.. CRC EOF

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 PROFIBUS Physical Layers - MBP
• PROFIBUS RS485 - MBP Interfaces
– Non-Transparent, High-Speed
• Siemens
– DP/PA Link & Couplers: Up to 12,000,000 bits/sec

DP/PA Link DP/PA Segment Coupler

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PROFIBUS Physical Layers - MBP
• PROFIBUS RS485 - MBP Interfaces
– Transparent, Low-Speed
• Pepperl+Fuchs
– SK1: 93,750 bits/sec
• Siemens
– DP/PA Coupler: 45,450 bits/sec

DP/PA Segment Coupler

(Used Stand-Alone)

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PROFIBUS Physical Layers - MBP
• PROFIBUS RS485 - MBP Interfaces
– Transparent, High-Speed
• ABB
– LD 800P: Up to 12,000,000 bits/sec

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PROFIBUS Physical Layers - MBP
• PROFIBUS RS485 - MBP Interfaces
– Transparent, High-Speed
• Pepperl+Fuchs
– SK2: Up to 12,000,000 bits/sec
– FieldConnex Power Hub : Up to 12,000,000 bits/sec

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• PROFIBUS RS485 - MBP Interface
– Non-Transparent, High-Speed
PLC/
DCS

RS485
12Mbaud

Siemens DP/PA Link + Couplers(1-5)

Link & Couplers
GSD
Slave address ⇒ MBP-IS
31.25 Kbaud

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• Non-Transparent, High-Speed Interface –
Device Addressing
1
RS485 PROFIBUS
Addresses 1 - 125
RS485 PROFIBUS
RS485/MBP Link Interface is Available
an RS485 Slave With an Up to 12MBaud
ADDRESS

9
24 V Coupler Has
NO
ADDRESS
Addresses 3 - 125
Available for
MBP Devices

DCS/PLC Master Does

Not See MBP Slave
3 4 Directly by Address

PROFIBUS MBP 31.25Kbaud

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• Non-Transparent, High-Speed Interface Device
Addressing – Flexible Architecture
– Drop Into Process Areas Wherever Needed RS485 PROFIBUS
– Each Interface Has a Separate Address Space Addresses 1 - 125
1 Available
PROFIBUS RS485
Up to 12MBaud

9 23 11
24 V 24 V 24 V
MBP PROFIBUS MBP PROFIBUS MBP PROFIBUS
Addresses 3 - 125 Addresses 3 - 125 Addresses 3 - 125
Available Available Available

3 4 3 4 3 4
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PROFIBUS MBP @ 31.25Kbaud PROFIBUS MBP @ 31.25Kbaud
PROFIBUS MBP @ 31.25Kbaud
PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• PROFIBUS RS485 - MBP Interface
– Transparent, Low-Speed – Siemens, P+F

One PROFIBUS
1 RS485-MBP Address Space
PROFIBUS RS485 1-125
at 45.45, 93.75kbaud Coupler

24 V 24 V

GSD GSD GSD GSD

3 9 10 15
PROFIBUS MBP @ 31.25Kbaud www.us.profibus.com
PROFIBUS MBP @ 31.25Kbaud
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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• PROFIBUS RS485 - MBP Interface
– Transparent, High-Speed – ABB, P+F
RS485-MBP One PROFIBUS
PROFIBUS RS485
Up to 12MBaud Coupler Address Space
1 1-125

24 V 24 V

GSD GSD GSD GSD

3 9 10 15
PROFIBUS MBP @ 31.25Kbaud www.us.profibus.com
PROFIBUS MBP @ 31.25Kbaud
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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• Flexible Architecture – All Interface Solutions

PROFIBUS RS485
High-Speed Discretes – Front-End & Back-End
PROFIBUS
Master
System

MBP Segments Can be Distributed

Along RS485 Bus as Needed…Not
Required to Originate at Master MBP MBP MBP
Segment Segment Segment

AS-Interface AS-Interface AS-Interface

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Bus Bus Bus
PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• Connection Technology - MBP

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• Connection Technology - MBP

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• MBP Network Termination

Termination:
•Acts as a shunt
•Prevents Reflections (Secondarily)

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• What Does Intrinsic Safety Get You?
– Elimination of Use of Expensive Traditional
Technologies
• Explosion Proof Instruments/Enclosures
• Pressurized Enclosures
• Purged Enclosures
• Submersion
– Oil
– Sand

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• MBP Network Setup Rules – Intrinsically
Safe Models
– Entity Model – “Concentrated” Capacitance
& Inductance
• Original IS Model (1950s) – Used for 4-20mA
– FISCO Model – “Distributed” Capacitance &
Inductance
• Fieldbus Intrinsically Safe COncept

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• Key Advantages of FISCO vs Entity Model
– Higher Bus Current, Allowing More Field Devices per
Segment
– Elimination of Cable Parameter Calculations
– Simplification of the Safety Documentation – Just a
List of Devices
– Addition of New Devices Without Reviewing the
Segment for Intrinsic Safety

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• MBP Network Setup Rules – Maximum
Segment Lengths
– Theoretical Maximums Based on Cable
Type

Possibly Existing Wiring / Instrumentation Cable

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• MBP Network Setup Rules – Maximum
Segment/Spur Lengths
– Hazardous Area Cable Length Maximums
for Different Models Using Type A Cable

60m

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• MBP Device Requirements For Intrinsic
Safety Models: Entity, FISCO
– Uses the “Manchester-Encoded Bus
Powered” Physical Layer in Accordance
With IEC 61158-2
– Acts As a Passive Current Sink (Only One
Power Source Allowed On a Segment)
– Basic Current Consumption ≥ 10 mA

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• MBP Device & Power Source Requirements
For All Intrinsically Safe Segments - No
Matter Which Model Is Used
– The Device Parameters (Ui, Ii, Pi), Must Satisfy
the Following Conditions In Relation to the
Power Source Parameters (Uo, Io, Po ):
• Ui ≥ Uo for the Power Source
• Ii ≥ Io for the Power Source
• Pi ≥ Po for the Power Source

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• MBP Device Requirements For FISCO
Intrinsically Safe Model
– The Device Parameter Requirements Shown Here
Are For FISCO-Certified Instruments
• Ci ≤ 5 nF
• Li ≤ 10 µH

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• MBP Cable Requirements For FISCO
Intrinsically Safe Model
– Cable Used in FISCO Installation Must Meet
the Following:
• Resistance: 15 Ω/km < R’ < 150 Ω /km
• Inductance: 0.4 mH/Km ≤ L’ ≤ 1 mH/km
• Capacitance: 45 nF/km ≤ C’ ≤ 200 nF/km

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 PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• Network Topology – Entity Model
Spur
Lines
PROFIBUS RS485

Star

Termination (Main) Line

24 V
At Ends of
Longest PROFIBUS MBP T Branch Termination
Cable Run
At Ends of
Longest
Cable Run
Entity And/Or FISCO Certified Devices
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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• IS Calculations – Entity Model
– Since the Entity Model Imposed No Capacitance
& Inductance Requirements on Either Devices or
Cable, They Must Be Incorporated Into the IS
Calculations
• The Common Device Parameters Must Be Checked
(Ui ≥ Uo , Ii ≥ Io , Pi ≥ Po)
• Additionally, the Following Conditions Must Be
Satisfied:
– (Lcable + ∑Li devices) ≤ Lo of Power Source
– (Ccable + ∑Ci devices) ≤ Co of Power Source
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 PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• Network Topology – FISCO Model
Spur
Line
PROFIBUS RS485

Star

Termination (Main) Line

24 V
At Ends of
Longest PROFIBUS MBP T Branch Termination
Cable Run
At Ends of
Longest
Only FISCO Certified Devices Cable Run

(and Associated Apparatus)

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• IS Calculations – FISCO Model
– Relationship of Device/Power Source
Parameters Are Implicit for FISCO-Certified
Devices and Components
Power Supply Field Device
Uo O 17.5V Ui P 17.5V
Io O 380mA Ii P 380mA
Po O 5.32W Pi P 5.32W
--- Ci O 5nF
--- Li O 10uH

– Maximum Segment & Spur Lengths Must be

Observed
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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• Calculating IS Load – How Many Devices?
– Total Current Consumption:
• ∑Iq + <Active Components I Usage> + Highest IFDE
– Most Field Barriers, Segment Protectors, Short-Circuit-Protected
Junction Boxes Use Some Current & Induce Some Voltage Drop.
Two Types Are:
• Current-Limiting (Limits SC Draw to 40-60mA)
- Check Trip Current
• Fold-Back (Disconnects SC, Draws 2mA)

– FISCO Power Source Delivers ~115mA(IIC)

– Entity Power Source Delivers ~80mA(IIC)
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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• Calculating IS Load – How Many Devices?
– Voltage Must Be 9V at End of Cable Run
• Calculate Voltage Drop for Cable Run and Current
Draws of the Devices
– Type A Cable Resistance Is 44 Ω/Km
– Quick & Dirty Calculation
• Assume All Devices at “Last” Drop
– If Calculated Voltage is <9V, Recalculate Using Real
Network Geometry

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• Calculating Bus Load – How Long?
– Devices Require 9V to Operate
• Type A Cable Resistance is 44Ω/km (.044 Ω /m)V?
Uout=12.8V
225m 225m 225m 225m

P/S 20mA
18mA 18mA 17mA 17mA
100m

• Voltage at Last Device =

12.8V- [.044 Ω /m*(100m*18mA + 325m*18mA +
550*17m+775*17mA+1000*20mA)]
• Voltage at Last Device = 12.8V- (.0792V + 0.2574V +
0.4114V+0.5797V+0.88V) = 12.8V – 2.21V = 10.59V 
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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• Non-IS Calculations
– Only Concerned About Total Current Draw &
Voltage at Last Device

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• High-Power Trunk Line Concept
– High Voltage /Current On Trunk Line (30V/500mA)
• Assumes No “Hot” Maintenance On Trunk Line
• Trunk Lies in Div 2 Area
• Can Get Longer Trunk Line, More Power
– Field Barriers Are Utilized to Interface the Trunk to the
IS Spurs (Galvanic Isolation Between Trunk & Spurs)
• Energy Is Limited On the Spur Connections
– One Device Per Spur
• Spurs Are Short-Circuit Protected
• Spurs May Be 120m In Length
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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• High-Power Trunk Line Concept

PROFIBUS RS485

P/S Class I/Div 2

30V, 500mA

Barrier Barrier Barrier

Intrinsically Safe SC Protection Class I/Div 1 Isolated

FISCO or Entity Devices

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 PROFIBUS Physical Layers - MBP
• High-Power Trunk Line Concept
– Vendors With Field Barrier Solutions
• ABB, FB-900 Series

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 PROFIBUS Physical Layers - MBP
• High-Power Trunk Line Concept
– Vendors With Field Barrier Solutions
• Moore-Hawke, RMA-100 Series

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 PROFIBUS Physical Layers - MBP
• High-Power Trunk Line Concept
– Vendors With Field Barrier Solutions
• MTL/Relcom, 9311-FB & 9312-FB
• Pepperl+Fuchs, FieldConnex Power Hub

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 PROFIBUS Physical Layers - MBP
• High-Power Trunk Line Concept
– Vendors With Field Barrier Solutions
• Stahl, 9411/21 Series

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 PROFIBUS Physical Layers - MBP
• High-Power Trunk Line Concept
– Vendors With Field Barrier Solutions
• Stonel, 4610xx & 4650xx Series

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 PROFIBUS Physical Layers - MBP
• High-Power Trunk Line Concept
– Vendors With Field Barrier Solutions
• Turck, MBD48-T415/Ex

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• MBP Redundancy – Moore-Hawke Solution

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PROFIBUS PA Physical Layer - MBP
• MBP Redundancy – Siemens Solution

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 Resources
• More training available, see us.profibus.com:

Certified Network Engineer training

PROFIBUS
And
PROFINET

Upcoming Webinars
PROFIBUS Process
2, 3 & 4

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• Thank You.
• PROFIBUS in the Process Industries
Webinar # 3
Monday July 28th
2:00pm ET

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