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Smoke Ventilation

The document discusses strategies for improving safety and comfort in apartment blocks through smoke ventilation. It describes how land-locked corridors can overheat and presents natural and mechanical ventilation approaches using stairwells, smoke shafts, and automatic opening vents. Adaptive comfort standards are referenced and results shown that meeting category II or III expectations through open vents, a smoke vent, and corridor window. Other measures like efficient lighting, venting risers, and boiler efficiency are recommended to further reduce overheating risk.

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55 views50 pages

Smoke Ventilation

The document discusses strategies for improving safety and comfort in apartment blocks through smoke ventilation. It describes how land-locked corridors can overheat and presents natural and mechanical ventilation approaches using stairwells, smoke shafts, and automatic opening vents. Adaptive comfort standards are referenced and results shown that meeting category II or III expectations through open vents, a smoke vent, and corridor window. Other measures like efficient lighting, venting risers, and boiler efficiency are recommended to further reduce overheating risk.

Uploaded by

Zzzddd
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WILL PERKINS

GROUP MANAGING DIRECTOR

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


Hot Corridors?

Automatic measures to improve safety


and comfort in apartment blocks

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


Why Smoke Ventilation?

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


Why Smoke Ventilation?

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


Planning and Design
BS 9991, 8519, 7346 – 8

Guidance on Smoke
Control to Common
Escape Routes in
Apartment Buildings
(Flats and Maisonettes)

CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS
REGULATION

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


Planning and Design

Provision of Adequate
Conservation of Energy Ventilation
Land Locked Corridors Overheat

Stair Well Lift

Circulation

AOV
Land Locked Corridors Overheat
Land Locked Corridors Overheat
Land Locked Corridors Overheat
Controlled Ventilation…….

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


Hot Corridors – Land locked

Stair Well Lift

Circulation

AOV
Hot Corridors – Natural Ventilation

Stair Well Lift

Circulation

AOV
Natural Ventilation - Basics
Night Time Purge
Typical Corridor

Typical internal corridor

Stair Well Lift

Circulation

AOV
How Natural Ventilation might work
How Natural Ventilation might work

Corridor

Stairwell

Smoke shaft
How Natural Ventilation might work
Cool external air enters the stairwell
The air moves into the corridor
Heat from the corridor becomes entrained
Warm stale air exits through the smoke shaft
Planning and Design

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


Planning and Design

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


Planning and Design

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


Planning and Design

Smoke Shaft 1 Smoke Shaft 2


Planning and Design

Stairwell Smoke Shaft


Equipment:Smoke Shaft Doors
Equipment: Smoke Shaft Dampers

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


Equipment: Façade AOVs
Equipment: Fan Sets

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


Equipment: Roof Mounted AOVs

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


Equipment: Controls for Smoke

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


Control Considerations

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


Equipment: Environmental Control
• Control Natural Ventilation to deliver fresh
external air only when required.
Thermostat

Rain Sensor

Temperature Outside air temperature


data logging
Performance

• Insert video of smoke extract in corridor here


Commissioning

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


Maintenance
Use
• Responsibility
Once the building is in
use the management • Testing instructions and
regime should
be maintained. Failure to
regularity (BS 9991)
take proper management
responsibility
• Management
may result in
prosecution.
• Log Book
(Regulatory Reform Order
2005)
• Staff Training
• BS7346 - 8

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


What sort of performance can we expect?

Typical heat loads were


19W/m² represents heat gain from hot water pipes,
constantly on
2W/m² Heat gains from lighting
90W/person from occupant heat gain, occupancy pattern
as per National calculation methodology

Local CIBSE Design Summer Year (DSY) weather file

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


When is a corridor overheating?
CIBSE Guide A
Minimise Heat Gains to Reduce Risk

Reduce heat gains from lighting:


Energy efficient lighting on PIR control

Reduce solar heat gains from glazing:


Low g-value glazing
Brise Soleil
When is a corridor overheating?

CIBSE Guide A

There are problems with fixed threshold temperatures

London DSY weather file has 72 hours ≥28°C, a hot,


but not extreme summer

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


When is a corridor overheating?
Adaptive Comfort
When is a corridor overheating?
Adaptive Comfort

CIBSE TM52 BS EN 15251:2007


When is a corridor overheating?
Adaptive Comfort
Cat I – high level
expectation
Cat II – normal level
expectation
Cat III – moderate
level existing buildings
Cat IV – Only
accepted for limited
part of year

CIBSE TM52 BS EN 15251:2007


When is a corridor overheating?
Adaptive Comfort
Cat I – high level
expectation
Cat II – normal level
expectation
Cat III – moderate
level existing buildings
Cat IV – Only
accepted for limited
part of year

CIBSE TM52 BS EN 15251:2007


Adaptive Comfort
Adaptive Comfort

CIBSE
Guide A

Open smoke
vent
+ open low
level vent
+ corridor
window

FAIL FAIL FAIL


Results

Adaptive
Comfort

Open smoke
vent
+ open low
level vent
+ corridor
Pass window
Mechanical Extract
Number of Hours, as a percentage, Dry Resultant Temperature Exceeds 28°C
30%

25%
Percentage of hours over 28°C

20%

15% 1 ACH

2 ACH

10% 4 ACH

1%

5%

0%
GF 1st 2nd 3rd
Corridor circulation
What else can help ?

• Internal lighting to be on sensors, not switches

• LED Lighting

• Venting the vertical risers (mechanical and electrical if


required)

• Running the boiler efficiently (not high temperatures)

• Real time monitoring or 3 month download of data

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment


THANK YOU

Creating a Healthier and Safer Environment

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