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Objectives: On Completion of This Period, You Would Be Able To Know About

- The motor is disconnected from the power supply and its field connections are reversed. This causes the motor to act as a generator. - A variable resistor is connected in series with the motor. Braking torque is produced which slows the motor down. - Dynamic braking provides greater braking torque, does not draw energy from the supply, and stops the motor rapidly. However, it wastes kinetic energy and depends on the power supply.

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Mohan
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30 views14 pages

Objectives: On Completion of This Period, You Would Be Able To Know About

- The motor is disconnected from the power supply and its field connections are reversed. This causes the motor to act as a generator. - A variable resistor is connected in series with the motor. Braking torque is produced which slows the motor down. - Dynamic braking provides greater braking torque, does not draw energy from the supply, and stops the motor rapidly. However, it wastes kinetic energy and depends on the power supply.

Uploaded by

Mohan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Objectives

On completion of this period, you would be able to


know about

• Dynamic braking of D.C series motor

• Advantages and disadvantages of dynamic braking

• Applications

• Solved problems
Dynamic braking to D.C series motor
• The motor is disconnected from the supply and field
connections are reversed
• The motor is connected in series with a variable
resistance ‘R’
• The machine runs as generator
• The direction of current in the field is same as before
• It produces a braking torque
• TB = k2.Ø2.N
= k3.Ia2.N
Normal working of D.C series motor

Fig 1
Dynamic braking applied to D.C series motor

Fig 2
Advantages of dynamic braking

• Greater braking torque

• Motor draws no energy from supply

• Rapid braking i.e. motor comes to rest rapidly


Disadvantages of dynamic braking

• Kinetic energy is wasted

• It is dependent on supply

• In case of induction motor it requires separate d.c


excitation
Applications of dynamic braking

• Dynamic braking can be applied to

• D.C motors
• Series motor
• Shunt motor

• 3Ф Induction motors

• Synchronous motors
Solved problem 1

1. A 220V d.c series motor drives a 700 N-m torque load


when running at 1200 r.p.m. The armature and field
resistances are 0.008Ω and 0.05Ω respectively. The
motor efficiency is 90%. is braked by plugging.
a) Calculate the value of dynamic braking resistor that will
be capable of 375 N-m torque at 1050 r.p.m.
The friction windage losses are assumed to be constant
at both speeds.
Given data

• Voltage, V = 220V

• Normal Torque, T1 = 700 N-m

• Braking Torque, T2 = 375 N-m

• Normal speed, N1 = 1200 r.p.m

• Speed during braking N2 = 1050 r.p.m

• Armature resistance, Ra = 0.008 Ω

• Series field resistance, Rse = 0.05 Ω


Contd..

• Efficiency of the motor, η = 90%


= 0.9
• Motor power output = 2πNT/60
= 2π * 1200 * 700/60
= 87,948 W
• Power drawn by the motor = Power output/Efficiency
= 87,948/0.9
= 97720 W
• Current drawn by the motor Ia1 = power drawn/voltage
= 97720/220
= 444.18 A
Contd..

• Back e.m.f, Eb = V – Ia1 (Ra+Rse)


= 220 – 444.18 (0.008+0.05)
= 220 – 25.752
= 194.248 V

• Flux is directly proportional to armature current


• T1 is proportional to square of armature current(Ia1)
• T2 is proportional to square of braking current (Ia2)

T2/T1 = (Ia2)2/(Ia1)2

( Ia2)2 = (Ia1)2 *(T2/T1)


Contd..

Ia2 = √(444.18)2 * 375/700)


= 325.1 A

As we know that E = Ф2N/60(P/A)

Ф1/ Ф2 * Eb2/Eb1 = N2/N1

Eb2 = Eb1 * N2/N1 * Ф2/ Ф1


= 194.248*(1050/1200)*(325.1*444.18)
= 124.4 V
Contd..

• According to ohm’s Law


V = IR

• Generator voltage during braking,


Eb2 = Ia2 (Ra+Rse+Rb)
124.4 = 325.1(0.008+0.05+ Rb)

• Braking resistance, Rb = 0.324 Ω


Frequently asked questions

1. Explain the principle of dynamic braking as applied to D.C


series motors

2. Explain how d.c series motor is stopped by dynamic braking

3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of dynamic


braking

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