Windows 

CMD Shell How-to guides and examples

https://ss64.com

An A-Z Index of Windows CMD commands.

A    
  ADDUSERS Add or list users to/from a CSV file
  ADmodcmd Active Directory Bulk Modify
  ARP Address Resolution Protocol
  ASSOC Change file extension associations •
  ATTRIB Change file attributes
B    
  BCDBOOT Create or repair a system partition
  BCDEDIT Manage Boot Configuration Data
  BITSADMIN Background Intelligent Transfer Service
  BOOTREC Repair or replace a partition boot sector
  BREAK Do nothing, successfully •
  BROWSTAT Get domain, browser and PDC info
C    
  CACLS Change file permissions
  CALL Call one batch program from another •
  CERTREQ Request certificate from a certification authority
  CERTUTIL Manage certification authority (CA) files and services
  CD Change Directory - move to a specific Folder •
  CHANGE Change Terminal Server Session properties
  CHANGEPK Upgrade device Edition/Product Key
  CHCP Change the active console Code Page
  CHDIR Change Directory - move to a specific Folder •
  CHKDSK Check Disk - check and repair disk problems
  CHKNTFS Check the NTFS file system
  CHOICE Accept keyboard input to a batch file
  CIPHER Encrypt or Decrypt files/folders
  CleanMgr Automated cleanup of Temp files, recycle bin
  CLIP Copy STDIN to the Windows clipboard
  CLS Clear the screen •
  CMD Start a new CMD shell
  CMDKEY Manage stored usernames/passwords
  COLOR Change colors of the CMD window •
  COMP Compare the contents of two files or sets of files
  COMPACT Compress files or folders on an NTFS partition
  COMPRESS Compress one or more files
  CON Console input
  CONVERT Convert a FAT drive to NTFS
  COPY Copy one or more files to another location •
  Coreinfo Show the mapping between logical & physical processors
  CSCcmd Client-side caching (Offline Files)
  CSVDE Import or Export Active Directory data
  CURL Transfer data from or to a server
D    
  DATE Display or set the date •
  DEFRAG Defragment hard drive
  DEL Delete one or more files •
  DELPROF Delete user profiles
  DELTREE Delete a folder and all subfolders
  DevCon Device Manager Command Line Utility
  DIR Display a list of files and folders •
  DIRQUOTA File Server Resource Manager Disk quotas
  DIRUSE Display disk usage
  DISKPART Disk Administration
  DISKSHADOW Volume Shadow Copy Service
  DISKUSE Show the space used in folders
  DISM Deployment Image Servicing and Management
  DisplaySwitch Specify which display to use and how to use it
  DNSCMD Manage DNS servers
  DOSKEY Edit command line, recall commands, and create macros
  DriverQuery Display installed device drivers
  DSACLs Active Directory ACLs
  DSAdd Add items to Active Directory (user group computer)
  DSGet View items in Active Directory (user group computer)
  DSQuery Search Active Directory (user group computer)
  DSMod Modify items in Active Directory (user group computer)
  DSMove Move an Active Directory Object
  DSRM Remove items from Active Directory
  Dsmgmt Directory Service Management
E    
  ECHO Display message on screen •
  ENDLOCAL End localisation of the environment in a batch file •
  ERASE Delete one or more files •
  EVENTCREATE  Add a message to the Windows event log
  EXIT Quit the current script/routine and set an errorlevel •
  EXPAND Uncompress CAB files
  EXPLORER Open Windows Explorer
  EXTRACT Uncompress CAB files
F    
  FC Compare two files
  FIND Search for a text string in a file
  FINDSTR Search for strings in files
  FLTMC Manage MiniFilter drivers
  FOR /F Loop command: against a set of files •
  FOR /F Loop command: against the results of another command •
  FOR Loop command: all options Files, Directory, List •
  FORFILES Batch process multiple files
  FORMAT Format a disk
  FREEDISK Check free disk space
  FSUTIL File and Volume utilities
  FTP File Transfer Protocol
  FTYPE File extension file type associations •
G   
  GETMAC Display the Media Access Control (MAC) address
  GOTO Direct a batch program to jump to a labelled line •
  GPRESULT Display Resultant Set of Policy information
  GPUPDATE Update Group Policy settings
H   
  HELP Online Help
  HOSTNAME Display the host name of the computer
I    
  iCACLS Change file and folder permissions
  IEXPRESS Create a self extracting ZIP file archive
  IF Conditionally perform a command •
  IFMEMBER Is the current user a member of a group
  IPCONFIG Configure IP
  INUSE Replace files that are in use by the OS
L    
  LABEL Edit a disk label
  LGPO Local Group Policy Object utility
  LODCTR Load PerfMon performance counters
  LOGMAN Manage Performance Monitor logs
  LOGOFF Log a user off
  LOGTIME Log the date and time in a file
M   
  MAKECAB Create .CAB files
  MAPISEND Send email from the command line
  Manage-BDE BitLocker Drive Encryption
  MBSAcli Baseline Security Analyzer
  MD Create a new Directory •
  MKLINK Create a symbolic link (linkd) •
  MODE Configure a system device COM/LPT/CON
  MORE Display output, one screen at a time
  MOUNTVOL Manage a volume mount point
  MOVE Move files from one folder to another •
  MOVEUSER Move a user from one domain to another
  MSG Send a message
  MSIEXEC Microsoft Windows Installer
  MSINFO32 System Information
  MSTSC Terminal Server Connection/Remote Desktop Protocol(RDP)
N   
  NET Manage network resources
  NETDOM Domain Manager
  NETSH Configure Network Interfaces, Firewall & Remote access
  NBTSTAT Display networking statistics (NetBIOS over TCP/IP)
  NETSTAT Display networking statistics (TCP/IP)
  NLSINFO Display locale information (reskit)
  NLTEST Network Location Test (AD)
  NMBIND Manage Hyper-V network bindings
  NOW Display the current Date and Time
  NSLOOKUP Name server lookup
  NTBACKUP Windows Backup folders to tape
  NTDSUtil Active Directory Domain Services management
  NTRIGHTS Edit user account rights
  NVSPBIND Modify network bindings
O   
  OPENFILES Query or display open files
P    
  PATH Display or set a search path for executable files •
  PATHPING Trace route plus network latency and packet loss
  PAUSE Suspend processing of a batch file •
  PERMS Show permissions for a user
  PING Test a network connection
  PKTMON Monitor internal packet propagation and packet drop reports
  POPD Return to a previous directory saved by PUSHD •
  PORTQRY Display the status of ports and services
  POWERCFG Configure power settings
  PRINT Print a text file
  PRINTBRM Print queue Backup/Recovery
  PRNCNFG Configure a printer
  PRNDRVR Add, delete or list print drivers.
  PRNJOBS Pause, resume, cancel, or list print jobs.
  PRNMNGR Add, delete, or list printer connections.
  PRNPORT Manage Printer Ports, change port configuration.
  PRNQCTL Manage Print Queues, print a test page.
  ProcDump Monitor an application for CPU spikes
  PROMPT Change the command prompt •
  PsExec Execute process remotely
  PsFile Show files opened remotely
  PsGetSid Display the SID of a computer or a user
  PsInfo List information about a system
  PsKill Kill processes by name or process ID
  PsList List detailed information about processes
  PsLoggedOn Who's logged on (locally or via resource sharing)
  PsLogList Event log records
  PsPasswd Change account password
  PsPing Measure network performance
  PsService View and control services
  PsShutdown Shutdown or reboot a computer
  PsSuspend Suspend processes
  PUSHD Save and then change the current directory •
Q   
  QPROCESS Query Process Display processes
  QWinsta Query Session Display all sessions (TS/Remote Desktop)
  QAppSrv Query TermServer List all servers (TS/Remote Desktop)
  QUSER Query User Display user sessions (TS/Remote Desktop)
R   
  RASDIAL Manage RAS connections
  RASPHONE Manage RAS connections
  RD Delete a Directory •
  RECOVER Recover a damaged file from a defective disk
  REG Registry: Read, Set, Export, Delete keys and values
  REGEDIT Import or export registry settings
  REGSVR32 Register or unregister a DLL
  REGINI Change Registry Permissions
  REM Record comments (remarks) in a batch file •
  REN Rename a file or files •
  REPLACE Replace or update one file with another
  Reset Session Delete a Remote Desktop Session
  RMDIR Delete a Directory •
  RMTSHARE Share a folder or a printer
  ROBOCOPY Robust File and Folder Copy
  ROUTE Manipulate network routing tables
  RUN Start | RUN commands
  RUNAS Execute a program under a different user account
  RUNDLL32 Run a DLL command (add/remove print connections)
S    
  SC Service Control
  SCHTASKS Schedule a command to run at a specific time
  ScriptRunner Run one or more scripts
  SET Display, set, or remove session environment variables •
  SETLOCAL Control the visibility of environment variables •
  SetSPN Edit Service Principal Names
  SETX Set environment variables
  SFC System File Checker
  SHARE List or edit a file share or print share
  ShellRunAs Run a command under a different user account
  SHIFT Shift the position of batch file parameters •
  SHORTCUT Create a windows shortcut (.LNK file)
  SHUTDOWN Shutdown the computer
  SIGCHECK Display file version no. VirusTotal status & timestamp
  SLEEP Wait for x seconds
  SLMGR Software Licensing Management
  SORT Sort input
  SSH OpenSSH remote login client
  START Start a program, command or batch file •
  STRINGS Search for ANSI and UNICODE strings in binary files
  SUBINACL Edit file and folder Permissions, Ownership and Domain
  SUBST Associate a path with a drive letter
  SXSTRACE Diagnose side-by-side problems
  SYSMON Monitor and log system activity to the Windows event log
  SYSTEMINFO List system configuration
T    
  TAKEOWN Take ownership of a file
  TAR Store, list or extract files in an archive
  TASKLIST List running applications and services
  TASKKILL End a running process
  TELNET Communicate with another host using the TELNET protocol
  TIME Display or set the system time •
  TIMEOUT Delay processing of a batch file/command
  TITLE Set the window title for a CMD.EXE session •
  TLIST Task list with full path
  TOUCH Change file timestamps
  TRACERT Trace route to a remote host
  TREE Graphical display of folder structure
  TSDISCON Disconnect a Remote Desktop Session
  TSKILL End a running process
  TYPE Display the contents of a text file •
  TypePerf Write Performance Monitor data to a log file
  TZUTIL Time Zone Utility
V    
  VBC Visual Basic compiler
  VER Display version information •
  VERIFY Verify that files have been saved •
  VMConnect Connect to a Hyper-V Virtual Machine
  VOL Display a disk label •
  VSSADMIN Display volume shadow copy backups + writers/providers
W   
  W32TM Time Service
  WAITFOR Wait for or send a signal
  WBADMIN Windows Backup Admin
  WECUTIL Windows Event Collector Utility
  WEVTUTIL Clear event logs, enable/disable/query logs
  WHERE Locate and display files in a directory tree
  WHOAMI Output the current UserName and domain
  WHOIS Lookup the registration record for a domain
  WINDIFF Compare the contents of two files or sets of files
  WINGET Windows Package Manager (coming May 2021)
  WINRM Windows Remote Management
  WINRS Windows Remote Shell
  WMIC WMI Commands
  WPEUTIL Run Preinstallation Environment (WinPE) commands
  WPR Windows Performance Recorder
  WT Windows Terminal
  WUSA Windows Update Standalone Installer
  WUAUCLT Windows Update
X    
  XCACLS Change file and folder permissions
  XCOPY Copy files and folders
  :: Comment / Remark •

Commands marked • are Internal commands only available within the CMD shell.

All other commands (not marked with •) are external commands.
External commands may be used under the CMD shell, PowerShell, or directly
from START-RUN.

A categorized list of Windows CMD commands.

Microsoft Help pages: Windows Commands 8.1-10 / Windows Server 2012-2019
Discussion forum - New!
Websites, Resource Kits, Books and Utilities for Microsoft Windows.
Parameters Command Line Arguments %1 %~f1
Array Create pseudo-array variables.
Variables
Env. Variables Variable types, arrays and a list of all standard environment variables.
functions How to package blocks of code.
AND/OR Logic Conditional Execution (If-Then-Else)
Loops Loops and Subroutines.
Macros Embed blocks of code in a variable.
Redirection Spooling output to a file, piping input.
Services
List of Windows 10 Services (1903). 

Evaluate expressions
Using brackets to Group and expand expressions.
Delayed Variables within loops.
Expansion 
Escape chars delimiters and quotes
SET /A Environment variable arithmetic.
VarSubstring Extract part of a variable (substring).
VarSearch Search & replace part of a variable.
RANDOM Random Numbers.
Wildcards Match multiple files.

Shortcuts
Keyboard shortcuts  For CMD, PowerShell and Windows.
RUN commands Start | Run commands.
MMC Snap-ins Admin commands.
ms-settings Shortcuts to settings.
Shell: folder Shortcuts to key folders.
ProfileFolders User profile folders: Start Menu, Roaming
etc.

Example Batch Files and functions

Run a script How to create and run a batch file. Also VBS and .ps1 scripts.
Banner Display a string of text in extra large letters.
Elevate/UAC Run with elevated permissions (As Admin).
DateMath Add or subtract days from any date.
DeQuote Remove quotes from a string.
DelOlder Delete files more than n days old.
Empty Find out if a directory is empty
GenChr.cmd Generate an ASCII/Unicode character.
GetDate.cmd Get todays date (any region, any OS.)
GetTime.cmd Get the time now.
GetGMT.cmd Time adjusted to Greenwich Mean Time.
IsDirectory.cm Check if a path leads to a folder or a file.
d
StampMe.cmd  Rename a file with the date/time.
StrLen Calculate the length of a string.
ToLower.cmd Lower case a String.
tdiff.cmd Calculate the difference in Hours/Mins between two time values.
timer.cmd Measure the run time of a script.
Which.cmd Display full path to any executable file.
xlong.cmd Find filenames that exceed the 256 char pathname limit.

Reference/How to
ANSI colors Use ANSI colors in the Windows 10 terminal.
Autoexec Run commands at startup.
CMD Shell Working in the Windows CMD shell.
CMD Internal Commands that are Internal to the CMD shell.
Compatibility Backwards compatibility - runas admin / color
Errorlevel CMD's handing of Exit codes and the %ERRORLEVEL% variable.
Error Handling Loop on error in a batch file.
Slow Browsing Speed up network browsing.
LAN Mgr auth NTLM authentication.
Logon Types Windows Logon types.
Long NTFS long filename issues (>256 chars).
Filenames 
Display DPI Monitor size settings.
Share modes An explanation of File sharing modes.
File Shares Organising shared files.
NoDrives Hide mapped drives from Windows Explorer.
% vs %% Why you need to double the %'s in a batch file.
Printing Printer connections and print drivers.
Recovery The Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE), Safe mode and Win
PE.
Reg Tweaks Registry tweaks and settings.
BuiltIn Groups Built-In Users and Security Groups.
AD Groups Local Domain groups, Global and Universal groups.
64Bit Detect 64 bit vs 32 bit Windows.

An A-Z Index of Windows PowerShell commands

% Alias for ForEach-Object
? Alias for Where-Object
A
Get-Acl Get permission settings for a file
or registry key.
Set-Acl Set permissions.
Active Directory Account, Computer, Group and User
cmdlets.
Get-Alias gal Return alias names for Cmdlets.
Export-Alias epal Export currently defined aliases
to a file.
Import-Alias ipal Import an alias list from a file.
New-Alias nal Create a new alias.
Set-Alias sal Create or change an alias.
Get-AppvClientPackage Return App-V Client Packages.
Get-AppxPackage List the app packages installed in
a user profile.
Remove-AppxPackage Remove an app package from a user
account.
Add-AppxProvisionedPackage
Compress-Archive Create a new archive/zipped file.
[PS 5+]
Expand-Archive Extract files from an archive
(zipped) file [PS 5+]
Get-AuthenticodeSignature Get the signature object
associated with a file.
Set-AuthenticodeSignature Place a signature in a .ps1 script
or other file.
B
 Backup-GPO Backup group policy objects.
(GPOs)
Begin Function BEGIN block.
BITS Background Intelligent Transfer
Service cmdlets.
Enable-BitLocker Enable encryption for a BitLocker
volume.
Enable-BitLockerAutoUnlock Enable automatic unlocking for a
BitLocker volume.
Resume-Bitlocker Resume Bitlocker encryption for
the specified volume.
Suspend-BitLocker Suspend Bitlocker encryption for
the specified volume.
Add-BitLockerKeyProtector Add a key protector for a
BitLocker volume.
Remove-BitLockerKeyProtector Remove a key protector from a
BitLocker volume.
Get-BitLockerVolume Get information about volumes
BitLocker can protect.
Break Exit a program loop.
C
Catch Handle a terminating error within
a scriptblock.
Export-Certificate Export a certificate from a
certificate store into a file.
Get-Certificate Submit/retrieve a certificate
request to an enrollment server and install.
Import-Certificate Import one or more certificates
into a certificate store.
Set-Location cd/chdir/sl Set the current working location.
Get-ChildItem dir/ls/gci Get child items (contents of a
folder or registry key).
Clear-Host clear/cls Clear the screen.
Clear-Item cli Remove content from a variable or
an alias.
Get-CimAssociatedInstance Retrieve CIM instance by an
association.
Get-CimClass gcls Get a list of CIM classes in a
specific namespace.
Register-CimIndicationEvent Subscribe to indications using a
filter or query expression.
 New-CimInstance ncim Create a new instance of a class.
Get-CimInstance gcim Get a managed resource (storage,
network, software etc).
Remove-CimInstance rcim Remove a CIM instance from a
computer.
Set-CimInstance scim Modify a CIM instance on a CIM
server.
Invoke-CimMethod icim Invoke a method of a CIM class or
CIM instance.
Get-CimSession gcms Get current CIM session objects.
New-CimSession ncms Create a CIM session.
New-CimSessionOption Advanced options for New-
CimSession.
Remove-CimSession rcms Remove one or more CIM session
objects.
Get-Clipboard Get the current Windows clipboard
entry.
Set-Clipboard Set the current Windows clipboard
entry.
Get-Command gcm Retrieve basic information about a
command.
Invoke-Command icm Run command.
Show-Command shcm Create PowerShell commands in a
graphical command window.
Measure-Command Measure running time.
Trace-Command Trace an expression or command.
Add-Computer Add a computer to the domain.
Checkpoint-Computer Create a system restore point (XP)
Remove-Computer Remove the local computer from a
workgroup or domain.
Rename-Computer Rename a computer.
Restart-Computer Restart the operating system on a
computer.
Restore-Computer Restore the computer to a previous
state.
Stop-Computer Stop (shut down) a computer.
Get-ComputerInfo Get system and operating system
properties.
Reset-ComputerMachinePassword Reset the machine account password
for the computer.
 Test-ComputerSecureChannel Test and repair the secure channel
to the domain.
Add-Content ac Add to the content of the item.
Get-Content cat/type/gc Get content from item (specific
location).
Set-Content sc Set content in the item (specific
location).
Clear-Content clc Remove content from a file/item.
Continue Skip just this iteration of a
loop.
Enable-ComputerRestore Enable System Restore on a drive.
Disable-ComputerRestore Disable System Restore on a drive.
Get-ComputerRestorePoint Get the restore points on the
local computer.
Test-Connection Ping one or more computers.
ConvertFrom-CSV Convert object properties (in CSV
format) into CSV objects.
ConvertTo-CSV Convert .NET Framework objects
into CSV variable-length strings.
ConvertFrom-Json Convert a JSON-formatted string to
a custom object.
ConvertTo-Json Convert an object to a JSON-
formatted string.
ConvertTo-Html Convert the input into an HTML
table.
ConvertTo-Xml Convert the input into XML.
ConvertFrom-String cfs Extract and parse structured
properties from a string.
ConvertFrom-StringData Convert a string containing key
and value pairs into a hash table.
ConvertFrom-SecureString Convert a secure string into an
encrypted standard string.
ConvertTo-SecureString Convert an encrypted standard
string into a secure string.
Copy-Item copy/cp/ci Copy an item from a namespace
location.
Export-Counter Export Performance Counter data to
log files.
Get-Counter Get performance counter data.
Import-Counter Import performance counter log
files.
 Get-Credential Get a security credential
(username/password).
Get-Culture Get region information (language
and keyboard layout).
Set-Culture Set the user culture for the
current user account.
D
Get-ChildItem Dir/ls/gci Get child items (contents of a
folder or registry key).
Get-Date Get current date and time.
Set-Date Set system time on the host
system.
Clear-Disk Remove all partition information
and un-initialize a disk, erasing all data.
Get-Disk Get one or more disks visible to
the OS.
Set-Disk Set attributes and update a
physical disk.
Initialize-Disk Initialize a RAW disk for first
use, this enables formatting.
Mount-DiskImage Mount a previously created disk
image (virtual HD or ISO)
Remove-Item Del/erase/rd/rm/rmdir Delete an item.
Compare-Object diff/compare Compare the properties of
objects.
Get-DnsClientCache Retrieve the content of the local
DNS client cache.
Clear-DnsClientCache Clear the content of the DNS
client cache.
Get-DnsClientServerAddress Get a DNS server IP address from
the interface TCP/IP properties.
Set-DnsClientServerAddress Set a DNS server IP address on
the interface TCP/IP properties.
Resolve-DnsName Perform a DNS name query
resolution for a specified name.
Do Loop while a condition is True.
Get-DscConfiguration Get the current config. of a node.
Get-DscLocalConfigurationManager Get Local Config Manager
settings.
Get-DscResource Get Desired State Config.
resources from a computer.
 New-DSCCheckSum Create checksum files for DSC
docs/resources.
Start-DscConfiguration Apply Desired State config to
nodes.
E
Write-Output echo Write an object to the pipeline.
End Function END block.
Get-Event Get events in the PowerShell event
queue.
New-Event Create a new event.
Remove-Event Delete events from the event
queue.
Unregister-Event Cancel an event subscription.
Wait-Event Wait until a particular event is
raised.
Clear-EventLog Delete all entries from an event
log.
Get-Eventlog Get event log data (2003).
Limit-EventLog Limit the size of the event log.
New-Eventlog Create a new event log and a new
event source.
Remove-EventLog Delete an event log.
Show-EventLog Display an event log.
Write-EventLog Write an event to an event log.
Get-WinEvent Get event log data (Vista+).
Get-EventSubscriber Get event subscribers.
Register-EngineEvent Subscribe to PowerShell events.
Register-ObjectEvent Subscribe to .NET events.
Register-WmiEvent Subscribe to a WMI event.
Get-ExecutionPolicy Get the execution policy for the
shell.
Set-ExecutionPolicy Change the execution policy (user
preference).
Export-Alias epal Export currently defined aliases
to a file.
Export-Clixml Produce a clixml representation of
PowerShell objects.
Export-Console Export console configuration to a
file.
Export-Csv epcsv Export to Comma Separated Values
(spreadsheet).
 Exit-PSSession Exit Exit PowerShell (or exit a
script).
F
-F operator Format operator.
Unblock-File Unblock files downloaded from the
Internet.
Get-FileHash Compute the hash value for a file.
ForEach-Object foreach Loop through each item in the
pipeline ( % ).
ForEach Loop through each item in a
collection.
ForEach method Loop through each item in a
collection.
For Loop through items that match a
condition.
Format-Custom fc Format output using a customized
view.
Format-Hex fhx Display a file or other input as
hexadecimal.
Format-List fl Format output as a list of
properties, each on a new line.
Format-Table ft Format output as a table.
Format-Wide fw Format output as a table listing
one property only.
Export-FormatData Save formatting data from the
current session.
Get-FormatData Get the formatting data in the
current session.
G
Get-Item gi Get a file/registry object (or any
other namespace object).
Get-ChildItem dir/ls/gci Get child items (contents of a
folder or registry key).
Backup-GPO Backup group policy objects
(GPOs).
Restore-GPO Restore one or all GPOs from a GPO
backup.
Import-GPO Import Group Policy settings into
a specified GPO from a GPO backup.
Group-Object group Group objects that contain the
same value.
 New-Guid Create a GUID.
H
Get-Help help Open the help file.
Update-Help Download and install the newest
help files on your computer.
Add-History Add entries to the session
history.
Clear-History clhy Delete entries from the session
history.
Get-History history/h/ghy Get a listing of the session
history.
Invoke-History r/ihy Invoke a previously executed
Cmdlet.
Get-Host Get host information (PowerShell
Version and Region).
Clear-Host clear/cls Clear the screen.
Out-Host oh Send output to the host.
Read-Host Read a line of user input from the
host console.
Write-Host Write customized output to the
host/screen.
Get-HotFix Get Installed hotfixes.
I
if Conditionally perform a command.
Invoke-CimMethod icim Invoke a method of a CIM class or
CIM instance.
Import-Clixml Import a clixml file and rebuild
the PS object.
Import-Csv ipcsv Take values from a CSV list and
send objects down the pipeline.
Import-PfxCertificate Import certificates and keys from
a Personal Information Exchange(PFX) file.
Write-Information Specify how PowerShell should
handle information stream data.
Get-InitiatorPort Get one or more host bus adapter
(HBA) initiator ports.
Install-Module Download and install one or more
modules from an online gallery.
Install-Package Install one or more software
packages.
 Invoke-Command Run commands on local and remote
computers.
Invoke-Expression iex Run a PowerShell expression.
Invoke-WebRequest Get content from a web page.
Invoke-RestMethod Send an HTTP or HTTPS request to a
RESTful web service.
Get-NetIPAddress Get IPAddress configuration
Get-Item gi Get a file object or get a
registry (or other namespace) object.
Invoke-Item ii Invoke an executable or open a
file (START).
New-Item md/mkdir/ni Create a new item in a namespace.
Remove-Item rm/del/erase/rd/ri/rmdir Remove an item.
Set-Item si Change the value of an item.
Clear-ItemProperty clp Remove the property value from a
property.
Copy-ItemProperty cpp Copy a property along with it's
value.
Get-ItemProperty gp Retrieve the properties of an
object.
Move-ItemProperty mp Move a property from one location
to another.
New-ItemProperty Set a new property.
Remove-ItemProperty rp Remove a property and its value.
Rename-ItemProperty rnp Renames a property at its
location.
Set-ItemProperty sp Set a property at the specified
location to a specified value.
Get-ItemPropertyValue gpv Get the value for one or more
properties of a specified item.
J
Get-Job gjb Get PowerShell background jobs
that are running.
Receive-Job rcjb Get PowerShell background job
results.
Remove-Job rjb Delete a PowerShell background
job.
Resume-Job rujb Restart a suspended job.
Start-Job sajb Start a PowerShell background job.
Stop-Job spjb Stop a PowerShell background job.
Wait-Job wjb Wait for a background job.
 Job Trigger cmdlets Get/Set Scheduled job triggers.
K
Stop-Process kill/spps Stop a running process.
Add-KdsRootKey Generate a new root key for the
MS.Group KdsSvc within AD.
L
Update-List Add and remove items from a
collection.
New-LocalUser Create a local user account.
Get-LocalGroup Get the local security groups.
Add-LocalGroupMember Add members to a local group.
Get-LocalGroupMember Get members from a local group.
Set-LocalUser Modify a local user account.
Get-Location pwd / gl Get and display the current
location.
Pop-Location popd Set the current working location
from the stack.
Push-Location pushd Push a location to the stack.
Set-Location cd/chdir/sl Set the current working location.
M
Send-MailMessage Send an email message.
Add-Member Add a member to an instance of a
PowerShell object.
Get-Member gm Enumerate the properties of an
object.
MessageBox Display a message box to the user
Find-Module Find modules from an online
gallery.
Get-Module gmo Get the modules imported to the
session.
Import-Module ipmo Add a module to the session.
Install-Module Download and install modules from
an online repository.
New-Module nmo Create a new dynamic module (only
in memory).
Remove-Module rmo Remove a module from the current
session.
Save-Module Save a module locally without
installing it.
Get-InstalledModule Get installed modules on a
computer.
 Uninstall-Module Uninstall a module.
Update-Module
Export-ModuleMember Export specific module members.
Move-Item mv/move/mi Move an item from one location to
another.
Set-MpPreference Configure preferences for Windows
Defender.
N
Get-NetAdapter Get the basic network adapter
properties.
Set-NetAdapter Set the basic network adapter
properties.
Disable-NetAdapterBinding Disable a binding to a network
adapter.
Get-NetAdapterVmq Get the VMQ properties of a
network adapter.
Set-NetAdapterVmq Set the VMQ properties of a
network adapter.
Test-NetConnection Display diagnostic information for
a connection.
Get-NetConnectionProfile Get a connection profile.
Set-NetConnectionProfile Set a connection profile.
Set-NetFirewallProfile Configure per-profile settings of
Windows Firewall.
Enable-NetFirewallRule Enable a previously disabled
firewall rule.
Set-NetFirewallRule Modify existing firewall rules.
Get-NetFirewallRule Retrieve firewall rules from the
target computer.
New-NetFirewallRule Create a new firewall rule and add
to a target computer.
Get-NetIPAddress Get IP address configuration.
New-NetIPAddress Create and configure an IP
address.
Remove-NetIPAddress Remove an IP address and its
configuration.
Set-NetIPAddress Modify the configuration of an IP
address.
Get-NetIPConfiguration Get IP network configuration.
Get-NetIPInterface Get an IP interface.
Set-NetIPInterface Modify an IP interface.
 New-NetLbfoTeam Create a new NIC team.
New-NetNat Create a NAT object.
New-NetRoute Create a route in the IP routing
table.
Get-NetTCPConnection Get TCP connections.
Set-NetTCPSetting Modify a TCP setting.
O
Compare-Object diff/compare Compare the properties of objects.
Group-Object group Group objects that contain the
same value.
Measure-Object Measure the properties of an
object.
New-Object Create a new .Net object.
Select-Object select Select properties of objects.
Sort-Object sort Sort objects by property value.
Where-Object Filter the objects passed along
the command pipeline.
Add-OdbcDsn Add an ODBC DSN.
Out-Default Set the destination of default
output.
Out-File Send output to a file.
Out-GridView ogv Send output to an interactive
table.
Out-Host oh Send output to the host.
Out-Null Send output to null.
Out-Printer lp Send the output to a printer.
Out-String Send objects to the host as
strings.
P
Get-Package Return a list of all software
packages installed using Package Management.
Find-Package Find software packages in
available package sources.
Install-Package Install one or more software
packages.
Uninstall-Package Uninstall one or more software
packages.
Install-PackageProvider Install one or more Package
Management package providers.
Param Script Parameters.
 Get-Partition Return a list of partition
objects.
New-Partition Create a new partition on an
existing Disk object.
Resize-Partition Resize a partition and the
underlying file system.
Set-Partition Set attributes of a partition:
active, read-only, offline.
Convert-Path cvpa Convert a ps path to a provider
path.
Join-Path Combine a path and one or more
child-paths.
Resolve-Path rvpa Resolves the wildcards in a path.
Split-Path Return part of a path.
Test-Path Return true if the path exists,
otherwise return false.
Pause Pause and display the message
"Press Enter to continue..."
Invoke-Pester Invoke Pester to recursively run
all tests.
Export-PfxCertificate Export a certificate or a PFXData
object to a PFX file.
Get-PfxCertificate Get pfx certificate information.
Get-PhysicalDisk Retrieve a list of Physical Disk
objects.
Remove-PhysicalDisk Remove a physical disk from a
specified storage pool.
Set-PhysicalDisk Set attributes on a specific
physical disk.
Get-PnpDevice Return information about PnP
devices.
Pop-Location popd Set the current working location
from the stack.
Push-Location pushd Push a location to the stack.
Powershell Launch a PowerShell session/run a
script.
Add-Printer Add a printer to the specified
computer.
Get-Printer Retrieve a list of printers
installed on a computer.
 Remove-Printer Remove a printer from the
specified computer.
Set-Printer Update the configuration of an
existing printer.
Add-PrinterDriver Install a printer driver on the
computer.
Add-PrinterPort Install a printer port on the
computer.
Get-PrintJob Retrieve a list of print jobs from
the specified printer.
Process Function PROCESS block.
Get-Process ps/gps Get a list of processes on a
machine.
Debug-Process Attach a debugger to a running
process.
Start-Process start/saps Start one or more processes.
Stop-Process kill/spps Stop a running process.
Wait-Process Wait for a process to stop.
Enable-PSBreakpoint ebp Enable a breakpoint in the current
console.
Disable-PSBreakpoint dbp Disable a breakpoint in the
current console.
Get-PSBreakpoint gbp Get the currently set breakpoints.
Set-PSBreakpoint sbp Set a breakpoint on a line,
command, or variable.
Remove-PSBreakpoint rbp Delete breakpoints from the
current console.
Get-PSCallStack gcs Display the current call stack.
Get-PSDrive gdr Get drive information (DriveInfo).
New-PSDrive mount/ndr Create a mapped network drive.
Remove-PSDrive rdr Remove a provider/drive from its
location.
Get-PSProvider Get information for the specified
provider.
Set-PSdebug Turn script debugging on or off.
Disable-PSRemoting Disable remote session
configuration on the local computer.
Enable-PSRemoting Configure the computer to receive
remote commands.
Get-PSRepository Get PowerShell repositories.
Register-PSRepository Register a PowerShell repository.
 Set-PSRepository Set values for a registered
repository.
Connect-PSSession cnsn Reconnect to a disconnected
session.
Disconnect-PSSession dnsn Disconnect from a session.
Enter-PSSession etsn Start an interactive session with
a remote computer.
Exit-PSSession exsn End an interactive session with a
remote computer.
Export-PSSession epsn Import commands and save them in a
PowerShell module.
Get-PSSession gsn Get the PSSessions in the current
session.
Import-PSSession ipsn Import commands from another
session.
New-PSSession nsn Create a persistent connection to
a local or remote computer.
Remove-PSSession rsn Close PowerShell sessions.
Disable-PSSessionConfiguration Disable session
configurations on the local computer.
Enable-PSSessionConfiguration Enable session
configurations on the local computer.
Get-PSSessionConfiguration Get the registered PS
session configuration.
Register-PSSessionConfiguration Create and register a new PS
session configuration.
Set-PSSessionConfiguration Change properties of a
registered session configuration.
Unregister-PSSessionConfiguration Delete registered PS session
configuration.
New-PSSessionConfigurationFile Create a file that defines a
session configuration.
New-PSSessionOption Advanced options for a
PSSession.
Add-PsSnapIn asnp Add snap-ins to the console.
Get-PsSnapin gsnp List PowerShell snap-ins on this
computer.
Remove-PSSnapin rsnp Remove PowerShell snap-ins from
the console.
R
Get-Random Get a random number.
 Read-Host Read a line of input from the host
console.
Remove-Item rm/del/erase/rd/ri/rmdir Remove an item.
Rename-Item ren/rni Change the name of an existing
item.
Rename-ItemProperty Rename a property of an item.
Restart-Computer Restart the operating system on a
computer.
Return Exit the current scope, (function,
script, or script block).
Run/Call & Run a command (call operator).
S
Scheduler cmdlets Get/Set scheduled jobs.
Confirm-SecureBootUEFI Confirm that Secure Boot is
enabled on the local computer.
Select-Object select Select properties of objects.
Select-XML Find text in an XML string or
document.
New-SelfSignedCertificate Create a new self-signed
certificate for testing purposes.
Send-MailMessage Send an email message.
Get-Service gsv Get a list of services.
New-Service Create a new service.
Restart-Service Stop and then restart a service.
Resume-Service Resume a suspended service.
Set-Service Change the start mode/properties
of a service.
Start-Service sasv Start a stopped service.
Stop-Service spsv Stop a running service.
Suspend-Service Suspend a running service.
Sort-Object sort Sort objects by property value.
Get-SmbConnection Retrieve the connections
established from the SMB client to the SMB servers.
Get-SmbOpenFile Information about files that are
open on behalf of SMB server clients.
Get-SMBMapping Get an SMB mapping.
New-SmbMapping Create an SMB mapping.
Remove-SmbMapping Remove an SMB mapping.
Get-SmbSession Retrieve information about current
SMB sessions.
Set-SmbClientConfiguration Set the SMB client configuration.
 Get-SmbServerConfiguration Get the SMB Server configuration.
Set-SmbServerConfiguration Set the SMB Server configuration.
Get-SmbShare Retrieve the SMB shares on the
computer.
Set-SmbShare Modify the properties of an SMB
share.
New-SmbShare Create an SMB share.
Get-SmbShareAccess Retrieve the ACL of an SMB share.
Grant-SmbShareAccess Add an allow ACE for a trustee to
the security descriptor of the SMB share.
Set-StrictMode Enforce coding rules in
expressions & scripts.
Get-StartApps Get the names and IDs of apps
installed on the Start Menu.
Export-StartLayout Export layout of the Start screen
as an .xml file.
Import-StartLayout Import the layout of the Start
into a mounted Windows image.
Start-Sleep sleep Suspend shell, script, or runspace
activity.
Get-StorageJob Information about long-running
Storage module jobs, such as a repair task.
New-StoragePool Create a new storage pool using a
group of physical disks.
Switch Check multiple conditions.
ConvertFrom-StringData Convert a here-string into a hash
table.
Select-String Search through strings or files
for patterns.
T
Tee-Object tee Send input objects to two places.
New-Timespan Create a timespan object.
Get-TimeZone gtz Get the current time zone or a
list of available time zones.
Set-TimeZone stz Set the system time zone to a
specified time zone.
Get-TlsCipherSuite Get the list of cipher suites for
TLS for a computer.
Get-Tpm Trusted Platform Module (TPM)
Trace-Command Trace an expression or command.
 Get-Tracesource Get components that are
instrumented for tracing.
Set-Tracesource Trace a PowerShell component.
Start-Transaction Start a new transaction.
Complete-Transaction Commit the transaction.
Get-Transaction Get information about the active
transaction.
Use-Transaction Add a command or expression to the
transaction.
Undo-Transaction Roll back a transaction.
Start-Transcript Start a transcript of a command
shell session.
Stop-Transcript Stop the transcription process.
Trap Handle a terminating error.
Try ... Catch Handle a terminating error within
a scriptblock.
Add-Type Add a .NET Framework type to a
PowerShell session.
Update-TypeData Update extended type
configuration.
U
Get-Uiculture Get the ui culture information.
Unblock-File Unblock files downloaded from the
Internet.
Get-Unique gu Get the unique items in a
collection.
Update-Formatdata Update and append format data
files.
Update-Help Download and install help files.
Update-Typedata Update the current extended type
configuration.
V
Clear-Variable clv Remove the value from a variable.
Get-Variable gv Get a PowerShell variable.
New-Variable nv Create a new variable.
Remove-Variable rv Remove a variable and its value.
Set-Variable set/sv Set a variable and a value.
Get-VirtualDisk Return a list of VirtualDisks
across storage pools/providers.
New-VirtualDisk Create a new virtual disk in the
specified storage pool.
 Get-Volume Get the specified Volume object,
or all Volume objects.
Format-Volume Format one or more volumes.
New-Volume Create a volume with the specified
file system.
Optimize-Volume Optimize a volume.
Repair-Volume Perform repairs on a volume.
Add-VpnConnection Add a VPN connection to the
Connection Manager phone book.
Get-VpnConnection Retrieve the specified VPN
connection profile information.
Set-VpnConnection Change the config. of a VPN
connection profile.
Add-VpnConnectionRoute Add a route to a VPN connection.
W
Checkpoint-WebApplicationMonitoring Create a checkpoint for an
IIS web app.
Get-WebApplicationMonitoringStatus Get the monitoring status of
web apps.
New-WebServiceProxy Create a Web service proxy object.
Invoke-WebRequest Get content from a web page.
Where-Object where/? Filter input from the pipeline.
Where method Filter objects from a collection.
While Loop while a condition is True.
Add-WindowsCapability Install a Windows capability
package on the specified OS image.
Get-WindowsCapability Get capabilities for an image or a
running OS.
Remove-WindowsCapability Uninstall a Windows capability
package from an image.
Export-WindowsDriver
Add-WindowsFeature Install roles, role services, and
features. (Server 2008 R2).
Get-WindowsFeature Retrieve roles, role services, and
features.
Install-WindowsFeature Install roles, role services, or
features (Server 2012 R2).
Uninstall-WindowsFeature Uninstall/remove roles, role
services, and features (2012 R2)
Mount-WindowsImage Mount a Windows image (WIM or VHD
file) to a directory on the local computer.
 Repair-WindowsImage Repair a Windows image in a WIM or
VHD file.
Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature Disable a feature in a Windows
image.
Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature Enable a feature in a Windows
image.
Get-WindowsOptionalFeature Get information about optional
features in a Windows image.
Add-WindowsPackage Add a single .cab or .msu file to
a Windows image.
Get-WindowsUpdateLog Merge Windows Update .etl files
into a single log file.
Set-WinSystemLocale Set the system locale for the
current computer.
Set-WinUserLanguageList Set the language list/properties
for the current user.
Write-Debug Write a debug message to the
console (5).
Write-Error Write an object to the error
pipeline (2).
Write-Host Display text on screen.
Write-Information Write to the information data
stream (6).
Write-Output write/echo Write an object to the pipeline
(1).
Write-Progress Display a progress bar.
Write-Verbose Write a string to the host's
verbose display (4).
Write-Warning Write a warning string (3) in
reverse video to the display.
Set-WmiInstance Create or update an instance of an
existing WMI class.
Invoke-WmiMethod iwmi Call WMI methods.
Get-WmiObject gwmi Get WMI class information.
Remove-WmiObject rwmi Delete an instance of a WMI class.
Connect-WSMan Connect to the WinRM service on a
remote computer.
Disconnect-WSMan Disconnect from the WinRM service
on a remote computer.
Test-WSMan Test if a computer is setup to
receive remote commands.
 Invoke-WSManAction Invoke an action on a specified
object.
Disable-WSManCredSSP Disable Credential Security
Service Provider (SSP) authentication.
Enable-WSManCredSSP Enable Credential SSP
authentication.
Get-WSManCredSSP Get the Credential SSP
configuration.
New-WSManInstance Create a new instance of a
management resource.
Get-WSManInstance Display management information
(XML or value).
Set-WSManInstance Modify the management information
related to a resource.
Remove-WSManInstance Delete a management resource
instance.
Set-WSManQuickConfig Configure the local computer for
remote management.
New-WSManSessionOption Options for WSMan commands.
Z
Zipfile Compress or Extract zip files.
# Comment / Remark.
. (source) Run a command script in the
current shell.
& (call) Run a command, script or function.
% Alias for ForEach-Object.
--% Stop parsing input.
? Alias for Where-Object.
$variable = "value" Define a variable also: ${n!a#me}
= "value".
$_ The current pipeline object.
@(...) Force an expression to be
evaluated as an array.
` Escape or Continue on the next
line.

The cmdlets above are listed in A-Z order, matching the Verb- and/or -

Noun and/or Alias of the cmdlet (so some duplicates).

PowerShell can also run all the standard CMD commands (external

commands), .cmd batch files will run within a CMD.exe shell (so can
include internal CMD commands), plus all Resource Kit utilities. VBScripts can be run
via cscript. [ Examples ]

Microsoft: PowerShell 5.1 cmdlets, 2.0/3.0 core cmdlets, Windows 2008 R2

cmdlets... more optional cmdlets.
Discussion forum - New!
See also: Websites, additional cmdlets, Utilities and Books for PowerShell.