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Electrical Machines 2 Lab 6 Utech

This laboratory report summarizes an experiment measuring the operation of an AC 3-phase synchronous generator under open circuit, short circuit, and loaded conditions. The generator was driven by a motor at 1500 RPM while the rotor current was varied from 0-5A. Open circuit testing showed phase voltage increased with rotor current, while short circuit testing showed output current increased with rotor current. Under a loaded condition, the generator produced 35V and 0.5A to the load, delivering 52.5W of power.

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83 views7 pages

Electrical Machines 2 Lab 6 Utech

This laboratory report summarizes an experiment measuring the operation of an AC 3-phase synchronous generator under open circuit, short circuit, and loaded conditions. The generator was driven by a motor at 1500 RPM while the rotor current was varied from 0-5A. Open circuit testing showed phase voltage increased with rotor current, while short circuit testing showed output current increased with rotor current. Under a loaded condition, the generator produced 35V and 0.5A to the load, delivering 52.5W of power.

Uploaded by

Dellon
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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University of Technology Jamaica

Faculty of Engineering and Computing


Laboratory Report

Name: Khalesha Boothe, Dellon Rowe, Richsan Lindsay


Id number : 1902460, 1800701
Course Name: Electrical Machines 2
Programme: Electrical Engineering Diploma
Title of Experiment: AC 3-Phase 2 Pole Synchronous Generator,
Rotating Field.
Date of Experiment : November 02, 2021
Lecturer’s Name: Mrs. Arlene Mckenzie Cawley
Lab instructor: Mrs. Arlene Mckenzie Cawley
AIM:

To measure AC power, observe how the generator operates under open and short circuits.

THEORY:

The synchronous machine consists of two main parts the stator which carries the three-phase

winding and the rotor with one DC winding or permanent magnets, the excitation winding is

generally supplied with DC through slip rings. There must also be a source of mechanical energy

and a source of excitation. The armature windings are placed not shown in the slots of the inner

surface of the stator.  The prime mover is coupled to the shaft of the alternator.  When the prime

mover rotates the shaft of the alternator, the magnetic flux of the rotor that is linking the

armature will be changing.  The change of the flux generates an emf in the armature windings

according to Faraday’s Law.  The voltage generated depends on this flux and, therefore, on the

field current. The prime mover imparts mechanical power to the alternator.

OBJECTIVES:

 To understand the phase relationships between the generated voltages in the various

armature windings.

 To analyze the operation of a synchronous generator

 To analyze the factors that affects the generated voltage

EQUIPMENT:

 AC 3-phase generator set


 DC power supply

 0-20V

 5A

 0-300V

 AC voltmeters

 0-5A

 AC ammeter

 0-50V

 DC voltmeter

 0-5A

 DC ammeter

METHOD:

Open- Circuit Characteristics

a) The circuit was connected as shown in figure 2.

b) The dive motor was switched on and its speed was carried up to 1500 rpm and this value

was maintained throughout the test.

c) The DC rotor supply and the current was increased from 0-5A in steps and readings were

taken of ac phase voltage and rotor current at each step.

d) A graph of phase terminal voltage vs rotor current was plotted.

e) A graph of terminal voltage vs field current was plotted.

Short Circuit Characteristics


a) The three-line terminals were shorted together either directly or through an ammeter.

b) The drive motor speed was carried up to 1500rpm.

c) The dc rotor supply was turned on and the current increased in steps from zero to 5A,

readings were taken of output current on short circuit and rotor current at each step.

d) A graph of short circuit current vs field excitation was plotted.

Generator on Load

a) The resistors were connected on the resistor/capacitor board to the generator terminals to

provide a three-phase load.

b) The drive motor started and it maintained it’s speed constant at 1500rpm.

c) The d.c.supply was switched on to the rotor and was set to a current value that gave

approximately 35V per phase across the load resistors.

d) The phase voltage, phase current and rotor current were measured at this load.

RESULTS/OBSERVATIONS:

Open Circuit

Rotor Current Phase Voltage


1A 27.5 V
2A 55 V
3A 70 V
4A 80 V
5A 87.5 V
Voltage Vs Rotor current
100
90
80
70
60
Voltage Vs Rotor current
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 1 2 3 4 5

Base on the graph as the rotor current increased the phase voltage increased however as the

router current got greater the phase voltage value doesn’t increase greatly as opposed to moving

from 1A to 2A.

Short Circuit

Rotor Current Output Current


1A 0.3 A
2A 0.5 A
3A 0.8 A
4A 1.2 A
5A 1.6 A
Rotor current Vs output current
1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1 Rotor current Vs output curren

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 1 2 3 4 5

The graph depicts as the rotor current increases the short circuit current and base on the curve it

seems more as if it is exponential as it is going diagonally

Generator on Load

Phase Voltage 35 V
Phase Current 0.5 A
Rotor Current 2.2 A
Load Resistance 12Ω

What is the total power delivered to the load for your test?

PT =3 ×(35× 0.5)=52.5 W
CALCULATION:

UNCERTAINTY/ERROR ANALYSIS:

DISCUSSION:

Dellon Rowe

The lab exercise was to observe the synchronous generator when it has an open circuit, short

circuit and under load. There was a drive motor coupled to the generator which was used to

provide the rotation and the drive motor was set to a speed of 1500rpm. During the open circuit

test, the generator still operated and it was noted that as the router current increased so did the

phase voltage. While on the short-circuit operation the graph showed that as router current

increased the output current also increased. Under load, the generator produced a voltage of 35V

and a phase current of 0.5A

CONCLUSION:

REFERENCES:

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