A.

General Formula and Material List For Construction Material

1. Mix ratio

1.1. Concrete mix ratio = 1:2:4

Volume of concrete = zm3

Cement = 1/7* zm3*1400kg/ m3 *1.3 shrinkage*1.05 wastage

=275kgz
=0.19m3z
Sand = 2/7 * zm3 * 1840kg/m3 *1.3 shrinkage * 1.05 wastage
=718kgz
=0.89m3z
Gravel = 4/7 * zm3 * 2250kg/m3 *1.3 shrinkage * 1.05 wastage
=1755kgz
=0.95m3z

1.2. Lime mortar mix ratio = 1:4

Volume of concrete = ym3

Lime = 1/5* ym3 * 1900kg/ m3 * 1.2 shrinkage * 1.05 wastage

=479kg y
=0.25m3 y
Sand = 4/5 * ym3 * 1840kg/m3 *1.2 shrinkage * 1.05 wastage
=1855kg y
=1.01m3 y

1.3. Mortar mix ratio = 1:4

Volume of concrete = wm3

Cement = 1/5 * zm3 * 1400kg/ m3 * 1.25 shrinkage * 1.05 wastage

=368kg z
=0.26m3 z
Sand = 2/7 * zm3 * 1840kg/m3 *1.3 shrinkage * 1.05 wastage
=718kgz
=0.89m3z
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 1.4. Compo mortar mix ratio = 1:2:9

Volume of concrete = xm3

Cement = 1/12 * xm3 * 1400kg/ m3 * 1.2 shrinkage * 1.05 wastage
=147kg x
=0.015m3 x
Lime = 2/12* xm3 * 1900kg/ m3 * 1.2 shrinkage * 1.05 wastage
=399kg x
=0.21m3 x
Sand = 9/12 * xm3 * 1840kg/m3 *1.2 shrinkage * 1.05 wastage
=1739kg x
=0.95m3 x

1.2. Nails 1.1. Reinforced bars

1 cm nail = 950pcs = 1kg No Particular bars Weight in kgs
2 cm nail = 826pcs = 1kg D2/162.162= Kg/m Plain Deformed Kg/m
1. Reinforced Ø6 2.664 2.808 0.222
4 cm nail = 546pcs = 1kg
2. Reinforced Ø8 4.74 4.992 0.416/0.395
6 cm nail = 235pcs = 1kg 3. Reinforced Ø10 7.404 7.776 0.648/0.62
7 cm nail = 180pcs = 1kg 4. Reinforced Ø12 10.65 11.184 0.932/0.89
5. Reinforced Ø14 14.52 15.24 1.27/1.21
8 cm nail =127pcs = 1kg
6. Reinforced Ø16 18.96 19.92 1.666/1.58
10 cm nail =63pcs = 1kg
7. Reinforced Ø18 26.76 28 2.33/2
12 cm nail = 44pcs = 1kg 8. Reinforced Ø20 29.76 31.87 3.13/2.47
15 cm nail = 29pcs = 1kg 9. Reinforced Ø22 35.76 37.56 2.98
10. Reinforced Ø25 46.2 48.6 4/3.85
Roofing nails = 105pcs = 1kg
11. Reinforced Ø28 57.96 71.76 5.98/4.83
Band iron = 15m = 1kg 12. Reinforced Ø30 75.72 79.56 6.63/6.31
16mm
ZIGBA truss 4m long
13. Reinforced Ø40 118.4 9.87
= 13pcs/truss
Plastic washer = 300pcs 1pkt

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2. Material list calculation
2.1. Calculating material for Concrete
Assuming 30 % shrinkage and 5% wastage
For mechanical mix water /cement = 0.4 – 0.5
For hand mix water / cement = 0.4 – 0.65
Note: hand mix shall only be allowed for class ᴨ concrete and shall not be allowed for concrete class 3
(c-20) and above

Item Type of work Material required to produce 1 m3 concrete

Concrete c-7 Cement = 150 kg (3 bags)
Mechanical mix
Sand = 773 kg (0.42m3) 1 m3=1840KG
1 Mix ratio 1:4:8
Gravel = 1890 kg (0.84m3) 1 m3=2250KG
Water = 60 liter
Concrete c-15 Cement = 200kg (4bags)
Mechanical mix
Sand = 754 kg (0.41m3)
2 Mix ratio 1:3:6
Gravel = 1843 kg (0.82m3)
Water = 80 liter
Concrete c-20 Cement = 275kg (5.5 bags)
Mechanical mix
Sand = 718 kg (0.39m3)
3 Mix ratio 1:4:8
Gravel = 1755 kg (0.78m3)
Water = 110 liter
Concrete c-30 and c-25 Cement = 325 kg (6.5 bags) and 6 bag
Mechanical mix
Sand = 837 kg (0.45m3)
4 Mix ratio 1:4:8
Gravel = 1536 kg (0.68m3)
Water = 130 liter
Concrete c-7 Cement = 153 kg (3.06 bags)
Hand mix
Sand = 704 kg (0.38m3)
5 Mix ratio 1:4:8
Gravel = 1966 kg (0.87m3)
Water = 92 liter
Concrete c-15 Cement = 202 kg (4.04bags)
Hand mix
Sand = 661 kg (0.36m3)
6 Mix ratio 1:4:8
Gravel = 1940kg (0.868m3)
Water = 121 liter

2.2. Calculating material for Concrete

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 2.2.1 Basic data
For one meter cube masonry work
Sub structure (foundation wall) = 1m3 of stone/m3
Super structure (semi dressed) = 1.25m3 of stone/m3
Super structure (dressed) = 1.5m3 of stone/m3
2.2.2 Stone masonry
A) 50cm thick basaltic or equivalent foundation wall bedded in cement mortar 1:4
1. Stone 1 m3/m3
2. Mortar 0.4 m3/m3
2.1 cement 150 kg/m3
2.2 sand 0.42 m3/m3
B) 50cm thick roughly dressed super structure stone wall bedded in cement mortar 1:4
1. Stone 1.25 m3/m3
2. Mortar 0.4 m3/m3
2.1 cement 150 kg/m3
2.2 sand 0.42 m3/m3
C) 40cm thick dressed super structure stone wall bedded in cement mortar 1:4
1. Stone = 1.5 m3/m3
2. Mortar = 0.4 m3/m3
2.1 cement =150 kg/m3
2.2 sand = 0.42 m3/m3

2.2.3 Brick masonry for super structure

a. ½ brick wall bedded in compo-mortar 1:2:9both side left for plastering
1. Brick with 5% wastage = 58 pcs/m2
2.compo-mortar (10mm joints) = 0.0353m3/m2

2.1 cement = 5 kg/m2

2.2 Sand =0.034 m3/m3with 15% wastage

2.3 lime =14kg/m2

b. One brick wall bedded in compo-mortar 1:2:9both side left for plastering
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 1. Brick with 5% wastage = 115 pcs/m2
2.compo-mortar (10mm joints) = 0.085m3/m2

2.1 cement = 12.5 kg/m2

2.2 Sand =0.081 m3/m3with 15% wastage

2.3 lime =34kg/m2

2.2.4 Hollow block masonry for super structure

a. 10cm thick hollow concrete block wall bedded in cement mortar 1:4

1. Hollow block with 5% wastage = 13 pcs/m2

2.Mortar (10mm joints) = 0.0135m3/m2

2.1 cement = 5 kg/m2with 20% wastage

2.2 Sand =0.014 m3/m3

b. 15cm thick hollow concrete block wall bedded in cement mortar 1:4

1. Hollow block with 5% wastage = 13 pcs/m2

2.Mortar (10mm joints) = 0.0353m3/m2

2.1 cement = 7.5 kg/m2with 20% wastage

2.2 Sand =0.022 m3/m3

c. 20cm thick hollow concrete block wall bedded in cement mortar 1:4
1. Hollow block with 5% wastage = 13 pcs/m2
2.Mortar (10mm joints) = 0.027m3/m2

2.1 cement = 10 kg/m2with 20% wastage

2.2 Sand =0.028 m3/m3

Additional information on Masonry work

1. Natural stone masonry for foundation 400mm thick hard basaltic stone masonry foundation wall bedded in
cement mortar 1:4 in full joint
a. basaltic stone 1.25 m3/m3 ×0.4m × 1.05waste =0.53m3/m2
b. mortar 0.34m3/m3 ×0.4m × 1.05waste = 0.14m3/m2
c. cement = 0.392qtl/m2
2. ditto but one side roughly dressed and left for pointing

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 a. basaltic stone 1.35 m3/m3 ×0.4m × 1.05waste =0.57m3/m2
b. mortar 0.34m3/m3 ×0.4m × 1.05waste = 0.14m3/m2
c. cement = 0.392qtl/m2
d. sand = 0.11m3/m2

Additional information on brick work

1) burnt brick walls for super structure 120mm thick burnt brick wall bedded in cement lime mortar 1:2:9 both
side left for plastering
a. brick =57.7pcs/m2
b. mortar with 15 % waste = 0.0263m3/m2
c. cement = 0.031qtl/m2
d. lime= 0.048qtl/m2
e. sand = 0.02m3/m2
2) ditto but 250mm thick
a. brick =115.4pcs/m2
b. mortar with 15 % waste = 0.062m3/m2
c. cement = 0.07qtl/m2
d. lime= 0.11qtl/m2
e. sand = 0.05m3/m2

2.3. mortar

Assuming 25% shrinkage

5% wastage

2.3.1 Cement mortar

Ite Type of work Material required to produce 1m3 mortar

m
1 Cement mortar 1:3 Cement = 460kg
Sand = 0.99m3
2 Cement mortar 1:4 Cement = 308kg
Sand = 1.05m3
3 Cement mortar 1:5 Cement = 306kg
Sand = 1.1m3
4 Cement mortar 1:6 Cement = 263kg (4bags)
Sand = (1.13m3)

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2.3.2 Compo-mortar

Assuming 20% shrinkage

5% wastage

Item Type of work Material required to produce 1m3 mortar

Cement = 221kg
1 Compo-mortar 1:1:6
Sand = 0.95m3

Lime = 300kg

Cement = 147kg
2 Compo-mortar 1:2:9 Sand = 0.95m3

Lime = 399kg

Cement = 195kg
3 Compo-mortar 1:3 Sand = 0.89m3

Lime = 528kg

2.3.3Light weight screed

Assuming 25% shrinkage

5% wastage

Item Type of work Material required to produce 1m3 mortar

1 Cement pumice 1:6 Cement = 263kg

pumice = 1.13m3

2 Cement pumice 1:8 Cement = 205kg

pumice = 1.17m3

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 2.4. ROOFING
I. Roofing Out Of Corrugated Iron Sheet Nailed On Wooden Truss

a) roof covering up to 15% slope

1Roofing Sheet = 1.38M2/ corrugated iron sheet
2 Washer=10 pcs/ iron sheet
3 Dome Headed Nail =10 pcs/ iron sheet
b) roof ridge 33cm wide
1covering of 2m length = 5pcs/ 9ml
2Dome Headed Nail =0.05kg/ ml
c) valley covers
1covering of 2m length = 5pcs/ 9ml
2Nails 6cm =0.006kg/ ml
d) Gutter
1gutter with 2% wastage= 1.02mls/ml
2 lead
3 acid
4 screws (fixers)= 3pcs/ml
5 metal bracket = 3pcs/ml
e) Down pipe
1Down Pipe = 9pcs/ ml
2 Metal Bracket =2 Pcs/ ml
3 Nut and Belt for Metal Brakes (Fixers)=4pcs/ ml
f) Fascia board
1fascia board with 10% wastage = 1.1ml / ml
2 nails =0.007kg/ ml

II. Roofing Out Of Corrugated Asbestos On Wooden Truss

a) roof covering up to 20% slope
1Roof covering = 2.25m2 asbestos sheet
2 “J” hooks=12 pcs/ asbestos sheet
3 washer =12 pcs/ asbestos sheet

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 b) roof ridge up to 20% slope
1Roof covering = 2.25m2 asbestos sheet
2 “J” hooks=12 pcs/ asbestos sheet
3 washer =12 pcs/ asbestos sheet
c) Gutter
1gutter
2 “J” hooks
3 washer
III. Roofing Out Of EGA Sheet On steel Truss

a) roof covering
“J” hooks
b) roof ridge
1Roof covering
2 “J” hooks
c) valley covers
1covering
2 “J” hooks
d) Gutter
1gutter with 2% wastage= 1.02pcs/ml
2 screws (fixers)= 4pcs/ml
3 metal bracket = 2pcs/ml
e) Down pipe
1Down Pipe = 9pcs/ ml
2 Metal Bracket =2 Pcs/ ml
3 Nut and Belt for Metal Brakes (Fixers) =4pcs/ ml
f) Roofing nails
1kg = 105pc 1pkt = 3kg = 315pcs

2.5. carpentry and joinery

a) Eucalyptus Truss For Span Up To 10m
1Ø10-12 cm upper and lower eucalyptus wood truss member with 50 % wastage =1.5ml/ml

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 2 nails=0.04kg/ ml
3 band/iron=0.12kg/ ml
4Ø8-10 cm vertical and diagonal eucalyptus wood truss member with 60 % wastage =1.6ml/ml
5nails=0.06kg/ ml
6band/iron=0.17kg/ ml
b) Truss out of 5×1ocm and 15 cm wood up to 10m span
15×10cm ZIGBA wood upper member in truss with 15 % wastage =1.5ml/ml
2 nails=0.03kg/ ml
3 band/iron=0.10kg/ ml
45×10cm ZIGBA wood diagonal and vertical member in truss with 20 % wastage =1.2ml/ml
5 2×2.5×15cm ZIGBA wood lower member in truss with 15 % wastage =2.3ml/ml
6nails=0.04kg/ ml
7band/iron=0.2kg/ ml
c) Truss out of 2.5×15cm ZIGBA wood
12× (2.5×15cm) ZIGBA wood upper and lower member with 15 % wastage =2.3ml/ml
2 nails=0.03kg/ ml
3 band/iron=0.10kg/ ml
42×2.5×15cm diagonal and vertical member with 20 % wastage =2.4ml/ml
5nails=0.04kg/ ml
6band/iron=0.2kg/ ml
d) purlin
16 - 8cm eucalyptus wood purlin with 40 % wastage =1.4ml/ml
2 nails=0.025kg/ ml
35×7 ZIGBA wood purlin with 20 % wastage =1.2ml/ml
4nails =0.15kg/ ml
e) Fascia board
1Zigba or Tid wood with 15% wastage =1.15ml/ml
2 nails=0.1kg/ ml
f) Door and window frame
1wood with 15% wastage =1.15ml/ml
2 nails =0.05kg/ ml
g) Cheap wood ceiling nailed on 4×5 zigba wood battens placed at c/c 41cm
14×5cm ZIGBA wood battens with 15 % wastage =2.3ml/m2
2 cheap wood 10% wastage =1.10m2/ m2

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 3 nails of 6cm=0.07kg/ m2
4corner list =1.75ml/m2
5middle list of necessary with 15% wastage =2.85mts/ m2
h) Cheap wood ceiling nailed on 4×5 zigba wood battens placed at c/c 41cm
14×5cm ZIGBA wood battens with 10 % wastage =6.3ml/ml
2 cheap wood 10% wastage =1.10m2/ m2
3 nails=0.08kg/ m2
4corner list =1.75ml/m2
5middle list of necessary =4.55mts/ ml
i) Hard board ceiling nailed on 4×5 zigba wood battens placed at c/c 61cm
14×5cm ZIGBA wood battens with 15 % wastage =4.6ml/ml
2 cheap wood 10% wastage =1.10m2/ m2
3 nails=0.07kg/ m2
4corner list =1.75ml/m2
5middle list =2.85mts/ ml
j) Abujedid ceiling nailed on 4×5cm zigba wood battens placed at c/c 50cm
14×5cm ZIGBA wood battens with 10 % wastage =5.28ml/ml
2 Abujedid with 10% wastage =1.10m2/ m2
3 nailed =0.05kg/ m2
4corner list =1.75ml/m2
5middle list =3.53mts/ ml

k) Doors and windows

Note by writing the size of doors and windows the number can be given in pcs
1ledged and battened door
2 ledged, braced and battened door
3 framed, ledged braced on battened door
4framed, ledged and battened door
5flush door
6 paneled door

l) Size of doors (standards)

1for bed rooms =80×210cm
=90×210cm

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 2for living rooms =90×210cm
=120×210cm
3for W.C rooms =70×210cm
=80×210cm
4for kitchen rooms =80×210cm
=90×210cm

2.6. Metal work

i. For single leaf 0.90×2.10m door made out of tubular profile black iron steel 1m of its height
covered with sheet metal material required

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 a) L tubular with 5% wastage = 6.3ml/pcs
b) Z tubular with 5% wastage = 3.26ml/pcs
c) T tubular with 5% wastage = 0.95ml/pcs
d) O tubular with 5% wastage = 4.00 ml/pcs
e) Sheet metal with 5% wastage = 4.00 ml/pcs
f) Lock = 1pcs/pcs
g) Hinge = 2pcs/pcs
h) Parker screw with 10% wastage = 14.00 pcs/pcs
i) Electrode =
j) Flat iron = 3.80 ml/pcs
ii. Ditto but for double leaf door size 1.20×2.10m
a) L tubular with 5% wastage = 6.93ml/pcs
b) Z tubular with 5% wastage = 7.88ml/pcs
c) T tubular with 5% wastage = 3.14ml/pcs
d) O tubular with 5% wastage = 7.46 ml/pcs
e) Sheet metal with 5% wastage = 1.32ml/pcs
f) Lock = 1pcs/pcs
g) Hinge = 4pcs/pcs
h) Stopper = 2pcs/pcs
i) Parker screw with 10% wastage = 33.00 pcs/pcs
j) Electrode =
k) Flat iron = 5.46m2/pcs
iii. Ditto but for door size 80×2.10msingle leaf
a) L tubular with 5% wastage = ml/pcs
b) Z tubular with 5% wastage = 5.25ml/pcs
c) T tubular with 5% wastage = 0.84ml/pcs
d) O tubular with 5% wastage = 3.99 ml/pcs
2
e) Sheet metal with 5% wastage = 0.84m /pcs
f) Lock = 1pcs/pcs
g) Hinge = 2pcs/pcs
h) Parker screw with 10% wastage = 14.00 pcs/pcs
i) Electrode =
j) Flat iron = 3.78ml /pcs
iv. French window size 2.00×2.10mwith two opening size 0.70×0. 70m made out of tubular profile
black iron steel & 0.3m of height covered with sheet metal dividers placed at c/c 70cm
a) L tubular with 5% wastage = 8.41ml/pcs
b) Z tubular with 5% wastage = 5.88ml/pcs

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 c) T tubular with 5% wastage = 10.71ml/pcs
d) O tubular with 5% wastage = 24 ml/pcs
e) Sheet metal with 5% wastage = 0.63m2/pcs
f) Handle = 2pcs/pcs
g) Hinge = 4pcs/pcs
h) Stopper= 2pcs/pcs
i) Parker screw with 10% wastage = 80.00 pcs/pcs
j) Electrode =
k) Flat iron = 6.10ml /pcs
v. French window size 3.00×2.10mwith single leaf door size 0.70×2. 10m& window 0.60×0. 60m
opening made out of tubular profile black iron steel & 0.3m of height covered with sheet metal
dividers placed at c/c 60cm
a) L tubular with 5% wastage = 10.71ml/pcs
b) Z tubular with 5% wastage = 10.92ml/pcs
c) T tubular with 5% wastage = 9.45ml/pcs
d) O tubular with 5% wastage = 37.8 ml/pcs
e) Sheet metal with 5% wastage = 0.945m2/pcs
f) Lock = 1pcs/pcs
g) Handle = 6pcs/pcs
h) Hinge = 2pcs/pcs
i) Stopper= 2pcs/pcs
j) Parker screw with 10% wastage = 132.00 pcs/pcs
k) Electrode =
l) Flat iron = 9.45ml /pcs
vi. Window size 1.00×1. 20mmade out of tubular profile black iron sheet which has one opening
a) L tubular with 5% wastage = 4.63ml/pcs
b) Z tubular with 5% wastage = 3.57ml/pcs
c) T tubular with 5% wastage = 1.26ml/pcs
d) O tubular with 5% wastage = 7.14 ml/pcs
e) Handle = 1pcs/pcs
f) Hinge = 2pcs/pcs
g) Stopper= 1pcs/pcs
h) Parker screw with 10% wastage = 22.00 pcs/pcs
i) Electrode =
vii. Ditto but for size 1.50×1. 20mmade out of tubular profile black iron sheet which has two opening

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 a) L tubular with 5% wastage = 5.67ml/pcs
b) Z tubular with 5% wastage = 7.14ml/pcs
c) T tubular with 5% wastage = 2.52ml/pcs
d) O tubular with 5% wastage = 10.71 ml/pcs
e) Handle = 2pcs/pcs
f) Hinge = 2pcs/pcs
g) Stopper= 4pcs/pcs
h) Parker screw with 10% wastage = 38.00 pcs/pcs
i) Electrode =
viii. 1000lit water capacity tank with manhole on top
a) Sheet metal= 3pcs/pcs
b) Angle iron = 4ml/pcs
c) Hinge = 2pcs/pcs
d) Electrode = 1packet/pcs
e) Manicotto= 2pcs/pcs
f) Paint antirust = 0.24lit/pcs
g) Enamel paint= 0.72lit/pcs
h) Ø12 reinforcement = 3ml/pcs
ix. 2000lit water capacity tank with manhole on top
a) Sheet metal = 5pcs/pcs
b) Angle iron = 4ml/pcs
c) Hinge = 2pcs/pcs
d) Electrode = 1 ¾ packet/pcs
e) Manicotto= 2pcs/pcs
f) Paint antirust = 0.4lit/pcs
g) Enamel paint= 1.2lit/pcs
h) Ø12 reinforcement = 4ml/pcs

2.7. Pointing

a) Brick wall pointing with cement mortar 1:3 with 15% wastage per 10 square meter
1. Mortar = 0.03m3/10m2 =0.003m3/m2
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 1.1. Cement = 3.78 kg/10m2 =0. 378kg/m2
1.2. Sand= 0.03 m3/10m2 =0.003m3/m2
b) Stone wall pointing with cement mortar 1:3 with 12% wastage per 10 square meter
1. Mortar = 0.06m3/10m2 =0.006m3/m2
1.1. Cement = 27.56 kg/10m2 =2.756kg/m2
1.2. Sand= 0.06 m3/10m2 =0.006m3/m2
c) Hollow block wall pointing with cement mortar 1:3 with 15% wastage per 10 square meter
1. Mortar = 0.02m3/10m2 =0.002m3/m2
1.1. Cement = 9.19 kg/10m2 =0. 919kg/m2
1.2. Sand= 0.02 m3/10m2 =0.002m3/m2
d) Brick wall pointing with cement mortar 1:4 with 15% wastage per 10 square meter
1. Mortar = 0.03m3/10m2 =0.003m3/m2
1.1. Cement = 11.04 kg/10m2 =1.104kg/m2
1.2. Sand= 0.03 m3/10m2 =0.003m3/m2
e) Brick wall pointing with cement mortar 1:4 with 12% wastage per 10 square meter
1. Mortar = 0.06m3/10m2 =0.006m3/m2
1.1. Cement = 22.08 kg/10m2 =2. 208kg/m2
1.2. Sand= 0.06 m3/10m2 =0.006m3/m2
f) Brick wall pointing with cement mortar 1:3 with 10% wastage per 10 square meter
1. Mortar = 0.02m3/10m2 =0.002m3/m2
1.1. Cement = 7.36 kg/10m2 =0. 736kg/m2
1.2. Sand= 0.02 m3/10m2 =0.002m3/m2

2.8. Plastering
A) Cement mortar plaster on walls per 10 square meters

12mm thick with 12mm thick with 12mm thick with 12mm thick with
20% wastage 20% wastage 20% wastage 20% wastage
Proportion
mortar=0.144m3 mortar=0.144m3 mortar=0.144m3 mortar=0.144m3
of cement
mortar

Cement(kg Sand(m3 Cement(kg Sand(m3 Cement(kg Sand(m3 Cement(kg Sand(m3

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 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
1:3 66.15 0.14 79.10 0.17 102.90 0.22 114.84 0.25

1:4 53.00 0.15 63.80 0.18 82.43 0.24 92.00 0.26

1:5 44.10 0.16 52.68 0.19 68.60 0.25 76.56 0.27

1:6 37.80 0.16 45.15 0.19 58.80 0.25 65.62 0.28

2.9. Rendering
a) Cement mortar rendering on walls per 10 square meters with 20% wastage mix proportion 1:3

1. Mortar = 0.06m3/10m2 =0.006m3/m2

1.1. Cement = 27.56 kg/10m2 =2.756kg/m2

1.2. Sand= 0.06 m3/10m2 =0.006m3/m2

b) Cement mortar rendering on walls per 10 square meters with 20% wastage mix proportion 1:4

1. Mortar = 0.06m3/10m2 =0.006m3/m2

1.1. Cement = 22.08 kg/10m2 =2.208kg/m2

1.2. Sand= 0.06 m3/10m2 =0.006m3/m2

2.10. Flooring
a) Terrazzo tile (cement tile) flooring bedded in cement mortar 1:4
1. Terrazzo tile (cement tile) with 20% wastage
Size 20×20 = 26pcs/m2
2. 2.5 cm thick mortar with 10% wastage for laying
2.1. Cement =10.12 kg /m2
2.2. Sand =0. 0275 m3 /m2
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 3. Mortar 1:3 for grouting with 20% wastage = 0.001m3/m2
3.1. Cement = 0.46 kg/10m2
3.2. Sand = 0.001m3/10m2
b) Cement screed flooring with an average thickness 2.5cm

1. Mortar 1:3 with 20% wastage = 0.03m3/m2

a. Cement = 13.78 kg/10m2
b. Sand = 0.03m3/10m2
c) 2cm thick marble slate flooring bedded in cement sand screed 1:4

1 marble slate with 2% wastage = 1.02m2/m2

2 2.5 cm thick mortar with 10% wastage = 0.0275m3/m2
2.1 Cement = 10.12 kg/m2
2.2 Sand = 0.029m3/m2
3 polish = 0.03kg/m2
d) 2cm thick marble slate flooring bedded in cement sand screed 1:4

1 marble chips with 20% wastage = 1.2m2/m2

2 mortar with 10% wastage = 0.0275m3/m2
2.1 Cement = 10.12 kg/m2
2.2 Sand = 0.029m3/m2
3 polish = 0.03kg/m2
e) 1.5mm, 2mm, or 2.5mm thick plastic tile flooring

1. Plastic with 5% wastage size 25×25 = 17pcs/m2

Plastic with 5% wastage size 30×30 = 12pcs/m2
2. Adhesive including wastage = 0.3kg/m2
3. polish = 0.3kg/m2

f) Woira wood para-quet flooring

1. Woira wood with2% wastage =1.03m2/m2

2. Adhesive glue including wastage = 0.4kg/m2
3. polish = 0.6kg/m2
g) Wooden flooring

18 |
 1. Boarding with3% wastage =1.02m2/m2
2. Nails 4-6cm length
3. Floor joist at50cm apart with 5% wastage size 5×7cm = 0.6kg/m2
4. Nails for floor joint
h) Carpet flooring
1. Carpet with 5% wastage = 1.05m2/m2

2.11. Wall tiles

A) Ceramic wall tiles
1. Ceramic wall tiles with 5% wastage size 15×15cm = 47pcs/m2
7 ½ ×15cm = 94pcs/m2
5 ×15cm = 210pcs/m2
19 |
 10 ×10cm = 105pcs/m2
2. Mortar 1:4 for bedding with 10% wastage = 0.001m3/m2
2.1 Cement = 0.37 kg/m2
2.2 Sand = 0.001m3/m2
3. Cement for grouting the joint = 0.01kg/m2
B) Mosaic wall tile
1. Mosaic wall tiles with 2% wastage = 1.02m2/m2
2. Mortar 1:4 for bedding with 10% wastage = 0.001m3/m2
2.1 Cement = 0.37 kg/m2
2.2 Sand = 0.001m3/m2
3. Cement for grouting the joint = 0.02kg/m2
C) Skirting
a. Terrazzo tile(cement tile for skirting bedded in cement mortar 1:4)
1. Tile with 10% wastage size 10×20cm = 11pcs/ml
2. Mortar 1:4 for bedding with 10% wastage = 0.0006m3/pcs
2.1 Cement = 0.22 kg/pcs
2.2 Sand = 0.0006m3/pcs
b. Plastic tile skirting
1. Plastic tile with 2% wastage =1.02m/ml
2. Adhesive including wastage= 0.01kg/ml
c. Marble slate skirting
1. Marble slate with 10% wastage = 1.10m/ ml
2. Mortar 1:4 for bedding with 10% wastage = 0.003m3 /ml
2.1 Cement = 1.10 kg/ml
2.2 Sand = 0.003m3/ml
d. Wooden skirting
1. Wooden with 10% wastage = 1.10m/ ml
2. Fisher = 5pcs/ml
3. Screw = 5pcs/ml

D) Window sill
a. Marble slate window sill width 27cm
1. Marble 2 0r 3cm thick = 1m/ml
2. Mortar 1:4 with 10% wastage = 0.007m3/pcs
2.1 Cement = 2.6 kg/pcs

20 |
 2.2 Sand = 0.007m3/pcs
b. Ganglia window sill width 27cm
1 Ganglia 3cm thick = 1m/ ml
2 Mortar 1:4 with 10% wastage = 0.007m3 /ml
2.1 Cement = 2.6 kg/ml
2.2 Sand = 0.007m3/ml
c. Precast concrete window sill 5cm thick 27cm wide
1. concrete with 10% wastage =0.015m3/ml
2. Mortar with 10% wastage = 0.007m3/ml

2.12. Glazing
a) 3mm thick glass fixed on tubular profile black iron steel
1. 3mm glass with 10% wastage = 1.1m2/m2
2. Putty = 0.2kg/m2

21 |
 b) 4mm thick glass fixed on tubular profile black iron steel
1. glass with 10% wastage = 1.10m2/m2
2. Putty = 0.2kg/m2
c) 5mm thick glass fixed on tubular profile black iron steel
1. 3mm glass with 10% wastage = 1.10m2/m2
2. Putty = 0.15kg/m2
d) 3mm thick glass fixed on seco profile (galvanized iron steel)
1. 3mm glass with 10% wastage = 1.1m2/m2
2. Putty = 0.25kg/m2
e) 4mm thick glass fixed on seco profile (galvanized iron steel)
1. 4mm glass with 10% wastage = 1.1m2/m2
2. Putty = 0.2kg/m2
f) 5mm thick glass fixed on seco profile (galvanized iron steel)
1. 5mm glass with 10% wastage = 1.1m2/m2
2. Putty = 0.15kg/m2

2.13. Painting
a) 2 coats of plastic emulsion paint to internal newly plastered surface
1. Priming coat to fill the props of the surface prepare smooth base
For the 1st paint coat = 62.5grams/m2
1.1. Stucco = 50gram /m2
22 |
 1.2. Animal glue before vinavil = 12.5gram/m2
2. 1st coat = 0.07lit/m2
3. 2nd coat = 0.06lit/m2
4. Brusher for plastic paint 140×40mm = 1pcs/500m2
5. Sand paper= 1.1m2/m2
6. Gypsum = 0.03kg/m2
b) 3 coats of plastic emulsion paint to internal newly plastered surface
1. Priming coat to fill the process of the surface to prepare smooth base For the 1st paint coat
1.1. Stucco = 50gram /m2
1.2. Animal glue before vinavil = 12.5gram/m2
2. 1st coat = 0.07lit/m2
3. 2nd coat = 0.06lit/m2
4. 3rd coat final coat = 0.05lit/m2
5. Brusher for plastic paint 140×40mm = 1pcs/500m2
6. Sand paper = 0.01m2/m2
7. Gypsum = 0.03kg/m2
c) 2 coats of plastic emulsion paint to external newly plastered surface
1. Priming coat to fill the process of the surface to prepare smooth base
For the 1st paint coat =62.5gram/m2
1.1. Stucco = 0.50gram /m2
1.2. Animal glue before vinavil = 12.5gram/m2
2. 1st coat = 0.08lit/m2
3. 2nd coat = 0.07lit/m2
4. Brusher for plastic paint 140×40mm = 1pcs/500m2
5. Sand paper = 0.01m2/m2
6. Cement mortar = 0.02kg/m2
d) 3 coats of plastic emulsion paint to external newly plastered surface
1. Priming coat to fill the process of the surface to prepare smooth base
For the 1st paint coat =62.5gram/m2
1.1. Stucco = 50gram /m2
1.2. Animal glue before vinavil = 12.5gram/m2
2. 1st coat = 0.08lit/m2
3. 2nd coat = 0.07lit/m2
4. 3rd coat final coat = 0.06lit/m2
5. Brusher for plastic paint 140×40mm = 1pcs/500m2

23 |
 6. Sand paper = 0.01m2/m2
7. Cement mortar = 0.02kg/m2
e) 2 coats of plastic emulsion paint to external rendered surface
1. 1st coat = 0.08lit/m2
2. 2nd coat = 0.07lit/m2
3. Brusher for plastic paint 140×40mm = 1pcs/500m2
f) 3 coats of plastic emulsion paint to external rendered surface
1. 1st coat = 0.13lit/m2
2. 2nd coat = 0.11lit/m2
3. 3rd coat = 0.011lit/m2
4. Brusher for plastic paint 140×40mm = 1pcs/500 m2
g) 2 coats of plastic emulsion paint to external rendered surface
1. 1st coat = 0.06lit/m2
2. 2nd coat = 0.05lit/m2
3. solvent(thinner) for 1st and 2nd coat = 0.5lit/ gall
4. Brusher 4” or 5” = 1pcs/200 m2
5. Stucco =0.05kg/ m2
6. sand paper = 0.007 m2/ m2
h) 3 coats of plastic emulsion paint to external rendered surface
1. 1st coat = 0.08lit/m2
2. 2nd coat = 0.07lit/m2
3. 3rd coat = 0.04lit/m2
4. solvent(thinner) for 1st and 2nd coat = 0.5lit/ gall
5. Brusher 4” or 5” = 1pcs/200 m2
6. (Stucco) knotting =0.05kg/ m2
7. sand paper = 0.007 m2/ m2

i) 2 coat of varnish or lurker paint to wooden surface

1. 1st coat = 0.06lit/m2
2. 2nd coat = 0.05lit/m2
3. Brusher 4” or 5” = 1pcs/200 m2

24 |
 4. (Stucco) knotting =0.05kg/ m2
5. sand paper = 0.007 m2/ m2
j) cement paint to porous smooth surface
1. cement paint = 0.5lit/m2
2. brush = 1pcs/200 m2
k) cement paint to porous rough surface
1. cement paint = 1.25lit/m2
2. brush = 1pcs/200 m2
l) 3 coats of plastic emulsion paint to chip wood celing
1. Priming coat =62.5gram/m2
1.1. Stucco = 50gram /m2
1.2. Animal glue before vinavil = 12.5gram/m2
2. 1st coat plastic emulsion paint = 0.05lit/m2
3. Knotting
3.1. Stucco = 0.05kg /m2
3.2. Gypsum = 0.04kg/m2
4. 2nd coat = 0.08lit/m2
5. 3rd coat = 0.07lit/m2
6. sand paper = 0.007 m2/ m2
7. Brusher 140×40mm = 1pcs/400 m2
m) 3 coats of synthetic enamel paint to steel surface
1. Priming coat (anti-rust) = 0.04lit/m2
2. Thinner for antirust = 0.05lit/m2
3. 1st coat = 0.04lit/m2
4. 2nd coat = 0.04lit/m2
5. 3rd coat = 0.04lit/m2
6. Thinner for the paint= 0.5lit/ gall
7. Brusher 4” or 5” = 1pcs/300 m2
8. sand paper = 0.007 m2/ m2

n) 3 coats of synthetic enamel paint to galvanized steel surface

25 |
Note galvanized iron should not be painted until it has been exposed to the weather for a half year as paint
adheres badly to new galvanized iron. It is necessary to paint sooner a coat mordant solution can be used.
This solution turns the galvanized iron black.

1. 1st coat = 0.04lit/m2

2. 2nd coat = 0.04lit/m2
3. 3rd coat = 0.04lit/m2
4. Thinner for the paint= 0.5lit/ gall
5. Brusher 4” or 5” = 1pcs/300 m2
6. sand paper = 0.007 m2/ m2

2.14. Damp-proofing and water proofing

26 |
 I. A. one coat of bitumen for plastered wall surface
1. bitumen emulsion for primer coat with 5% wastage = 0.42kg/m2
2. one coat of bitumen emulsion with 5% wastage = 0.79kg/m2
A. Two coat of bitumen for plastered wall surface
1. bitumen emulsion for primer coat with 5% wastage = 0.42kg/m2
2. Two coat of bitumen emulsion with 5% wastage = 1.58kg/m2
II. A. one coat of bitumen for ground slab
1. bitumen emulsion for primer coat with 5% wastage = 0.42kg/m2
2. one coat of bitumen emulsion with 5% wastage = 0.79kg/m2
B. Two coat of bitumen for ground slab
1. bitumen emulsion for primer coat with 5% wastage = 0.42kg/m2
2. Two coat of bitumen emulsion with 5% wastage = 1.58kg/m2
III. A. one coat of bitumen for roofing
1. bitumen emulsion for primer coat with 5% wastage = 0.32kg/m2
2. one ply of glass fiber with 10% wastage and overlap = 1.2m2/m2
3. one coat of bitumen emulsion with 5% wastage = 2.5kg/m2
IV. B. Two coat of bitumen for roofing
1. bitumen emulsion for primer coat with 5% wastage = 0.32kg/m2
2. Two ply of glass fiber with 10% wastage and overlap = 2.41m2/m2
3. Two coat of bitumen emulsion with 5% wastage = 4.5kg/m2
4. Two coat of reflecting emulsion with 5% wastage = 0.32kg/m2

2.15. Sanitary work

27 |
 I. In villa houses for water supply
1. ½” & ¾ ” galvanized water pipes are laid &those are found in pcs= 6ml
2. sewerage in villa houses 11/4 &11/2 pipes arelaid &those are found in pcs =6ml
II. sanitary equipment
1. enamel bath tubs size 170×70cm= pcs
2. shower plate size 70×70cm, 80×80cm= pcs
3. wash basin 60×50cm, 55×45cm, 40×40cm& 40×30cm = pcs
4. bottle trap =pcs
5. water closet low flush or high flash =pcs
6. Turkish water closet =pcs
7. Bidet =pcs
8. Urinal =pcs
III. Sink
1. Single bowl 100×50cm, 120×50cm, 140×50cm, 150×50cm, 180×50cm, 200×50cm =pcs
2. Soap holder =pcs
3. Paper roll holder =pcs
4. Mirror size =pcs

2.16. Electrical installation and electrical material

28 |
 I. A. conduits
1. Semi rigid electrical conduit
1.1. Conduits 11mm =ml
1.2. Conduits 13mm =ml
1.3. Conduits 14mm =ml
2. Rigid electrical conduit
2.1. Conduits 11mm, 13mm & 14mm =ml
2.2. Conduits 19mm, 20mm, 23mm &25mm =ml
2.3. Conduits 29mm 35mm, 42mm & 50mm =ml
II. Electrical junction boxes
1. switch boxes 0.65mm = pcs
2. junction boxes 0.85mm
2.1. Junction boxes 100×100mm =pcs
2.2. Junction boxes 100×150mm & 100×300mm =pcs
3. water proof junction boxes70mm =pcs
III. wire and cable
1. electrical wire rigid
1.1. single rigid wire 1×1mm2 =ml
1.2. single rigid wire 1×1.5mm2 =ml
1.3. single rigid wire 1×2mm2=ml
1.4. single rigid wire 1×2.5mm2 =ml
1.5. single rigid wire 1×4mm2=ml
1.6. single rigid wire 1×6.3mm2 =ml
1.7. single rigid wire 1×8mm2=ml
2. electrical wire flexible
2.1. single rigid wire 1×1mm2 =ml
2.2. single rigid wire 1×1.5mm2 =ml
2.3. single rigid wire 1×2mm2=ml
2.4. single rigid wire 1×2.5mm2 =ml
2.5. single rigid wire 1×4mm2=ml
2.6. single rigid wire 1×8mm2 =ml
2.7. single rigid wire 1×10mm2=ml
2.8. single rigid wire 1×16mm2 =ml
2.9. single rigid wire 1×25mm2=ml
3. flat wire

29 |
 3.1. Twin wire 2×0.25mm2=ml
3.2. Twin wire 2×0.35mm2=ml
3.3. Twin wire 2×0.5mm2=ml
3.4. Twin wire 2×0.8mm2=ml
3.5. Twin wire 2×2mm2=ml
3.6. Twin wire 2×2.5mm2=ml
4. Telephone wire
4.1. Telephone wire 2×0.5mm2=ml
4.2. Telephone wire 2×0.8mm2=ml
4.3. Telephone wire 2×1mm2=ml
5. Round flexible rubber cables
5.1. Rubber 2 core cable 2×0.5mm2 ,2×0.8mm2=ml
5.2. Rubber 2 core cable,2×1mm2, 2×1.5mm2 =ml
5.3. Rubber 2 core cable 2×2.5mm2 ,2×4mm2=ml
5.4. Rubber 2 core cable 3×0.5mm2 ,3×1mm2=ml
5.5. Rubber 2 core cable,3×2mm2, 3×1.5mm2 =ml
5.6. Rubber 2 core cable 3×2.5mm2, 3×4mm2, 3×6.3mm2=ml
5.7. Rubber 2 core cable 4×1.5mm2 ,4×2mm2=ml
5.8. Rubber 2 core cable,4×2.5mm2, 4×4mm2=ml
5.9. Rubber 2 core cable 4×6.3mm2=ml
6. Flat rigid cables
6.1. Rigid 2 core cable 2×0.5mm2 ,2×0.8mm2=ml
6.2. Rigid 2 core cable,2×1mm2, 2×1.6mm2=ml
6.3. Rigid r 2 core cable 2×2mm2 ,2×2.5mm22×4mm2=ml
6.4. Rigid 2 core cable 2×6.3mm2, 2×8mm2, 2×10mm2=ml
7. Round rigid cables
7.1. Round3 core cable 3×0.5mm2 ,3×0.8mm2=ml
7.2. Round3 core cable,3×1mm2, 3×1.6mm2 3×2mm2 =ml
7.3. Round3 core cable,3×2.5mm23×4mm23×6.3mm2=ml
7.4. Round 3 core cable, 4×1mm2,4×2.5mm24×4mm2=ml
7.5. Round 3 core cable, 4×6mm2=ml

IV. Line terminal

30 |
 1. Line terminal 05mm =pcs
2. Line terminal 06.5mm =pcs
3. Line terminal 08mm =pcs
4. Line terminal 09mm =pcs
V. Switch
1. Flush mounted
a. Flush mounted normal switches =pcs
b. Flush mounted two way switches =pcs
c. Flush mounted double two way switches =pcs
d. Flush mounted two way + two way tow switches =pcs
e. Flush mounted two way switches + boll push =pcs
2. Surface mounted switches
a. Surface mounted switches =pcs
b. Surface mounted two switches =pcs
c. Surface mounted double switches =pcs

3. Main switch
a. Main switch single pole =pcs
b. Main switch double pole =pcs
c. Main switch three pole =pcs
VI. Sockets
1. Surface mounting sockets in pcs
a. Surface mounting sockets 10A + ground
b. Surface mounting sockets 2×15A + ground
c. Surface mounting sockets 2×15A
2. Flush mounting socket in pcs
a. Flush mounting normal sockets 10A
b. Flush mounting normalsockets 10A + ground
c. Flush mounting normalsockets 15A+ ground
3. Heavy duty rubber socket in pcs
a. Heavy duty rubber sockets 2×10A+ ground
b. Heavy duty rubber sockets 2×15A+ ground
c. Heavy duty rubber sockets 3×15A+ ground

VII. Bell push

31 |
 1. Surface mounting in pcs
a. Surface mounting bell push 10Amp
2. Flush mounted
a. Flush mounting bell push 10Amp
b. Flush mounting bell push + socket
VIII. Electrical bells in pcs
1. Round bell 8-12volts
2. Round bell 220 volts
3. Din don bells 8-12volts
4. Din don bells 220 volts
IX. Bell indicators in pcs
1. Surface mounted and flush mounted
a. Bell Indicates No 6
b. Bell Indicates No 8
c. Bell Indicates No 10
d. Bell Indicates No 12
X. Electrical lamps
1. Normal lamp
2. Globe celling lamp
3. Globe straight base for walls
Globe slanting base for walls
4. Fluorescent lamp 1×10, 1×20, 2×10, 2×20 & 2×40
XI. Insulating tapes
1. Insulating tapes in roll
XII. Insulating staples
1. Insulating staples ¾ , 5/8 , in packets
XIII. Water heater in pcs
1. Water heater 30 lit
2. Water heater 50 lit
3. Water heater 80 lit
4. Water heater 100 lit
5. Water heater 120 lit
6. Water heater 150 lit

2.17. Site work

32 |
 A) Drains
1. Ø10cm concrete pipe installation in trench laid on 5cm thick red ash bed joints filled in cement mortar
1:4 per 20ml
1.1. Concrete pipe Ø10 with 5% wastage =21pcs/20ml
1.2. Mortar with 5% wastage =0.06m3/20ml
1.1.1. Cement = 22kg/20ml
1.1.2. Sand =0.06m3/20ml
1.3. Red ash = 0.13m3/20ml
2. Ø15cm concrete pipe installation in trench laid on 5cm thick red ash bed joints filled in cement mortar
1:4 per 20ml (ditto but Ø15cm)
2.1. Concrete pipe Ø10 with 5% wastage =21pcs/20ml
2.2. Mortar with 5% wastage =0.08m3/20ml
2.2.1. Cement = 29.44kg/20ml
2.2.2. Sand =0.08m3/20ml
2.3. Red ash with 5% wastage = 0.21m3/20ml
3. Ditto but Ø20cm
3.1. Concrete pipe Ø10 with 5% wastage =21pcs/20ml
3.2. Mortar with 5% wastage =0.1m3/20ml
3.2.1. Cement = 36.8kg/20ml
3.2.2. Sand =0.1m3/20ml
3.3. Red ash with 5% wastage = 0.26m3/20ml
4. Ditto but Ø30cm
4.1. Concrete pipe Ø10 with 5% wastage =21pcs/20ml
4.2. Mortar with 5% wastage =0.14m3/20ml
4.2.1. Cement = 51.52.kg/20ml
4.2.2. Sand =0.15m3/20ml
4.3. Red ash = 0.37m3/20ml
5. Ditto but Ø40cm
5.1. Concrete pipe Ø10 with 5% wastage =21pcs/20ml
5.2. Mortar with 5% wastage =0.18m3/20ml
5.2.1. Cement = 66.24kg/20ml
5.2.2. Sand =0.20m3/20ml
5.3. Red ash with 5% wastage = 0.47m3/20ml

6. Ditto but Ø50cm

33 |
 6.1. Concrete pipe Ø50cm with 5% wastage =21pcs/20ml
6.2. Mortar with 5% wastage =0.22m3/20ml
6.2.1. Cement = 73.64kg/20ml
6.2.2. Sand =0.21m3/20ml
6.3. Red ash with 5% wastage = 0.58m3/20ml
7. Ditto but Ø60cm
7.1. Concrete pipe Ø60 with 5% wastage =22pcs/20ml
7.2. Mortar with 5% wastage =0.28m3/20ml
7.2.1. Cement = 29.44kg/20ml
7.2.2. Sand =0.08m3/20ml
7.3. Red ash with 5% wastage = 0.68m3/20ml
8. Ditto but Ø80cm
8.1. Concrete pipe Ø80 with 5% wastage =22pcs/20ml
8.2. Mortar with 5% wastage =0.36m3/20ml
8.2.1. Cement = 132.48kg/20ml
8.2.2. Sand =0.38m3/20ml
9. Ditto but Ø100cm
9.1. Concrete pipe Ø10 with 5% wastage =22pcs/20ml
9.2. Mortar with 5% wastage =0.38m3/20ml
9.2.1. Cement = 139.84kg/20ml
9.2.2. Sand =0.4m3/20ml
B) Road constructed out of flexible asphalt
1. Sub base of basaltic or equivalent 25cm thick with 10% wastage = 0.28m3/m2
2. Base coarse 04-05 gravel 10cm thick with 20% wastage = 0.12m3/m2
3. Prime coat of MC 70 = 1.4lts/m2
4. Second layer of 02 gravel 5cm thick with 15% wastage = 0.058m3/m2
5. Second prime coat type 180-200MC = 1.5lts/m2
6. Wearing surface out of 01gravel 2cm thick with 15% wastage = 0.12m3/m2
7. Final coat asphalt = 1.5lts/m2
8. Fine crushed aggregate and dust 1cm thick with 20% wastage = 0.012m3/m2

34 |
 C) Manhole
1. 60×60cm made out of half brick wall bedded in cement mortar 1:4
1.1. Brick with 5% wastage = 111pcs/pcs
1.2. Mortar with 5% wastage = 0.13m3/pcs
1.2.1. Cement = 47.84kg/ pcs
1.2.2. Sand =0.14m3/pcs
2. 60×60×60cm made out of 15cm thick Hollow block wall bedded in cement mortar 1:4
2.1. Hollow block with 5% wastage = 23pcs/pcs
2.2. Mortar with 5% wastage = 0.037m3/pcs
2.2.1. Cement = 13.45kg/ pcs
2.2.2. Sand =0.037m3/pcs

35 |
 2.18. Fence work
 Materials for fence work are

1. Barbed wire in roll = 200ml

2. U nails in packet = 5kgs

3. Galvanized fencing net in roll = 25ml

4. Black sl fencing net in roll = 13ml

5. Black wire = 25kgs

6. Angle iron in pcs = 6 or 12ml

7. Angle t iron in pcs = 6 or 12ml

8. Eucalyptus posts in pcs = 2.0, 2.5 or 3.0 ml

9. Gabion in pcs = 1.0m

36 |
 B. Calculating unit price
In ordinary type of building the cost of material is about 60% & labor 40% of the total cost of the whole building

Materials: - walling material 25%, cement 13%, steel 10%, timber12%

Labor: -excavation 1%, mason 25%, carpenters 12%, smith 2%

The cost of separate items of works may be roughly as follow as percentage of the total cost of the building
for a single story building.

1. Excavation ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1%
2. Concrete in foundation-----------------------------------------------------------------------------2%
3. Foundation wall up to plinth----------------------------------------------------------------------5%
4. Wall (super structure)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------25%
5. Roofing ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------20%
6. Flooring----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6%
7. Masonry--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------15%
8. Internal finishing -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------6%
9. External ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3%
10. Water supply and sanitary work------------------------------------------------------------------12%
11. Electrification ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5%
100%

For the purpose of calculating unit prices the details about all the operations involved in carrying out the work
should available, the quantities of the materials required and their costs should be known and the number of
different categories of laborers required and the capacitydoing work per laborer and their wages per day should be
known

The rates of particular item of work depends on the following

 Specifications of work and materials, quality of materials proportions of mortar method of constructional
operation
 Quantities of materials and their rates, number of different type of laborer and their rates
 Location of the site of work and its distance from the sources of materials and their rates
 Profits overhead expenses and miscellaneous of contractor

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 Material cost: - include
 The first cost (cost of origin)
 Cost of transport
 Taxes etc…..

Labor cost:-

 Labor cost vary from place to place. In bigger cities where standard of living is high.
 Specialized and experienced labor is higher than small towns and country sides.

Transportation cost:-

 In the country if transportation of material is to be done the rate is on highway (as 0.02049
cents/kg/km on rural road (0.04 cent/kg/km)

Profit

 Contractors are allowed to get a net profit of 6 – 8%

Overhead cost & miscellaneous

These include general office expenses, rents, taxes, supervision and other costs. Which are indirect expenses and
not productive expenses on the job and this is about 5 -10%.

The analysis of rates of different items of work is the summation of cost of material, cost of labor, transportation
cost, profit and overhead cost and miscellaneous.

Transport cost

To transport cement from addisabeba to kebridehar

Type of vehicle=Truck (N3) with trailer

Capacity of truck =200qtl/trip

Average speed of truck =40km/hr

Total distance to cover =1035kms

1035
Time taken to arrive = = 25.8 ≈ 26 hr= 3.25days
40
=7 days round trip

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Rental rate of truck with fuel and wage (rental rate × day) hour/day = (86 × 7) 8 = 4816 birr/trip

1035× 2
Fuel expenses = 1.5
(it covers 1.5 km/liter) and 2 indicates for round trip

= 1380
= 1380 × 1.46 fuel cost per liter (1.46 birr/liter)
= 2014.80 birr
Driver wages

420 ×7
Driver salary = 26
= 113 birr

Benefit = 20× 7 = 140 birr

= total driver salary is 113 + 140 =253 birr

180× 7
Assistance salary = 26
= 63 birr

Benefit = 18 × 7 = 126 birr

= total assistance salary is 63 + 126 = 189 birr
Grand total cost is the sum of driver and assistance salary is (253 + 189) = 442 birr
Loading and unloading (20cent/qtl)

= 2 (200 × 0.20 birr/qtl) = 80birr/qtl

Storage cost = (0.02 × 200) × 10 days = 40 birr

Total transport cost=rental rate of truck+ fuel expenses+ drivers salary+ loading and unloading cost+ storage cost

= 4816 + 2014.8 + 442 + 80 + 40

= 7392.8 birr

7392.8birr
Transport cost per quintals = = 36.96 ≈ 37 birr/qtl
200 qtl

Cost of cement = 41birr/qtl

Total Cost = material cost + transport cost

= 41birr/qtl + 37 birr/qtl

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 = 78 birr/qtl

C. PRODUCTION RATE FOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Item Crew formation Hourly

Type of activity Unit
number Labor Equipment output
1 Forman
3
1. 5cm thick lean concrete (c-7) m 2 mason 1 mixer 2.25 m2
45 D.L
1 Forman
1 mixer
3
2. concrete (c-15) m 2 mason 2.25 m2
1vibrator
45 D.L
1 Forman
1 mixer
3
3. C-25Concrete For Footing m 2 mason 2.25 m2
1vibrator
45 D.L
1 Forman
1 mixer
3
4. C-25Concrete For column m 2 mason 0.75 m2
1vibrator
25 D.L
1 Forman
1 mixer
3
5. C-25Concrete For grade beam m 2 mason 1.75 m2
1vibrator
45 D.L
1 Forman
1 mixer
3
6. C-25Concrete For slab m 2 mason 2.25 m2
1vibrator
45 D.L
1 Forman
1 mixer
3
7. C-25top beam and lintel m 2 mason 1.5 m2
1vibrator
45 D.L
1/6 Forman
2
8. 30cm ribbed slab m 1 mason 2.00 m2
2 D.L
1 Forman
9. Wooden formwork For Footing m2 2 mason 0.6 m2
45 D.L
1/6Forman
1 Carpenter
10. Wooden formwork For column m2 1.5 m2
1 Helper
1 D.L

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 D. Calculating labor requirement

Labor Efficiencies
Item Description Labor requirement
Gang Time Work to be executed

1. Excavation and earth work

1.1. Site clearing to remove top soil to an 2 D.L 8hr 10 m2

average depth of 20cm
1.2. Trench excavation in ordinary soil

a) To a depth of 1.2m 1 D.L 8hr 1.25m3

b) To a depth of 2.2m 1 D.L 8hr 1 m3

c) To a depth of 3.0m 1 D.L 8hr 0.75 m3

1.3. Bulk excavation in ordinary soil

a) To a depth of 1.5m 1 D.L 8hr 1.5 m3

1.4. Cart away

a) To 500m away from the site 1 D.L 8hr 1.5 m3

b) To 1km away from the site 1 D.L 8hr 1 m3

1.5. Hard coring 25cm thick 1M+4 D.L 8hr 18

1.6. Back fill around foundation

a) Loose soil 1 D.L 8hr 2 m3

b) Aggregate 1 D.L 8hr 11/2 m3

2. Concrete work

2.1. Lean concrete

a) 5cm thick 1M+6 D.L 8hr 20 m2

b) 8cm thick 1M+6 D.L 8hr 15 m2

2.2. Floor slab

a) 5cm thick 1M+6 D.L 8hr 15 m2

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 b) 8cm thick 1M+6 D.L 8hr 12.5 m2

c) 15cm thick 1M+6 D.L 8hr 10 m2

2.3. Ground beam 1M+6 D.L 8hr 11/2 m2

2.4. Footing 1M+6 D.L 8hr 11/2m3

2.5. Foundation column 1M+6 D.L 8hr 11/4m3

2.6. Upper tie beam 1M+6 D.L 8hr 11/2m3

2.7. Lintel 1M+6 D.L 8hr 1m3

2.8. Column up to 2m 1M+6 D.L 8hr 1m3

2.9. Column above 2m 1M+6 D.L 8hr 11/4m3

3. Masonry work

3.1. Stone masonry sub structure

a) 40cm thick 2M+6 D.L 8hr 5 m3

b) 50cm thick 2M+6 D.L 8hr 6 m3

c) 60cm thick 2M+6 D.L 8hr 7 m3

3.2. Stone masonry super structure

a) 40cm thick 2M+6 D.L 8hr 3 m3

b) 50cm thick 2M+6 D.L 8hr 4 m3

c) 60cm thick 2M+6 D.L 8hr 5 m3

3.3. Brick masonry wall for plastering

a) 25cm thick up to 2m 1M+3 D.L 8hr 7 m2

b) 12cm thick up to 2m 1M+3 D.L 8hr 9 m2

c) 25cm thick up to 2-4m 1M+3 D.L 8hr 5 m2

d) 12cm thick up to 2-4m 1M+3 D.L 8hr 7 m2

3.4. Hollowblock masonry wall for

plastering
a) 20cm thick up to 2m 1M+2 D.L 8hr

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 b) 15cm thick up to 2m 1M+2 D.L 8hr

c) 10cm thick up to 2m 1M+2 D.L 8hr

d) 20cm thick up to 2-4m 1M+2 D.L 8hr

e) 15cm thick up to 2-4m 1M+2 D.L 8hr

f) 10cm thick up to 2-4m 1M+2 D.L 8hr

4. Roofing work

4.1. Leaf covering (G.C.1) 1C+2 D.L 8hr

4.2. Ridge cover 1C+2 D.L 8hr

4.3. Valley cover 1C+2 D.L 8hr

4.4. Gutter fixing 1C+2 D.L 8hr

4.5. Joining eucalyptus truss up to 10m 1C+2 D.L 8hr

span on ground
4.6. Down pipe fixing 1C+2 D.L 8hr

4.7. Truss erecting 1C+2 D.L 8hr

4.8. Fixing corrugated asbestos 1C+2 D.L 8hr

4.9. Fixing EGA sheet joining 1C+2 D.L 8hr

4.10. Joining zigba truss up to 10m span on 1C+2 D.L 8hr

ground
4.11. Zigba truss erecting 1C+2 D.L 8hr

4.12. Fascia board fixing 1C+2 D.L 8hr

5. Joinery work

5.1. Leaf covering (G.C.1) 1C+2 D.L 8hr

5.2. Ridge cover 1C+2 D.L 8hr

5.3. Valley cover 1C+2 D.L 8hr

5.4. Gutter fixing 1C+2 D.L 8hr

5.5. Joining eucalyptus truss up to 10m 1C+2 D.L 8hr

span on ground

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 6. Metal work

6.1. Metal door fixing 1W+2 D.L 8hr

6.2. Metal window fixing 1W+2 D.L 8hr

6.3. French window fixing 1W+2 D.L 8hr

7. Plastering and pointing

7.1. 1st coat plastering 1P+2 D.L 8hr

7.2. 2nd coat plastering 1P+2 D.L 8hr

7.3. 3rd coat plastering 1P+2 D.L 8hr

7.4. Pointing on stone wall 1P+2 D.L 8hr

7.5. Pointing on brick wall 1P+2 D.L 8hr

7.6. Pointing on hollow wall 1P+2 D.L 8hr

7.7. Pointing on dressed wall 1P+2 D.L 8hr

7.8. Rendering 1P+2 D.L 8hr

8. Flooring

8.1. Cement screed 1M+2 D.L 8hr

8.2. Cement tile fixing 1M+2 D.L 8hr

8.3. 1M+2 D.L 8hr

8.4. Par-quet flooring 1M+2 D.L 8hr

8.5. Wooden flooring 1M+2 D.L 8hr

8.6. Ceramic wall tile 1M+2 D.L 8hr

8.7. Plastic tile skirting 1M+2 D.L 8hr

8.8. Cement tile skirting 1M+2 D.L 8hr

8.9. Marble slate flooring 1M+2 D.L 8hr

8.10. Marble slate skirting 1M+2 D.L 8hr

8.11. Fixing pre-cat window sill 1M+2 D.L 8hr

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 8.12. Fixing un precast window sill 1M+2 D.L 8hr

9. Glazing

9.1. Cutting 1G+2 D.L 8hr

9.2. Fixing 1G+2 D.L 8hr

10. Painting

A. Plastic paint

10.1. Painting plastered wall surface 3coats 1P+1D.L 8hr

10.2. Painting rendered wall surface 1P+1D.L 8hr

10.3. Painting Abujedid wall 1P+1D.L 8hr

10.4. Painting hard board object 1P+1D.L 8hr

10.5. Painting chip wood ceiling 1P+1D.L 8hr

B. Synthetic paint

10.6. plastered wall surface 3coats 1P+1D.L 8hr

10.7. Wooden surface 1P+1D.L 8hr

10.8. Metal surface 1P+1D.L 8hr

11. Sanitary work

11.1. G.L pipe laying in ground ½ - 11/4 1P+2D.L 8hr 120m2 4min/ml

11.2. Fixing bath tub shower complete, 1P+1D.L 8hr 1pcs 8hr/pcs
wash basin, water closet, bidet, sink,
urinal
12. Electrical installation

12.1. Fixing conduits 1E+1D.L 8hr 40ml 12min/ml

12.2. Pulling wires 1E+1D.L 8hr 50ml 10min/ml

12.3. Fixing switches & out lets 1E+1D.L 8hr 20pcs 24min/pcs

12.4. Fixing fittings 1E+1D.L 8hr 10pcs 48min/pcs

12.5. Fitting distribution board 1E+1D.L 8hr 10pcs 8min/pcs

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 13. Site work

13.1. Drain laying

a) 0.10 – 0.30m 1M+3D.L 8hr 30ml 16min/ml

b) 0.40 – 0.60m 1M+3D.L 8hr 20ml 24min/ml

c) 0.80 – 1.00m 1M+3D.L 8hr 10ml 48min/ml

13.2. Curb stone 1M+3D.L 8hr 30ml 16min/ml

13.3. 0.60 ×0.60 ×0.60m manhole out of 1M+3D.L 8hr 3pcs 4hr/pcs
brick
13.4. 0.60 ×0.60 ×0.60m manhole out of 1M+3D.L 8hr 2pcs 4hr/pcs
hollow block
13.5. Fencing with galvanized fencing net 1M+3D.L 8hr 50m2 10min/ml

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