LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY

HOME WORK: #4

Name :Anurag Garg

Roll no B67

Reg no 11011526

Course Code: CSE102 Course Title: Exposure to Computer Disciplines

School: LST Department: CSE/IT

Part-A

Q-1 Give reason why we need different programming languages?

Ans1: In the starting of the computer world there was no software means no programming
language.At that time the hardware was the software.But later the codes language was the first
language that, a computer can understand.It was difficult with any one to work in machine
language so a new programming language was developed that was like some english. In the
1940s, the first recognizably modern, electrically powered computers were created. The limited
speed and memory capacity forced programmers to write hand tuned ASSEMBLY
LANGUAGE programs. It was soon discovered that programming in assembly language
required a great deal of intellectual effort and was error-prone.It was not easy to work with this
programming language.So in 1955 FORTRAN, the "FORmula TRANslator", invented by
John.and later on many languages were developed like c , c++ , java , asp, php html etc

Later the modern computer were developed and display quality ,speed and memory also
increases so a new and fast programming language was become a requirment for the us So we
need different programming languages.

Q-2 Write an algorithm to find the number divisible by three.

Ans 2 Algorithm to find the number divisible by three

Step 1: Input a number from user

Step 2: Devide number by 3

Step 3: Check if remender is 0 than print No. Is divisible by three

Q-3 Design a flowchart of attendance schedule in class.

CAns :3
Start

Assign P for present of student

A for Absent of student

S for total no of student

R for total no of student

yes

If roll no
= last roll Print P, A, S,
no+1 stop
R

no
Call the roll No

yes Add 1 to p & S

no

Add 1 to A &
R
 Part-B

Q-4 Compare and contrast structure chart, flowchart, algorithms and psedocodes.

Ans :4 Structure Chart : A Structure Chart (SC) in software engineering and organizational
theory is a chart, which shows the breakdown of the configuration system to the lowest
manageable levels.This chart is used in structured programming to arrange the program modules
in a tree structure. Each module is represented by a box, which contains the module's name. The
tree structure visualizes the relationships between the modules.

Flow Chart : A flowchart is a type of diagram that represents an algorithm or process, showing
the steps as boxes of various kinds, and their order by connecting these with arrows. This
diagrammatic representation can give a step-by-step solution to a given problem. Process
operations are represented in these boxes, and arrows connecting them represent flow of control.
Data flows are not typically represented in a flowchart, in contrast with data flow diagrams;
rather, they are implied by the sequencing of operations. Flowcharts are used in analyzing,
designing, documenting or managing a process or program in various fields.
Pseudocode Pseudocode is a compact and informal high-level description of a computer
programming algorithm that uses the structural conventions of a programming language, but is
intended for human reading rather than machine reading. Pseudocode typically omits details that
are not essential for human understanding of the algorithm, such as variable declarations,
system-specific code and subroutines. The programming language is augmented with natural
language descriptions of the details, where convenient, or with compact mathematical notation.
The purpose of using pseudocode is that it is easier for humans to understand than conventional
programming language code, and that it is a compact and environment-independent description
of the key principles of an algorithm. It is commonly used in textbooks and scientific
publications that are documenting various algorithms, and also in planning of computer program
development, for sketching out the structure of the program before the actual coding takes place.

No standard for pseudocode syntax exists, as a program in pseudocode is not an executable

Algorithms :

an algorithm is an effective method expressed as a finite list of well-defined instructions for

Algorithms are used for calculation, data processing, and automated reasoning.Starting from an
initial state and initial input (perhaps null),

the instructions describe a computation that,when executed, will proceed through a finite
number of well-defined successive states,

eventually producing "output" and terminating at a final ending state.

The transition from one state to the next is not necessarily deterministic some algorithms, known
as randomized algorithms, incorporate random input

Q-5 How interpreter Works? Illustrate with help of example.

Ans 5: Interpreter is a debugger in the program it checks for syntax and logical error.It cheaks
for errors line by line if there is any error in it than it will stop working and tell the user the line
and the position of bug or error.When the error will be removed it will check for the other

An interpreter translates some form of source code into a target representation that it can
immediately execute and evaluate. The structure of the interpreter is similar to that of a compiler,
but the amount of time it takes to produce the executable representation will vary as will the
amount of optimization.

Interpreter characteristics:

relatively little time is spent analyzing and processing the program

the resulting code is some sort of intermediate code

the resulting code is interpreted by another program

program execution is relatively slow

Q-6 What is role of server in client server computing? Explain advantages.

Ans.6 The Server is the central computer who provides the information to the client computer.If
the two computer of same configration are connected but one who provide the information or
data in any way is called the Server and other one who request for the the information called the
client.The clients can be many computer.The server gives instructions to the client it share the
documents , folders,printers or any other hardware to every computer.It can also provide the
permissions to the client computer that one can be granted full access or other can granted
minimal access.It also give permission that who can install programms and who can not install
programs.It can create users, remove from access. Client/server describes the relationship
between two computer programs in which one program, the client, makes a service request from
another program, the server, which fulfills the request. Although the client/server idea can be
used by programs within a single computer, it is a more important idea in a network. In a
network, the client/server model provides a convenient way to interconnect programs that are
distributed efficiently across different locations. Computer transactions using the client/server
model are very common.

Advantages of client server computing

Security- client/server allows the installation of anti-virus on a dedicated server, this means that
all stations that are connected to that server are protected against viruses.

Userfriendly- familiar point and click interface.

Centralized – Access, Resources and data security are controlled through the server.So the data is
centralized
Scalability - Any or all elements can be replaced individually as needs increase.Whenever the
there’s a need , the data can be upgraded.

Flexibility - New technology can be easily integrated into system.I is very flexible to work on

Interoperability - All components (client/network/server) work together still there is no load to

Accessibility - Server can be accessed remotely and across multiple platforms.

Speed - network will run far better as data and resources are handled by a dedicated machine.
Also currently the user of the machine experiences poor performance when everyone accesses
it's resources.

Backup - as all data is stored centrally it is easy to backup Support and management as the
server controls the majority of settings on the network etc the job of support is far easier as the
main element of support is provided to the server and not individual machines. Global changes
are easy to make from one location.