Essential Maths 8H

Homework Book

Elmwood Press

8H_Prelims.indd 1 8/11/2009 4:32:23 PM

 First published 2009 by
Elmwood Press
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Herts. Al8 6LP
Tel. 01707 333232

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ISBN 9781 906 622 121

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8H_Prelims.indd 2 8/11/2009 4:32:24 PM

 CONTENTS
Unit 1 Page
1.1 Properties of numbers 1
1.2 Fractions 4
1.3 Area and perimeter 7
1.4 Negative numbers 12
1.5 Sequences 14
1.6 Using a calculator 17

Unit 2
2.1 Written calculations 22
2.2 Estimating and checking answers 27
2.3 Geometrical reasoning 30
2.4 Using algebra 35
2.5 Applying mathematics in a range of contexts 1 38
2.6 Circles 40

Unit 3
3.1 Reflection 44
3.2 Describing data 46
3.4 Using formulas and expressions 51
3.5 Construction and locus 55

Unit 4
4.1 Bearings and scale drawing 59
4.3 Handling data 62
4.4 Fractions, decimals and percentages 66
4.5 Interpreting and sketching real life graphs 71
4.6 Rotation and combined transformations 73
4.7 Brackets and equations 77

Unit 5
5.1 Enlargement 85
5.2 Sequences and formulas 88
5.3 Applying mathematics in a range of contexts 2 93
5.4 Pythagoras’ theorem 94
5.5 Drawing and using graphs 96
5.6 Using ratios 100
5.7 Congruent shapes, tessellations 103

Unit 6
6.1 More algebra 105
6.2 Volume of objects 108
6.3 Percentages 2 113
6.4 Probability 117
6.5 Drawing three dimensional objects 121

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UNIT 1
1.1 Properties of numbers

HWK 1M Main Book Page 1

1 Write down all the prime numbers between 10 and 20.

2 Find all the factors of

(a) 25 (b) 40 (c) 64
3 ‘The sum of all the prime numbers less than 8 is 17’. True or false?

4 (a) List all the factors of 30.

(b) List all the factors of 48.
(c) Write down the highest common factor of 30 and 48.
5 Find the highest common factor of 32 and 80.

6 Which numbers below are prime?

39 43 31 49 51

7 Three factors of 20 add up to 16. Write down two different ways in which this can be done.

8 Answer true or false:

‘All square numbers have exactly 3 factors.’

HWK 1E Main Book Page 3

1 Add together all the prime numbers between 20 and 30.

2 Which numbers below are multiples of 7?

35 77 21 39 51 42

3 (a) Write down the first six multiples of 15.

(b) Write down the first six multiples of 20.
(c) Write down the lowest common multiple (LCM) of 15 and 20.

4 Find the LCM of

(a) 12 and 18 (b) 10 and 16 (c) 9 and 6

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5 Why can a prime number not have 0 as its last digit?

6 Copy and fill in the empty boxes for this sequence.

1 3 6 10 21 45

7 A baker’s van delivers to a village every 5 days. A butcher’s van delivers every 7 days. How
often will the baker and butcher deliver on the same day?
8 The number p is a multiple of 8 between 50 and 60. The number q is a multiple of 12 between
20 and 30. Work out p – q.
9 Answer true or false: ‘A square number always has an odd number of factors.’
Explain your answer.
10 Write the number 84 as the sum of four square numbers.

HWK 2M Main Book Page 5

1 Copy and complete this factor tree.

120

12 10

120 = × × × ×

2 Draw factor trees for the following numbers.

(a) 50 (b) 240 (c) 420 (d) 1820 (e) 1617

3 105 = 3 × 5 × 7 and 110 = 2 × 5 × 11

Find the highest common factor of 105 and 110.

4 210 = 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 and 525 = 3 × 5 × 5 × 7

Find the highest common factor of 210 and 525.

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5 (a) Draw a factor tree for 630.

(b) Draw a factor tree for 1560.
(c) Use your answers to find the highest common factor of 630 and 1560.

6 (a) Given 196 = 2 × 2 × 7 × 7, find √196

(b) Given 9801 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 11 × 11, find √ 9801
7 Write 1764 as the product of its prime factors and then find √1764.

HWK 2E Main Book Page 6

1 Work out
3 3
(a) 23 (b) 83 (c) 203 (d) √ 1 (e) √ 216

2 Which is larger? 45 or 54

3 Write down which calculations below give an answer greater than 200.
(a) 53 + 42 (b) 34 + 63 (c) 28 – 17 (d) 103 – 93

4 Work out, without a calculator.

2
(a) 122 (b) 1 () (c) 104 (d) 0.42 (e) 0.13
4
5 ‘5 to the power of 5 is 3125’. True or false?

6 Use the xy key (or y x ) on a calculator to work out

(a) 46 (b) 0.74 (c) 38 (d) 3.25 (e) 0.16

7 Find values of a and b such that

a2 + 44 = b3

8 Copy and complete the following:

(a) If m = 32 and n = 35, then mn = 3
(b) If x = 72 and y = 74, then xy = 7

9 Find values of p and q such that

p3 + 57 = q2

10 Maurice says that ‘43 × 43 = 46’ and Sarah says that ‘43 × 43 = 49’. Who is correct? Justify your
answer.

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1.2 Fractions

HWK 1M Main Book Page 8

1 Cancel down each fraction to its simplest terms:

(a) 9 (b) 16 (c) 36 (d) 50 (e) 40
39 40 60 125 500
2 Which fraction is not equivalent to the others?
12 20 8 32 25 24
15 25 10 40 30 30

3 Change these improper fractions to mixed numbers.

(a) 11 (b) 33 (c) 21 (d) 15 (e) 29
6 10 8 7 5
4 Change these mixed numbers to improper fractions.
(a) 583 (b) 2 79 (c) 6 16 (d) 425 (e) 5 107

5 Answer true or false:

(a) 18 = 3 (b) 7 = 24 (c) 5 = 20 (d) 24 = 6 (e) 30 = 4 (f) 3 = 21
24 4 8 32 9 36 28 7 42 7 10 70
6 Match up the improper fractions to the mixed numbers (beware: there is one odd one out).

33 3 58
8
3 56
17
5
4 38
29
8
4 18
23
6 2 38
19
8 3 25

HWK 1E Main Book Page 9

1 Copy and complete

(a) 3 – 1 (b) 1 + 2 (c) 11 – 1
4 8 3 15 20 4

= –1 =+ 2 = 11 – 
8 8 15 15 20 20

= = ==
8 15 20 10

Unit 1_8H.indd 4 8/7/2009 3:04:18 PM

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2 Work out

(a) 1 + 3 (b) 9 – 1 (c) 11 – 1 (d) 1 + 2 (e) 5 – 1 (f) 23 – 2

8 16 20 4 30 6 12 3 21 7 40 5
5 1
3 Ben carpets 8 of his new house. He uses wood flooring for 4 of the house. The remaining floor
area in his house is tiled. What fraction of the floor area is tiled?
4 Work out
(a) 3 – 1 (b) 1 + 2 (c) 2 + 3 (d) 5 – 1
5 3 4 3 5 8 7 8
1
(e) – 3 2
(f) + 3 (g) –7 2 (h) 9 – 5
2 7 9 10 8 3 10 7
2 3
5 Louise and Jake are sharing a pizza. Louise eats 5 of the pizza and Jake eats 7 of the pizza.
What fraction of the pizza is left?
6 A test has 4 parts. This chart shows what fraction
of the test each part is. Part A Part B Part C Part D

(a) What fraction of the test is part D? 1 1 1 ?

3 5 4
(b) Janice has completed parts A and B. What fraction
of the test has she still got to do?

HWK 2M Main Book Page 11

1 Which answer is the odd one out?

A 5 of 56 B 4 of 45 5 of 42
8 5 C 6

2 Martin has to travel 16 km back to his village. He runs 83 of the journey then walks 53 of the
remaining distance. How far is he now from his village?
3 Copy and fill in the empty boxes.
(a)  of 15 = 10 (b)  of 24 = 21 (c) 5 of 18 = 15
3 8 
4 Work out

(a) 1 × 4 (b) 2 × 6 (c) 3 × 5 (d) 5 × 1

8 5 3 7 10 6 7 10
(e) × 7
4 (f) 9 × 5 (g) 5 × 6 (h) 7 × 6
7 8 10 12 9 7 12 11
5 2 Which rectangle has the larger 3
m A area and by how much? B m
3 4
9 5
m m
10 6

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6 Answer true or false:

(a) 3 × 4 = 12 (b) 2 × 6 = 4 (c) 1 × 4 = 2 (d) 3 × 2 = 6
8 32 3 6 3 4 8

HWK 2E Main Book Page 12

1 Work out, leaving each answer as a mixed number.

(a) 11 + 11 (b) 3 1 + 21 (c) 4 3 – 31 (d) 21 – 5 (e) 11 + 25 (f) 41 – 2 7
4 3 2 3 4 3 3 8 3 6 2 8
2 Copy and complete the 1
+
addition square. 3
1 5
4 8
51
70
2 28
5 45
13 7
24 15
3 Work out
(a) 5 × 20 (b) 1 of 15 (c) 5 of 30 (d) 21 × 1 (e) 31 × 11 (f) 23 × 23
8 6 12 3 2 2 4 4 4
4 2 14 m
not drawn
to scale
Work out the total area of this shape.
2m 2 1
3 2m
1m
2

5 Ahmed is given some money by his grandfather. He puts 45% of the money in the bank
and spends 25 of the money on clothes. He now has £60 of this money left in his wallet.
How much money did his grandfather give him?

HWK 3M Main Book Page 15

1 (a) How many fifths are there in 4?

(b) How many thirds are there in 7?
(c) How many sixths are there in 8?

2 Work out
(a) 6 ÷ 1 (b) 9 ÷ 1 (c) 3 ÷ 1 (d) 4 ÷ 1 (e) 10 ÷ 1 (f) 8 ÷ 1
4 7 10 9 20 50

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3 Copy and complete each number chain.

1 1
÷ 3 ÷ 2
(a) 24
1 1 1
÷ 5 ÷ 6 ÷ 4
(b) 120
1 1 1
× 6 ÷ 5 × 10
(c) 4

4 Work out 3 ÷ 1 ÷ 1
5 3

HWK 3E Main Book Page 16

1 Work out
(a) 1 ÷ 1 (b) 1 ÷ 3 (c) 3 ÷ 1 (d) 2 ÷ 7
4 3 2 4 8 2 5 10
(e) 3 ÷ 7 (f) ÷ 2
1 (g) 4 ÷ 7 (h) 7 ÷ 3
5 8 9 3 7 8 12 4
2 A strip of wood is 89 m long. What is the total length of 12 strips of wood?
1
3 6 kg of flour is used to bake a cake. How much flour would be needed to bake 15 cakes?
4 Sam is watching his weight. He allows himself 403 of a box of cereal for his breakfast which
he measures out carefully. How many breakfasts will he get from six boxes of cereal?
5 Work out this mixture of questions.
(a) 4 ÷ 3 (b) 1 + 2 (c) 1 ÷ 5 (d) 3 × 2
9 5 3 7 4 6 8 5
5
(e) – 2 (f) 7 × 4 (g) 3 ÷ 2 (h) – 3
5
8 7 10 5 7 3 6 20

1.3 Area and Perimeter

HWK 1M Main Book Page 17

1 (a) Find the area of shape A.

6m A 6m B
(b) Find the area of shape B.
8m 4m (c) Find the total area of both shape A and shape B.

(d) Find the area of this shape. 8m

6m

12 m

Unit 1_8H.indd 7 8/7/2009 3:04:19 PM

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4 5 6
2 Calculate the shaded area.
(all lengths are in cm)
8

3 Work out the perimeter of a regular pentagon of side 7 cm.

4 12 cm Which shape has the

larger area and by how
12 cm
20 cm A much? 11 cm
B
5 cm 5 cm
16 cm
5 These two shapes have the same area.
Find the length of the side marked x. 4m
5m

x
40m
6 Work out the area of a square of perimeter 36 cm.

7 1m Find the area of this shaded path.

1m 8m 1m
10m
1m

8 Draw any shape with an area of 5 cm2 and perimeter 12 cm.

HWK 1E Main Book Page 19

Remember: area of parallelogram = base × height

a
height h
area of trapezium = 1 h (a + b)
2
b

1 Calculate the area of each shape. The lengths are in cm.

(a) 5 (b) 14 (c) 10

10 12 17
8 6

Unit 1_8H.indd 8 8/7/2009 3:04:19 PM

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(d) (e) (f) 7

9
11 20 5
16
13
23

2 Calculate the value of x in each parallelogram below.

(a) (b)
area = 135 m2
x 15 m
area = 84 m2

12 m x

3 Which shape has the larger

area and by how much?
12 cm 10cm
16 cm 9 cm

14.5 cm
shape B
shape A

4 How many square millimetres are there in one square centimetre? (Draw one square
centimetre and divide it into square millimetres to check your answer)
5 How many square centimetres are there in three square metres?

HWK 2M Main Book Page 20

1 Find the area of this shape.

3m
12m
6m
10m

8m

7m

2 Square A has a perimeter of 24 cm.

Rectangle B has the same area as rectangle B x
square A square A. Calculate the value of
9 cm
x shown on the diagram.

Unit 1_8H.indd 9 8/7/2009 3:04:21 PM

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3 This shape, which is made using squares, has an area

of 160 cm2.
Find the perimeter of this shape.

4 The length of this rectangle is 3 cm greater than its width.

area = 54 cm2 Find the perimeter of this rectangle.

5 A triangular field has a base of 12 km and a height of 300 m. Calculate the area of the
field in hectares. (1 hectare = 10 000 m2)
6 Square A has perimeter 20 cm. Square B has perimeter 28 cm. Rectangle C has
length 14 cm and width 5 cm. The area of square P is equal to the sum of the areas
of square A, square B and rectangle C. Find the perimeter of square P.
7 Ashley has to paint one side of his house. 4m
Each pot of paint covers 20 m2.
How many pots of paint will Ashley
need to buy to do the job?
8m

5m

10m

8 Draw any shape with an area of 24 cm2 and perimeter 24 cm.

HWK 2E Main Book Page 21

1 Alice wishes to carpet this room. 9m

(a) What is the area of the room?

13 m
2m
5m

4m

(b) ‘Texas Twist’ carpet costs £15.85 per square metre. ‘Winchester Croft’ carpet costs
£17.25 per square metre. Alice decides to either carpet the whole room with ‘Texas
Twist’ or to use ‘Winchester Croft’ for the L-shaped part only (so she does not carpet
the triangular part of the room). Which is the cheaper option and by how much?

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2 Calculate the area of each shaded shape. Give your answers in square units.

(a) (b) (c)

3 Jed is putting tiles onto a rectangular wall which measures 3 m by 5 m. Each tile is a
square with side 10 cm. A box of 25 tiles costs £9.85.
(a) How many tiles does Jed need?
(b) How much will Jed have to pay for the tiles?
(c) Jed ends up breaking 5% of the tiles. How much extra must he spend on the tiles
to finish the job?

4 15 cm The area of this trapezium is 132 cm2.

Find the value of h.

7 cm

5 The diagram shows two squares

inside a rectangle. Calculate
7 cm 7 cm the total area of the two grey
squares.

2 cm 2 cm

Unit 1_8H.indd 11 8/7/2009 3:04:23 PM

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1.4 Negative numbers

HWK 1M/1E Main Book Page 25

1 Work out
(a) 8 – (+3) (b) 6 + (–5) (c) 1 + (–3) (d) 5 – (–4)
(e) 4 – (–1) (f) 7 + (–6) (g) –3 – (–2) (h) –2 + (–4)

2 What is the difference between –19 and 17?

3 Write down the next three numbers in this sequence.

12, 5, –2, , ,
4 What is the sum of –6, 9, –8 and –15?

5 Copy and complete this number chain.

– = + =
7 –2 –4

6 Work out
(a) 13 – (+18) (b) 27 + (–16) (c) –14 – (–30) (d) 43 – (+60)
(e) –32 + 24 (f) –29 + (–12) (g) 53 – (–19) (h) –16 – (+35)

7 Copy and fill in the missing numbers.

(a) –2 – =1 (b) 5 – =6 (c) –3 + = –7
8 Which calculation below gives the odd answer out?
A –4 + (–1) B –3 – (–1) C 3 + (–5)

9 Helen has four cards as shown below.

–18 –14 23 –2

She needs to choose one more card which will make the total of all 5 cards equal to –15.
Draw the card she needs.

10 Copy and complete these magic squares. (you must get the same number when you add
across each row, add down each column and add diagonally.)
(a) –2 –3 (b) –3 –5
–1 1 7
1 –7
–8 3 –2 5

Unit 1_8H.indd 12 8/7/2009 3:04:24 PM

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HWK 2M Main Book Page 29

1 Work out
(a) 4 × (–3) (b) –2 × (–6) (c) 8 ÷ (–2) (d) –8 × (–3)
(e) –20 ÷ (–5) (f) –28 ÷ (–7) (g) –7 × 2 (h) –5 × (–2)
(i) 2 × (–9) (j) 40 ÷ (–5) (k) –32 ÷ 8 (l) –45 ÷ (–9)
(m) 6 × (–6) (n) 56 ÷ (–8) (o) –4 × (–1) (p) –16 ÷ 8

2 The temperature in Glasgow is –4°C. The temperature in Toronto is six times as cold.
What is the temperature in Toronto?
3 Which question below gives the highest answer and by how much?

–4 × (–4) 5 × (–4)

4 –32 is divided by each number below. Write down which of these numbers will give an
answer greater than zero.

4 –8 –2 16 32

5 Answer true or false.

(a) –3 × (–3) = –9 (b) (–3)2 = 9 (c) –5 × (–4) = 20
(d) 2 × (–3) × (–4) = 24 (e) (–5)2 = 10 (f) –1 × (–1) × (–1) = –1

6 Copy and complete this number chain.

÷ (–2) ÷ (–5) ÷3
–60

7 Work out
(a) (–6)2 ÷ (–3) (b) 0 × (–4) (c) (–2)2 × (–3)2
(d) (–8) × 4 × (–5) (e) (–4)3 × 2 (f) (–2)3 ÷ (–4)

HWK 2E Main Book Page 30

1 Work out
(a) –9 + 7 (b) –3 – (–2) (c) –10 – (+4) (d) 5 × (–9)
(e) –16 ÷ 8 (f) –28 ÷ (–4) (g) 13 – 40 (h) 7 × (–3)
(i) (–9)2 (j) –8 + (–2) (k) –36 ÷ (–12) (l) 23 – (–9)

Unit 1_8H.indd 13 8/7/2009 3:04:24 PM

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2 Copy and complete this number chain.

× (–3) ×2 × (–5)2
3

3 Copy and complete these calculations.

(a) –6 × = –30 (b) 9 × = –36 (c) –10 × = 70
(d) × (–2) = –14 (e) –8 × = 32 (f) × (–8) = 48
4 Find the values of x and y if
x+y=2 and xy = –8

5 Find the values of p and q if

p + q = –2 and pq = –15

6 Copy and complete this multiplication table. × –5

–9 6
4 –8
35

7 (a) Find two numbers whose sum is –3 and whose product is –18.
(‘product’ means multiplied together)
(b) Find two numbers whose sum is –5 and whose product is 6.
(c) Find two numbers whose sum is –9 and whose product is 20.

1.5 Sequences

HWK 1M Main Book Page 33

1 (a) A Draw the next row which will fit onto the bottom
B B B of this triangle.
C C C C C
D D D D D D D

(b) How many circles are used in total for the triangle in part (a) if seven rows are drawn?
2 Write down each sequence and find the missing numbers
(a) 3 12 48

(b) –4 –1 5 8

(c) 11 6 1

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3 Find the next term in each sequence.

(a) 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, … (b) 26, 24, 21, 17, … (c) 5, 10, 15 , 20, …
8 16 24 32
(d) –9, –16, –23, –30, … (e) 2n, 5n, 8n, 11n, …. (f) , 0.55, 3, 0.65, ….
1
2 5
4 Luke says the next number in the sequence 1 2 4 is 8 . Ali says that he is wrong
and the next number is 7 . Tom says that they are both correct. Explain why.
5 Find the next two terms in each sequence.
(a) 121, 144, 169, 196, ... (b) 360, 180, 60, 15, ... (c) 1, 8, 27, 64, …

HWK 1E Main Book Page 34

1 The first term of a sequence is 4. Write down the first four terms of the sequence if the rule is:
(a) multiply by 3 and add 1 (b) double and add 4
2 Find the rule for each sequence. Each rule has two operations (similar to the rules in
question 1 above).
(a) 3 9 21 45
(b) 1 3 11 43
(c) 1 6 31 156

3 Find the missing numbers in these linear sequences.

(a) 6 14 18

(b) 23 16 2

(c) 49 17

4 A linear sequence has a 3rd term of 15 and a 4th term of 19. What is the 2nd term?
5 A linear sequence has a 1st term of 7 and a 3rd term of 19. What is the 4th term?
6 The rule for this sequence is ‘multiply by 2 and add 2’. Find the missing numbers.

10 22

7 Write down the rule for this sequence.

2 5 14 41

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8 Write down the first five terms of these sequences.

(a) the second term is 9 and the rule is ‘subtract 11’
(b) the fourth term is 35 and the rule is ‘add 6’
(c) the first two terms are 0, 3 and the rule is ‘add the two previous terms’
(d) the third term is 48 and the rule is ‘divide by 4’
(e) the fourth term is –11 and the rule is ‘add 9’

HWK 2M/2E Main Book Page 37

1 Here is a sequence 5 7 10 14. Write the numbers in a terms differences

table as shown. 5
2
Predict the numbers shown with ? marks to find the 7
3
next two terms in the sequence 5, 7, 10, 14. 10
4
14
?
?
?
?

2 Predict the next two terms in each sequence.

(a) 3, 8, 15, 24, … (b) 53, 41, 31, 23, … (c) 80, 71, 63, 56, … (d) 24, 39, 57, 78, …
3 Here is a sequence of matchstick squares.

n=1 n=2 n=3

Shape number, n Number of matches Difference

1 4
16
2 20
32
3 52
48
4 100
5 ?

Use the differences to predict the number of matches in shape number 5.

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4 This sequence is more difficult. The first differences make no obvious

pattern. Work out the second differences and
find the missing numbers.
Number difference second difference
Number difference
3
3 1
1 4 3
4 4
4 8 5
8 9
9 17 7
17 16
16 33 ?
33
?
?
5 Use first, second and third differences to predict the next number in each of the sequences below.
(a) 5 (b) 7 (c) 1
7 12 9
11 20 21
20 35 46
37 61 93
? ? ?

6 Write down the first number in the sequence below which will exceed 1000.
4, 12, 25, 50, 94, 164, …

1.6 Using a calculator

HWK 1M Main Book Page 43

1 Answer true or false.

(a) (3 + 4)2 = 49 (b) 82 – 4 = 12 (c) 8 + 3 × 2 = 22
(d) 52 – 32 = 16 (e) 19 + 3 × 4 = 31 (f) 4 × (6 + 3) = 27
(g) (42 + 22) ÷ 5 = 4 (h) 25 – 8 × 2 = 3 (i) 5 + 62 ÷ 9 = 9
3
In questions 2 to 10 find the missing signs (+, –, ×, ÷). There are no brackets.

2 8 2 3 = 19 3 5 3 1=2 4 4 18 3 = 10

5 20 2 15 = 25 6 9 16 4 = 21 7 5 9 2 = 23

8 16 14 2 1 = 10 9 10 2 3 4 = 17 10 9 4 2 3 = 14

Unit 1_8H.indd 17 8/7/2009 3:04:25 PM

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The next six questions have brackets.

11 4 5 2 = 12 12 8 3 4 = 44 13 8 2 4 3 = 42
14 9 4 1 7 = 10 15 15 25 7 3 = 4 16 8 5 6 20 = 18
17 Copy each question below and write brackets so that each calculation gives the correct answer.
(a) 13 + 17 ÷ 5 = 6 (b) 5 + 20 ÷ 3 + 2 = 5 (c) 10 – 6 ÷ 1 + 3 = 1

HWK 1E Main Book Page 44

Use a calculator and give answers correct to two decimal places. Remember BIDMAS.
1 5.942 – 1.6 2 61 + 3.9 3 5.3 + 2.9 × 1.7
4.7
4 6.18 – 7 ÷ 13 5 13 ÷ 11 + 4.19 6 6.2 + 4.3
2.19
2
7 8.24 + 15 ÷ 9.6 8 3.16 ÷ 27 9 3.51 – 2.17 × 0.83

10 5.6 – 16.4 11 5.122 ÷ 39 12 12.4 – 5.17

13 2.3
13 5.83 + 6.3 × 2.19 14 8.3 + 16.14 15 1.739 + 4.72
5.5
16 2.62 + 1.35 17 16.14 – 0.382 18 (1.78 – 0.114)2
4.7 0.383
19 6.3 × (2.18 – 1.09) 20 1.17 21 1.162
(0.68 + 0.23)2 4.82
22 Jade sells security devices. She makes 8 selling trips to the north–west of England during
one month. Each trip costs her £49.50. During the month she sells seven burglar alarms and
12 security spotlights. She makes £179 profit for each burglar alarm sold and £23 for each
spotlight. How much money will she make in total during this month?
23 Jimmy squares the number 4.7 then adds on 28. Abbie subtracts 3.6 from 10 then cubes the
answer. Calculate the product of the two final answers.
24 Calculate the following, giving your answer to two decimal places.
(7.82 + 1.9)2 – 6.32
(8.91 – 3.6)2 + 6.4 × 3.4

HWK 2M Main Book Page 45

Work out and give the answer correct to 2 decimal places.

1 7.49 × (8.16 – 3.64) 2 (1.93 + 4.78) ÷ 2.38 3 (7.49 × 8.16) – 3.64
4 ( )
1.87 + 3.29
1.6
5 5.65 ÷ (8.2 – 4.16) 6 7.92
(1.82 + 3.03)
7 (9.23 – 2.14) 8 0.182 × 2.3 9 8.36 + 3.72
6.49
10 (3.62 + 2.59)2 11 (7.12 + 4.93 – 1.86)2 × 1.6 12 (1.93 )
5.6 + 4.18

Unit 1_8H.indd 18 8/7/2009 3:04:25 PM

 19

13 (11.6 – 3.14) 14 0.932 + 0.262 15 (5.1 × 2.48) + (3.6 × 2.9)

(2.12 + 5.9)
16 7.94 17 (8.29 – 2.11)2 18 1.932
2.162 (5.06 – 2.1)
19 (7.622 × 4.9) – 1.62 20 (8.62 + 3.59)
(21.4 – 6.28)

HWK 3M Main Book Page 46

Work out, using a calculator ( a bc button)

1 5–1 2 3×7 3 1+ 3 4 6–3

7 5 4 8 6 11 7 5
5 4+ 3 6 7 +7 7 3 14 – 2 8 212 + 153
9 10 10 8 3
9 3 13 – 112 10 2 43 × 165 11 4 25 ÷ 114 12 6 12 ÷ 2 16

13 Alana watches two films, one after the other. The first film lasts 123 hours and the second film
1
lasts 2 10 hours. What is the total running time of both films?

14 A piece of timber is 3 14 m long. Terry uses two-thirds of the piece of timber.

What length of timber does Terry use?

15 1 35 cm Which shape has the larger area and

by how much? B 1 78 cm
A
2 12 cm
1 13 cm

16 Work out
(a) 7 + 2 × 5 (b) 9 – 110
1
÷ 4 12 (c) 314 × 113 – 2 53
10 3 6 11
17 Copy and complete.

(a) 313 + = 514 (b) ÷ 4 = 313 (c) × 2 23 = 9 11

21
5

HWK 3E Main Book Page 46

Work out, using a calculator ( a bc button)

1
3 4 5( )
2× 3–1 2 (
9 ÷ 3– 3
10 5 20 ) 3 (49 + 25) × 43
4
7 ( )
5 × 21 – 7
4 8 5 ( ) 2
312 + 5
6
6 4 14 ÷ 112 + 5
9

Unit 1_8H.indd 19 8/7/2009 3:04:25 PM

 20

(212 + 325)
7 2×4+3×2
7 5 8 3
8 ( )
5–1
8 3
2
9
(115 – 65)

10 Copy and complete this multiplication table. 1

× 5 214
1
2
113
7 14 35
9 27 54
4 2
25 5
1
3

11 Copy and complete.

5 4(
(a) 4 × 3 – )
= 1
15 (
(b) 231 + ) × (3 – 2 ) = 1
1
2
7
8
53
72

( )
1 2 3
(c) 3 4 – 24 × 7
= 6 16 (d) (1 2
3 ÷3+
5 ) × (12) = 180
73 3

HWK 4M Main Book Page 47

Work out the following. Give each answer correct to one decimal place where appropriate.

1 –9 ÷ (–2) 2 –18 – 14 3 –6.2 × (–3.1) 4 4.8 – (–3.72)

5 –46 ÷ 4.13 6 (–8.12)2 7 (–7) × 2 8 9 – 4.62

–5
9 8 – (–0.17)
2.3
10 (–3.6
1.92 )
– (–2.8) 11 (–7.2 – 3.93)2 12 49 – (–4.6)2

13 Copy and complete:

(a) –3.7 + = 12.1 (b) 5.17 + = –11.03

(c) –12.48 = –2.6 (d) 4.3 × = –29.24

14 Which calculation gives the larger answer and by how much?

A (–4.9)2 + 4.52 B (–5.2 + 10.31)2 – 2.06

15 Which calculation gives the larger answer and by how much?

4.16 + (–1.9)2
A √(4.1 – (–8.15)) B
2

Unit 1_8H.indd 20 8/7/2009 3:04:26 PM

 21

HWK 5M/5E Main Book Page 48

Work out correct to 1 decimal place.

1 1.83 + (7.2 × 3.4) – (1.9 × 2.6) 2 (5.7 × 3.2) + 4.52 + 2.83

3 19.6 – (0.3 + 1.6 × 1.82) 4 22.4 – 1.93

5 (7.3 × 4.9) + 3.43 – (1.8 × 2.6) 6 5.83 + 5.82 + 5.8

7 Find the total cost of the items

shown opposite, correct to the 2 packets of cream crackers at 67p per packet
nearest penny. 1 jar of pickle at £1.64
150 g of cheese at £4.90/kg
4 tins of baked beans at 59 p each

8 Ron’s items (a) Who has the most e×pensive Amy’s items
bill, Ron or Amy?
2 tins of paint at 2 paintbrushes at
£11.99 each (b) What is the difference in the £4.25 each
4 paintbrushes at two bills? 200 g of nails at £8/kg
£3.45 each 14m of wallpaper at
300 g of nails at £7/kg £4.55/metre
12 m of wallpaper at 3 batons of wood at
£4.70/metre £6.80 per baton

9 Give answers correct to 1 decimal place.

(a) 4.9 + 6.3

8 17
(b)
√ 4.1780.6+ 3.8 (c) 385
7.63 + 123

( )
(d) 2.94 – 2.8
3.4
2
(e) (–4.62) × 1.8
(–2.53) ( )
(f) 3 of 4.9
5
2 2

3.72
(i) 7.3 + √15.4
2
(g) 5.4% of 6% of 1270 (h) 4.65 – 7.34
5.82 – √ 98
( ) √√15 – 1.82
2
(j) (7% of 48.6)4 (k) 8 of 5 – 2 (l)
9 6 5 2.733 – √12

Unit 1_8H.indd 21 8/7/2009 3:04:26 PM

 22

UNIT 2
2.1 Written calculations

HWK 1M Main Book Page 61

Work out, without a calculator

1 3200 – 1593 2 7.18 × 8 3 314 × 9 4 0.8 × 10000

5 87 × 30 6 22.4 ÷ 8 7 62 ÷ 1000 8 39 × 400
9 3684 + 2153 10 0.0654 ÷ 3 11 0.82 – 0.157 12 840 ÷ 12
13 12.74 ÷ 7 14 56 × 43 15 30 × 25 16 7.4 × 1000
17 928 ÷ 32 18 0.183 + 6 + 0.24 19 688 ÷ 43 20 42 × 300
21 429 × 67 22 7 – 3.014 23 144000 ÷ 60 24 429 × 73

HWK 1E Main Book Page 62

1 packet of crisps 48p Sally buys 3 packets of crisps, 2 bottles of water and 2 currant
bottle of water £1.06 buns. How much change will she get from £10?
currant bun 39p

2 How many currant buns in question 1 could you buy with £5?
3 Which is larger and by how much?

6.2 ÷ 100 or 0.8 − 0.739

4 Colin weighs 63.64 kg and Marie weighs 51.87 kg. How much heavier is Colin?

5 Work out, without a calculator

(a) 9.3 × 4000 (b) 4.92 × 0.25 (c) 0.169 × 1000 (d) 36 + 16.2
(e) 0.82 – 0.073 (f) 0.312 ÷ 6 (g) 8.19 × 0.5 (h) 6.4 × 3000
(i) 0.019 + 3.685 (j) 6 – 0.018 (k) 0.86 × 7 (l) 0.513 ÷ 9
6 Charlie is sponsored £3.20 per kilometre for a charity run. How much money is he given if he
runs 13.8 km?
7 Copy and complete.
(a) 3.9 + = 6.34 (b) 0.28 ÷ = 0.0028 (c) 9 – = 4.44
(d) – 0.19 = 0.34 (e) × 0.5 = 1.69 (f) + 2.91 = 10.15

Unit 2_8H.indd 22 8/7/2009 3:05:04 PM

 23

HWK 2M Main Book Page 63

For each of the scales work out the measurement shown by each arrow.
1 a b 2 a b 3 a b
7 8 13 14 60 80
m m
kg

4 a b 5 a b 6 a b
0.4 0.5 20 70 3 8
cm m
g

7 kg 8 litres 9 metres
6 5 10

b b b

a
a
a
2 1 6

10 Copy the line and locate the numbers.

4.02 3.96 3.92 4.08 4.06

3.9 4.1

11 Copy the line and locate the numbers.

2.35 2.365 2.38 2.31 2.325

2.3 2.4

12 Write down the measurement shown by each arrow below.

a b c d
4.0 4.1

HWK 2E Main Book Page 64

1 Answer true or false.

(a) 0.08 > 0.6 (b) 0.74 > 0.069 (c) 0.063 > 0.261
(d) 0.19 < 0.51 (e) 0.006 > 0.0004 (f) 0.05 < 0.049
2 What has to be added or subtracted to change:
(a) 0.628 to 0.638 (b) 2.16 to 2.08 (c) 7.13 to 7.43?

Unit 2_8H.indd 23 8/7/2009 3:05:05 PM

 24

3 Six sprinters in a race record the times shown opposite. John 11.78 secs
(a) Who won the race? Kyle 11.69 secs
(b) Who had the slowest time? Mike 11.8 secs
Wesley 11.05 secs
(c) Who finished in third place?
Shane 11.1 secs
(d) How much faster was Kyle than Mike?
Alan 11.96 secs
4 Arrange in order of size, smallest first.
(a) 0.52, 0.518, 0.5 (b) 0.821, 0.833, 0.83
(c) 0.06, 0.1, 0.102, 0.094 (d) 0.35, 0.324, 0.346, 0.32
5 Write down the next number in this sequence.
3.03, 3.02, 3.01, 3, ?
6 Arrange in order of size, smallest first.
(a) 42 cm, 630 mm, 0.00048 km, 0.003 km, 3.4 m
(b) 0.009 km, 8.6 m, 890 cm, 0.0087 km, 8500 mm

HWK 3M/3E Main Book Page 65

1 Work out
(a) 5 × 0.01 (b) 32 × 0.1 (c) 0.2 × 0.3 (d) 0.7 × 0.4
(e) 0.3 × 0.06 (f) 5 × 0.6 (g) 7 × 0.001 (h) 0.6 × 0.07
(i) 0.4 × 0.001 (j) 0.02 × 0.04 (k) 0.03 × 11 (l) 0.7 × 0.008
2 Answer true or false.
(a) 0.32 = 0.9 (b) 0.1 × 0.2 = 0.2 (c) 0.52 = 0.25

3 A four metre width of carpet costs £8.35 per metre. Calculate the cost of 6.4 m of carpet.

4 Which shape has the larger

area and by how much? 0.9 m
0.9 m B
A

1.6 m 0.9 m

Unit 2_8H.indd 24 8/7/2009 3:05:07 PM

 25

5 Copy and complete the multiplication square. 0.3 0.05 7 1.2 0.9

0.6

0.05

1.1

0.8

6 £1 can be changed for $1.46.

(a) How many dollars do you get for £300?
(b) How many dollars do you get for £550?
7 Copy and complete
2
(a) 0.4 × = 0.024 (b) = 0.0025 (c) × 0.08 = 0.096

HWK 4M Main Book Page 67

Work out an approximate answer to each question below first and then find the accurate answer without
using a calculator. Look at your approximate answer to check if your accurate answer seems
reasonable.
1 5.3 × 4.9 2 9.7 × 22 3 2.9 × 18 4 68 × 0.31
5 19.4 × 3.2 6 48.6 × 4.9 7 0.419 × 53 8 0.54 × 0.29
9 8.7 × 37.3 10 0.86 × 62.3 11 71.6 × 0.95 12 0.342 × 47
13 59.9 × 0.012 14 0.068 × 3.06 15 83 × 0.0593 16 6.18 × 0.089

HWK5M/5E Main Book Page 67

1 Work out
(a) 8 ÷ 0.1 (b) 43 ÷ 0.1 (c) 0.6 ÷ 0.1 (d) 7 ÷ 0.01
(e) 0.2 ÷ 0.01 (f) 22 ÷ 0.01 (g) 58 ÷ 0.1 (h) 0.9 ÷ 0.01
2 How many 0.1 kg amounts of sugar can be obtained from 2.4 kg of sugar?
3 Answer true or false.
(a) 0.4 ÷ 0.01 = 4 (b) 31 ÷ 0.1 = 310 (c) 45 ÷ 0.01 = 450
(d) 0.8 ÷ 0.01 = 800 (e) 1 ÷ 0.01 = 100 (f) 0.9 ÷ 0.1 = 9
4 Work out, without a calculator
(a) 6.39 ÷ 0.3 (b) 0.72 ÷ 0.4 (c) 0.49 ÷ 0.2 (d) 1.158 ÷ 0.6

Unit 2_8H.indd 25 8/7/2009 3:05:07 PM

 26

(e) 3.78 ÷ 0.3 (f) 0.1174 ÷ 0.02 (g) 0.01352 ÷ 0.08 (h) 9.52 ÷ 0.7
(i) 0.0126 ÷ 0.09 (j) 0.6656 ÷ 0.8 (k) 0.01528 ÷ 0.002 (l) 0.0655 ÷ 0.005
5 A domino is 4.8 cm long. Hundreds of dominoes are laid in a line 1680 cm
long. Exactly how many dominoes are used?

6 Find the missing numbers

(a) 14 ÷ = 1400 (b) 5 ÷ = 50 (c) 0.4 ÷ = 40
(d) ÷ 0.1 = 600 (e) 3.6 ÷ = 36 (f) 8.7 ÷ = 870
7 On average a chocolate raisin weighs 0.9 g.
How many chocolate raisins will there be in a packet which weighs 76.5 g?
8 Caroline works at a garage and is paid £8.20 per hour. Scott also works at the garage and is
paid £7.50 per hour.
During one week, Caroline earns £164 and Scott earns £240. Work out the total number of
hours Caroline and Scott worked for during that week.

HWK 6E Main Book Page 69

Hidden words
(a) Start in the top left box.
(b) Work out the answer to the calculation in the box. Do not use a calculator.
(c) Find the answer in the top corner of another box.
(d) Write down the letter in that box.
(e) Repeat steps (b), (c) and (d) until you arrive back at the top left box.
What is the message?

1.8 172.8 0.714 1300 0.057 2.16

O E E N T
0.7 × 0.9 4.32 ÷ 0.08 0.83 46 × 0.6 0.08 ÷ 0.001 0.082

3.6 80 16.86 2080 54 56

E O U E F T
3
6 × 0.01 0.9 – 0.82
3
0.28 × 200 2
0.4 – 0.103 0.73 – 2 4.8 × 36
5
27.6 0.63 0.33 0.0064 0.089 0.512
O G H M W R
19 – 2.14 0.144 ÷ 0.04 1.7 × 0.42 13 ÷ 0.01 0.468 ÷ 0.26 5.2 × 400

Unit 2_8H.indd 26 8/7/2009 3:05:08 PM

 27

2.2 Estimating and checking answers

HWK 1M Main Book Page 70

1 Work out 8 × 700

2 Work out a rough estimate for 7.93 × 706
3 Work out 50 × 9
4 Work out a rough estimate for 51 × 8.98
5 Answer true or false (the sign ≈ means ‘is roughly equal to’).
(a) 41.2 × 5.9 (b) 2137 ÷ 98 (c) 62 × 3989
≈ 40 × 6 ≈ 2000 ÷ 100 ≈ 60 × 4000
≈ 240 ≈ 20 ≈ 24000
6 Do not use a calculator. Decide, by estimating, which of the three answers is closest to the
exact answer.

Calculation A B C
(a) 7.3 × 31 2100 210 100
(b) 14.9 × 9.98 150 25 1500
(c) 24.8 × 40.2 100 1000 200
(d) 19.6 × 4.94 500 100 10
(e) 6.01 × 29.8 180 18 360
(f) 59.7 × 71.1 420 840 4200
(g) 403 ÷ 79.12 32000 50 5
(h) 899 ÷ 1.98 450 1800 45
(i) 51 ÷ 0.99 50 5 200
(j) 607 ÷ 21.8 3 120 30
(k) 79.3 + 81 + 139 300 200 400
(l) 9.6 × 90.4 450 900 90
(m) 231 + 19.6 + 41.3 200 390 290
(n) 19.7 × 31.06 60 300 600
(o) 1 of (19.86 × 30.04) 300 150 15
4
(p) 4.92% of (7103 – 89) 350 140 700
(q) 11 of 10% of 4032 200 400 50
21
(r) 3 of 19% of 14.32 15 45 30
4

Unit 2_8H.indd 27 8/7/2009 3:05:08 PM

 28

HWK 1E Main Book Page 72

Do not use a calculator for these questions.

1 Gareth needs to buy 19 packets of cereal at £2.49 for each packet. Estimate the total cost.
2 A book weighs 292 g. Estimate how much 31 books would weigh?
3 A book costs £9.95. Estimate the cost of 152 books.
4 Write down each calculation below and match the correct answer from the list given.
(a) 20.6 ÷ 5 (b) 49 × 20.2 (c) 8.1 × 32
(d) 42 × 6.8 (e) 2.8 + 13.9 (f) 3012 ÷ 4.8

Answers: 259.2 16.7 898.8 627.5 4.12 285.6

5 Larry works for exactly 40 years. He works for 5 days each week and 8 hours each day. On
average he earns 25p for every minute he works. At the end of the 40 years he has saved 10%
of the total money he has earned. Estimate how much money he has saved.
6 Caitlin covers 0.79m every time she takes a stride. Estimate the distance she travels if she
takes 994 strides.
7 Ryan sells cups of tea for 82p each from his stall. One weekend he sells 396 cups of tea. It
costs him £130 to make the tea and sort out the cups. Estimate the profit he makes on selling
cups of tea during this weekend.
8 box of paper £4.95 Louisa buys 3 boxes of paper, 2 ink cartridges and one pack
of photo paper. Roughly how much change would Louisa get
ink cartridge £13.10 from £50?
pack of photo paper £7.99

9 Give an estimate for each of the following calculations

2
(a) 2109 – 302 (b) 3 of 1362 kg (c) 19.6 – 197
87.4 7 0.49
(d) 4.81 × 19.7 (e) 63% of £17983 (f) 9.83 × 50.03
13.8 + 11.4 0.18

HWK 2M Main Book Page 74

1 If 56.58 ÷ 12.3 = 4.6, would you expect 4.6 × 12.3 to equal 56.58?
Explain why you chose your answer.
2 Work out the following without using a calculator and check each answer using inverse
operations.
(a) 93 – 7.68 = check + 7.68
(b) 2.94 × 0.7 = check ÷ 0.7

Unit 2_8H.indd 28 8/7/2009 3:05:08 PM

 29

(c) 2.536 ÷ 0.8 = check × 0.8

(d) 1.4 × 5.6 = check ÷ 5.6
(e) 0.8 – 0.034 = check + 0.034
3 Tom’s heart beats around 100000 times each day. Do you think this is likely or unlikely?
Explain why you chose your answer.
4 Copy and complete with either > or < in the boxes.
(a) 362 × 0.93 362 (b) 41.8 × 1.04 41.8 (c) 38 ÷ 1.3 38
(d) 0.65 × 0.8 0.65 (e) 102 ÷ 0.95 102 (f) 1.7 ÷ 1.4 1.7

5 171.08 ÷ 47 = 3.64

Use the calculation above to work out:

(a) 1710.8 ÷ 47 (b) 0.17108 ÷ 47 (c) 3.64 × 47
(d) 36.4 × 47 (e) 171.08 ÷ 4.7 (f) 364 × 4.7

6 180.04 ÷ 28 = 6.43

Use the calculation above to work out:

(a) 180.04 ÷ 2.8 (b) 180.04 ÷ 0.28 (c) 6.43 × 2.8
(d) 64.3 × 28 (e) 0.643 × 2.8 (f) 1.8004 ÷ 0.28

HWK 2E Main Book Page 76

1 Round off these numbers to one decimal place.

(a) 8.69 (b) 6.46 (c) 7.132 (d) 4.073
(e) 5.243 (f) 10.817 (g) 0.094 (h) 3.044
2 Which of the numbers below round off to 6.78 correct to two decimal places?

6.714 6.769 6.773 6.782 6.774 6.786

3 Work out these answers on a calculator and then round off the answers correct to two decimal
places.
2
(a) 6.99 (b) 3.8 (c) 8.21 (d) 5.14 × 3.6
2.01 4.3 √ 53 0.93
2
(e) 5.2 + 8.714 (f) 5.25 (g) 5.06 (h) 3.134
1.9 (1.18 + 3.27) 4.27 2.62

Unit 2_8H.indd 29 8/7/2009 3:05:08 PM

 30

4 Which number below is the smallest which will round off to 8.14 correct to two decimal places?

8.141 8.1354
8.135 8.13
57
38 8.1
8.1 32

5 How many numbers below round off to 4.8 correct to one decimal place?

4.861 4.841 4.793 4.852 4.768 4.739

6 Give these answers to two decimal places.

(b) √46 + 3.89

2
(a) 5.16 + 9.3 (c) 7.632 + 5.172 (d) 5.68 – 17.4
3.7 9 8.2 1.3 √32.9
7 What is the smallest number which rounds off to 9.3 correct to one decimal place?
8 What is the smallest number which rounds off to 2.38 correct to two decimal places?

2.3 Geometrical reasoning

HWK 1M Main Book Page 79

Find the angles marked with letters.

1 a 126˚ 2 3 e 4
b f
86˚ 128˚
79˚ 137˚
117˚
f 78˚
85˚ c d 84˚

110˚

5 6 7 8
88˚ 58˚ 101˚ 66˚
80˚
j j q
l
43˚
92˚ p
44˚ k

9 X Y Find the values of

B (a) AB̂C (b) BĈD (c) AD̂C (d) CD̂Z

84˚

65˚ C
A D Z

Unit 2_8H.indd 30 8/7/2009 3:05:08 PM

 31

Find the angles marked with letters. Draw each diagram and show your working.
10 11 12 13
a 78˚ 40˚ x
105˚ 126˚
u
5c
b c v
68˚
71˚
w

14 P Find the value of QR̂S. 15 A Find the value of BÊC.

Q B

R 59˚ F

S E
106˚
C
T
73˚

HWK 1E Main Book Page 81

1 B C ABCD is a square. 2 Q R
Find the value of DÊ F.
32˚ Show your working. P S

F U
A D
V T
PQUV and RSTU are squares.
E
Find the value of TÛV. Show your
working.

3 4 S T
60˚
B
C
R U 240˚
74˚
A 130˚
60˚
Q P
Find the value of AB̂C. Find the value of SÛQ.
Show your working.

Unit 2_8H.indd 31 8/7/2009 3:05:09 PM

 32

5 D 6 Q R

C E
T
110˚
B F 264˚
I
P S
108˚
A J H G

CDEI is a square. (ignore the shape in PQRS is a square. Find the value of TR̂S.
the diagram) Each angle inside a regular
pentagon is 108°. A regular pentagon has
equal sides and angles.
Find the value of H Î J.

7 B Find the value of AB̂C.

103˚
C

32˚

47˚ A
64˚

HWK 2M Main Book Page 82

Begin each question by drawing a diagram.

1 Calculate the value of angle n. 2 BDEA is a square. BĈA is four times
as large as larger than BÂC. Calculate
the value of CÊD.

B C D

35˚

47˚ n

A E

or BĈA = 4 × BÂC

Unit 2_8H.indd 32 8/7/2009 3:05:10 PM

 33

3 UVST is a square. 4 BD bisects AB̂C.

Calculate the value of RŜV. Calculate the value of AD̂B.

Q B

24˚ R
P
39˚

29˚
U V

53˚
A D C
T S

5 Draw a sketch of an isosceles triangle 6 Calculate the value of EĜF.

PQR with PQ = PR. Point Y lies on QR
A B
so that PŶQ = 85°. If PQ̂R = 75°, 66˚
calculate the size of RP̂ Y.

E D
G

7 PQRT is a parallelogram. SU bisects PŜ T. Calculate the value of SÛT.

Q R
40˚

S
35˚
112˚
P U T

Unit 2_8H.indd 33 8/7/2009 3:05:11 PM

 34

HWK 2E Main Book Page 84

1 Copy and complete this proof to show that AD̂C is equal to AB̂C in this kite.
A AD̂B = (angles in isosceles triangle ADB)
BD̂C = (angles in isosceles triangle BDC)
D B AD̂C = AD̂B + BD̂C
= +
= AB̂C

2 Prove that the angles in a right-angled isosceles triangle are

90°, 45° and 45°.

3 Copy and complete this proof for the sum of the angles in a pentagon.

Draw any pentagon (5 sides) as shown. a

a+ + c = 180° (angles in a Δ) b c
d e
d+e+f= (angles in a Δ) g

g+ + = (angles in a Δ)
h
We must have i f

a+ +c+d+e+f+g+ + =
This shows that the sum of the angles in a pentagon is .

4 B a + b + c = 180° (angles on a straight line)

X a c Y
b Prove that the sum of the angles in a triangle is 180°.

A C

Unit 2_8H.indd 34 8/7/2009 3:05:11 PM

 35

2.4 Using algebra

HWK 1M Main Book Page 86

1 Find two matching pairs of expressions

A 1 + 2m + 3 B 2 + m + 4m – 1 C 2 + 6m – 3m – 1

D 7m + 1 – 2m E 5m + 4 – 3m

2 Simplify the following.

(a) 3m + 7 – 8m (b) 3y + 2x – y – 1 (c) 6m + 3 – 5m – 2n + n
3 Find an expression for the total distance from A to C.
C
A 3x + y + 5x
+2 y − 4x
+
6x + 3
B

4 Multiply out the brackets.

(a) 4(m + 3) (b) 9(2p – 1) (c) 3(w + 3q) (d) 5(a – 3b)
5 Copy and complete the following.
(a) 4( + 1) = 8a + 4 (b) (2m – 3n) = 12m –
6 Multiply out the brackets and simplify.
(a) 3(m + 2) + 5(m – 1) (b) 4(2n + 3) + 5(n – 2)
(c) 5(3x + 4) + 2(4x + 3) (d) 7(m – 2) + 4(m + 6)
(e) 4(m + n + 3) + 3(m – n + 2) (f) 6(a + 3b – 2c) + 4(2a – b + 4c)
(g) 5(3x – 2y + 2) + 2(2x + y – 3) (h) 4(m – 3 + 2n) + 5(2 + m – n)

HWK 1E Main Book Page 87

1 In number walls each brick is made by a+b

adding the two bricks underneath it.
a b

Draw the walls below and fill in the missing expressions.

(a) (b) 5x + y (c) 10a + b
3x + y 5a + 4b
m + 2n 3m + n m + 5n 2x + 3y 2a + 3b

Unit 2_8H.indd 35 8/7/2009 3:05:12 PM

 36

2 Answer true or false.

(a) 4 + m = 4m (b) 5p – p = 5 (c) m – n = n – m

(d) m + m + m = 3 (e) a + b = ab (f) a × a × a = a3

m
g) m + m2 = m4
2
(h) 3a × ba = 3a2b (i) a × a ÷ b = 2a
b
3 Here are some cards. a+3 5a a2
a–1 a÷2 a×a 4a – a
2a + a + a 5÷a 4a

(a) Which card is the same as a + a + a ?

(b) Which card is the same as 5 ?

a
(c) The card a × a is the same as the card a2 .
Which other pair of cards are the same as each other?
(d) Which card is the same as 1 a ?
2
(e) What is the difference in the value of the cards a + 3 and a – 1 ?
4 Draw these walls like those in question 1 and fill in the missing expressions.

(a) (b)
9a + 7b 13m − 8n
4a + 4b 7m − 5n
3a 3m − 4n
a + 2b 2a − b 3m + n

HWK 2E Main Book Page 90

n 2n 2n−3 4(2n−3)
1 Here is a flow diagram for the expression 4(2n – 3) ×2 −3 ×4

Find the expression for each of the following flow charts:

(a) n ×3 +6 ×4 (b) n ×5 −3 ×8

(c) n +4 ×3 +1 (d) n −2 ×9 −4

(e) n +5 square ×5 (f) n square +2 ×7

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 37

2 Draw the flow diagram for the following expressions.

(a) 6(4n + 1) (b) 4(5n – 8) (c) 5(n2 + 4)
(d) 3n – 6 (e) 7(n – 4)2 (f) 8(n + 5)2
7
Simplify the expressions in the questions below.
3 6m 4 3m2 – m2 5 n – 6 + 4n 6 3ab + ba
m
7 n+n+n 8 8x 9 a×a 10 5p – 2 – p – 3
3 3 3 2 a
11 m3 12 n + n + n + n 13 m × m2 14 3a – a
4
m n m a
2
15 m+m+m 16 a × 5 17 n +n
3 a 5 5

HWK 3M/3E Main Book Page 91

1 Will is paid £7 per hour. How much does he earn if he works for y hours?

2 Ryan has two boxes of sweets as shown.

n sweets m sweets

box A box B
Ryan takes 5 sweets out of box A and 4 sweets out of box B.
(a) How many sweets are left in box A?
(b) How many sweets are left in box B?
(c) What is the total number of sweets left in both boxes?
(d) Ryan now puts one sweet back into box B. How many sweets are now in box B?
3 Mark has £n. Marcus has three times as much money as Mark. Marcus spends £15.
How much money does Marcus now have?
4 A bag of crisps costs m pence and a bottle of water costs n pence.
Ryan buys x bags of crisps and y bottles of water. How much change will he get if
he hands over q pence?
5 m Write down an expression for the shaded area.
2a n

3b
6 Felix has £(9n + 23). He spends £(3n + 9). He gives half of the remaining money to his sister.
How much money does he have left?
7 Jed is selling plates at £m each. He reduces the price of each plate by £2 and sells 29 plates.
How much money does he receive?

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8 ‘Sunshine’ cereal costs y pence per box. Fresco own brand of the same cereal costs x pence
less per box.
How much will 3 ‘Sunshine’ boxes and 5 Fresco boxes cost in total? Simplify your answer.
9 5a + 1 (a) Write down an expression for x in terms of a.
y (b) Write down an expression for y in terms of b.

4b − 2 x
3b − 5

2a + 3

10 Here is a magic square in which the numbers in each row, 9 4 5

column and diagonal add up to the same number, in this case 18.
2 6 10
7 8 3

Copy and complete this magic square

7 n+7
by first finding the value of n.
12 n 5
1 15
13 10 4

2.5 Applying mathematics in a range of contexts 1

HWK 1M/2M/3M/4M/5E/6E Main Book Page 96

1 Use 7 , 4 , 38 , 3 , – , + and × to make

a calculation which gives the answer 55.
2 A machine makes the same amount of washing powder every minute. It is allowed to run for
9 minutes, after which 2 kg of powder is removed for testing. The remainder is placed in an
empty bag labelled A.
The machine is then allowed to run for 5 minutes and all the powder produced in that 5
minutes is put into bag B, which already contains 16 kg.
If bags A and B now contain equal quantities of powder, find the weight of powder produced
by the machine every minute.

Unit 2_8H.indd 38 8/7/2009 3:05:15 PM

 39

3 6m This is a plan of the bottom floor of Bev’s house.

She wants to build an extension which will increase the
floor area by 15%.
8m The extension will be square in shape. How long will one
side of the square extension need to be?
3m

10 m

4 Puja leaves Bristol at 09:25 by train and arrives at London at 11:05. It then takes her 15
minutes to get on a tube train which takes her 23 minutes to get to Earls Court.
Rowan also travels from Bristol to London by train but his journey takes 28% more time than
Puja’s train journey. It only takes him 11 minutes to catch the tube train which then gets him
to Earls Court 3 minutes quicker than Puja’s tube journey took.
If Rowan leaves Bristol at 08:13, when does he arrive at Earls Court?
5 The two way table shows how many boys girls total
boys and girls there are in years 7 and 8
in Howton Community School. year 7 118 245
What percentage of Year 8 are boys? year 8 104
(Give your answer to one decimal place) total 472

6 Work out one quarter of 9% of three tenths of the square root of ten thousand.
7 Some year 8 students were asked how many evenings during the week did they watch three
hours or more of TV. The results are shown in the table below.

number of evenings 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
frequency 3 3 4 8 11 12 7 5
What percentage of the students watched three hours or more of TV on less than three
evenings? (Give your answer to one decimal place)

8 The Fresco 1 kg = 2.2 lb (2.2 pounds)

Curly Mark needs to buy 3 kg of potatoes, 1.5 kg of apples
Leaf and 1.5 kg of carrots.
potatoes £1.85 78p Which store is it cheaper for Mark to shop in,
for 5 lb for 1 kg ‘The Curly Leaf’ or ‘Fresco’, and by how much
is it cheaper?
apples £1.62 £1.58
for 2 lb for l kg
carrots 81p £2.40
for 1.5 lb for 2 kg

Unit 2_8H.indd 39 8/7/2009 3:05:15 PM

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2.6 Circles

HWK 1M Main Book Page 107

Remember: circumference = π × diameter

Give all answers to one decimal place.
1 Calculate the circumference of each circle.
(a) (b) (c) 3m (d)
8 cm m
15 m 7m

2 A circular pond has a diameter 30 m. Calculate its circumference.

3 A coin has a radius 8 mm. Find its circumference.
4 Tom walks once around the
edge of a 60 m length square field.
80 m
Anna walks once around the edge
of an 80 m diameter circular field.
60 m Who walks further and by how much?
5 In a game show, a comedian lies on a circular turntable. The comedian is
1.7 m tall.
If the turntable is spun around four complete rotations, how far does the top
of the comedian’s head travel?

HWK 1E Main Book Page 108

1 The wheels on a bike have a diameter of 59 cm. Alf travels 25 m on this bike. How many
times do the wheels go round completely?
2 A dog runs around this circular pond at a speed of 2.5 m/s. How long does
17 m it take the dog to run all the way round the pond twice? Give your answer
to 1 decimal place.

3 The circumference of a circular field is 400 m. Calculate the diameter of the field to the
nearest cm.
4 A circle has a perimeter of 563 cm. Calculate the radius of the circle to the nearest cm.

Unit 2_8H.indd 40 8/7/2009 3:05:15 PM

 41

5 The wheels on Mary’s model car have a diameter of 3.2 cm. The wheels on Wayne’s model
car have a radius of 1.3 cm. Both cars are pushed so that their wheels rotate completely 50
times. How much further does Mary’s car travel than Wayne’s?
6 A rectangular piece of paper is wrapped around a tin
with a 12 cm overlap for fixing. Calculate the area of the
1
8 cm 2
cm overlap piece of paper. Give your answer to one decimal place.

12cm

7 John and his dad go for a bike ride. John’s bike wheels have a radius of 49 cm and his dad’s
bike wheels have a radius of 62 cm. During part of the journey, his dad’s bike wheels rotate
530 times. How many complete rotations do John’s bike wheels make during the same part of
the journey?

HWK 2M Main Book Page 110

Calculate the perimeter of each shape. All shapes are either semi-circles or quarter circles. Give
answers correct to 1 decimal place.
1 2 3

14 cm
5 cm
6.3 cm

4 Which shape has the longer perimeter

and by how much?
A 18 cm 12 cm B

12 cm

5 This shape is made from a triangle and a semi-circle. Calculate

the total perimeter of this shape.

9 cm

10 cm 13.5 cm

Unit 2_8H.indd 41 8/7/2009 3:05:17 PM

 42

6 14 cm Calculate the perimeter of this shape correct to 1

decimal place.
6 cm
11 cm

HWK 3M Main Book Page 111

1 Find the area of a circular road sign with diameter 42 cm.

2 Find the area of a circular plate which has a radius of 11 cm.
3 Which shape has the larger
area and by how much? 17 c
m
25 cm A B

18 cm

4 Calculate the shaded area.

12 cm 12 cm 12 cm

In questions 5 to 7 find the area of each shape. All arcs are either semicircles or quarter circles.
Give your answers correct to one decimal place.

5 6 7

4 cm 24 cm
20 cm
4 cm 35 cm

8 A circular lawn has diameter 60 m. In the centre of the lawn is a circular pond with a radius
of 5 m. What is the area of the lawn without the pond?

Unit 2_8H.indd 42 8/7/2009 3:05:18 PM

 43

HWK 3E Main Book Page 113

Give all answers to one decimal place in this exercise.

1 This shape is made from a rectangle and a quarter
circle. Calculate the total area of the shape.
16 cm

22 cm 16 cm

2 The shaded part of this design is to be painted blue. Each

circle has a diameter of 5 m. Calculate the blue area.
13 m

24 m

3 Find the shaded area.

7 cm 12 cm

4 shaded area A Which shaded area is greater shaded area B

and by how much?

18 cm
15 cm
18 cm

5 Calculate the shaded area.

8 cm 4.5 cm

9 cm

Unit 2_8H.indd 43 8/7/2009 3:05:19 PM

 44

UNIT 3
3.1 Reflection

HWK 1M/1E Main Book Page 125

Copy each shape on squared paper and draw the image after reflection in the broken line.
1 2 3

4 5 6

In questions 7 to 9 , copy each shape and draw the image after reflection in the broken line.

7 8 9

10 First reflect the shape in line 1 and then reflect the image in line 2.

(a) (b)
line 1
line 2

line 2 line 1

Unit 3_8H.indd 44 8/7/2009 3:05:43 PM

 45

HWK 2M Main Book Page 127

1 y Copy the diagram onto squared paper.

x = –1 5
4 (a) Reflect the shaded triangle in y = 1. Label the
3 image P.
2 (b) Reflect the image P in x = –1. Label the new
y=1
1
x image Q.
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5 (c) Reflect the image Q in y = 1. Label the new
−1
−2 image R.
−3
−4
−5

2 (a) Draw x and y axes with values from –5 to 5 and draw shape A which has vertices
(corners) at (2, 2), (2, 3), (5, 3) and (5, 2).
(b) Reflect shape A in the x-axis. Label the image B.
(c) Reflect shape B in x = 1. Label the image C.
(d) Reflect shape C in y = 1. Label the image D.
(e) Write down the coordinates of the vertices of shape D.
3 Copy the diagram onto squared paper. y

(a) Reflect triangle P in y = x. Label 6

the image Q. 5 x=2

x
(b) Reflect triangle Q in x = 2. Label the 4 y=
image R. 3
2
(c) Reflect triangle R in the x-axis. Label 1
the image S. x
−6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5 6
(d) Write down the coordinates of the −1
P
vertices of triangle S. −2
−3
−4
−5
−6

HWK 2E Main Book Page 129

1 (a) Draw x and y axes with values from –5 to 5 and draw triangle A which has vertices
at (2, –1), (2, –4) and (3, –4).
(b) Reflect triangle A in the y-axis. Label the image B.
(c) Reflect triangle B in y = –1. Label the image C. (Go to next page)

Unit 3_8H.indd 45 8/7/2009 3:05:44 PM

 46

(d) Reflect triangle C in x = 1. Label the image D.

(e) Reflect triangle D in y = x. Label the image E.
(f) Write down the coordinates of the vertices of triangle E.

2 y Write down the equation of the mirror

7 line for each of the following reflections
6
y=

D (a) A→B
−x

C 5

x
B→E

y=
4 (b)
3
2
(c) I→J
A B E
1 (d) D→E
−7 −6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
x (e) A→C
−1
−2 F G (f) C→J
I −3 (g) H→F
H
−4
J (h) F→G
−5
−6
−7

3 (a) Find the image of the point (2, 5) after reflection in the line:
(i) x = 3 (ii) x = 40 (iii) y = 1 (iv) y = 100 (v) y = x
(b) Find the image of the point (m, n) after reflection in the x-axis followed by a reflection in
the y-axis.
(c) Find the image of the point (m, n) after reflection in the line y = –x.

3.2 Describing data

HWK 1M Main Book Page 132

1 5 6 13 8 6 5 8 4 10 4 8

For the list of numbers above, find

(a) the mean (b) the median (c) the mode (d) the range
2 The numbers below show the scores of ten golfers.
–3, –1, –5, +2, +3, –6, –4, –3, +2, –4
Write down the median score.
3 Which set of numbers below has the greater range?

A 5, –2, 9, 3, –1, 8 or B –6, 2 ,–2, 5, –3, 6, –4

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 47

4 Nine people have weights 52 kg, 63 kg, 51 kg, 48 kg, 62 kg, 59 kg, 60 kg, 62 kg, and 56 kg.
(a) Find the mean weight of the nine people.
(b) Two more people join the group. They weigh 79 kg each. Find the mean weight of all
eleven people.
5 Eight people each have one money note as shown below.

20 10 10 20

5 20 5 10

Find the mean average amount of money each person has.

HWK 1E Main Book Page 133

1 3 7 ? 10
The numbers on these cards have a mean average equal to 6. Write down the missing number.
2 The numbers 7, 4, 9, 2, 7 and n have a median equal to 6. Write down the value of n.
3 Nine children get the following marks in a test: 36, 50, 54, 59, 37, 62, 52, 51, 49
Gemma scored the mean average mark. Was she in the bottom half or the top half of this list
of marks?
4 Set A: 8 10 5 9 6 7 4

Set B: 12 1 ? 8 9
The mean average of set B is the same as the mean average of set A. Find the missing
number.
5 The six numbers below are all positive and have a range of 39. Find the value of n.

15 21 3 n 32 9

6 Seven numbers have a mean of 9 and a median of 8.

6 6 15 15
Write down three possible missing numbers.
7 The mean of seven numbers is 8. Another number is added to the list making the mean of the
eight numbers equal 9. What was the new number that was added to the list?

Unit 3_8H.indd 47 8/7/2009 3:05:45 PM

 48

8 The mean weight of 4 girls is 49 kg. The mean weight of 6 boys is 55 kg. Find the mean
weight of the 10 boys and girls combined.
9 The mean height of n girls is p metres. The mean height of m boys is q metres. Write down an
expression for the mean height of all the boys and girls combined.
10 Here are 6 cards and you are told that x is a positive whole number.

x+3 x–3 3x + 3 (a) Find, in terms of x,

(i) the median of the 6 cards
4x + 7 x+5 x+2
(ii) the range of the 6 cards
(iii) the mean of the 6 cards
(b) The range is 8 greater than the median. Find the
value of x.

HWK 2M Main Book Page 135

1 Children in class 8A are given a maths test. Their marks are recorded below.
17 23 19 28 15 17 22 28 19 20
24 8 21 15 28 16 27 29 21 23
(a) Find the mean mark and the range of the marks.
(b) Children in class 8B took the same test. Their mean mark was 24 and the range of the marks
was 12. Use the means and the ranges to compare the test marks for classes 8A and 8B.

2 Two groups of people were asked to estimate when one minute had
60
passed. Their estimates are shown in the boxes below. The times
50 10 are given in seconds.

40 seconds 20
30

Group X 54 61 60 55 62 66 61 51 52

Group Y 59 58 67 50 63 69 71 67

(a) Work out the mean estimate and the range for group X.
(b) Work out the mean estimate and the range for group Y.
(c) Write one or two sentences to compare the estimates for the two groups.

Unit 3_8H.indd 48 8/7/2009 3:05:45 PM

 49

3 Two groups of young children were asked how much pocket money they received each week.
The results are shown below:

Frequency Frequency

20 20
Group A Group B
16 16

12 12

8 8

4 4

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 77 8 9 10
Pocket money (£) Pocket money (£)

Write down one or two sentences to compare the weekly pocket money received by children
in Group A and Group B.

HWK 2E Main Book Page 137

1 The frequency table shows the weights of 50 apples in a box.

weight 90 g 100 g 110 g 120 g 130 g
frequency 8 11 17 9 5
(a) Calculate the mean weight of the apples.
(b) Find the modal weight of the apples (ie. the mode)
(c) Find the median weight of the apples.
2 40 children were asked how many drinks of water they had during one day. The findings are
shown in the frequency table below.

number of drinks 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
frequency 3 5 6 7 12 5 2
(a) Calculate the mean number of drinks.
(b) Find the modal number of drinks (ie. the mode).
(c) Find the median number of drinks.
3 Tom wants to know if a ‘city’ family or a ‘village’ family spends more or less each week on
food. He asks 25 families in a city and 25 families in a village. The results are shown in the
frequency tables on the next page.

Unit 3_8H.indd 49 8/7/2009 3:05:45 PM

 50

city village
food bill (£) frequency food bill (£) frequency
80 0 80 5
100 4 100 5
120 8 120 10
140 6 140 4
160 7 160 1

(a) Calculate the mean weekly food bill for the ‘city’ families.
(b) Calculate the mean weekly food bill for the ‘village’ families.
(c) Which group of families spends more each week on food? Can you suggest a possible
reason for this?
4 The table shows the number of cars owned by some number of cars frequency
families in a street.
1 5
(a) If the modal number of cars is 2, find the largest
possible value of n. 2 11
(b) If the mean number of cars is 2.28, find n. 3 n
4 3

HWK 3M Main Book Page 139

1 25 people are asked how many DVDs they have. The results are shown below.

15 21 41 43 38 Draw an ordered stem and leaf diagram. Three

entries are shown below.
8 23 34 47 16
Stem Leaf
22 38 43 20 6 0
33 21 19 8 23 1 5
34 12 43 16 37 2 1
3
4 1

Remember the key, for example: 1 | 2 means 12

2 The numbers shown below give the ages of 30 people on a train between Birmingham and
Derby. Draw an ordered stem and leaf diagram to show this data.
24 48 17 58 52 40 64 57 69 28
67 58 32 66 13 68 59 37 10 66
63 21 19 48 57 69 17 58 67 24

Unit 3_8H.indd 50 8/7/2009 3:05:46 PM

 51

3 The stem and leaf diagrams below show the weights of the players in two rugby teams.
Halford Malby
Stem Leaf Stem Leaf
8 3 8 9 8 0 2
9 2 5 6 6 8 9 4 8 9
10 6 7 7 10 6 7 7 7
11 3 4 6 11 2 5 5 8
12 1 12 4 9
Key Key
9 | 5 means 95 kg 10 | 7 means 107 kg

(a) Find the range and median weight of the rugby players for each team.
(b) Write two sentences to compare the weights of the rugby players in each team (One
sentence should involve how spread out the weights are (range) and the second sentence
should involve an average (median)).
4 A group of children are drawing with pencils.
The stem and leaf diagram opposite shows the Stem Leaf
length of each pencil.
7 4 6
(a) What is the median pencil length?
8 3 5 5
(b) Write down the range.
9 0 2 4 4 7
10 2 6 7 7
11 4 5 8 8 8
12 3 4 5 5 9 9
13 2 2 6 7

Key
9 | 4 means 9.4 cm

3.4 Using formulas and expressions

HWK 1M Main Book Page 147

In questions 1 to 10 you are given a formula. Find the value of the letter required in each case.

1 a = 4b – 3 2 p = 9w + 7
Find a when b = 5 Find p when w = 6

Unit 3_8H.indd 51 8/7/2009 3:05:46 PM

 52

3 y = 3x + 12 4 m=n–8
4
Find y when x = 5 Find m when n = 48
5 a= b +4 6 y = 2(6x + 3)
10
Find a when b = 30 Find y when x = 9
7 m = 7(4n – 1) 8 a = 8b – 4
10
Find m when n = 6 Find a when b = 8
9 y = 3(9x + 2) 10 p = w + 20
7
Find y when x = 2 Find p when w = 28
11 a The area A of this trapezium is given by the formula

h A = 12 h(a + b)
Find the value of A when h = 10, a = 3 and b = 9.
b

12 m The total area A of this shape is given by the formula

n A = n(m + p)
Find the value of A when n = 20, m = 40 and p = 15.
n
p

13 w = p2 + 7p 14 a = 29 – 4n
10
Find w when p = 9 Find a when n = 7
15 y = 4x(100 – x2) 16 m = p3 + p2 + p
Find y when x = 5 Find m when p = 6

HWK 1E Main Book Page 147

1 In the formulas below x is given in terms of m and n. Find the value of x in each case.
(a) x = mn + 8n when m = –9 and n = 6
2
(b) x = m – 4n when m = –6 and n = –2
(c) x = m(3m – 6) when m = –3
2 Norman sells chocolates. Each month he buys n boxes of chocolates to sell at £9 for each
box. He always gives one box to his partner and one box to each of his two children.
Norman gets £m for selling the remaining boxes given by the formula
m = 9(n – 3)
Find the value of m when
(a) n = 43 (b) n = 60 (c) n = 100

Unit 3_8H.indd 52 8/7/2009 3:05:46 PM

 53

3 Find the value of y using the formulas and values given.

(a) p = xy – 6 when x=7 and y = –2
(b) y = (3x – 1)2 when x = –4
(c) w = mn + n2 – 8 when m = –3 and n = –4
2
(d) x = n + 3n when n = –9
2n

4 The surface area A of a sphere is approximately given by the formula

A = 12r2
Find the surface area of a sphere with a radius of 3 cm.
4

5 The total surface area A of a cylinder is approximately

given by the formula
A = 6r(h + r)
r h
Find the total surface area A of a cylinder with r = 2 cm
3
and h = 112 cm.

6 If you add the numbers 1 + m + m2 + m3 + … + mn, the sum is given by the formula:
n+1
Sum = 1 – m
1–m
(a) Use the formula to work out 1 + 3 + 32 + …. +310
(b) Check your answer by adding the numbers in the normal way.
(c) Use the formula to work out 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + …. +8192

7 This open box has no top.

The surface area A is given by the formula
A = 2np + mn + 2mp p
m
Find the value of p if n = 6, m = 7 and A = 146.
n

HWK 2M Main Book Page 151

1 For each statement answer ‘true’ or ‘false’

(a) 4t – t = 3t (b) m + m = m2 (c) 4n + 2n = 6
n

Unit 3_8H.indd 53 8/7/2009 3:05:46 PM

 54

(d) 3(n – 3) = 3n – 6 (e) m ÷ 3 = 3 ÷ m (f) m w m–w

n –n = n
(g) 4n + n = 4n2 (h) 6a – a = 6 (i) m – n + p = –n + p + m
2 Which of the cards below have a value of 15 when x = 4?

3x + 4 x2 – 1 20 – x (x – 1)2 + 6

30x
8 2x + 9 5x – 5

3 Find the value of each expression.

(a) 8 – 2x if x = 3 (b) x + 4 if x = 40
5
(c) 3(4 + 2y) if y = 10 (d) n2 – 19 if n = 8
(e) 4x – 16 if x = 12 (f) n –n 6 if n = 10
3
m + 6 if m = 4
(g) m + (h) x3 – 17 if x=3
1
(i) (n – 4)3 if n = 11 (j) 3n – 1 if n = 4
2
2
4 Find the value of 6n + n9
( ) if n = 3.
n+2

HWK 2E Main Book Page 152

1 Given that w = –5 and x = 9, find the value of each of the following expressions.
(a) x – w (b) x2 + w (c) 4(w + x)
(d) xw (e) 2w + x (f) w2 + 3
(g) x(3x + w) (h) 10x (i) w(2x – w)
w
2 If n = –2, which expression has the larger value?
5n – n or 2(4n + 3)
3 Given that m = –3 and n = –4, find the value of each of the following expressions.
(a) 4m + n (b) m2 – n (c) n(2m + 5)
(d) mn + m2 (e) n2 – m2 (f) 4m(5n + 3)
(g) n3 + 4m (h) (3m + 8)2 – 2n (i) m(n + 7) – n(m + 3)
4 Write down these six expressions in order of size when n = –3, starting with the smallest.
(3n – 1)2 + n2 n3 + (n – 1)2 6(2n + 1) – (n – 4)

5(3 + 2n) (5n + 10)2 – 6n n3 – (2n – 3)2

3

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 55

3.5 Construction and locus

HWK 1M Main Book Page 155

You need a ruler, protractor and pair of compasses.

1 Construct triangle ABC as shown. C
Use a protractor to measure AB̂C.

8 cm 7 cm

B 6 cm A

2 Construct each triangle and measure the side x.

(a) (b) (c)

6 cm x x
x 7 cm
55˚ 110˚
6 cm
6.5 cm 49˚ 67˚
7 cm

3 Construct rhombus PQRS as shown. P 6 cm Q

Use a protractor to measure PQ̂R.
6 cm
5 cm
6 cm

S 6 cm R

Z
4 Construct the kite WXYZ. Use a protractor to
5 cm
120˚ 5 cm measure WX̂Y.
Y W

8 cm 8 cm

Unit 3_8H.indd 55 8/7/2009 3:05:47 PM

 56

HWK 2M/2E Main Book Page 156

Remember: The locus of a point is the path traced out by the point as it moves.

1 Mark a point A with a cross. Hundreds of ants stand exactly 6 cm from the point A.
Draw a diagram to show this.
2 B Copy this diagram. The ants now move so that each ant is
exactly the same distance from line AB as line AC.
Show this on your diagram.

A
C

3 A This diagram shows a white ball and black ball on a snooker

table. Copy the diagram. Darryl hits the white ball against the
black ball. The black ball hits the side of the table at A then goes
down the hole in the bottom right-hand corner. Darryl is very
surprised. Show what happens to the black ball on your diagram.
4 Draw another copy of the snooker table with the black ball in the same starting position.
If the black ball goes down a different hole, show what happens to the black ball on your
diagram. Describe what happens to the black ball and which hole it goes down.
5 On a clock, the time goes from 10:00 to 10:20. Describe the locus of the tip of the
minute hand.
6

P Q

All the crosses shown above are 1.5 cm away from the line PQ. Copy the diagram and
draw the locus of all the points 1.5 cm away from the line PQ.
7 Shade the locus of all the points which are less than or equal to 3 cm from a fixed point P.
8 P A dog with a bone in its mouth runs up these stairs
and drops the bone on the point marked P. Copy
the stairs and draw a rough sketch of the locus of
the bone as it travels from the bottom of the stairs
to the point P.

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 57

9 Mark two points P and Q which are 3 cm apart. P

Draw the locus of points which are an equal
distance (equidistant) from P and Q.

6 cm
10 Copy this diagram. Draw the locus of points which
are 4 cm from A and are inside the rectangle.

5 cm

HWK 3M Main Book Page 158

You need a ruler, protractor and pair of compasses.

1 Draw a horizontal line PQ of length 7 cm. Construct the perpendicular bisector of PQ.

2 Draw a vertical line XY of length 6 cm. Construct the perpendicular bisector of XY.

3 Draw a line and a point Y on the line. Construct the perpendicular from the point Y.

4 A Copy this diagram and construct the line which passes through A and
is perpendicular to the line.

B
5 Copy this diagram. Construct 3 lines through P, one line
being perpendicular to each of the 3 sides of the triangle.

A C

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 58

HWK 3E Main Book Page 159

1 Draw an angle of about 50°. Construct the bisector of the angle.

2 (a) Construct the perpendicular bisector of a A

line AB as shown. Label the bisector
CD. Label the point Y as shown.
C D
Y

B
A
X
(b) Construct the bisector of AŶD.
(c) Construct the bisector of BŶD.
(d) Label the bisectors as shown opposite. C D
Y
(e) Use your protractor to measure CŶX.
(f) Use your protractor to measure AŶZ.
Z
B

3 Use a ruler and compasses only to construct an angle of 22 12 °.

4 Using ruler and compasses only construct an angle of 60° (think about the angles in an
equilateral triangle).

5 Q (a) Use a ruler and compasses only to construct triangle

PQR as shown.
(b) Construct the angle bisector of QP̂R. Label this line PX.
5.5 cm 4 cm
(c) Construct the angle bisector of PR̂Q. Label this line RY.
(d) Use your protractor to measure QP̂X and PR̂Y.

P 6 cm R

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UNIT 4
4.1 Bearings and scale drawing

HWK 1M Main Book Page 172

1 North
Write down the bearing of:
(a) Q from P
Q (b) R from Q
115˚ 160˚
North (c) R from P
85˚
North (d) P from R

65˚
20˚
255˚ 40˚
P 55˚
285˚
R

2 Measure the bearing of (a) A to B (b) C to D (c) E to F (d) G to H

(e) I to J (f) K to L (g) M to N

North

C
D

E
G
A

J M
H

I
F

L K

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 60

3 Draw lines to show the following bearings.

(a) 065° (b) 170° (c) 250° (d) 155° (e) 310°

4 A ship sails from A to P then to B. Another ship sails from C to Q then to D.

North
B

D
Q

(a) Measure the bearing of A to P.

(b) Measure the bearing of P to B.
(c) Measure the bearing of C to Q.
(d) Measure the bearing of Q to D.

5 North (a) Write down the bearing of B from A.

(b) Write down the bearing of A from B.
North

140˚
A
40˚

6 The bearing of point P from point Q is 105°. What is the bearing of point Q from point P?

7 The bearing of point X from point Y is 230°. What is the bearing of point Y from point X?

Unit 4_8H.indd 60 8/7/2009 6:29:32 PM

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HWK 1E Main Book Page 175

In questions 1 to 5 use a scale of 1 cm to represent 1 km. Draw an accurate scale drawing to

help you answer each question.

1 A ship sails 7 km due north and then a further

5 km on a bearing 075°.
How far is the ship now from its starting point? Finish
75˚
5

7 ?

Start

2 A ship sails 6 km due north and then a further 6 km on a bearing 080°.

How far is the ship now from its starting point?

3 Sarah and Barclay are standing at the same point A. Sarah walks for
7 km on a bearing of 050°. Barclay walks for 6 km on a bearing of 310°.
How far is Sarah from Barclay now?

4 A ship sails due south for 6 km and then on a bearing of 120° for 3 km.
How far is the ship now from its starting point?

5 Draw a point P with a cross.

Point Q is 7 km from P on a bearing of 072° from P.
Point R is 5 km from P on a bearing of 190° from P.
What is the bearing of R from Q?

6 Use a scale of 1 cm for 10 km. Palton is 100 km from Beale on a bearing of 090°.
A group of hikers is on a bearing of 045° from Beale and on a bearing of
325° from Palton.
(a) Make a scale drawing to show the position of the hikers.
(b) The group of hikers now travel 30 km on a bearing of 255°.
What is the bearing of the hikers from Beale now?

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 62

7 North Penny is 20 km from Roger on a bearing of 245°.

Roger Shalina is 35 km from Roger on a bearing of 205°.
(a) Draw an accurate diagram using a scale of 1 cm
for 5 km.
(b) Penny now travels 15 km on a bearing of 200°.
Shalina travels 25 km on a bearing of 065°.
Penny
How far now is Penny from Shalina and what
is the bearing of Penny from Shalina?

Shalina

4.3 Handling data

HWK 1M/2M/2E Main Book Page 180

1 The scatter graph shows the

waist sizes and weights of some
people. 44
42
waist size (inches)

40
(a) How many people weighed more
38
than 70 kg? 36
34
(b) How many people had a waist 32
size of less than 36 inches? 30
28
(c) Answer true or false: ‘In general 26
as waist size increases, weight 24
increases.’ 50 60 70 80 90 100
weight (kg)

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 63

2 The scatter graph shows the heights of

some people and how many shirts they 170
own.
160
(a) How many people are more than
150 cm tall?

height (cm)
150
(b) How many people own less than
140
8 shirts?
(c) Answer true or false: ‘In general as 130
the number of shirts increases,
120
height increases.’ 0 4 8 12 16 20
number of shirts

3 french test german test The table shows two test scores obtained by
13 14 16 children in Year 8 for french and german
19 17
(a) Draw the axes shown below and
16 17 complete the scatter graph.
8 8 german test
16 15
20
3 4
10 11
20 19
18 18
7 5
11 12
18 19
10 8
0 french test
12 10 0 20
9 9
15 16 (b) Describe the correlation, if any.

4 Describe the correlation, if any, in these scatter graphs.

(a) (b) (c)

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 64

5 If scatter graphs were drawn with the quantities below on the two axes,
what sort of correlation would you expect to see in each case?
(a) salary; value of home lived in
(b) maths ability; shoe size
(c) number of pages in a book; time to read the book
(d) petrol used by a car; further distance that a car may travel
(e) time spent by a person at the gym; time the person takes to run 5 miles

HWK 3M/3E Main Book Page 186

1 The heights of two groups of teenagers are measured. The heights for each
group are shown in the frequency diagrams below.

Group A Group B
300 300
250 250
frequency

frequency

200 200
150 150
100 100
50 50
0 0
150
160
170
180
190
200
150
160
170
180
190
200

height (cm) height (cm)

(a) Which group of teenagers is generally taller?

(b) Which frequency diagram would you expect if you measured the heights of all the
teenagers in a Sixth Form College? Explain your answer.

2 (a) 18 ten-year-old children run a 400 metre race. Their times t (in seconds)
are shown below.
64, 63, 86, 75, 81, 92, 74, 77, 85, 93, 76, 65, 84, 91, 73, 83, 76, 75
Put the heights into groups.
class interval frequency
60 ≤ t < 70
70 ≤ t < 80
80 ≤ t < 90
90 ≤ t < 100

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 65

(b) Draw a frequency diagram like those in question 1 .

frequency

time (seconds)
60 70 80 90 100

(c) The same children run a 400 metre race when they are seventeen years old.
Their times t (in seconds) are shown below.
67, 56, 65, 57, 53, 74, 59, 53, 71
68, 52, 66, 75, 61, 54, 62, 56, 63
Put the heights into groups similar to part (a).
(d) Draw a frequency diagram like those in question 1 .
(e) Write a sentence to compare the times shown by each frequency diagram. Suggest a
reason for the difference.

3 72 people were asked what their favourite type of chocolate was. The results are shown
in the table below.

type of chocolate frequency

milk 32
dark 30
white 10

(a) Work out the angle on a pie chart for one person.
(b) Work out the angle for each type of chocolate and draw a pie chart.

Unit 4_8H.indd 65 8/7/2009 6:29:33 PM

 66

4 Year 8 children who bring packed lunches

to school are asked what main items they
have in their lunch. The pie chart opposite
shows the results.
crisps
40% of items are crisps and 14 are
sandwiches.
78˚
fruit Calculate the size of angle x in the pie chart.
x
sandwiches
chocolate
bars

5 900 pupils in Cork Field School and 350 pupils in Manor High School were asked what they
enjoyed doing most at weekends. The results are shown in the two pie charts.

Cork Shopping Sh Sport

op
Field pi
Sport ng
School Manor
TV High
TV Computer School
Computer
Other

Other

Did more pupils in Manor High School choose using the computer than pupils in Cork Field
School or less? Explain your answer.

4.4 Fractions, decimals, percentages

HWK 1M Main Book Page 193

1 Answer true or false.

(a) 0.03 = 3 (b) 3 = 0.35 (c) 17 = 0.85
100 5 20
(d) 0.34 = 3 (e) 70 = 0.7 (f) 8 = 0.32
4 100 25
2 Change the following decimals to fractions, cancelling when possible.
(a) 0.2 (b) 0.09 (c) 0.36 (d) 0.75 (e) 0.007
(f) 0.025 (g) 0.73 (h) 0.008 (i) 0.45 (j) 0.16

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 67

3 Change the following mixed numbers to decimals.

(a) 4 2 (b) 3 11 (c) 7 19 (d) 1 13 (e) 6 1
5 20 50 25 8
4 For each pair of numbers, write down which is the larger.

7 0.8 0.94 19 0.17 3

(a) 10 (b) 20 (c) 20

(d) 0.26 7 (e) 3 0.04 (f) 9

50 0.49
25 25
5 Write these numbers in order of size, smallest first.
17 , 0.75, 9, 18 , 0.77, 0.735
20 10 25

HWK 3M/3E Main Book Page 197

1 7 6 9 1
20 25 40 4
Change each fraction into a percentage then write these fractions in order of size, starting
with the smallest.

2 Change these decimals to percentages.

(a) 0.33 (b) 0.64 (c) 0.09 (d) 0.14 (e) 1.3

3 Some people were asked what their favourite Disney

Others
Aladdin cartoon was. The pie chart shows the results.
1
5 (a) What percentage prefer Snow White?
(b) What percentage prefer Jungle Book?
Lion King Jungle Book
1 11 (c) What is the difference between the percentages
4 Snow for Jungle Book and the Lion King?
White 40
3 (d) What percentage prefer ‘others’?
20

4 Use a calculator to change these fractions to percentages, rounding to the nearest whole
number.
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 5 (e) 19
17 9 7 11 22
5 Jack eats 9 of his food. What percentage of his food does he leave? (give your answer
13
to the nearest whole number)

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 68

6 12 4 15 3
80% 150 26% 5 16% 0.65 40 75% 25

0.48 0.08

0.75 16
20
Each number belongs to a group of
12 4 equivalent numbers (two fractions, 3
25 8
one decimal and one percentage).
13 Write down each group of 4 numbers. 65%
20
Beware: there are 4 numbers which
0.34 21
do not belong to any group. 28

13 2
50 25

37.5% 39
150

0.26 36 12 8% 3 0.8 48% 52 0.375

75 65 4 80

7 Write in order of size, smallest first.

42%, 9, 8, 0.405, 44 21%, 15
20 19 38
8 Which is larger and by how much?
1
39% of 323 or 0.7 × 2 20

HWK 4M/4E Main Book Page 199

1 Work out
(a) 5% of £40 (b) 2 21% of £40 (c) 7 21% of £40

(d) 17 21% of £40 (e) 17 21% of £120 (f) 17 21% of £60

2 John buys a house for £294 000. He has to pay a 2.5% tax called stamp duty.
How much tax does he pay?

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 69

3 A United Nations army unit is to

size of Percentage
be made up from soldiers from
four nations as shown in the table. Country available force chosen
(a) Write down how many UK 1600 3%
soldiers are chosen from Germany 400 7%
each country.
Spain 250 12%
(b) From which country did
the highest number of New Zealand 1400 2%
soldiers come?
4 Work out, giving each answer correct to the nearest penny.
(a) 26% of £5.19 (b) 31% of £16.46
(c) 8.5% of £29.12 (d) 3.4% of £19.74
5 The cost of a £49 train ticket to London is increased by 4%. What is the new cost of the
ticket?
6 (a) Increase £160 by 18%. (b) Decrease £65 by 9%.

7 Joe has £42 and spends 63% of his money. Beth has £73 and spends 78% of her money.
Who has more money left and by how much?
8 Terry is building a garage and has used 350 bricks so far. He needs to use a further 82% of
the bricks used so far. How many bricks will he use in total?

9
SALE

digital cd player
radio
camera
£59 £93
£314

20% off 15% off 30% off

Hannah buys all 3 items above in the sale. How much does she pay in total?

10 Molly’s gas bill is £114 plus an extra 5% VAT (known as Value Added Tax).
How much does Molly have to pay in total?

Unit 4_8H.indd 69 8/7/2009 6:29:34 PM

 70

HWK 5E Main Book Page 201

Reminder: The quick way to work out the new value after a percentage increase/decrease
is as follows:
Decrease £280 by 18%
New value = 82% of £280
= 0.82 × 280
= £229.60
0.82 is called the ‘multiplier’.

Use this quick method to answer the questions in this exercise.

1 (a) Decrease £340 by 3% (b) Increase £520 by 7%
(c) Increase £1290 by 4.5% (d) Reduce £670 by 12.4%

2 Marvin is trying to sell his car for £2500. He is not having much luck so decides to knock
15% off the selling price. How much is he asking for his car now?

3 Lucy’s garage bill is £210 plus an extra 17.5% VAT (known as Value Added Tax).
How much does Lucy have to pay in total?

4 Last year This year

Cornet £1.80 Cornet price increased by 20%
Sales 1060 Sales decrease by 20%

Each year Alfonso sells ice-creams at the Banwell festival.

(a) Did Alfonso make more money, the same money or less money on selling cornets this
year compared to last year?
(b) Write down the difference in the amount of money he made.
5 Tania sells cabbages at 90p each and galia melons at £1.60 each. Towards the end of the day
she reduces the price of a cabbage by 30% and the price of a melon by 25%.
She then sells 14 cabbages and 9 melons. How much money does she receive in total for
these cabbages and melons?
6 Alex buys a table for £350 and sells it one week later for a 45% profit. The person who buys
the table then sells it on at a 20% loss. How much does this person sell the table for?

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 71

7 Hal invests £5000 and makes an 8% profit after one year. He

leaves all the money invested and makes a further 7% profit one
year later.
How much money does he now have in total?

£5000

4.5 Interpreting and sketching real life graphs

HWK 1M/1E Main Book Page 203

1 A liquid is poured at a constant rate into this container until

the container is completely full. Sketch a graph to show how
the liquid level rises as the liquid is poured into the container.

2 Distance from London

50 Cambridge

40

30
Miles

20

10

0
10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00
Time of day

The graph above shows Alan’s journey from London to Cambridge.

(a) When did he arrive at Cambridge?
(b) How long did he stop at Cambridge?
P.T.O.

Unit 4_8H.indd 71 8/7/2009 6:29:34 PM

 72

(c) When did he arrive back in London?

(d) Find Alan’s speed on his journey from London to Cambridge.
(e) On his way back to London, Alan stops for half an hour. What is his speed for the final 20
miles of his journey?

capacity
of wine This graph shows the
in the amount of wine in
glass ,
Claire s glass during
one evening.

time

(a) How many times do you think the glass was filled up with wine?
(b) Explain the shape of the graph. What do the horizontal lines and sloping lines suggest?
(c) What do you think happened at the end?
Temperature
4 Maggie has a peach tree. In the morning of peach
she picks a peach and places it on a window
ledge in her kitchen. It is a very hot and
sunny day.
In the evening she decides to put the peach
in her freezer.
Sketch a graph to show the temperature of
the peach during the day.
0 Time of
08:00

12:00

16:00

20:00

the day

height above the ground

5 A person jumps out of an aeroplane and
freefalls before opening a parachute.
He then glides to the ground. Sketch a
graph to show how quickly he
heads towards the ground.

time

Unit 4_8H.indd 72 8/7/2009 6:29:34 PM

 73

6 Draw a vertical axis on squared paper which goes up to 10 km. Draw a horizontal axis which
goes up to 5 hours.
Lucy leaves her house and walks for 1 hour at 4 km/h. She then stops at a shop for 12 hour.
She then walks at 6 km/h for 12 hour.
She now walks a further 1 km which takes her another 12 hour. At this point she walks directly
home at a speed of 4 km/h.
Draw a travel graph to show Lucy’s journey. When did she get back to her house?

4.6 Rotation and combined transformations

HWK 1M/1E Main Book Page 208

In questions 1 to 3 draw the shape and then draw and shade its new position (the image), after
the rotation stated. Take O as the centre of rotation in each case.

1 2 3

O 90° anticlockwise
O
180° 90˚ clockwise

y
4 Copy the diagram shown, using axes
from –6 to 6. 6
(a) Rotate shape P 90° anticlockwise about (0, 0).
Label the new shape R. P 4

(b) Rotate triangle Q 90° clockwise about (4, –1). 2

Label the new shape S.
x
(c) Rotate shape Q 180° about (0, 0). –6 –4 –2 2 4 6
Q
Label the new shape T. –2

–4

–6

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 74

5 (a) Draw axes with values from –6 to 6 and draw triangle P with vertices at
(–3, –2), (–3, –6) and (–5, –2).
(b) Rotate triangle P 90° anticlockwise about (0, 0). Draw and label the new triangle Q.
(c) Rotate triangle Q 90° anticlockwise about (2, –2). Draw and label the new triangle R.
(d) Rotate triangle R 180° about (3, 2). Draw and label the new triangle S.
(e) Rotate triangle S 90° anticlockwise about (0, 0). Draw and label the new triangle T.
Write down the co-ordinates of each vertex (corner) of triangle T.

HWK 2M/2E Main Book Page 210

In questions 1 and 2 copy each diagram. Use tracing paper to find the centre of each rotation.

1 y (a) rotation of ∆A onto ∆B

5
(b) rotation of ∆A onto ∆C
4
3
B (c) rotation of ∆B onto ∆D
2
A
1
x (d) rotation of ∆C onto ∆E
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1–1 1 2 3 4 5
C D
–2
–3
–4
E
–5

2 (a) rotation of shape P onto shape Q y

(b) rotation of shape Q onto shape R 5

4
(c) rotation of shape Q onto shape S 3 P
2 S
R 1
(d) rotation of shape S onto shape T x
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1–1 1 2 3 4 5
Q
–2
–3
T –4
–5

Unit 4_8H.indd 74 8/7/2009 6:29:34 PM

 75

3 Draw axes with values from –8 to 8 and draw triangles with the following vertices:
triangle A: (–3, 3) (–3, 6) (–4, 3)
triangle B: (1, 3) (1, 4) (4, 3)
triangle C: (–3, 1) (–4, 1) (–3, –2)
triangle D: (1, –6) (–2, –7) (–2, –6)
triangle E: (2, –7) (5, –7) (5, –8)
triangle F: (3, 1) (3, 4) (4, 1)
Describe fully the following rotations or reflections.
For rotations give the angle, direction and centre. For reflections,
give the equation of the mirror line.
(a) triangle A triangle B (b) A C
(c) C D (d) B E (e) B F

HWK 3M Main Book Page 212

1 Copy this diagram. y

(a) Translate triangle A 6

6 units left and 1 unit down. 5
Label the new triangle B. 4
3 A
(b) Rotate triangle B 180° about 2
(–3, 0). Label the new triangle C. 1
x
(c) Reflect triangle C in the y-axis. –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4 5 6
Label the new triangle D. –1
–2
(d) Translate triangle D 1 unit down. –3
Label the new triangle E. –4
–5
(e) What single transformation will –6
move triangle E onto triangle A?

Unit 4_8H.indd 75 8/7/2009 6:29:35 PM

 76

2 Copy this diagram. y

(a) Rotate shape P 90° anticlockwise 5

about (0, 0). Label the new shape Q. 4
P 3
(b) Reflect shape Q in the y-axis. 2
1
Label the new shape R. x
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1–1 1 2 3 4 5
(c) Rotate shape R 90° anticlockwise –2
about (1, –2). Label the new shape S. –3
–4
(d) Reflect shape S in the y-axis. –5
Label the new shape T.
(e) Describe the single translation which will
move shape T onto shape P.

y
3 Describe fully the following transformations.
6
5 (a) triangle P onto triangle Q
4
U (b) triangle Q onto triangle R
3
P
2 (c) triangle Q onto triangle S
T 1
x (d) triangle P onto triangle T
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1–1 1 2 3 4 5 6
R (e) triangle P onto triangle U
–2
Q
–3
S (f) triangle S onto triangle U
–4
–5
–6

HWK 3E Main Book Page 214

1 Triangle P can be transformed y

onto triangle Q by a combination
of a rotation and a translation. 5
(a) Describe the rotation and the translation. 4
P 3
(b) Describe a different rotation and translation. 2
1
x
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1–1 1 2 3 4 5
–2
–3 Q
–4
–5

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2 y Describe the following transformations

which will move triangle A onto triangle B.
4
3 (a) a reflection followed by a rotation
B 2 A
(b) a rotation followed by a reflection
1
x (c) a reflection followed by a translation
–4 –3 –2 –1–1 1 2 3 4
–2
(d) a translation followed by a reflection
–3
–4

3 y Triangle A can be transformed

onto each of triangles P to T by
7
Q a combination of a rotation and a
6
S reflection (in either order).
5
4 Describe the rotation and reflection
T
3 for each triangle. (It may be
2 helpful to copy the diagram first)
1
x
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
–2 R
–3 P
A
–4
–5
–6
–7

4 Draw a shape of your own on a set of axes. Move this shape with one transformation
followed by another.
Challenge somebody in your next maths lesson to describe the two transformations you
have used. (Your diagram should have just the original shape and the final shape)

4.7 Brackets and equations

HWK 1M Main Book Page 216

In questions 1 to 6 answer true or false.

1 3(x + 2) = 3x + 5 2 5(x – 4) = 5x – 20 3 2(4x + 3) = 14x

4 6(2x – 1) = 11x 5 4(2x + 7) = 8x + 28 6 3(2x – 1) = 6x – 3

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7 Copy and complete

(a) 4(3x –
) = 12x – 8 (b) 7(
+ 3p) = 42 + 21p
(c) 3(
–
) = 15a – 24 (d)
(4 +
) = 20 + 35n

In questions 8 to 19 remove the brackets and simplify.

8 4(x + 3) + 2(x + 5) 9 5(x + 1) + 7(x + 3)

10 6(2x + 3) + 2(x + 7) 11 3(3x + 2) + 5(2x + 7)

12 4(3x + 1) + 3(5x + 2) 13 7(4x + 2) + 2(8x – 3)

14 6x + 3(2x – 1) 15 5(3x + 2) – 7x

16 4(2 + 5x) – 3x + 7 17 3 + 9(2x + 1) + 5x

18 3(4x + 3) – 4x + 2(x + 5) 19 6(3x – 2) – x + 4(2x + 3)

20 Write down an expression for the sum of the

5 areas of these two rectangles. Simplify your
3
answer.
x+4 2x + 1

21 Simplify 4(3x + 1) + 2(2x + 6) + 7(x + 8)

22 Simplify 3(5x + 4) + 4(2 + 8x) + 8(2x + 5) + 2(1 + 7x)

HWK 1E Main Book Page 217

In questions 1 to 6 answer true or false.

1 –4(x + 3) = –4x + 3 2 –8(m – 2) = –8m – 16 3 –3(n + 2) = –3n – 6

4 –9(a – 3) = –9a + 27 5 –5(2 – y) = –10 + 5y 6 –2(4 + 3p) = –8 – 6p

In questions 7 to 14 remove the brackets and simplify.

7 3(x + 4) + 2(x – 3) 8 5(2x + 3) + 3(x – 2) 9 4(2x + 6) + 3(4x – 5)

10 5(3x + 4) – 4(2x – 3) 11 6(2x – 1) + 5(3x + 2) 12 7(2x + 3) – 5(x + 3)

13 8(4x + 7) – 4(3x + 8) 14 6(5x + 9) – 2(10x – 1)

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15 5x + 4 Write down an expression for the shaded area.

Simplify your answer.

7
4

2x + 3

16 Copy and complete.

(a) 4(2x + 1) –
(x – 3) = 3x +
(b) 6(3x + 2) –
(
+ 2) = 13x + 2

In questions 17 to 19 remove the brackets and simplify.

17 4(2a + 5b) – 5(a + 2b) + 3(3a – 4b) 18 7(5m + 6n) – 4(7m – 3n) – 5(m + 3n)
19 5(2x + 9y) – 6(x + 5y) + 3(4x + 7) – 4(2x – 1)

HWK 2M Main Book Page 219

Solve the equations.

1 6a = 48 2 4y – 15 = 21 3 5p + 9 = 39 4 8c – 17 = 15
5 6m – 30 = 42 6 3n + 23 = 38 7 4a + 16 = 36 8 9y – 13 = 59
9 8x – 6 = 2 10 6n – 85 = 35 11 10m + 26 = 26 12 60 = 7y + 39
13 4m = 2 14 1 = 3y 15 x=2
4
Now solve these:

16 4x + 3 = 4 17 7 + 4m = 10 18 29 = 5y – 1 19 6 = 4 + 3n
20 9a – 10 = 35 21 6n + 14 = 14 22 6p = 4p + 1 23 17 = 5q – 7
24 10x + 3 = 8

HWK 2E Main Book Page 220

Solve the equations.

1 3(n + 5) = 36 2 6(n + 2) = 24 3 8(n – 3) = 40 4 7(2n – 3) = 49

5 4(2n + 1) = 36 6 10(n – 6) = 30 7 4(2n – 7) = 60 8 6(5n + 2) = 42

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9 2(n – 40) = 20 10 4(n + 2) = 10 11 12(2n – 1) = 4 12 7(n + 4) = 33

13 Dom has £n. He spends £20. He then looks at a £100 coat in a shop which costs five times
the money he now has left.
(a) Write down an equation involving n. (b) Find n.

Now solve these:

14 4(3n + 1) = 40 15 30 = 2(n + 6) 16 25 = 5(2n – 3)

17 90 = 3(n + 10) 18 7(2n – 9) = 7 19 120 = 8(n + 5)

20 15 = 4(2n + 3) 21 6(4 + 5n) = 114 22 2 = 3(5n – 1)

HWK 3M Main Book Page 221

In each question I am thinking of a number. Use the information to form an equation and
then solve it to find the number.

1 If we multiply the number by 4 and then subtract 6, the answer is 50.

2 If we double the number and add 15, the answer is 53.

3 If we treble the number and subtract 16, the answer is 56.

4 If we multiply the number by 5 and then add 9, the answer is 74.

5 If we multiply the number by 8 and then add 12, the answer is 16.

6 If we double the number and subtract 5, the answer is 4.

In questions 7 to 14 form an equation with brackets and then solve it to find the number.

7 If we add 7 to the number and then double the result, the answer is 58.

8 If we subtract 15 from the number and then multiply the result by 3, the answer is 48.

9 If we subtract 14 from the number and then multiply the result by 6, the answer is 66.

10 If we double the number, add 1 and then multiply the result by 3, the answer is 117.

11 If we treble the number, subtract 7 and then multiply the result by 5, the answer is 445.

12 If we multiply the number by 4, subtract 13 and then multiply the result by 2, the answer is 18.

13 If we add 7 to the number and then multiply the result by 9, the answer is 65.

14 If we treble the number, subtract 8 and then multiply the result by 3, the answer is 12.

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HWK 3E Main Book Page 222

Solve the equations.

1 6p + 10 = 4p + 16 2 7y – 3 = 4y + 18

3 4m + 7 = 2m + 11 4 10a – 12 = 5a + 18

5 6y – 32 = 2y + 28 6 8x + 13 = 6x + 23

7 10m + 14 = 6m + 66 8 5p – 27 = 2p + 33

9 2 + 5x = x + 42 10 9y – 12 = 3y

11 4n = 3n + 45 12 7p – 22 = 2p + 18

13 11 + 6a = 9a – 16 14 8m – 28 = m

15 B The sides AB and BC are equal.

Find the value of n then write down the
length of side AB, assuming all values
4n + 18 2n + 38 are in cm.

A C

Solve these equations involving brackets.

16 10(n + 4) = 9(n + 5) 17 6(n – 4) = 3(n + 2)

18 6(3n – 1) = 2(5n + 5) 19 8(n – 2) = 2(2n + 6)

20 15n + 6 = 3(4n + 3) 21 4(3n – 5) = 2(5n + 4)

22 7(n + 3) = 2(15 + 2n) 23 5(4 + 2n) = 2(3n + 10)

24 6n + 18 = 3(3n – 2) 25 5(4n – 2) = 3(12n – 6)

HWK 4E Main Book Page 222

Solve the equations.

1 4(2x – 1) = 5(x + 2) – 2 2 53 + 3(p – 2) = 4(3p + 5)

3 2(3m + 1) + 16 = 6(2m – 3) 4 5(4a – 2) = 2(5a – 35)

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5 7(2n + 5) = 3(3n – 15) 6 4y + 4 + 2y = 2(2y + 7)

7 9(2w – 7) = 12 + 3(5w + 2) 8 5(3x + 5) + 3 = 4(2x – 7)

9 7q + 3(2q – 1) = 8q + 17 10 33 + 8n = 5(4n – 3)

Now solve these.

11 2(9y – 7) = 4(3y + 2) – 4 12 16 + 20m = 8(3m – 5)

13 4(6x + 5) – 12x = 2(5x + 4) 14 7(3a – 2) = 7 + 6(2a + 7)

15 5(3n + 7) = 4(3n – 4) + 6 16 2 + 4(3p – 5) = 10(2p + 3)

HWK 5M Main Book Page 223

1 This rectangle has an area of 120 cm2. 7x + 3

Form an equation and solve it to find x.

2 If I treble a number, take away 4 and then multiply the result by 3, the answer is 51.
Find the number.

3 (a) Form an equation involving x.

3x + 26
(b) Solve the equation to find x.

(c) Write down the value of each angle

in the triangle.
x 2x + 10

4 The sum of four consecutive numbers is 114. Find the four numbers.

5 PQ and QR are the equal sides in P

3(4n + 7)
an isosceles triangle. Find the
value of n.
Q

81
R

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6 Alex has £(6n + 3) and Fiona has £(3n + 15). If they both have the same amount of money,
form an equation involving n. Solve the equation and write down how much money
Fiona has.

7 The perimeter of this rectangle is 38 cm.

(a) Form an equation involving x.
x+2
(b) Solve the equation to find x.
(c) Write down the values of the length
and width of the rectangle. 3x + 1

HWK 5E Main Book Page 224

1 The angles in a quadrilateral are x°, 3x°, (2x + 15)° and 63°. Find the angles in the
quadrilateral.

2 Dave weighs (5x + 3)kg and Angie weighs (4x + 7)kg. They weigh a total of 136 kg.
Find the value of x then write down how much each person weighs.

3 Form an equation involving x then use it to find the

value of each angle shown.

3x – 10

3x + 22
4x

2x

4 The velocity v of a particle is given by the formula v = u + at.

Find the value of t if u = 15, a = 10 and v = 105.

5 The displacement s of a particle is given by the formula s = ut + 12 at 2.

Find the value of u if a = 10, t = 6 and s = 228.

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6 The triangle and the 3x + 2

trapezium have the
same area. Find x.
60 x
6

5x + 8

7 The length of a box is three time its width.

The height of the box is 2 cm more than
its width.
String is wrapped around the box as
shown by the wavy line.
10 cm is used for tying the string.
Find the length, width and height of the
box if a total of 258 cm of string is used.

8 The sum of five consecutive even numbers is 240. Find the five numbers.

9 Gary scores x goals for his football team during one season. Wayne scores four times as
many goals as Gary. Michael scores 7 goals more than Wayne and Steve scores 3 goals
less than Wayne.
If the four players score a total of 69 goals between them, how many goals does each
player score?

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UNIT 5
5.1 Enlargement

HWK 1M/1E Main Book Page 239

1 Enlarge the two shapes shown (a) (b)

by the scale factor given.

×3 ×2

In questions 2 to 5 , look at each pair of diagrams and decide whether or not one diagram is an
enlargement of the other. For each question write the scale factor of the enlargement or write ‘not an
enlargement’.

2 3

4 5

6 3 cm A Is rectangle A an enlargement of rectangle B?

B 4.5 cm
8 cm
Explain your answer.
12 cm

7 Is triangle Q an enlargement of triangle P?

5 cm
P Explain your answer.
12.5 cm
4 cm
Q

9 cm

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8 Draw an enlargement of this picture with scale factor 2.

Shade in the letters with different colours.

9 4.5 cm x Triangle N is an enlargement of triangle M.

M 3 cm Calculate the value of x.
N
21 cm

10 2 cm 5 cm Rectangle Y is an enlargement of rectangle W.

W Calculate the area of rectangle W.
Y 17.5 cm

HWK 2M Main Book Page 242

Draw the shapes and then draw lines through corresponding points to find the centre of enlargement.
Do not draw the shapes too near the edge of the page!

1 2 3

4 5 6

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HWK 2E Main Book Page 243

1 Copy each diagram and (a) (b)

then draw an enlargement
using the scale factor and O
centre of enlargement given. O

scale factor 2 scale factor 2

2 (a) Copy this diagram. 8

7
(b) Enlarge shape A with scale factor 2 and 6
5
centre of enlargement (0, 0). 4
(c) Enlarge shape B with scale factor 4 and 3
A
2
centre of enlargement (0, 0). D 1
(d) Enlarge shape C with scale factor 3 and –9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
centre of enlargement (0, 0). C –1 B
–2
(e) Enlarge shape D with scale factor 2 and –3
–4
centre of enlargement (0, 0). –5
–6
–7
–8

3 (a) Draw an x axis from –8 to 8 and a y axis from –5 to 10. Draw triangle A with vertices at (1, 1),
(1, 4) and (3, 1).
(b) Draw triangle B, the image of triangle A under enlargement with scale factor 3, centre (5, 1).
(c) Draw triangle C, the image of triangle A under enlargement with scale factor 2, centre (–1, 3).
(d) Draw triangle D, the image of triangle B under enlargement with scale factor 1,
3
centre (–4, –5).
(e) Draw triangle E, the image of triangle C under enlargement with scale factor 1, centre (5, 9).
2
(f) Which triangles are congruent to triangle A?
(g) Write down the ratio of the area of triangle B to the area of triangle C in its simplest form.

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5.2 Sequences and formulas

HWK 1M Main Book Page 247

1 Copy and complete these mapping diagrams for finding sequence rules.

(a) Term (b) Term

3n Term 6n Term
number (n) number (n)
1 3 5 1 6 7
2 6 8 2 12 13
3 9 11 3 18 19
4 12 14 4 24 25
$ $ $ $ $ $
10 20
$ $ $ $ $ $
n 3n 3n + 2 n

(c) Term (d) Term

4n Term 2n Term
number (n) number (n)
1 4 1 1 2 8
2 8 5 2 4 10
3 12 9 3 6 12
4 16 13 4 8 14
$ $ $ $ $ $
25 50
$ $ $ $ $ $
n n

2 Here you are given the nth term. Copy and complete the diagrams.

(a) Term (b) Term

5n Term 6n Term
number (n) number (n)
1 5 12 1 6 2
2 2
3 3
4 4
$ $ $ $ $ $
n 5n 5n + 7 n 6n 6n – 4

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(c) (d)
Term Term
9n Term 12n Term
number (n) number (n)
1 9 1
2 2
5 6
10 8
$ $ $ $ $ $
n 9n 9n – 1 n 12n 12n + 3

3 4n – 1 n+4 2n n–1 3n + 2 4n
Write down each sequence below and match it to the correct expression for the nth term
shown above
(a) 4, 8, 12, 16, … (b) 3, 7, 11, 15, … (c) 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, … (d) 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, …
4 Callum is on the beach collecting shells.
After 1 hour he has collected 15 shells.
After 2 hours he has 25 shells.
After 3 hours he has 35 shells.
After 4 hours he has 45 shells.
(a) How many shells do you expect him to have after 5 hours?
(b) Answer true or false. ‘After n hours he will have (15n + 10) shells’.

HWK 1E Main Book Page 249

Remember: T(1) means ‘the first term’

T(2) means ‘the second term’
…. and so on.

1 For the sequence 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, … write down

(a) T(3) (b) T(5) (c) T(10)

2 The nth term of a sequence is T(n) and T(n) = 4n – 1.

Write down the values of:
(a) T(1) (b) T(4) (c) T(20)

3 The nth term of a sequence is T(n) and T(n) = 3n + 5.

Find (a) T(3) (b) T(7) (c) T(15)

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4 Write the first five terms of the sequence where T(n) is:
(a) 2n + 9 (b) 3n – 6 (c) n2 + 3 (d) n3
5 Copy and complete:
(a) 8, 11, 14, 17, … T(n) = 3n +

(b) 11, 13, 15, 17, … T(n) = 2n +

(c) 1, 6, 11, 16, … T(n) = 5n –

(d) 3, 13, 23, 33, … T(n) = 10n –

6 Find the nth term T(n) for the sequence

6, 10, 14, 18, …
7 Find the nth term T(n) for the sequence
3, 11, 19, 27, …
8 Find the value of n if:
(a) T(n) = 4n – 3 and T(n) = 21
(b) T(n) = 5n + 4 and T(n) = 39
(c) T(n) = 12 – 5n and T(n) = –8

HWK 2M Main Book Page 251

1 Look at the sequence 5, 8, 11, 14, … n 3n term

The difference between terms is 3. 1 3 5
Copy the table which has a column for 3n. 2 6 8
Copy and complete: 3 9 11

‘The nth term of the sequence is 3n + .’ 4 12 14

2 Look at each sequence and the table underneath. Find the nth term in each case.
(a) Sequence 8, 13, 18, 23, … (b) Sequence 2, 6, 10, 14, …

n 5n term n 4n term
1 5 8 1 4 2
2 10 13 2 6
3 18 3 10
4 23 4 14

nth term = nth term =

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3 Look at the sequence 5, 7, 9, 11, …

Write down the difference between terms.
Make a table like those in question 2 and use it to find the nth term.
4 Write down each sequence in a table and then find the nth term.
(a) 2, 8, 14, 20, … (b) 10, 13, 16, 19, … (c) 13, 22, 31, 40, …
th
5 Now find the n term of these sequences.
(a) –19, –11, –3, 5, 13, … (b) 49, 43, 37, 31, 25, … (c) 1 23, 2 13, 3, 3 23, …

6 One fence panel has 4 vertical strips of wood.

Two fence panels joined together as shown have 7 vertical strips.
Three fence panels joined together are shown.
(a) How many vertical strips do 3 fence panels have?
(b) Draw four fence panels joined together.
(c) How many vertical strips do 4 fence panels have?
(d) How many vertical strips do 5 fence panels have?
(e) Copy and fill in the empty box:
‘The number of vertical strips for n fence panels is 3n + ’

HWK 2E Main Book Page 253

In these questions you are given a sequence of shapes made from sticks or dots. If you need to,
make a table to help you find the nth term of the sequence.

1 A pattern of sticks is made as shown below.

Shape number: n=1 n=2 n=3

Number of sticks: 4 7 10
Draw shape number 4 and shape number 5. How many sticks are there in the nth term?
2 Here is a pattern made with dots.

Shape number: n=1 n=2 n=3

Number of dots: 3 5 7
th
Draw the next diagram in the sequence. How many dots are there in the n term?

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3 Here is another pattern made with dots.

Shape number: n=1 n=2 n=3

Number of dots: 5 9 13
Draw the next diagram in the sequence. How many dots are there in the nth term?

4 Here is a sequence of hexagons made from sticks.

Shape number: n=1 n=2 n=3

Number of sticks: 6 11 16
th
Draw shape number 4. How many sticks are there in the n term?

5 Here is another pattern made with dots.

Shape number: n=1 n=2 n=3

Number of dots: 5 8 11
Draw the next diagram in the sequence. How many dots are there in the nth term?

6 Design your own sequence of shapes using sticks or dots which has an nth term
equal to 2n + 6.

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5.3 Applying mathematics in a range of contexts 2

HWK 1M/2M/3M/4M/5M Main Book Page 257

chocolates toffees
£2.85 for 200 g £2.15 for 150 g

Meryl buys 170 g of chocolates and 220 g of toffees.

Marston buys 225 g of chocolates and 170 g of toffees.
Who spends more and by how much?
2 Megan wants to enlarge photo A so that 7.6 cm A B h
it will fit perfectly into frame B
with no gaps around the edges. Find the height 12.4 cm
of frame B. 18.6 cm

3 Joshua buys 12 wooden posts each of length 2 15 m. He also buys 7 posts of length 123 m.
What is the total weight of all 19 posts if one metre of this wood weighs 5.6 kg.
4 Ben has read five sevenths of his book. He has 90 pages left to read. How many pages are
there in the book in total?
6.5 m
5 Amy tiles her kitchen floor with square tiles of
side 50 cm. She buys the tiles in packs of 15.
Each pack costs £37.60.
6m (a) How much will it cost to tile the floor?

1m
(b) How many tiles will she have left over if she
2.5 m does not break any?
1.5 m
2.5 m

6 A ‘Texas’ shirt was £22 cheaper than a ‘Winchester’ shirt. The cost of each type of shirt is
increased by £6 so that the cost of a ‘Winchester’ shirt is now double the cost of a ‘Texas’
shirt. What is the cost of a Winchester shirt now?
7 Simon and Kim drink a lot of tea and water when they are at work. Each day Simon drinks
one more cup of tea than cups of water. Each day Kim drinks twice as many cups of tea as
cups of water. They work for ten days during a fortnight and drink a total of 140 cups of tea
and 90 cups of water. If they each drink the same number of cups of tea each day and the
same number of cups of water each day, how many cups of tea does Simon drink each day
and how many cups of tea does Kim drink each day?

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8 A ball of radius 15 cm rolls down a hill. The ball

makes 88 complete rotations. For how many
metres does the ball roll? Give your answer to 15 cm
the nearest cm.

S T
9 RSTUXY is a regular hexagon.
PQRY and UVWX are squares.
Find the value of PŶX.
R U

Q V

Y X

P W

5.4 Pythagoras’ theorem

HWK 1M/1E Main Book Page 265

Use Pythagoras’ theorem in this exercise and give answers correct to 2 decimal places. The units
are cm unless you are told otherwise.

1 Find the side marked with a letter.

a 40 12 6.8
12 b 7
25

5 30 d

f
7.9 8.4
10.6
5.8 17
18 9.3 g
e h
4.7

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2 29 inches Calculate the length of the diagonal of this

rectangular TV screen.

14 inches

3 Calculate the area of this triangle.

50 cm

14 cm
4 A ladder of length 6 cm rests against a vertical wall, with its foot 2.3 m from the wall. Will
the ladder reach a window which is 5.5 m above the ground? Explain your answer.
5 Find the value of x if this square has a diagonal of length 17 cm.
x

x
6 A balloon flies 25 miles north and then a further 18 miles west. How far is the balloon from
its starting point?
7 8 cm Calculate the area of this isosceles triangle.

7 cm 7 cm

HWK 2E Main Book Page 269

Give answers correct to 2 decimal places if necessary.

1 Find the length x. All lengths are in cm.

5
(a) (b) (c)
x
x 10
6 6
14

16 4
7 x
13

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 96

9 cm 5 cm
2 B C ABCD is a parallelogram. The area of a parallelogram is
found using base × height
8 cm
Calculate the area of ABCD.

A D
B C
3 (a) Use triangle PQS to find the length of QS.

3 cm (b) Use triangle BSQ to find the length of BS.

A D
Q R
6 cm
P S
9 cm
Y
4 Find the length of the diagonal XY in the cuboid
opposite.
4 cm
9 cm
X
10 cm
5 Find the length of the longest pencil which would fit into a rectangular box measuring
15 cm × 9 cm × 4 cm.
3x
6 Calculate the value of x.

30 cm 4x

5.5 Drawing and using graphs

HWK 1M/1E Main Book Page 272

For each question, complete a table then draw the graph using the scales given.
1 y = 2x + 2 for x-values from 0 to 5
2x + 2 means x ×2 +2

x 0 1 2 3 4 5 (x-axis: use 1 cm for 1 unit

y 10 y-axis: use 1 cm for 2 units)

coordinates (4, 10)

Unit 5_&_6_8H.indd 96 8/7/2009 3:03:30 PM

 97

2 y = 3x + 1 for x-values from 0 to 5

3x + 1 means x ×3 +1
(x-axis: 1 cm for 1 unit, y-axis: 1 cm for 2 units)
3 y = 21 x + 2 for x-values from 0 to 6
1 x × 12 +2
2x + 2 means
(x-axis: 1 cm for 1 unit, 2 cm for 1 unit)
4 Draw 3x + y = 6; take x values from 0 to 4.
5 On the same graph, draw the lines y = 1.5x – 4
y = 16 x
x + 2y = 8
Take x-values from 0 to 8. Write down the coordinates of the three vertices of the
triangle formed.

HWK 2M Main Book Page 275

1 Using the same axes, draw the graphs of y = 3x – 1, y = 3x – 3, y = 3x and y = 3x + 3.

Write down what you notice about each line and its equation.
(Clues: where do the lines cut the y-axis? – are the lines parallel?)
2 Three of the lines below are parallel. Write down the equation of the line which is not parallel
to the other lines.

y = 4x + 1 y = 3x + 4 y = 4x – 2 y = 4x + 4

3 Draw the graph of y = x2 + 2 using x-values from 0 to 4.

4 State which of the following represent straight line graphs:

y = x2 – 3 y = 4x + 2 y = 5x – 3 y = 3x2

5 Write down the coordinates of the point where y = 5x – 7 cuts the y-axis.

6 Write down the equations of 3 lines which would y

make a diagram like the one shown opposite.

Unit 5_&_6_8H.indd 97 8/7/2009 3:03:31 PM

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HWK 2E Main Book Page 276

In questions 1 to 10 you are given the coordinates of several points on a line. Find the equation
of each line.

1 x 1 2 3 4 5 2 x 1 2 3 4 5
y 5 6 7 8 9 y 5 10 15 20 25

3 x 10 12 14 16 18 4 x 20 19 18 17 16
y 4 6 8 10 12 y 0 1 2 3 4

5 x 2 4 6 8 10 6 x 1 2 3 4 5
y 16 32 48 64 80 y 1 3 5 7 9

7 x 1 2 3 4 5 8 x 1 2 3 4 5
y 5 7 9 11 13 y 2 5 8 11 14

9 x 1 2 3 4 5 10 x 1 2 3 4 5
y 7 12 17 22 27 y 11 13 15 17 19

y
11 Find the equation of the line through
4
Q (a) R and Q (b) P and Q (c) P and R
3 P
2
1 R
0 x
0 1 2 3 4

y
12 Find the equation of the line through
10 (a) P and R (b) U and R
9
(c) T and S (d) Q and S
8 Q
7 (e) P and Q
6 R
5
4 P
3
S
2 U
1
T
x
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Unit 5_&_6_8H.indd 98 8/7/2009 3:03:31 PM

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HWK 3E Main Book Page 278

Draw the graph for each equation in questions 1 to 4 .

1 y = x2 + 4 for x values from –3 to +3.
2 y = x2 + 2x for x values from –3 to +3.
3 y = (x – 1)2 for x values from –2 to +4.
4 y = x2 – 6x + 9 for x values from 0 to 6.
5 Draw the graphs of y = (x + 2)2 and y = x + 3 for values of x from –4 to +1. Write down the
x coordinates, correct to 1 decimal place, of the two points where the line cuts the curve.

HWK 4M Main Book Page 279

1 One gallon is approximately 4.5 litres.

(a) Draw axes, as shown, with a scale of 1 cm for 1 gallon gallons
and 1 cm for 5 litres. Draw a ‘×’ where 45 litres are
equal to 10 gallons. Draw another ‘×’ at (0, 0). 10 × (45, 10)

(b) Draw a long straight line through the two points

above and use your graph to convert:
(i) 2 gallons into litres (ii) 37.5 litres into gallons
(c) Ben puts 13.5 litres of petrol into his car. This costs
him £15.45. Use your graph to help you calculate the litres
cost of 1 gallon of petrol. 45

2 A man climbing a mountain measures his height above sea level after every 30 minutes; the
results are shown below.
height above sea level (m)
2400
2200
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0 time of day
09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00
(a) At what height was he at 10:00 h? (f) At what two times was he 2200 m above sea
(b) At what height was he at 13:30 h? level?
(c) Estimate his height above sea level at 09:45 h. (g) How high was the mountain? (He got to the top!)
(d) Estimate his altitude at 10:45 h. (h) How long did he rest at the summit?
(e) Estimate his height above sea level at 13:45 h. (i) How long did he take to reach the summit?

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3 Two tool hire firms charge the following amounts for the hire of a large tile cutter.

Whitings
Howarths
£30 fixed charge
£30 per day
plus £20 per day

cost (£)
(a) Draw axes for the number of days hired and the cost.
160
(b) Use the axes to draw a graph for each tool hire firm
to show the cost for up to 5 days.
(c) Which tool hire firm is the cheaper to use for 4 days?
(d) For how many days hire do both firms charge the
same amount?

5
number of days

5.6 Using ratios

HWK 1M Main Book Page 281

1 30:18 is the same as 5:3 because both numbers can be divided by 6.

Write these ratios in a more simple form.
(a) 32:12 (b) 20:120 (c) 15:40 (d) 12:18:36
(e) 21:35 (f) 54:36 (g) 28:16:32 (h) 18:45:27

2 There are 90 boys and 70 girls on the school field. Write down the ratio of boys to girls
in its simplest form.
3 The Carlton family have three times as many rabbits as dogs. Write down the ratio of
rabbits to dogs.
4 The ratio of men to women in a drama group is 5:3. If there are 20 men, how many
women are there?
5 Write down the ratio of noughts to crosses in its simplest form.

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 101

6 Charlie has cartons of juice in a large box. The ratio of orange to apple is 3:4.
If Charlie has 18 cartons of orange juice, how many cartons of apple juice does he have?
7 Toni has some felt tip pens. The colours red to blue to green are in the ratio 5:2:3.
If Toni has 12 green pens, how many red pens does she have and how many blue pens
does she have?
8 Margaret and Kelly go out on their bikes one day. The ratio of the distances they
travel is 7:12. Kelly travels the furthest. If Kelly travels 36 km, how far does
Margaret travel?
9 If 73 of the animals in a vet’s surgery are cats and the rest are dogs, what is the ratio of
cats to dogs?
10 The ratio of boys to girls in a class is 4:5. What fraction of the class are boys?

HWK 1E Main Book Page 283

1 Nick and Beth share a bag of 32 toffees in the ratio 3:5. How many toffees does each
person get?

2 Some red and blue paint is mixed together in the ratio 7:2. If 27 litres of paint is used in total,
how much of each colour paint is used?

3 Share each quantity in the ratio given.

(a) £800, 3:7 (b) £144, 7:5 (c) £1500, 3:1:6

4 In Jennifer’s workshop, the ratio of nails to screws is 9:5. If there are 450 screws, how many
nails are there?

5 The angles in a triangle are in the ratio 4:3:2.

Find the size of the largest angle.

6 Find the smallest share in each of these problems.

(a) £48, ratio 5:11 (b) 320 kg, ratio 5:2:3
7 The marks in an exam are given for three different parts in the ratio 11:5:4.
The maximum mark for the exam is 100. Write down the maximum marks which
can be awarded for each part of the exam.
8 Hugo and Ellie’s mother gives them £80 in the ratio 7:9. Hugo gets the smallest share.
Hugo owes Ellie £15 and so he gives her this money. Write down the ratio of Hugo’s
money to Ellie’s money now. Write the ratio in its simplest form.

Unit 5_&_6_8H.indd 101 8/7/2009 3:03:32 PM

 102

9 p q
b

r
a c

Angles in the triangle above are in the Angles in the triangle above are in the
ratio 5:4:3. Angle b is the middle sized ratio 3:1:5. Angle p is the middle sized
angle. angle. Angle r is the largest angle.

Find the size of angle r if angle p is equal in size to angle b.

HWK 2E Main Book Page 284

1 The sides of a rectangle are in the ratio 7:3. The perimeter of the rectangle is 40 cm.
Find the area of the rectangle.
2 The ratio of Wayne’s weight to Caroline’s weight is 3:2. How much does Wayne weigh if
he weighs 20 kg more than Caroline?
3 The ratio of children to adults in a room is 2:5. Amongst the adults the ratio of men to
women is 3:4. Find the ratio of children to men.

area = 21 cm2 area = 36 cm2

The shaded area to the unshaded area in the triangle is in the ratio 1:2. The shaded area to
the unshaded area in the trapezium is in the ratio 4:5. Find the ratio of the total shaded area
to the total unshaded area.
5 Find y if y:20 = 5:y

6 A rectangular photo measures 18 cm by 7 cm. The lengths are enlarged in the ratio 2:3.
What is the ratio of the area of the original photo to the area of the enlarged photo?
7 Beer and lemonade is mixed in the ratio 3:2 to make a shandy. 5% of the beer is alcohol.
What percentage of the shandy is alcohol?
8 The ratio m:n = 2:7 and the ratio n:p = 3:5. Find the ratio m:p.

Unit 5_&_6_8H.indd 102 8/7/2009 3:03:32 PM

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HWK 3M/3E Main Book Page 286

1 The scale of a map is 1:100 000. The distance between 2 towns on a map is 8 cm.
What is the actual distance in kilometres between the two towns?
2 Find the actual distance in metres between two pylons which are 2 cm apart on a map whose
scale is 1:10 000.
3 The length of a field on a map is 1.5 cm. Find the actual length of the field if the map scale
is 1:40 000.
4 Two cities are 6.5 cm apart on a map and the scale of the map is 1:2 000 000.
What is the actual distance between the two cities?
5 A map has a scale of 1:50 000. The distance from Tom’s house to the ‘Red Bull’ pub is 3 cm
and the distance from Tom’s house to the ‘White Horse’ pub is 5.5 cm. How many kilometres
further from Tom’s house is the White Horse than the Red Bull?
6 Colin and Adele are hiking. They fix their positions and are 12 km from each other.
How far is this on a map if the scale is 1:200 000?
7 Two ships are 30 km apart from each other. How far is this on a map if the scale is 1:50 000?
8 Map A has a scale of 1:200 000. Map B has a scale of 1:50 000. Two villages are 8 cm apart
on map A. How far apart will the two villages be on map B?
9 Bristol and Wells are 16 cm apart on map A with a scale of 1:200 000. How far apart would
they be on map B with a scale of 1:500 000?
10 (a) The area of a lake on a map is 18 cm2. Work out the actual area of the lake if the scale
of the map is 1:40 000. (Be careful!)
(b) What is the area of the same lake on a map with a scale of 1:50 000?

5.7 Congruent shapes, tessellation

HWK 1M Main Book Page 288

1 Decide which shapes are congruent pairs. (You can use tracing paper)
A
B C D E

G
J H
I F

N
K
L M
P

Unit 5_&_6_8H.indd 103 8/7/2009 3:03:32 PM

 104

2 Draw a pentagon (5 sided shape) then draw a congruent pentagon.

3 Draw a hexagon (6 sided shape) then draw a congruent hexagon.

4 B
Q

R
C

D P S
The two shapes above are congruent. Sam says that side AD is equal to side SR.
Is Sam correct?
5 Draw and colour a design which uses at least 3 different types of congruent shape.

HWK 2M Main Book Page 290

1 Draw any quadrilateral (4 sided shape) on paper or card and cut it out. Use this template to
draw a tessellation and colour in this pattern.
2 Draw another tessellation pattern using at least
two different shapes. Colour in this pattern.
An example is shown opposite.

Unit 5_&_6_8H.indd 104 8/7/2009 3:03:32 PM

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UNIT 6
6.1 More Algebra

HWK 1M Main Book Page 302

Solve the equations.

1 5x – 3 = 17 2 7 + 4x = 35 3 86 = 9x – 4 4 44 = 12 + 8x
5 19 = 7n – 16 6 4 = 7x + 3 7 9x – 4 = 3 8 3x – 2 = – 4
9 7 = 2x + 15 10 5 – x = 11 11 5 = 20 – 3x 12 1 = 2 + 6x
Now solve these equations.
13 8x – 6 = 6x + 2 14 4x + 27 = 2x + 45 15 5x + 45 = 9x – 15
16 5x – 16 = 2x + 14 17 7x + 33 = 54 + 4x 18 4x – 3 = 1 – x
19 7x + 4 = 2 – 4x 20 8 – 3x = 3 + 3x 21 5 – 2x = 6x – 2
22 3 – 2x = 5x + 17 23 9x + 8 = 18 + 11x 24 6 – 4x = 3 – 6x

HWK 1E Main Book Page 303

Solve the equations.

1 x=6 2 7=x 3 –3 = x 4 4x = 8
4 5 7 5
5 x = –9 6 1 = 5x 7 3x = –2 8 2=9
6 3 4 x
9 7=5 10 6=3 11 –4 = 3 12 20 = – 13
x x 4 x x
Now solve these equations.
13 x + 4 = 6 14 7 + x = 10 15 x–3=3 16 5x – 1 = 0
2 4 7 6
17 2x + 3 = 4 18 1x – 9 = 2 19 5–x=2 20 7 + 3x = 13
5 4 3 4
21 5 –3=4 22 6+5=4 23 10 – 4 = 13 24 4 +6=1
x x x 3x

HWK 2M Main Book Page 304

Solve the equations.

1 5(x + 3) = 2(2x + 11) 2 7(x + 6) = 11(2x – 3) 3 4(2x – 3) = 3(2 + 2x)
4 3(4x + 1) = 9(2x – 1) 5 8(2x – 7) = 2x 6 6(x + 9) = 3(8 + 3x)

Unit 5_&_6_8H.indd Sec1:105 8/7/2009 3:03:33 PM

 106

7 3(3x + 5) = 29(x – 5) 8 10(9 + 2x) = 33(x – 2) 9 4(2x + 1) – 2(x + 4) = 0

10 5(x – 4) – 2 = 3(3 – x) 11 6(2x + 3) – (3x + 2) = 0 12 5 + 2(4x + 3) = 6
13 3(2x + 5) + 2(3 – x) = 5x 14 8x – 3(x – 3) = 2x 15 3x – 4(2x + 5) = 2x

HWK 2E Main Book Page 305

In each question, I am thinking of a number. Use the information to form an equation and then solve
it to find the number.
1 If I subtract 3 from the number and then multiply the result by 6, the answer is 14.

2 If I treble the number and then add 5, the answer is 3.

3 If I double the answer, subtract 5 and then treble the result, the answer is 6.

4 If I multiply the number by 5, add 2 and then double the result, the answer is 7.

5 If I multiply the number by 6 and subtract 7, I get the same answer as when I add 4 to the
number and then treble the result.
6 If I add 3 to the number and then multiply the result by 5, I get the same answer as when I
subtract 2 from the number and then treble the result.
7 If I treble the number, subtract 2 and then multiply the result by 4, the answer I get is the
same as when I treble the number and add 14.
8 If I multiply the number by 4, add 1 and then multiply the result by 5, the answer I get is the
same as when I double the number and subtract 4.
9 If I subtract the number from 4 and then multiply the result by 3, I get the same answer as
when I add 3 to the number and then multiply the result by 7.
10 If I treble the number, add 7 and then divide the result by 2, I get the same answer as when I
subtract the number from 3 and then treble the result.

HWK 3M/3E Main Book Page 306

1 Q PQ = QR in this isosceles triangle.

All measurements are in cm.
(a) Find x
5x – 7 3x + 9
(b) Find the perimeter of the triangle.

P R
x

Unit 5_&_6_8H.indd Sec1:106 8/7/2009 3:03:33 PM

 107

2 Football shorts cost £2x and football shirts cost £(3x + 2). Two pairs of shorts and three shirts
cost £162 in total. Find the cost of one shirt.
3 Maurice is 40 years younger than his father. In 15 years time his father will be three times as
old as Maurice. How old is Maurice now?
4 Not to
scale
3 4

8x + 4 12 – x

The area of the triangle is twice the area of the rectangle. Find the area of the triangle.
All lengths are in cm.
5 The sum of five consecutive whole numbers is 355. Find the five numbers.

6 Rachel delivers newspapers each day. She starts with 81 newspapers. She delivers 2x
newspapers on Stanley Street and (x – 3) papers on Cumberland Drive. She then has x
newspapers remaining. How many newspapers did she deliver on Cumberland Drive?

7 Q Angle Q is the difference between angles S and P.

Find the values of the four angles in this quadrilateral.
P
2x + 9

3x + 32
x – 26
S
R

8 The perimeter of this isosceles triangle is (8x + 5) cm.

Find the value of the perimeter if one of the equal sides is 25 cm long.

(2x – 3) cm

9 In this number wall the number in each 2

brick is found by adding the numbers in
the two bricks below. Find the value of n.

4 –3 n –1 n

Unit 5_&_6_8H.indd Sec1:107 8/7/2009 3:03:33 PM

 108

6.2 Volume of objects

HWK 1M/1E Main Book Page 311

1 Which cuboid
has the larger
volume and
by how much?

Q 7 cm
6 cm P 11 cm
15 cm
14 cm
12 cm

2 Find the volume of this solid by splitting it 7

into three cuboids. All lengths are in cm. 18 5

10 cm 7
11 3

10 7

18

3 This water tank is full of water.

0.5 m Hannah uses 0.32 m3 of water.
What volume of water is left in the tank?

1.5 m

1m

4 The entrance to a 300 m tunnel is shown opposite.

Work out the volume of the tunnel.
4m

5.5 m

Unit 5_&_6_8H.indd Sec1:108 8/7/2009 3:03:33 PM

 109

5 Find the length x for each cuboid.

(a) (b) (c)
3 cm

x x
9m
10 cm
6 cm 15 m x
volume = 90 cm3 x
volume = 490 cm3
volume = 810 m3

6 (a) Draw a net for this cuboid.

(b) Work out the volume of this cuboid.
(c) Work out the total surface area of this cuboid.

4 cm
7 cm

5 cm

7 2m The container on a lorry is shown opposite.

Sand is tipped into the lorry at a rate of 0.2 m3
per minute.
5m
How long does it take to completely fill the
3m container with sand?
8 How many small cubes of side 0.1 m will fit into a large cube of side 2.4 m?

9 (a) Write down an expression for the volume

of this cuboid. 3c
(b) Write down an expression for the total
surface area of the cuboid. 3b
2a
10 (a) Write down an expression
for the difference in the 8p
6p
volumes of these two cuboids.
(b) Write down an expression
for the difference in the 4n 6n
total surface areas of these
5m 3m
two cuboids.

Unit 5_&_6_8H.indd Sec1:109 8/7/2009 3:03:33 PM

 110

HWK 2M Main Book Page 315

Reminder: volume of a prism = (area of cross section) × (length)

Find the volume of each prism.

1 2 3
6 cm 9 cm
3 cm
8 cm 7 cm 10 cm
9 cm 4 cm
6 cm 12 cm 7 cm

4 5 6 7 cm
12 cm 14 cm

6 cm 16 cm 4 cm 5 cm 10 cm
15 cm
5 cm
8 cm
11 cm

7 prism A Which prism prism B

has the larger
18 cm volume and by 15 cm
how much?
7 cm 16 cm
22 cm
7 cm
9 cm

20 cm

HWK 2E Main Book Page 316

1 Find the capacity, in litres, of a rectangular oil tank with internal dimensions 70 cm
by 25 cm by 1.2 m. (1 litre = 1000 cm3)

2 Find the height h of this triangular prism if the

volume is 2160 m3.
8m

h
30 m

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 111

3 This container is full of water. The water leaks out

of a hole in the bottom at a rate of 30 ml/sec.
52 cm How long will it take for the container to become
empty? (1 ml = 1 cm3)
12 cm 60 cm

14 cm 10 m
4 The front of this bridge is a semicircle cut 8m
from a rectangle. 1 m3 of the stone used to
make the bridge weighs 1150 kg.
Calculate the weight of the stone used to
make the complete bridge. 5m
(give your answer to the nearest kg)

5 23 cm These two prisms have the

same volumes. Find the
12 cm
value of x.
8 cm x 4 cm

4 cm

6 John owns a house with a volume of 1280 m3. He wants to

extend the house backwards using the entire cross section so
4m
that the volume of the house increases by 15%.
How far will he extend the house backwards?

6m

10 m

HWK 3M Main Book Page 318

Give answers correct to 3 significant figures where necessary.

1 Find the volume of a cylinder of radius 4 cm and length 9 cm.
2 Find the volume of each prism.
(a) (b)
5 cm
5 cm
15 cm 26 cm 18 cm

Unit 5_&_6_8H.indd Sec1:111 8/7/2009 3:03:34 PM

 112

3m 2.4 m
3 Which cylinder has the larger volume and
by how much?
7m
A
8.5 m
B

4 Calculate the volume of this prism.

8 cm
16 cm
14 cm

5 This slice of pie is cut from a circular pie of diameter 20 cm

30° and thickness 5 cm. Calculate the volume of this slice.

HWK 3E Main Book Page 319

Give answers correct to 3 significant figures where necessary.

1 A cylindrical glass has a diameter of 7.5 cm and a height of 10 cm. How many times
can the glass be filled completely with juice from a rectangular carton measuring
21 cm × 13 cm × 8 cm?

2 A rubber washer has an outside diameter of 18 mm and an inside

diameter of 12 mm. Calculate the volume of the washer if its
thickness is 3 mm.

3 Calculate the radius of a cylinder of height 12 cm which has a volume of 1550 cm3.

4 The cylinder is full of milk. All the 9 cm

milk is poured into the rectangular
metal box. How far from the top of the
8 cm box does the milk go up to?
P Q 5 cm

5 cm
5 cm

Unit 5_&_6_8H.indd Sec1:112 8/7/2009 3:03:35 PM

 113

5 A 4 cm × 4 cm × 2 cm slab of chocolate is melted then made into twenty thin

cylindrical chocolate sticks of diameter 4 mm. If 10% of the chocolate is wasted
during the process, what is the length of one chocolate stick?
h

20 cm
6 This rectangular piece of paper wraps perfectly around a
tin can with no gaps at the top or bottom. Calculate the
volume of the can.
7 cm

6.3 Percentages 2

HWK 1M Main Book Page 322

(a) Start in the top left box.

(b) Change the number to a fraction, decimal or % as required.
(c) Find this answer in the top corner of another box.
(d) Write down the letter in that box.
(e) Repeat steps (b), (c) and (d) until you arrive at the top left box.
(f) Write down the message.

7 28% 37.5% 0.095

20
D R K U

1 3
2 8

0.375 22.5% 14% 38%

E G M W
4
25

Unit 5_&_6_8H.indd Sec1:113 8/7/2009 3:03:35 PM

 114

13 31 17 1
33 3 %
20 50 100
T L S H
9
1000

0.16 0.15 0.02 0.05

A T O R

1
3

0.01 2 3.2 85%

5
O M N D

7 3 fraction
25 4

0.25 0.04 0.9%

S E H

( 25 – 14 ) 19
50

0.45 11
50
A O

( 45 – 34 )

HWK 2M Main Book Page 323

You may use a calculator. Give all answers to one decimal place.
1 8 people out of 15 in a rugby team are more than 6 feet tall. What percentage of the team are
more than 6 feet tall?
2 What percentage of these faces are ‘smiley’?

Unit 5_&_6_8H.indd Sec1:114 8/7/2009 3:03:35 PM

 115

3 17 out of 163 people thought that ‘Little Britain’ was the best comedy programme ever.
What percentage of the people was this?
4 A 150 g chocolate bar contains 59 g fat and 12 g fibre. What percentage of the
chocolate bar is not fat or fibre?
5 The table shows how many children wear Boys Girls Total
glasses in Year 8 at Denton High School.
(a) What percentage of the girls wear wear glasses 17 28 45
glasses? do not wear glasses 74 102 176
(b) What percentage of all the children do
Total 91 130 221
not wear glasses?

6 Work out the following, giving each answer correct to the nearest penny.
(a) 3.2% of £39 (b) 6.5% of £73 (c) 3.9% of £16.80
7 Increase £52.46 by 7.3%. Give your answer correct to the nearest penny.

8 Three basketball players are shooting baskets.

successes total attempts
Their success rate is shown opposite.
(a) Who had the highest percentage rate Jason 39 143
of success? Cheryl 48 170
(b) What was the percentage difference in
success rates between Cheryl and Mike? Mike 27 71

9 Men Women Total One day a supermarket records the ages of the
shoppers. This information is shown in the
under 21 174 263 437 table.
21 to 65 320 419 739 (a) What percentage of the men were over 65?
over 65 211 306 517 (b) What percentage of the people were 21 to
Total 705 988 1693 65 years old?
(c) What percentage of the women were 65 or
under 65 years old?

HWK 2E Main Book Page 325

In questions 1 to 4 multiply by a single decimal to find each answer.

1 (a) Increase £720 by 9%. (ie. work out 720 × 1.09)

(b) Increase 930 kg by 4%.
(c) Decrease 4700 m by 3.5%.
2 A bus fare of £6 is increased by 6%. What is the new bus fare?

3 A farmer owns 530 hectares of land. The farmer sells 32% of his land. What is the area of
land that he now owns?

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4 A rock star sells 1360 000 albums during one year. Sales increase by 17% during the
following year. How many albums does the rock star sell during the following year?
5 p = a3
b
(a) Calculate, to 3 s.f., the value of p when a = 510 and b = 4.
(b) Calculate the new value of p if a is increased by 12% and b is decreased by 28%.

12 cm 15 cm

19 cm
(a) Find the difference between the area of the triangle and the area of the circle.
(b) The diameter of the circle is increased by 14%. The height of the triangle is increased by
20% and the base of the triangle is decreased by 6%. Find the difference now between the
area of the triangle and the area of the circle.
7 A company makes kitchen units. In one year, production costs are £784 000 and transport
costs are £329 000.
45% of production costs are for raw materials and the remainder are machine costs. In the
following year, the cost of raw materials rises by 18%, machine costs increase by 7% and
transport costs rise by 14%.

What is the overall increase in costs for this company during the following year?

8 Week 1 Week 7
All prices All prices
increase by 8% decrease by 8%

A shop increases all its prices in week 1 then, due to poor sales, decreases the prices
in week 7. A jacket costs £76 at the start of week 1. How much will the jacket cost at
the end of week 7?
9 Paula’s car is worth £7000. One year later it loses 14% of its value.
(a) How much is the car worth now?
(b) It loses 14% of this new value during the following year. How much is the car worth at
the end of that year?

10 Terry invests £5000 in a building society for 4 years.

Each year his money makes 4% interest on the amount

4% in his account at the start of that year. How much money

will Terry have after 4 years?

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6.4 Probability

HWK 1M Main Book Page 327

1 With this spinner find the probability of getting:

4
(a) a 5 (b) a multiple of 4
9 5
(c) a prime number (d) not an even number?
8 6
7

2 The probability of Sid’s dog barking sometime in the morning is 0.97. What is the probability
of Sid’s dog not barking sometime in the morning?
3 A dice is thrown. What is the probability of getting:
(a) a 3 (b) a number less than 5 (c) a square number?

4
T A S
N T
A I
F C

One card is chosen from above at random. Find the probability of getting:
(a) an ‘S’ (b) not a ‘T’ (C) a vowel

5 47% of the children in Year 8 in Colne Community School are boys. When Year 8 walk into
an assembly, what is the probability that the first child to arrive will be a girl?

6
π = 3 . 1 4 1 5 9 2 6

One digit is chosen at random from the digits shown above. What is the probability of
selecting:
(a) the digit ‘1’ (b) a digit which is not a prime number?

7 Two boxes contain discs as shown.

(a) One disc is removed from box
E A S Y M A T H S P. What is the probability of
selecting a vowel? The disc is
Box P Box Q placed back in box P.

(b) Four more discs, V E R Y , are added to box P. If one disc is now removed from
box P, what is the probability of selecting a vowel? The disc is placed back in box P.
(c) The disc A is now taken out of box Q and placed in box P. If one disc is now removed
from box P, what is the probability of selecting a vowel?

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8 (a) Colin has a box with Mars bars and Milky Way bars inside it. If a bar is taken at random
from the box, the probability of picking a Mars bar is 75. What is the probability of picking
a Milky Way?
(b) How many Mars Bars could there be in Colin’s box to start with?
(c) Write down another two possibilities for the number of Mars bars that might be in
Colin’s box to start with.
9
S U R E W A Y

This old supermarket sign is in bad repair. One of the letters drops off.
(a) What is the probability that a vowel drops off.
(b) The letter ‘E’ drops off. If another letter drops off, what is the probability that
it will be a vowel?

HWK 1E Main Book Page 330

1 A bag contains yellow and red balls as shown.

One ball is selected at random from the bag and then
replaced. This is done 420 times. How many
times would you expect to select:
R
(a) a red ball (b) a yellow ball? Y R Y
Y R
Y

2 A fair dice is rolled 390 times. How many times would you expect to roll a multiple of 3?
3 The probability of it raining on any one day at Carnwell beach is 13. On how many days
would you expect it not to rain during a 3 week holiday at Carnwell beach?
4 At a school fete a person pays 30p to spin the pointer opposite.
50p
20p 20p The person will win the amount shown by the pointer. The game is
50p played 480 times. What profit would the school expect to make?
20p
10p 50p
50p

5 Two bags have red (R) and black (B) balls

in them as shown.
(a) Find the probability of selecting a black
ball from bag A.
R R R
R R (b) A black ball is taken from bag A and put
B into bag B. A ball is then selected at random B B
B R R
from bag B. What is the probability that this
Bag A ball is not a black ball? Bag B

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6 Two out of every nine trains are late at Henton station. How many trains would you expect to
be on time out of the next 54 trains to arrive at Henton station?
7 A coin is biased so that the probability of throwing ‘tails’ is 0.63. How many ‘heads’ would
you expect when the coin is thrown 500 times?
8 Will has the Jack, Queen, King, Ace of Clubs and the Ace of Hearts. Amy chooses one of his
cards and then Mark chooses one of his cards.
(a) If Amy chooses an Ace, what is the probability of Mark choosing an Ace?
(b) If Amy chooses a King, what is the probability of Mark choosing an Ace?
9 A bag contains n beads of which 7 are red. m beads are removed of which 2 are red. If one
more bead is removed, what is the probability that it will be a red bead?
10 The probability of picking the winner of a horse race is p (p is a fraction). How many winners
would you expect to pick for the next 45 races?

HWK 2M/2E Main Book Page 333

1 (a) Ellie throws a coin and a dice. She could get a ‘head’ and a ‘5’ (H 5). She could get a
‘tail’ and a ‘5’ (T 5). List the 12 possible outcomes.
(b) What is the probability that Ellie would get a ‘tail’ and an odd number?
2 (a) Mindy uses a spinner (with the numbers 1, 2 and 3 on it) and a dice.

2 3

She could get a ‘2’ with the spinner and a ‘4’ with the dice (2, 4).
She could get a ‘2’ with the spinner and a ‘5’ with the dice (2, 5).
List the 18 possible outcomes.
(b) What is the probability that she will get an odd number with both the spinner
and the dice?
3 (a) Two dice are thrown. List all possible outcomes (there are 36 ways!) Copy and complete:
(1, 1) (2, 1) (3, 1) (4, 1) (5, 1) (6, 1)
(1, 2) (2, 2) (3, 2) ... ... ...
(1, 3) ... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ... ...
(b) What is the probability of throwing the same number on each dice?

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4 A mother has 3 children. List all the possible outcomes to show if each child is a boy
or a girl. Assuming that the probability of having a boy is 12, what is the probability
of the mother having:
(a) 3 boys (b) exactly one girl?

5 A mother has 4 children. Assume that the probability of having a boy is 12. By listing all the
possible outcomes, find the probability of the mother having:
(a) 4 girls (b) exactly one boy (c) exactly two girls

HWK 3M Main Book Page 336

1 A bag contained some discs. Each disc has one of three letters on it – ‘T’, ‘R’ or ‘Y’. Jan randomly
takes a disc from the bag and then replaces it. She does this 80 times and records the results.

Letter T R Y
Frequency 23 34 23

Estimate the probability that the next disc she takes out will be
(a) a ‘Y’ (b) an ‘R’

2 Lara rolls a fair dice 120 times. Each time she records the number it lands on.

Number 1 2 3 4 5 6
Frequency 22 25 4 23 27 19

(a) What seems ‘strange’ about these results?

(b) How many times would you have expected the dice to land on each different number?
(c) If Lara rolled the dice another 120 times, would you expect her to get the same results?

3 Chad and Marie throw a shoe to see if it will land on its heel or not. Chad throws 50 times
and Marie throws 130 times. The results are shown below.

Chad Throws 50 Marie Throws 130

Heel landings 28 Heel landings 57

The shoe is thrown again.

(a) For Chad, what is the probability of the shoe landing on its heel?
(b) For Marie, what is the probability of the shoe landing on its heel?
(c) If you put Chad’s and Marie’s results together, what is the probability of the shoe
landing on its heel if it is thrown again?

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4 Toss a coin 50 times. How many tails would you expect to get?
Write down how your results compare to what you expected to get.
It you toss the coin another 50 times, would you expect to get the same result?

6.5 Drawing three dimensional objects

HWK 2M Main Book Page 342

In questions 1 to 4 draw the plan view, the front view and the side view of the object.

1 plan view 2

side view
front view
3 4

In questions 5 to 10 you are given three views of a shape. Draw each 3-D object (like those
shown above).

5 6

front view front view

plan view plan view

side view side view

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7 8
front view front view

plan view plan view

side view side view

9 10
front view front view

plan view plan view

side view side view

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