2) Streams Unit 6 - File Handling te ny ck Dp rs «A stream is a sequence of data. In Java a stream is composed of bytes. « Injava, 3 streams are created for us automatically 1, System.out : standard output stream 2. System.in : standard input stream 3, System.err : standard error stream Byte Streams + Java byte streams are used to perform input and output of 8-bits / 1 byte at a time from binary file. ‘¢ InputStream and OutputStream class are most common used classes of byte stream. Byte Streams classes Stream class Description Bufferedinputstream Used for Buffered input stream. BufferedOutputstream Used for Buffered output stream. DatalnputStream Contains method for reading java standard data type. DatsOuipuisiream An outut stream that contain method for writing java standard data FileinputStream Input stream that reads from a file FileQutputStream Output stream that write to a file. InputStream Abstract class that describe stream input. OutputStream Abstract class that describe stream output. PrintStream Output stream that contain print() and printin() method. FileOutputStream « FileOutputstream is used to create a file and write data into it. ‘* The OutputStream will only create a file, if it doesn't already exist, before opening it for output ‘¢ There are two way for using file with FileOutputStream. 1. FileOutputStream f = new FileOutputStream("C:/java/hello.txt" Y Here, directly File path is specified while creating the FileOutputStream object. f = new File("C:/java/hello.txt"}; OutputStream f1 = new FileOutputStream( f ); Y Inthe second method, first object of File is created and then FileOutputStream object is created and File object passed to the FileOutputStream as a argument. 2 1 [Dept:ce Java Programming(3350703) Prof. Vishal K. MakwanaDarshan Unit 6 - File Handling ‘Outputstream FileInputStream « FileInputStream is used for reading data from the files. ‘+ While using FileinputStream class, file must already exist if file does not exist it will generate error. ‘+ There are two way for using file with FilelInputStream. 1, FileInputStream f1 = new FileInputStream("C:/java/hello.txt"); Y Here, directly File path is specified while creating the FilelnputStream object. 2. File f = new File("C:/java/hello.txt"); FileInputStream f1 = new Filelnputstream( f); Y Inthe second method, first object of File is created and then FileInputStream object is created and File object passed to the FilelnputStream as a argument, — Filetnputstream f+ _ByteArrayinpurstream rece raat om | ___,_Fitterinputstream ‘utferedinputstream a PushbackInputstream ier” }__44 Objectinputstream L__,.——ipedinputstream 2 | Dept:ce Java Programming(3350703) Prof. Vishal K. Makwana@ Darshan Unit 6 - File Handling te ny ck Dp rs Example : Write a java program that writes the Hello.txt ileOutputStream. ito Hellod.txt using FileInputStream and Solution: File_1 java import java.io.*; public class File_1 { public static void main(String{] args) { try { FileInputstream in = new FilelnputStream|("C:/temp/Hello.txt "}; FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("C:/temp/Hellol.txt "); int c= 0; while ((c = in.read())!=-1) { out.write(c); } in.close(); out.close(); System.out.printIn("Successfully Write"); i catch (FileNotFoundException e) f e.printStackTrace(); i catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); 2 } Outp Successfully Write Character Streams * Character streams are used to perform input and output of 16- file. + Reader and Writer are most common used classes of character stream. / 2 bytes at a time from Character 3 | Dept:ce Java Programming(3350703) Prof. Vishal K. Makwana2) Unit 6 - File Handling Character Stream classes Stream class Description BufferedReader Handles buffered input stream. BufferedWriter Handles buffered output stream FileReader Input stream that reads from file. FileWriter Output stream that writes to InputStreamReader Input stream that translate byte to character. OutputStreamReader Output stream that translate character to byte. Reader Abstract class that define character stream input. writer Abstract class that define character stream output. FileWriter «* Java FileWriter class is used to write character data to the file. ‘¢ Two ways to create FileWriter Object. 1, FileWriter f = new FileWriter(String fname); _//File path is specified in argument. 2. FileWriter f = new FileWriter(File f1); //1" file is created and it is passed as argument. Method of FileWriter Class void write(int ch) ‘Writing single character to the file. void write(String s) Writes the string into FileWriter. void write(char[] c) Writes char array into FileWriter. void close() Closes FileWriter. FileReader ‘* Java FileReader class is used to read character data from the file. ‘¢ Two ways to create FileReader Object. 1. FileReader f = new FileReader(String name}; //File path is specified in argument. 2. FileReader f = new FileReader(File f1); //1* file is created and it is passed as argument. Method of FileReader Class int read() Returns a character in ASCII form. It returns -1 at the end of file, int read(char] ch) To read data from the file into char array. void close) Closes FileReader. 4 | Dept:ce Java Programming(3350703) Prof. Vishal K. MakwanaUnit 6 - File Handling Solution: File_2,java import java.io.*; public class File_2 { public static void main(String{] args) throws IOException { temp/tello.txt"); new File("d:/temp/Hello1 txt") FileReader fr = new FileReader(f); FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(f1); int c= 0; while ((c= fr.read|)}!=-1) { fw.write(c); } fr.close(); fw.close(); ‘System.out.printin("Successfully Write"); } Output: Successfully Write BufferedReader * BufferedReader class can be used to read data line by line using of readLit BufferedOutputStream ‘* BufferedOutputStream class uses an internal buffer to store data. into Hellol.txt using FileReader and * Itadds more efficiency than to write data directly into a stream. So, it makes the performance fast. BufferedInputStream ‘* BufferedinputStream class is used to read information from stream. It internally uses buffer mechanism to make the performance fast. 5 | Dept:ce Java Programming(3350703) Prof. Vishal K. Makwana@ Darshan Unit 6 - File Handling te ny ck Dp rs Example : Write a program in java that take character as a input from console and wi this program using Bufered Classes. it in file develop Solution: File_3 java import java.io.*; public class File_3 { public static void main(String{] args) { InputStreamReader in = new InputStreamReader(System.in); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(in); File f= new File("d:/temp/Hello.txt"); try { OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(f); System. out print("Type your text to write in fil String str; str = br.readLine(); byte bi] = str-getBytes(); out.write(b); ‘System.out.printIn("File Successfully Write.."); br.close(); in.close(); out.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } Output: ‘Type your text to write in file===i like an ice cream File Successfully Write. 6 | Dept:ce Java Programming(3350703) Prof. Vishal K. Makwana