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Experiment of Control Systems

The document describes obtaining the transfer function of a first order time delay system using step response data. It provides the process steps, MATLAB code to analyze two datasets, and calculations of the model parameters Kp, L, and T for each dataset. Plots of the input/output responses and tangent lines are also included.

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Tanay Vekariya
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33 views6 pages

Experiment of Control Systems

The document describes obtaining the transfer function of a first order time delay system using step response data. It provides the process steps, MATLAB code to analyze two datasets, and calculations of the model parameters Kp, L, and T for each dataset. Plots of the input/output responses and tangent lines are also included.

Uploaded by

Tanay Vekariya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: Tanay Vekariya Batch: A2

Admission number: U19EE044 Subject: Control System

Aim:
To obtain the transfer function of first order time delay system using its step
response.

Steps:
• Find the ∆y from step response, y denotes the output.
• Find the ∆u from step input, u denotes the input.
• Calculate Kp = ∆y/∆u
• Calculate gradient at each point of the response curve.
• Find the point where maximum slope occurs.
• Draw tangent at that point.
• Find time delay L.
• Find 0.632∆y from the step response.
• Find T63 corresponding to y63 = 0.632∆y from the step response.
• Calculate time constant T=T63 − L. This assumes that the step starts
at t=0. If the step input starts later, subtract that time also.

MATLAB code
Data set 1:
clc;
clear all;
data=xlsread('dataa');
t=data(:,1);
u=data(:,2);
y=data(:,5);
plot(t,u,'b')
xlabel('time(s)')
hold on
plot(t,y,'r')
xlabel('time(s)')
ylabel('Temperature (deg)')
legend('Input(V)','Temperature(deg)')
Kp=(3-0)/(1-0)
grad=gradient(y,t);
[Kv,val]=max(grad);
k=val;
slope=Kv;
yTangent=(t-t(k))*slope+y(k);
figure,plot(t,y,'b')
hold on
plot(t,yTangent,'k');
xlabel('time(s)')
ylabel('Temperature (deg)')
legend('Output (deg)','steepest tangent')
steady_output=3;
L=1.193
y_63=0.632*3;
T_63=1.902;
T=T_63-L

Output:
Kp =

3
L=
1.1930

T=
0.7090

Calculation:
• Kp = ∆y/∆u = (3-0)/(1-0) = 3
• L = 1.1930 (from graph)
• y63 = 0.632*Δy = 0.632*3 = 1.896
• T63 = 1.902 s (from graph)
• T63=T+L
T = T63 – L = 1.902 – 1.1930 = 0.709 s

• Transfer function
3e−1.1930
G(s)=
1 + 0.709
Plots:
1. Plot of input and output response

2. Plot of steepest tangent drawn along with the output response


Dataset 2:
clc;
clear all;
data=xlsread('datab');
t=data(:,1);
u=data(:,2);
y=data(:,5);
plot(t,u,'b')
xlabel('time(s)')
hold on
plot(t,y,'r')
xlabel('time(s)')
ylabel('Temperature (deg)')
legend('Input(V)','Temperature(deg)')
Kp=(30-20)/(10-5)
grad=gradient(y,t);
[Kv,val]=max(grad);
k=val;
slope=Kv;
yTangent=(t-t(k))*slope+y(k);
figure,plot(t,y,'b')
hold on
plot(t,yTangent,'k');
xlabel('time(s)')
ylabel('Temperature (deg)')
legend('Output (deg)','steepest
tangent') ts=0.4605; %step starts at
ts=0.4605s L=2.303-ts
y_63=20+0.632*10;
T_63=3.316;
T=T_63-L-ts

Output:
Kp =
2
L=
1.8425
T=
1.0130
Calculation:

• Kp = ∆y/∆u = (30-20)/(10-5) = 2
• ts = 0.4605 s (step starts at 0.4605 s )
L = 2.303 – 0.4605
L = 1.8425
• y63 = 20 + 0.632*Δy = 20+0.632*10 = 26.32 (as the step occurs at y=20)
• T63 = 3.316 s (from graph)
• T = T63 – L – ts = 3.316 – 1.8425 – 0.4605 = 1.0130 s

• Transfer function
G (s) = 2 e
−1.8425

1 + 1.0130

Plots:
1. Plot of input and output response
2. Plot of steepest tangent drawn along with the output response

Conclusion:
In this experiment, we obtained the transfer function of first order time delay system
using its step response using bump test.

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