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Lab 7

1. The experiment measured the specific heat capacity of water by placing a calorimeter containing 200mL of water inside another container of water. As the water was heated over 15-20 minutes, its temperature was recorded every 3 minutes. 2. Using the measured change in temperature, mass of water, voltage, and current applied, the specific heat capacity of water was calculated to be 4.615 × 10-3 J/g°C. 3. Sources of error included non-uniform heating of the water and heat loss to the surroundings, resulting in a measured specific heat slightly lower than the accepted literature value of 4.18 kJ/kg°C.

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Nadia Nasir
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496 views2 pages

Lab 7

1. The experiment measured the specific heat capacity of water by placing a calorimeter containing 200mL of water inside another container of water. As the water was heated over 15-20 minutes, its temperature was recorded every 3 minutes. 2. Using the measured change in temperature, mass of water, voltage, and current applied, the specific heat capacity of water was calculated to be 4.615 × 10-3 J/g°C. 3. Sources of error included non-uniform heating of the water and heat loss to the surroundings, resulting in a measured specific heat slightly lower than the accepted literature value of 4.18 kJ/kg°C.

Uploaded by

Nadia Nasir
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SFG3023 Thermodynamics Lab Work

Experiment 7
Specific Heat Capacity of Water
Nuraini binti Mohd Razakafli D20171078146 (AT11)
Nur Nadia binti Mohamad Nasir D20171078138 (AT11)
Jasmin binti Baharun D20171078153 (AT11)

Experiment on November 26th, 2019 Submitted on December 20th, 2019

Abstract
The aim of this experiment is to measure specific heat capacity of water. Calorimeter is placed
inside water while thermometer was stirred. Then, complete close set up for the electric heating
to occur. Six values of temperature are recorded every three minutes. The specific heat capacity
of water are 4.615 × 10−3 𝐽/𝑔℃.

Keywords: specific heat capacity, calorimeter, water.

used were recorded. The water was stirred


Introduction to keep it heated homogeneously. The
The specific heat capacity of any substance temperature was recorded at a reasonable
is defined as the quantity of heat required to period of time for about 15 to 20 minutes.
change the temperature of a unit mass of the The power supply was switched off when
substance by 1 degree Celcius or 1 Kelvin. the experiment is completed.
The units used to express the specific heat For experiment 2, water was placed inside
capacity are cal g-1K-1 (calories per gram the beaker / flask and all the matter bodies
per Kelvin) and J kg-1K-1 (joule per were hanged inside the flask from a
kilogram per Kelvin). Another unit, but universal clamp. The bodies should not
rarely used is the BTU lb-1 oF-1 (British touch the bottom of the flask and must be
thermal unit per pound per Farenheit). individually removable. They were heated
to boil the water. The temperature of the
Quantity of heat involve when mass m of a water Tw was recorded in the calorimeter.
substance undergoes a change in the When the water boils, the heating flame
temperature ΔT is: was reduced. One metal body was taken out
of the boiling water and it was transferred
Q = mc Δ T rapidly to the calorimeter. The water is
stirred and temperature of the mixture Tm
Methodology was recorded. 50-100ml of cold water was
The experimental was setup as in Figure 1. prepared inside a calorimeter again. Step 6
200 ml of water was placed inside a and step 7 were repeated for another solid
calorimeter. The calorimeter was closed metal.
and the thermometer and the stirrer were
kept in place (Polystryrene calorimeter
does not require insulator). A closed circuit
was completed for the electric heating to
occur (Figure 2). The heating power was set
at a reasonable current and voltage (Safely,
we used 𝑉𝑎𝑐 = 6V for 200ml water, or 𝑉𝑎𝑐
= 12V for 350ml water). The power was
switched on and the current and the voltage
SFG3023 Thermodynamics Lab Work

Thermometer
𝑃 = 1.2𝐴 (6𝑉)
𝑃 = 7.2 𝐽

1 ml of water = 1 g of water
Circuit
So 260 ml = 260 g
accessories

Caloriemeter 𝑉𝑙𝑡 = 𝑚𝑤 𝑐𝑤 (𝑇₁ − 𝑇0 )

7.2 𝐽 = 260 𝑔 𝑐𝑤 (30 ℃ − 24 ℃)


Figure 1

𝑐𝑤 = 4.615 × 10−3 𝐽/𝑔℃


Results
Data obtained for experiment 7 are
tabulated in Table 1 Conclusion
The value of specific heat capacity of water
Volume of water: 260 ml is 4.186 J/g ℃, but there are measurement
Current, I: 1.2 ampere error during the experiment and effect the
Voltage, V: 6 Volt result of specific heat of capacity 4.615 ×
Initial temperature: 24℃ 10−3 𝐽/𝑔℃. The efficiency of converting
the electrical energy into heat is not 100 %.
t 0 3 6 9 12 15 For this reason the calculated specific heat
(minute)s capacity is systematically lesser than the
table value of 4180 J·kg−1·K−1.
T (℃) 24 26 28 28.5 29 30
Reflection
(1) We discuss this lab with other group. (2)
Discussion I am so grateful to have such understanding
lab partners along this lab.
-Nur Nadia binti Mohamad Nasir
D20171078138
(1) From this experiment, I learnt how to
use caloriemeter from other group that
perform this lab. (2) I also can discuss with
my group mates about this result freely as
we truly support each other.
- Nuraini binti Mohd Razakafli
D20171078146
(1) From this experiment, I learnt how to
The equation of specific heat capacity of use caloriemeter. (2) I hope in future I can
water apply this in school to attract students’
attention.
𝑉𝑙𝑡 = 𝑚𝑤 𝑐𝑤 (𝑇₁ − 𝑇0 ) -Jasmin binti Baharun
D20171078153
∆𝑬 = 𝒎𝒄∆𝜽
𝑉𝑙𝑡 = ∆𝐸 = 𝑃
𝑃 = 𝐼𝑉

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