Drilling, Completion & Workover

Time Definition Guide

ExxonMobil Drilling and Completions Page 2 of 19
Drilling and Completions Time Definition Guide Section Introduction
Subject Definitions of Time

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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section Introduction
Subject Definitions of Time

1. INTRODUCTION

2. GENERAL DEFINITIONS OF TIME

- 2.1 Critical Path Activities

- 2.2 Problem Events
- 2.3 Milestones

3. SET UP INFORMATION

- 3.1 Well Information

- 3.2 Job Information

4. JOB TYPES
- 4.1 Mobilize/Demobilize Operations
- 4.2 Drilling Operations
- 4.3 Completion Operations
- 4.4 Workover Operations

5. CHANGE OF SCOPE

- 5.1 Drilling Change of Scope

- 5.2 Completion & Workover Operations Change of Scope

6. TIME CATEGORIES

- 6.1 Critical Path Category and Type

- 6.2 Problem Events
- 6.3 Milestones

7. EXAMPLES

- 7.1 Events in Relation to NPT

• MWD Failure
• Lost Circulation
• Rig Equipment
- 7.2 Productive Time During NPT Event
- 7.3 Planned & Unplanned Wait

8. LIST of ACRONYMS

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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section Introduction
Subject Definitions of Time

1. INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this document is to provide definitions of time categories to insure

accurate and consistent reporting by the drilling organization.

OIMS Element 4 - Information/Documentation defines information requirements for

well operations. The information is used for:

• Operations and management reporting

• Future well planning
• Planning and budgeting
• Contracting decisions
• Performance metrics

2. GENERAL DEFINITIONS OF TIME

Time is reported in three major categories for well operations:

1. Critical path activities

2. Problem events
3. Milestones

2.1 Critical Path Activities

Critical path activities are those which are necessary to mobilize, drill, complete or
workover a well.

Note: Critical path activity, category types, should focus on what work is being
done and not why the work is being done.

Examples of typical drilling activities include:

Drill, run string in hole, circulate or pump, run casing, cement, BOP test, log etc.

Typical completions and workover operations include:

Run string in hole, circulate or pump, run tubing, place sand control, perforate etc.

2.2 Problem Events

Problem events include all problems that occur during mobilization, drilling, completion
and workover operations. Problems should be reported as they occur and may overlap
each other or be nested within other problems. There are two types of problem events:

• Problem events which do not affect the planned critical path

Examples include:
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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section Introduction
Subject Definitions of Time

mud pumps/fluids system repairs during wireline logging, crane repairs which
do not effect drilling operations.

• Problem events which interrupt or delay the planned critical path - non-
productive time (NPT)

Examples include:

Top drive system problem while drilling, weather or environment problem, well
control problem, stuck pipe, string or BHA failure.

Note: Problem events must be created to record NPT. A well will appear to be
problem free unless NPT events are reported. NPT duration is reconciled in
performance analysis reports to allow for overlapping events.

2.3 Milestones

Major points reached during well operations are called milestones. Examples include:

began sidetrack, began out-of-scope work, reached total depth, released rig

Example:

The following illustrates critical path activities with associated problem events. Note that
multiple problem events can occur simultaneously.

Activity
Category Type Problem NPT?
MOB Move or tow rig in or out No
Rig up or rig down rig (or reconfigure)
TRIP Pick up or make up string, BHA or tools
Run string in hole RIG ROV problem
DRLG Drill cement, plugs etc. to clean-out
CIRC Circulate or pump
DRLG Directional survey
Drill (new hole)
CIRC Circulate or pump CIRC Lost circulation Yes

TRIP Short trip (not to surface)

WAIT Unplanned wait
TRIP Short trip (not to surface)
CIRC Circulate or pump KICK Well control

STCK Stuck pipe

FISH Engage, jar or work fish or stuck pipe

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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section Coding
Subject Wells and Jobs

3. SET UP INFORMATION

3.1 Well Information

Information for each well is provided by the engineer in the well program. This
information includes:

Well ID, country, surface location, water depth, rotary height, field name, etc.

3.2 Job Information

Jobs are used to identify a particular type of work to be performed on a well.

Generally, job types reflect AFE funding and enable better analysis of well data.

The four job types performed on wells are defined below. Each job must be assigned
to one of these types. A well may have more than one job of a particular type, but jobs
may not overlap.

• Mobilize/demobilize - special job type for capturing rig mobilization time and cost
• Drilling - all work to drill to target(s) and prepare well for completion
• Completion - all work subsequent to drilling job to bring well online
• Workover - any other well operations not previously mentioned

Information for each job is provided by the engineer and is found in the well program.
This information includes:

AFE number, AFE cost, rig contractor, target depth, formal well name, etc.

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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section Coding
Subject Job Types

4. Job Types

4.1 Mobilize/Demobilize Operations

Use when:

• ExxonMobil funds the mobilization or demobilization of a rig separately from the

drilling work for which the rig was mobilized

• ExxonMobil management wishes to track mobilization or demobilization costs

separately from other costs

When mobilizing for work on multiple wells, it is recommended that the mobilization job
belong to the first well in the program. The demobilization job may then belong either
to the same well or to the last well in the program.

Costs associated with mobilization/demobilization jobs should be charged to each

drilling job and should be credited to the mobilization/demobilization job. Drill teams
should consult with local business groups to insure that these costs are handled
appropriately.

Note: Dummy or fictitious wells should rarely if ever be utilized. All time and costs
should be associated with a real well.

4.2 Drilling Operations

Start when:

• Charges commence for the Drilling stewarded portion of the well until the original
objective of the well is accomplished and the well is ready to complete.

Note: Drilling around junk or lost hole will usually be included with the current drilling
job unless a regulatory authority requires that the sidetrack receive a new wellbore
identifier. Sidetracking to a new objective will usually trigger the creation of a new
drilling job. Any sidetrack should trigger a sidetrack milestone.

4.3 Completion Operations

The split between drilling and initial completions jobs is determined as follows:

• Production/Development Wells - completion operations begin after the production

casing or liner is set and successfully tested. For open hole completions, the
completion time begins when the open hole section is underreamed. Completion
operations end when the well head is installed, all down-hole work is completed and
the well is cleaned up and released to the production department or when a decision
is made to abandon or suspend the well.

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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section Coding
Subject Job Types

• Exploration Wells - completion operations begin after logging is complete and a

decision has been made to run a liner or casing to perform a test. Completion
operations end after the final tested zone is killed, the test tool-string is recovered
and the well is suspended or abandoned.

Example 1

Remedial squeeze work necessary to obtain proper isolation around the

completion zone is part of the drilling job.

Example 2

The completion job would revert back to a drilling job after the final zone is
suspended or abandoned if the TP&A or P&A is part of the drilling portion of the
AFE.

4.4 Workover Operations

A workover job includes all activities that are performed on a well other than
mobilization/demobilization, drilling and completion. Operations conducted without a rig
will be recorded under this system if an Operations Supervisor is responsible for the
operation.

Time should commence when charges are incurred by ExxonMobil. The time should
continue until the original objective of the well is accomplished.

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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section Coding
Subject Change of Scope

5. CHANGE OF SCOPE

The purpose of the Change of Scope classification is to identify time associated with
work not covered under the original well AFE (excluding trouble time to reach original
objective).

When Change of Scope time begins, the "Began out-of-scope work" milestone marks
the associated start time and depth. When the work is complete the "Began in-scope
work" milestone is created. It is the well engineer's responsibility to inform the
Operations Supervisor when work is to be classified as Change of Scope.

Two categories of scope change are:

• Drilling Change of Scope

• Completion and Workover Operations Change of Scope

Examples of Change of Scope:

• Decision is made to conduct a test on an exploration well that was AFE’d to

Drill, Log and Abandon only. All test operations would be coded Change of
Scope.
• After reaching the primary objective of the well, a decision is made to plug
back and side track to another target. Unless this has been included in the
original AFE, the plug back and sidetrack operation would be considered as
Change of Scope.

5.1 Drilling Change of Scope

The original objective of the well can be accomplished in two ways:

• The original planned depth is reached or

• Drilling Management agrees that the objective formation was penetrated
shallower than expected. In this case, the objective could be drilled,
evaluated and cased prior to reaching planned TD.

After the original objective for which the well was approved has been achieved or once
Drilling Management has changed the original scope of the well, time and costs will be
recorded as Change of Scope.

Examples:

• Geological sidetracks and drilling beyond the original TD are considered

Change of Scope.
• Changes of the bottom hole location are considered a Change of Scope.
• Mechanical/hole problem sidetracks are not considered a Change of Scope.

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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section Coding
Subject Change of Scope

5.2 Completion and Workover Operations Change of Scope

Many times these changes in scope occur before the actual work begins. In these
situations, time and costs can be included in the AFE. In such cases, these operations
should be included in the In Scope activities.

The basic criteria for determining whether a Change of Scope should occur are:

• All changes in scope for completion and workover operations which occur
before operations begin and the AFE is approved should not be considered
as a Change of Scope.

• All changes in scope which occur after beginning operations should be

considered Change of Scope.

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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section Coding
Subject Time Categories

6. TIME CATEGORIES

6.1 Critical Path Category and Type

Category Time Category Type

BOP Install, remove or change BOP (including ram changes)
Test BOP, wellhead or tree
Install, remove or change wellhead
Install, remove or change tree
Run, pull or handle riser
CIRC Circulate or pump
(Any circulating time other than drilling or fluid change-out)
Change out fluid
(Scheduled change out of mud system)
CMPL Unload (i.e. swab), flow or production test
(Including rig up/rig down of testing equipment)
Stimulate (frac, acidize, etc.)
(Including rig up/down of pumping equipment)
Mix, pump and place sand control
(Including rig up/down of pumping lines, etc.)
Run or pull artificial lift equipment (e.g. rods)
CMT Mix, pump and place cement slurry
(All cmt. operations (primary, cmt plugs, squeezes, etc.))
Pressure test squeeze or other cement
(Pressure testing of cement plugs or cement squeezes)
DRLG Drill (new hole)
(Drilling ahead including connection time)
Directional survey
(Time to run directional survey)
Drill cement, plugs, etc. to clean out
(Drilling cmt, plugs, float equip. and cleaning out wellbore)
Ream (backream) or wash
(Reaming or backreaming to condition hole)
Open hole (or under-ream)
(Open hole with hole opener/under-reamer)
Pit or safety drill
(BOP, fire or other safety drills) - (planned meetings and JSA's
are to be coded under planned wait)
Cut Core
Cutting Core
FISH Engage, jar or work fish or stuck pipe
(The act of engaging and working fish or jarring stuck pipe)
INSP Inspect or test equipment
(Time associated with equipment testing or inspection)
LOG Log
(Time associated with logging runs including rig up/down)
MILL Mill, dress or polish
(Milling window, packers, dress PBR, etc.)
MOB Move or tow rig in or out
(Tow or skid offshore rig - move in/out land rig or equip.)
Rig up or rig down rig (or reconfigure)
(Rig up/down or modify rig or equipment)
Moor, Demoor
(Jack up/down, handle anchors, hook up tugs, etc.)
NONE No activity
(Time recorded for information only - not on AFE)
PERF Perforate
(Time associated with perforating operations including rig
up/down)
RIG Service rig (including slip & cut drilling line)
(Routine rig maintenance - rig repairs should be coded
unplanned wait)
TBLR Rig up or rig down crews

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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section Coding
Subject Time Categories

(Time to rig up/down equipment to run casing or tubing)

Run tubular (casing, liner or production tubing)
(Time to run casing or tubing in the well)
Pull tubular (casing, liner or production tubing)
(Time to pull casing or tubing from the well)
Test tubular (casing, liner or production tubing)
(Time to test casing or tubing in the well)
Drive or jet conductor
(Time to install conductor if driven or jetted in the hole)
TEST Test formation (including FIT, DST, RFT, MDT, etc.)
(Formation testing during Drilling or Completion operations)
TRIP Run string in hole
(Tripping in the hole with work string / drill string)
Pull string out of hole
(Tripping out of the hole with work string / drill string)
Pick up or make up string, BHA, or tools
(Time picking up BHA and/or tools prior to tripping in)
Break and lay down string, BHA, or tools
(Time laying down BHA and/or tools after tripping out)
Short trip (not to surface)
(Tripping without coming completely out of the hole - wiper trip)
Set or release downhole equipment
(Installation of downhole equipment including packers, wear
bushings, whipstocks, etc.)
WAIT Planned wait
(Waiting built into the well plan - e.g. waiting on cement, JSA's,
safety meetings, etc.)
Unplanned wait
(Waiting when no other activity can be performed - e.g. wait on
weather, rig repair, logistics, permits etc.).
WIRE Wireline work (other than logging)
(Wireline/slickline work other than electric logging)

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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section Coding
Subject Time Categories

6.2 Problem Events

Category Problem Events
CIRC Lost circulation
(Lost return problems)
Mud/fluid problem
(Drilling or completion fluid problems)
CMPL Downhole-installed equipment problem
(Downhole-installed equipment problems - e.g. packers,
subsurface safety valves, etc.)
Perforating problem
(Problems with perforating equipment or services)
Sand control operations problem
(Problems with sand control equipment or services)
Stimulation operations problem
(Problems with stimulation equipment or services)
CMT Cementing or cementing systems problem
(Problems with cement or cementing equipment or services)
DRLG Directional problem
(Problem with directional equipment or services)
Downhole motor or turbine problem
(Problem with downhole motors, turbines, RST etc.)
Hole problem (tight, fill, slough, gumbo, etc.)
(Problems related to hole condition)
MWD problem
(Problem with MWD equipment or services)
FE Logging problem
(Problems with logging equipment or services - note: does not
include wireline/slickline problems)
LWD problem
(Problem with LWD equipment or services)
KICK Well control problem
(Problems related to well control e.g. kicks, check for flow, etc.)
MOB Rig mobilization or rig up/down problem
(Problems associated with mobilizing or demobilizing rig)
RIG BOP or riser problem
(BOP equipment or riser related problems)
Draw works or rotary problem
(Problems with rotary, hoisting or pipe handling equipment)
Mud pumps/fluid systems problem
(Problems with rig mud pumps and rig fluids systems)
Power/electrical problem
(Problems with power generation systems - e.g. SCR's, relays,
circuit breakers, switches, dynamic position system etc.)
ROV problem
(Problems with remote operating vehicle)
String or BHA failure
(Problems with string or BHA components (including bits))
Top drive system problem
(Problems with rig top drive systems, e.g. leaking packing)
Other rig equipment problem
(Other problems with rig equipment e.g. cranes)
STCK Stuck pipe
(Problems with stuck drill pipe, casing/liner or tubing)
TBLR Casing equipment problem
(Problems with casing related equipment - e.g. line hangers,
float equipment, casing crews, centralizers, scratchers, etc.)
Casing problem
(Casing related problems - e.g. splits, drift, galled threads,
pressure integrity, collapsed, connections, etc – not wellbore
problems.)
Tubing equipment (hanger, etc.) problem
(Problems with tubing related equipment - e.g. hangers, tubing
head, running crews and equipment)
Tubing/coiled tubing problem
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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section Coding
Subject Time Categories

(Tubing and coiled tubing related problems - e.g. splits, drift,

galled threads, pressure integrity, collapsed, connections, etc.)
Wellhead or tree problem
(Problems with wellhead or christmas tree equipment)
WAIT Weather or environment problem
(Weather or environmental related problems - including spills)
Logistics problem
(Logistics related problems)
Waiting on orders
(Waiting for decisions from operations team or management -
including rig shut down for accident investigation)
Force majeure problem
(Problems out of our control other than weather or environment
- e.g. shut-downs due to labor strikes, etc.)
WIRE Wireline operations problem (other than electric logging)
(Problems with wireline/slickline equipment or services - note:
does not include electric logging problems)

6.3 Milestones
Milestones
MILE Began in-scope work
(Default milestone - also marks in-scope operations resume)
Began out-of-scope work
(Marks when out-of-scope operations begin - e.g. unplanned
logs, drill deeper, target changes, etc.)
Began sidetrack
(Marks time and depth of wellbore sidetrack)
Began suspension activities
(Marks when suspension operations begin - e.g. after drilling
well and evaluating logs)
Began day work
(Default milestone - also marks when AFE charges on day
work operations resume)
Began footage work
(Marks when rig changes to a footage rate)
Reached total depth
(Marks time and depth when total well depth is reached)
Released rig
(Marks time when rig goes off payroll)

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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section Examples
Subject NPT

7.0 EXAMPLES

The following section provides examples for common coding problems experienced by
Operations Supervisors.

7.1 General rules for reporting Problem Events

Generally, a problem event encompasses all time required to resolve the problem and
return the well to the point where the problem occurred. However, not all problems
result in NPT. Therefore, the Operations Supervisor must decide whether a problem
event should be reported as NPT.

• Example 1 - MWD Failure

While drilling ahead, the MWD fails. After consultation with management, the decision is
made to continue drilling without the MWD and take surveys with single shots as
required.

Is this an MWD problem? YES – Report as problem.

Is this MWD NPT? NO – De-select NPT flag. Since critical path

activities are not impacted, this is not NPT (decision
is to drill ahead).

How should the surveys be coded? Code single shot survey time as DRLG-Directional
Survey. An NPT event should be opened and
coded as DRLG – MWD problem and NPT flag
activated.

• Example 2 - Lost Circulation

A. While drilling ahead, mud losses cause a suspension of drilling.

Is this a Lost Circulation problem? YES – Report as problem.

Is this problem NPT? YES – Select NPT flag since critical path activities
are impacted.

Note: Start event at first sign of loss and end after circulation is established sufficiently to
continue drilling.

B. Lost returns are experienced in an area where losses are common and planned for in
the well program. The plan calls for treating the losses while drilling ahead.

Is this a Lost Circulation problem? YES – Report as problem.

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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section Examples
Subject NPT

Is this problem NPT? NO – De-select NPT flag. Since critical path

activities are not impacted, this is not NPT (decision
was to drill ahead while treating losses).

C. Lost returns are experienced in an area where losses are common and planned for in
the well program. The plan calls for treating the losses via the ‘Fracture Closure
Stress’ – Technique.

Is this a Lost Circulation problem? YES – Report as problem.

Is this problem NPT? NO – De-select NPT flag. If the technique

worked to cure the losses within the time estimated
in the well programme.

OR

YES – Select NPT flag. If the technique did not

work to cure losses within the time estimated in the
well programme.

• Example 3 - Rig Equipment

On a rig with three mud pumps:

A. Mud pump 3 fails when only two pumps are needed to continue drilling.

Is this a Mud pumps/fluids systems problem? YES – Report as problem.

Is this problem NPT? NO – De-select NPT flag. Since

critical path activities are not
impacted, this is not NPT.

B. Mud pumps 1 and 2 fail and two pumps are needed to continue drilling.

Is this a Mud pumps/fluids systems problem? YES – Report as problem.

Is this problem NPT? YES – Select NPT flag since drilling

cannot continue.

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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section Examples
Subject Critical Path Coding

7.2 Critical path activities during a NPT event

NPT events may be interrupted to account for certain planned critical path activities.

Example:
While trying to resolve an ongoing equipment problem, a decision is made to to drill ahead.
How should this be coded?

Since drilling ahead is a planned critical path activity, the time spent drilling should
"interrupt" (close out) the repair NPT. If the equipment problem continues to impact drilling
progress, the NPT should reinitiated (open new repair NPT).

This results in more than one NPT event for the same problem. However, the amount of
NPT will reflect only lost critical path time.

Start Elpsd End MD Description

----- ----- -------- -----------------------------------------------------------
12:00 1.50 6070.0 DRLG Drill from 6045' to 6070'.
13:30 .50 6070.0 WAIT Unplanned wait -- Swaco unit unable to vacuum cutting
from shaker to dryer. Unstop vacuum lines.
NPT See Event 4 (CIRC)
14:00 2.00 6136.0 DRLG Drilling from 6070 feet to 6123 feet.
16:00 4.00 6136.0 WAIT Unplanned wait -- Swaco unit unable to vacuum cuttings
to dryer. Pull to shoe and circulate out. Reconfigure
vacuum with 6" hose and catch up on accumulated
cuttings in trough. Trip back to bottom. No drag or
fill.
NPT See Event 5 (CIRC)
20:00 4.00 6368.0 DRLG Drilling from 6123 feet to 6368 feet with auto-track
system as per directional procedure.
00:00 1.00 6368.0 WAIT Unplanned wait -- Swaco vacuum unable to vacuum
cuttings to dryer. Work pipe and catch up vacuuming
cuttings from trough.
NPT See Event 6 (CIRC)
01:00 1.00 6420.0 DRLG Control drilling from 6368 feet to 6420 feet in
attempt to allow Swaco vacuum to keep up with
cuttings.
02:00 3.00 6420.0 WAIT Unplanned wait -- Swaco vacuum unable to vacuum
cuttings to dryer. Cuttings trough filled up. Trip out
to shoe while Swaco vacuums cuttings.
NPT See Event 7 (CIRC)
========================= PROBLEM EVENTS AND MILESTONES ========================
Event: 4 NPT: Yes Hours: .50 Responsible Party: Operator
Start: 24-Jun-02 13:30 CIRC Mud/fluids problem
End : 24-Jun-02 14:00 Swaco cuttings dryer.

Event: 5 NPT: Yes Hours: 4.00 Responsible Party: Operator

Start: 24-Jun-02 16:00 CIRC Mud/fluids problem
End : 24-Jun-02 20:00 Swaco vacuum unable to vacuum cuttings to cuttings
dryer.

Event: 6 NPT: Yes Hours: 1.00 Responsible Party: Operator

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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section Examples
Subject Critical Path Coding

Start: 25-Jun-02 00:00 CIRC Mud/fluids problem

End : 25-Jun-02 01:00 Swaco vacuum unable to vacuum cuttings to cuttings
dryer.

Event: 7 NPT: Yes Hours: 3.00 Responsible Party: Operator

Start: 25-Jun-02 02:00 CIRC Mud/fluids problem
End : Active/Open Swaco vacuum unable to vacuum cuttings to dryer.

7.3 Events in relation to Critical Path

Critical path activities should focus on what work is being done and not why the work is
being done.

Example: Circulating and conditioning hole prior to cementing

A common misconception is to consider this operation:

CMT – Mix, pump and place cement slurry

The correct coding is:

CIRC – Circulating or pump

7.3 Planned & unplanned wait

• Planned wait includes any critical path wait activity which has been built into the well
plan such as:

waiting on cement, safety meetings, JSA’s, etc.

• Unplanned wait is the critical path activity used when no other activity (tripping,
drilling, circulating, etc.) can be performed. It includes all other waiting in the critical
path and in almost all cases should trigger the creation of an NPT event such as:

drawworks or rotary problem, waiting on weather, logistics, waiting on orders, labor

strike, etc.

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Drilling, Completion & Workover Time Definition Guide Section 8
Subject Acronyms

8. LIST of ACRONYMS

AFE Authority for Expenditure

BHA Bottom Hole Assembly
BOP Blow out Preventer
DST Drill Stem Test
EMDC ExxonMobil Development Company
FIT Formation Integrity Test
JSA Job Safety Analysis
LWD Logging while Drilling
MDT Modular Formation Dynamics Tester
MWD Measurement while Drilling
NPT Non-Productive Time
OIMS Operations Integrity Management System
P&A Plug & Abandon
PBR Polished Bore Receptacle
RFT Repeat Formation Tester
RST Rotary Steerable Tools
SCR Silicon Controlled Rectifier
TD Total Depth
TP&A Temporary Plug & Abandon

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