Code No: 54015 Set – 1

R09
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
B.Tech II Year II Semester Examinations, 2020
APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS-I
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75
Answer any five questions
All questions carry equal marks
Illustrate your answers with NEAT sketches wherever necessary.
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1(a) Why is the actual cycle efficiency is much lower than the air-standard efficiency?
Give reasons.
(b) In an engine working on the diesel cycle, the air fuel ratio is 50:1. The temperature of
air at the beginning of compression is 600C and the compression ratio used is 14:1. What
is the ideal efficiency of the engine? Calorific value of fuel used is 42000 kJ/Kg , CP =
1.005 kJ/kg-K and CV = 0.717KJ/Kg-K for air .

2(a) Sketch and explain the actual port timing diagram for two stroke engines.
(b) Calculate the percentage in the efficiency of air-standard Otto cycle having a
compression ratio of 7 for the following cases :
(i) The specific heat at constant volume increased by 2%
(ii) The specific heat at constant pressure increased by 2%

3(a) What is meant by abnormal combustion? Explain the phenomenon of knock in SI

engines.
(b) Briefly explain the stages of combustion in SI engines with suitable flame
propagation curve.

4(a) Discuss in brief the variables affecting delay period in CI engine.

(b) What is diesel knock? How does it affect the engine performance? Discuss the effects
of the following on it – (i) Fuel Quality, (ii) Compression ratio.

5(a) List the parameters on the basis of which the performance of an engine is evaluated.
Explain how the following are measured : fuel consumption, exhaust gas composition.
(b) Explain, with a sketch, the working of an absorption dynamometer to measure the
brake power.

6(a) How are compressors classified? Explain, with a sketch, any one type of rotary
compressor.
(b) A single stage single acting reciprocating air compressor is required to handle 50 m 3
of free air delivery per hour measured at 1 bar pressure. The delivery pressure is 6.5 bar
and the speed is 500 r.p.m. Allowing a volumetric efficiency of 75%, an isothermal

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efficiency of 70%, and a mechanical efficiency of 90%; calculate the indicated mean
effective pressure and the power required to drive the compressor.

7(a) What is the difference between dynamic and positive displacement compressors?
Explain, with a sketch, the working of Roots Blower.
(b) Saturated R134a vapour is compressed isentropically from –18 oC (Psat = 144.6 kPa) to
a pressure of 433.8 kPa in a single stage centrifugal compressor. Calculate the speed of
the compressor at the tip of the impeller assuming that the vapour enters the impeller
radially.

8(a) Explain the construction and principle of operation of Axial Flow Compressor:
(b) An axial flow compressor stage has a tip diameter dt = 0.95 m, and a hub diameter of
dh = 0.85 m. The rotor blade and flow air angles at mean diameter are β1 = 560, β2 = 280,
α1 = 280, α2 = 560, and the rotor speed is 5000 rpm. Density of air is 1.2 kg/m3. Determine
the axial velocity and degree of reaction. Take, for air, γ = 1,4, C p = 1.005 kJ/kg.K, and R
= 0.287 kJ/kg.K.
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Prepared by :
Dr.A.C.S.Kumar,
Professor of Mech. Engg.,
J.B.I.E.T., Moinabad,
Hyderabad.

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Code No: 54015 Set – 2
R09
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
B.Tech II Year II Semester Examinations, 2020
APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS-I
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75
Answer any five questions
All questions carry equal marks
Illustrate your answers with NEAT sketches wherever necessary.
---
1(a) The actual cycles for internal combustion engines differ from thermodynamic cycles
in many respects – What are these differences mainly due to?
(b) Distinguish between the effect of Time Loss Factor, Heat Loss Factor on the
efficiency of actual cycles.

2(a) Explain, with a neat sketch, the valve timing diagram for a diesel engine. Also
explain the deviation of an actual cycle from an ideal cycle.
(b) Explain the three basic types of lubrication systems and their sub-categories used in
I C engines.

3(a) Explain the importance and effect of flame speed in SI engines.

(b) What is fuel rating and why is it done? Explain how the rating of S I engine fuels is
done.

4 (a) Describe the phenomenon of combustion in C I engine, and explain the various
stages in it.
(b) Explain with sketches various type of combustion chambers used in CI engine.

5(a) Explain how the friction force power of an engine is determined by Morse Test.
(b) Draw the graph of Heat Balance Vs. Speed for a Petrol Engine at Full Throttle, and
explain the main components of heat balance.

6(a) Explain, with a sketch, the working of reciprocating air compressor. Why is the mass
of air handled by the compressor is less when the delivery pressure is more?
(b) A single stage reciprocating air compressor takes in 8 m3/min of air at 1 bar and 300 C
and delivers it at 6 bar. The clearance is 5% of the stroke. The expansion and
compression are polytropic with the value of n = 1.3. Calculate: (a) the temperature of
delivered air, and (b) volumetric efficiency of the compressor.

7(a) Define following terms for centrifugal compressor :

(i) Adiabatic coefficient (ii) Slip factor (iii) Work factor (iv) Pressure coefficient.
(b) A centrifugal compressor runs at a speed of 15,000 rpm and delivers 30 kg of air per
second. Exit radius is 0.35 m, relative velocity at exit is 100 m/s at an exit angle of 75 0.
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Assume axial inlet and T01=300 K and p01= 1 bar. Calculate the (i) work done, and (ii)
power required to drive the compressor.

8(a) Derive an expression for Degree of Reaction for an axial flow compressor.
(b) Air flows through an axial flow compressor. The axial velocity is 60% of the blade
speed at the mean radius. The degree of reaction is 0.4. The absolute velocity enters the
stator at an angle of 550 from the axial direction.
(i) Draw the velocity diagrams at the inlet and outlet of the rotor.
(ii) Determine the blade-loading coefficient.
---oo0oo---
Prepared by :
Dr.A.C.S.Kumar,
Professor of Mech. Engg.,
J.B.I.E.T., Moinabad,
Hyderabad.