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Soda Pulping - Wikipedia

Soda pulping is a chemical pulping process that uses sodium hydroxide to break down lignin in wood fibers. It was one of the earliest chemical pulping methods developed in the 1850s. Soda pulping produces pulp with lower strength than kraft or sulfite pulping but can be used effectively on easy to pulp materials like straw or some hardwoods. Around 5-10% of global paper production comes from agricultural crops processed using soda pulping, notably bagasse and wheat straw.

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335 views7 pages

Soda Pulping - Wikipedia

Soda pulping is a chemical pulping process that uses sodium hydroxide to break down lignin in wood fibers. It was one of the earliest chemical pulping methods developed in the 1850s. Soda pulping produces pulp with lower strength than kraft or sulfite pulping but can be used effectively on easy to pulp materials like straw or some hardwoods. Around 5-10% of global paper production comes from agricultural crops processed using soda pulping, notably bagasse and wheat straw.

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Soda pulping

Soda pulping is a chemical process for


making wood pulp with sodium
hydroxide as the cooking chemical. In the
Soda-AQ process, anthraquinone (AQ)
may be used as a pulping additive to
decrease the carbohydrate degradation.
The soda process gives pulp with lower
tear strength than other chemical pulping
processes (sulfite process and kraft
process), but has still limited use for
easy pulped materials like straw and
some hardwoods.[1]
History
A precursor to the soda pulping process
was the paper making process
developed by Matthias Koops in 1801
which involved washing wood shavings
in limewater, adding soda crystals and
then boiling the mixture.[2] Soda pulping
was one of the first chemical pulping
methods and was invented in 1851 by
Burgess (United States) and Watts
(England). In France in 1852 Coupier and
Mellier patented a soda process the
patent of which preceded that of Watt
and Burgess, which was filed in 1854.
The first mill was started in 1866 in the
USA. In 1865 they patented a method for
recovery of the cooking liquors by
incineration of the spent liquor. Many of
the early soda mills converted to kraft
mills once it was discovered.[3]

Production
Around 5%-10% of paper production
worldwide is produced from agricultural
crops, valuing agricultural paper
production at between $5 billion and $10
billion. The most notable of these
agricultural crops are wheat straw and
bagasse. Using agricultural crops rather
than wood has the added advantage of
reducing deforestation.
Due to the ease with which bagasse can
be chemically pulped, bagasse requires
less bleaching chemicals than wood pulp
to achieve a bright, white sheet of paper.

Most chemical bagasse pulp mills


concentrate the spent reaction chemicals
and combust them to power the paper-
mills and to recover the reaction
chemicals.

As solution for silicate scaling

Many grasses, bagasse, bamboo and


some tropical hardwoods contain much
silicates that may cause sodium
aluminum silicate scales. Moderate
amounts of silicates can be controlled
with purging lime mud or lime kiln ash.
Silicate removal from green liquor in a
soda mill can be achieved by lowering
the pH of the liquor with CO2-containing
flue gases from the lime kiln or other
sources. No commercial silicate removal
system is available for the kraft process,
but it can handle the small amounts of
silicates from northern woods.[4]

See also
Paper chemicals

References
1. Ali, Mona; Byrd, Medwick; Jameel,
Hasan (2001). "Soda-AQ pulping of Cotton
Stalks" (PDF). Archived from the original
(PDF) on 2006-11-01. Retrieved
2009-01-20.
2. Ward, James (11 September 2014).
"Adventures in Stationery: A Journey
Through Your Pencil Case" . Profile.
Retrieved 19 April 2018 – via Google
Books.
3. Biermann, Christpher J. (1996). "3".
Handbook of Pulping and Papermaking
(2nd ed.). p. 86. ISBN 0-12-097362-6..
4. Gullichsen, Johan; Paulapuro, Hannu
(2000). "12". Chemical Pulping.
Papermaing Science and Technology. 6B.
Finland. pp. B91–B92. ISBN 952-5216-06-
3..
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