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Lecture-3 Mesh & Nodal Analysis

This document summarizes a lecture on circuit analysis techniques. It introduces mesh current analysis and nodal voltage analysis. Mesh current analysis uses Kirchhoff's laws and Cramer's rule to solve for unknown mesh currents in a circuit. Nodal voltage analysis uses Kirchhoff's current law at nodes to set up equations relating unknown node voltages. Sample problems demonstrate applying both techniques to solve circuit problems. Practice problems are provided to reinforce the concepts.

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91 views

Lecture-3 Mesh & Nodal Analysis

This document summarizes a lecture on circuit analysis techniques. It introduces mesh current analysis and nodal voltage analysis. Mesh current analysis uses Kirchhoff's laws and Cramer's rule to solve for unknown mesh currents in a circuit. Nodal voltage analysis uses Kirchhoff's current law at nodes to set up equations relating unknown node voltages. Sample problems demonstrate applying both techniques to solve circuit problems. Practice problems are provided to reinforce the concepts.

Uploaded by

nithish
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electrical Circuits for Engineers

(EC1000)

Lecture-3
Mesh & Nodal Analysis

Dr. B. Chitti Babu


Room No: 119-B, First Floor, Lab Complex
Email: [email protected]
Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engineering

Electric Ckts for Engineers


Overview
Circuit Analysis
Circuit Analysis
Cramer’s rule
Mesh current method
Cramer’s rule
Node voltage method
Problems Mesh current method
Practice problems
Node voltage method
Problems
Practice problems
Circuit Analysis
Cramer’s rule 𝑎11 𝑦1 𝑎13
𝐷𝑒𝑡 𝐴2 = 𝑎21 𝑦2 𝑎23
𝑎11 𝑥1 + 𝑎12 𝑥2 + 𝑎13 𝑥3 = 𝑦1 𝑎31 𝑦3 𝑎33
𝑎21 𝑥1 + 𝑎22 𝑥2 + 𝑎23 𝑥3 = 𝑦2 𝑎11 𝑎12 𝑦1
𝑎31 𝑥1 + 𝑎32 𝑥2 + 𝑎33 𝑥3 = 𝑦3 𝐷𝑒𝑡 𝐴3 = 𝑎21 𝑎22 𝑦2
𝑎31 𝑎32 𝑦3

𝑎11 𝑎12 𝑎13 𝑥1 𝑦1 𝐷𝑒𝑡(𝐴1 )


𝑎21 𝑎22 𝑎23 𝑥2 = 𝑦2 𝑥1 =
𝐷𝑒𝑡(𝐴)
𝑎31 𝑎32 𝑎33 𝑥3 𝑦3
𝐷𝑒𝑡(𝐴2 )
𝐴𝑋 = 𝑌 𝑥2 =
𝐷𝑒𝑡(𝐴)
𝑎11 𝑎12 𝑎13
𝐷𝑒𝑡 𝐴 = 𝑎21 𝑎22 𝑎23 𝐷𝑒𝑡(𝐴3 )
𝑥3 =
𝑎31 𝑎32 𝑎33 𝐷𝑒𝑡(𝐴)

𝑦1 𝑎12 𝑎13
𝐷𝑒𝑡 𝐴1 = 𝑦2 𝑎22 𝑎23
𝑦3 𝑎32 𝑎33
Circuit Analysis
• 𝐴. 𝑋 = 𝑌

• Using Ohm’s Law


• 𝑅. 𝐼 = 𝑉 Mesh current analysis

1
• 𝐼=𝑉
𝑅

• 𝐼 = 𝑉. 𝐺

• 𝐺. 𝑉 = 𝐼 Node voltage analysis


Mesh Analysis
Mesh current analysis

𝑎11 𝑎12 𝑎13


𝑎21 𝑎22 𝑎23 =
𝑎31 𝑎32 𝑎33

𝑥1
𝑥2 =
𝑥3
27
𝐼1 = 𝐼
−50 + 6𝐼1 + 5 𝐼1 − 𝐼2 = 0 (1) 5 2

11𝐼1 − 5𝐼2 = 50 (2)

+18𝐼2 + 4𝐼2 + 5 𝐼2 − 𝐼1 = 0 (3)

+27𝐼2 − 5𝐼1 = 0 (4)


Mesh Analysis
Using Cramer’s rule
Mesh Analysis

−120 + 40𝐼1 + 20 𝐼1 − 𝐼2 = 0 (1)

+60𝐼2 + 20 𝐼2 − 𝐼1 + 65 = 0 (2)

60𝐼1 − 20𝐼2 = 120 (3)

−20𝐼1 + 80𝐼2 = −65 (4)


Nodal Analysis
Ground
• The voltage at one point in a circuit is always measured relative to
another point in the circuit.
• For example, if we say that voltage at a point in a circuit is + 10V,
we mean that the point is 10V more positive than some reference
point in the circuit.
• This reference point in a circuit is usually called the ground point.
• Thus ground is used as reference point (zero reference point ) for
specifying voltages.

Symbols for ground


Nodal Analysis

Current always flows from higher potential to lower potential


Nodal Analysis
Find the node voltages at nodes 1 and 2

Solving Eqn. (2) and (4) we get


Nodal Analysis

At node 1
At node 2
𝑉1 𝑉1 − 𝑉2
+ −5 =0 (1)
2 4 𝑉2 𝑉2 − 𝑉1
+ + 5 − 10 = 0 (2)
6 4
3𝑉1 − 𝑉2 = 20 (2)
V1=13.33 V
−3𝑉1 + 5𝑉2 = 60 (4)
V2 = 20V
Nodal Analysis
Nodal Analysis

Electric Ckts for Engineers


Problems

Electric Ckts for Engineers


Problems

Electric Ckts for Engineers


Practical Problems

Electric Ckts for Engineers


Practical Problems

Electric Ckts for Engineers


Thank You

Electric Ckts for Engineers

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