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Spring Class Notes by Raghu Sir

The document discusses configuring Spring framework dependencies by defining Spring bean classes and configuration files, and shows an example of creating an Employee class as a Spring bean, configuring its properties in an XML file, and accessing the bean through the ApplicationContext. It also describes different ways to inject property values into Spring beans using XML tags.

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100% found this document useful (2 votes)

2K views

Spring Class Notes by Raghu Sir

Uploaded by

prasad p

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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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RaghuSir Sathya Technologies

Sathya Technologies, Ameerpet

Spring
Framework

By : Raghu

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SPRING FRAMEWORK
Spring Practice -First Program:

1) Spring container takes two inputs like Spring Bean and Configuration File. After
Reading them, Spring container instantiates and assigns the values.
2) By default it creates singleton Objects in Container.
3) To read the Object use getBean(String beanName):Object method.

Step 1) Create New Java Project and Add build path (Spring JARS and +Commons-logging
JAR)

Spring Download Location:

https://repo.spring.io/release/org/springframework/spring/3.2.5.RELEASE/spring-
framework-3.2.5.RELEASE-dist.zip

(Extract and Find JARS in dist folder)

Commons-Logging JAR:

http://central.maven.org/maven2/commons-logging/commons-
logging/1.1.1/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar

>> Click on File->New -> Java Project.

>> Provide Any Sample Name (ex: SpringCore) click on Finish Button

>> Right Click on Project -> Choose Build Path -> Configure buildPath-> Libraries Tab-
>Add External JARS (Select above downloaded JARS). Even add Commons-logging jar.

Step 2) Right Click on src folder -> New Class-> Enter package and Class name:

Ex:

package com.app;

public class Employee {

private int empId;
private String empName;
private double empSal;
public Employee() {
super();

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}
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
public double getEmpSal() {
return empSal;
}
public void setEmpSal(double empSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName
+ ", empSal=" + empSal + "]";
}
}

Step 3) Create A Spring configuration file to configure the Spring Bean Class.
Right Click on src->new->other->type XML-> select XML File-> Next-> Enter any name.xml
(ex: config.xml)->Finish

Double click on file to open and goto source tab.

And provide configuration for Employee.java
Ex:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

<bean class="com.app.Employee" name="emp">

<property name="empId">
<value>10</value>
</property>
<property name="empName">
<value>ABCD</value>
</property>
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Step 4) Create a new Test Class to Access the above Object.

Right Click on src->new->class Enter any name (Ex:Main.java)

package com.app;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.app.module.Employee;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception, Exception {

ApplicationContext context=new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Employee emp=(Employee)context.getBean("emp");
System.out.println(emp);

Note: Here ApplicationContext is an interface. It represents Spring Container. And It’s

Implementation class is ClassPathXMLApplicationContext.

>> getBean(String beanName):Object return required Objects in up-casted format. Again we

need to downcast them.

Some Core Java Concepts used in the above Coding:

Up-casting: Referring Sub class object using Super Type(Class or interface). To do up casting
classes must have inheritance relation.
Down-casting: Already Up casted Object again converting to Sub type is known as Down-
casting.

Here

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Note: Eclipse must be under Java Perspective.

Eclipse Shortcuts : Alt+Shift+S R (Setters and Getters), Alt+Shift+S S (toString

method),Alt+Shift+S O (Constructors).

Spring Introduction Notes 2:

Spring Bean Primitive type setter injection code can be written in 3 ways. They are

i)Value as Tag(<value></value>)

ii)Value as Attribute(<property name=”” value=””/>)

iii)p-Name space(<bean name=”” class=”” p:variable-name=”value”/>)

ex:

Spring Bean:

packagecom.app.module;

publicclass Employee {
privateintempId;
private String empName;
privatedoubleempSal;
public Employee() {
super();
}
publicintgetEmpId() {
returnempId;
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}
publicvoidsetEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
returnempName;
}
publicvoidsetEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
publicdoublegetEmpSal() {
returnempSal;
}
publicvoidsetEmpSal(doubleempSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName
+ ", empSal=" + empSal + "]";
}

}
For the Above Spring bean Configuration code can be written as:
i)Value as tag: (Spring Configuration XML Code)
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="emp">
<propertyname="empId">
<value>10</value>
</property>
<propertyname="empName">
<value>ABCD</value>
</property>
<propertyname="empSal">
<value>732.36</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
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ii)Value as attribute:
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="emp">
<propertyname="empId"value="10"/>
<propertyname="empName"value="abcd"/>
<propertyname="empSal"value="23.36"/>
</bean>
</beans>
iii)p-Name Space(p-Schema):
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="emp"p:empId="101"p:empName="
ABCD"p:empSal="20.36"/>

</beans>
(Observe the red colour line. That is need to be added while using p-schema)

Note: a) For a dependency , we cannot configure a property more than one time

Ex:

<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="emp"p:empId="101">
<propertyname="empId">
<value>101</value>
</property>
</bean>

Main Class:

Public class Main{

publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws Exception, Exception {

ApplicationContext
context=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Employee emp=(Employee)context.getBean("emp");
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System.out.println(emp);

Output:

xception in thread "main"

org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.BeanDefinitionParsingException: Configuration
problem: Property 'empId' is already defined using both <property> and inline syntax. Only
one approach may be used per property.
<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="emp">
<propertyname="empId">
<value>101</value>
</property>
<propertyname="empId">
<value>102</value>
</property>
</bean>

Exception:

org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.BeanDefinitionParsingException: Configuration
problem: Multiple 'property' definitions for property 'empId'
Note: b) By default <value> tag takes input as String type and later it will be parsed to
specific type. If Data can’t be parsed (or any mismatch) then conversion problem will
occur, and appropriate exception will be thrown.

Like Number format Exception.

Ex: empId is int type and sending data as “ABCD”

<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="emp">
<propertyname="empId">
<value>ABCD</value>
</property>

</bean>

Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException:

Error creating bean with name 'emp' defined in class path resource [config.xml]:
Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is
org.springframework.beans.TypeMismatchException: Failed to convert property value of
type 'java.lang.String' to required type 'int' for property 'empId'; nested exception is
java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: "ABCD"

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Note: c) getBean(String beanName,Classclasstype) is a overloaded method, which is used

to read a bean from spring container with any down casting.

Ex:

publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws Exception, Exception {

ApplicationContext
context=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Employee emp=(Employee)context.getBean("emp",Employee.class);
System.out.println(emp);

Spring Collections:

In Spring basically collections are configured as

1) List
2) Set
3) Map
4) Properties

To specify above collections , tag are <list>,<set>,<map> and <props>

Here <map> contains internally entries (<entry>). Every entry contains <key> and <value> ,
these even can be represents as attributes.

Ex:

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Properties also stores data in the key value pair only. But by default key and values are type
String in Properties. It contains child tag <prop key=””></prop>. It doesn’t contain any
<value> tag to represent the value; we can directly specify the value in between the <prop>
tag.

Ex:

Employee.java

packagecom.app.module;

importjava.util.List;
importjava.util.Map;
importjava.util.Properties;
importjava.util.Set;

publicclass Employee {
private List<String>empList;
private Set<String>empSet;
private Map<String,String>empMap;
private Properties empProperties;
public List<String>getEmpList() {
returnempList;
}
publicvoidsetEmpList(List<String>empList) {
this.empList = empList;
}
public Set<String>getEmpSet() {
returnempSet;
}
publicvoidsetEmpSet(Set<String>empSet) {
this.empSet = empSet;
}
public Map<String, String>getEmpMap() {
returnempMap;
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}
publicvoidsetEmpMap(Map<String, String>empMap) {
this.empMap = empMap;
}
public Properties getEmpProperties() {
returnempProperties;
}
publicvoidsetEmpProperties(Properties empProperties) {
this.empProperties = empProperties;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empList=" + empList + ", empSet=" + empSet
+ ", empMap=" + empMap + ", empProperties=" +
empProperties
+ "]";
}

Spring Configuration File :config.xml

<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="emp">
<propertyname="empList">
<list>
<value>A</value>
<value>A</value>
<value>A</value>
<value>B</value>
<value>C</value>
<value>D</value>
</list>
</property>
<propertyname="empSet">
<set>
<value>A</value>
<value>A</value>

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</beans>

Main Program:

publicclass Main {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws Exception, Exception {
ApplicationContext
context=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Employee emp=(Employee)context.getBean("emp");
System.out.println(emp);

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Output:

Employee [empList=[A, A, A, B, C, D], empSet=[A, B, C, D], empMap={K1=V1, K2=V2, K3=V3,

K4=V4}, empProperties={key2=val2, key1=val3}]

Note 1):
Empty Object Reference and Null Reference:-
If any Object created with no data and referred with a reference is known as empty Object.
For ex: List l1=new ArrayList(); Creating empty Array List.
If a reference not even contains empty object. Or reference, that doesn’t point to Object is
known as null Reference.

Ex:

packagecom.app.module;

importjava.util.List;

publicclass Employee {
private List<String>empList;
public List<String>getEmpList() {
returnempList;
}
publicvoidsetEmpList(List<String>empList) {
this.empList = empList;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empList=" + empList + "]";
}
}
For the above class, configuration code is given as:

Case 1)

<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="emp">

</bean>

Employee Object Created with empList as null

Case2)

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<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="emp">
<propertyname="empList">
<list></list>
</property>
</bean>

Employee Object created with empList with zero size (Or empty List)

Case 3)

<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="emp">
<propertyname="empList"></property>
</bean>

In case of any property tag is defined without any value tag, then Spring Container throws
Exception:

org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.BeanDefinitionParsingException: Configuration
problem: <property> element for property 'empList' must specify a ref or value

Spring Notes: Reference Type Dependency

A Class can have relation with another class (HAS-A) dependency. To configure that in Spring
Configuration File (config.xml) <ref/> tag is used.

Syntax:

<ref bean="already existed bean name with same type "/>

In this case we must configure always independent class first, then configure dependent
class

ex:

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package com.app;

public class Employee {

private int empId;

private Address empAddr;
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public Address getEmpAddr() {
return empAddr;
}
public void setEmpAddr(Address empAddr) {
this.empAddr = empAddr;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empAddr=" + empAddr + "]";
}

}
========

package com.app;

public class Address {

private int addrId;

private String loc;
public int getAddrId() {

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return addrId;
}
public void setAddrId(int addrId) {
this.addrId = addrId;
}
public String getLoc() {
return loc;
}
public void setLoc(String loc) {
this.loc = loc;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Address [addrId=" + addrId + ", loc=" + loc + "]";
}

}
=====

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<bean class="com.app.Address" name="addrObj">

===========

package com.app;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

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public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

ApplicationContext context=new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Employee employee=context.getBean("empObj", Employee.class);
System.out.println(employee);
}
}
==

Output:

Employee [empId=1010, empAddr=Address [addrId=101, loc=abcd]]

==============

Note: If a class is having interface dependency , then class must be configured with
implemented class.

ex:

Here DataSource is interface. So we cannot configure that, so, DriverManagerDS can be

injected to EmployeeDao.

Now XML Code is:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

<bean class="com.app.DriverManagerDS" name="dsObj">

Spring : Reference Type Dependency:

Spring Reference Type Dependency Can be configured as 4 ways:

1) ref as tag (<ref bean=""/>)

2) ref as Attribute (<property name="" ref=""/>)

3) p-schema (<bean name="" class="" p:variable-ref="">)

4) inner bean (<bean..><property..><bean..> </bean></peoperty></bean>)

ex:

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Java Code:

Address.java

package com.app;

public class Address {

private int addrId;

private String loc;
public int getAddrId() {
return addrId;
}
public void setAddrId(int addrId) {
this.addrId = addrId;
}
public String getLoc() {
return loc;
}
public void setLoc(String loc) {
this.loc = loc;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Address [addrId=" + addrId + ", loc=" + loc + "]";
}

}
=========================
Employee.java

package com.app;

public class Employee {

private int empId;

private Address empAddr;
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public Address getEmpAddr() {
return empAddr;
}
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public void setEmpAddr(Address empAddr) {

this.empAddr = empAddr;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empAddr=" + empAddr + "]";
}

Spring Configuration File:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

<bean class="com.app.Address" name="addrObj">

<bean class="com.app.Employee" name="empObj">

</beans>

Test.java

package com.app;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {

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public static void main(String[] args) {

ApplicationContext context=new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Employee employee=context.getBean("empObj", Employee.class);
System.out.println(employee);
}
}
output: Employee [empId=101, empAddr=Address [addrId=1010, loc=ABCD]]

4 Ways Of Spring Configuration code for reference type is given below :

1) ref as tag:

<bean class="com.app.Employee" name="empObj">

2) ref as attribute:

<bean class="com.app.Employee" name="empObj">

<property name="empId" value="101"/>
<property name="empAddr" ref="addrObj"/>
</bean>
3) p-schema:

<bean class="com.app.Employee" name="empObj" p:empAddr-ref="addrObj">

Note: <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

p schema line must be added in XML File.

4) Inner Bean:

<bean class="com.app.Employee" name="empObj">

<property name="empId" value="101" />
<property name="empAddr">
<bean class="com.app.Address" name="addrObj">
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<property name="addrId">
<value>1010</value>
</property>
<property name="loc" value="ABCD" />
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
==================

equals() Method:

equals is a non-final,no-static,non-private(public method) method defined in

java.lang.Object class.

it compares two objects memory location. It returns true if two references refers same
object, but not similar Objects. Two make equals comparing data (as similar Objects), just
override that method and write logic of Objects comparison.

For ex:

At the time of adding References Objects to Set data, which stores Objects of a class that
doesn't override the equals method, then if we add similar objects, even it treats as
different object.

(Always remember equals method by default check either same or not, that means Two
Object must refer same Object. To make equals comparing similar or not, override the
method )

Ex: Without equals:

Program and Output:

Address.java

package com.app;

public class Address {

private int addrId;

private String loc;
public int getAddrId() {
return addrId;
}
public void setAddrId(int addrId) {
this.addrId = addrId;
}
public String getLoc() {
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return loc;
}
public void setLoc(String loc) {
this.loc = loc;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Address [addrId=" + addrId + ", loc=" + loc + "]";
}

}
Test.java

package com.app;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Address address1=new Address();
address1.setAddrId(101);
address1.setLoc("ABCD");

Address address2=new Address();

address2.setAddrId(101);
address2.setLoc("ABCD");

Address address3=new Address();

address3.setAddrId(101);
address3.setLoc("ABCD");

Set<Address> addrSet=new HashSet<Address>();

addrSet.add(address1);
addrSet.add(address2);
addrSet.add(address3);

System.out.println(addrSet);
}
}
output: [Address [addrId=101, loc=ABCD], Address [addrId=101, loc=ABCD], Address
[addrId=101, loc=ABCD]]

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Ex: With equals:

Note : To generate equals and hashCode method use shortcut in eclipse (alt+shift+s and
h)

package com.app;

public class Address {

private int addrId;

@Override
public int hashCode() {
final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + addrId;
result = prime * result + ((loc == null) ? 0 : loc.hashCode());
return result;
}

@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())

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return false;
Address other = (Address) obj;
if (addrId != other.addrId)
return false;
if (loc == null) {
if (other.loc != null)
return false;
} else if (!loc.equals(other.loc))
return false;
return true;
}

}
Test.java:

package com.app;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Address address1=new Address();
address1.setAddrId(101);
address1.setLoc("ABCD");

Address address2=new Address();

address2.setAddrId(101);
address2.setLoc("ABCD");

Address address3=new Address();

address3.setAddrId(101);
address3.setLoc("ABCD");

Set<Address> addrSet=new HashSet<Address>();

addrSet.add(address1);
addrSet.add(address2);
addrSet.add(address3);

System.out.println(addrSet);
}
}
output:[Address [addrId=101, loc=ABCD]]

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Spring Collections with References:

Collection with reference Type can be configured as

1) Inner bean mode

2) External Bean as Reference

3) Stand Alone Collections

ex:

Java Code:

Address.java:

package com.app;

public class Address {

private int addrId;

private String loc;
public int getAddrId() {
return addrId;
}
public void setAddrId(int addrId) {
this.addrId = addrId;
}
public String getLoc() {
return loc;
}
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public void setLoc(String loc) {

this.loc = loc;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Address [addrId=" + addrId + ", loc=" + loc + "]";
}

@Override
public int hashCode() {
final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + addrId;
result = prime * result + ((loc == null) ? 0 : loc.hashCode());
return result;
}

@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
Address other = (Address) obj;
if (addrId != other.addrId)
return false;
if (loc == null) {
if (other.loc != null)
return false;
} else if (!loc.equals(other.loc))
return false;
return true;
}

}
Employee.java

package com.app;

import java.util.List;

public class Employee {

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private int empId;

private List<Address> empAddr;
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public List<Address> getEmpAddr() {
return empAddr;
}
public void setEmpAddr(List<Address> empAddr) {
this.empAddr = empAddr;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empAddr=" + empAddr + "]";
}

}
Configuration code:

1) Inner Bean Mode:-

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

<bean class="com.app.Employee" name="empObj">

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</beans>

2) External Bean as Reference:-

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

<bean class="com.app.Address" name="addr1">

</beans>

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3) Util Schema:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util

http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd">

<util:list id="list1" list-class="java.util.LinkedList">

</beans>

Test.java:

package com.app;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {

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public static void main(String[] args) {

ApplicationContext context=new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Employee employee=context.getBean("empObj", Employee.class);
System.out.println(employee);
/*to know the implemented class type of list*/
System.out.println(employee.getEmpAddr().getClass().getName());
}
}
output:

Ex:

Employee [empId=101, empAddr=[Address [addrId=10, loc=HYD], Address [addrId=20,

loc=HYD2], Address [addrId=30, loc=HYD1]]]
java.util.LinkedList

Spring Map Configuration:

1) Tag based (external bean reference)

2) Inner bean
3) Standalone collections

1) Tag based (external reference)

Map can have key value pair in 4 combinations, and every combination can be
configured in 4 ways.

a) Map Key as Primitive and value as Primitive

b) Map Key as Primitive and value as Reference
c) Map Key as Reference and value as Primitive
d) Map Key as Reference and value as Reference

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Ex: a) Map Key as Primitive and value as Primitive : Example Configuration code is given
below,

Spring configuration Code:

<beanclass="com.app.Employee"name="empObj">
<propertyname="empMap">
<map>
<entry>
<key>
<value>Key1</value>
</key>
<value>Val1</value>
</entry>
<entrykey="Key2">
<value>Val2</value>
</entry>
<entryvalue="Val3">
<key>
<value>Key3</value>
</key>
</entry>
<entrykey="Key4"value="Val4"/>
</map>
</property>
</bean>

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</beans>

b) Map Key as Primitive and value as Reference: Example Configuration code :

<beanclass="com.app.Address"name="addr1">
<propertyname="addrId"value="110"/>
<propertyname="loc"value="HYD1"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Address"name="addr2">
<propertyname="addrId"value="120"/>
<propertyname="loc"value="HYD2"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Address"name="addr3">
<propertyname="addrId"value="130"/>
<propertyname="loc"value="HYD3"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Address"name="addr4">
<propertyname="addrId"value="140"/>
<propertyname="loc"value="HYD4"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Employee"name="empObj">
<propertyname="empMap">
<map>
<entry>
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c) Map Key as Reference and value as Primitive: example Configuration code:

Note: If key is reference type (class) , that class must override hashCode and equals
methods(alt+shift+s h)

<beanclass="com.app.Address"name="addr1">
<propertyname="addrId"value="110"/>
<propertyname="loc"value="HYD1"/>
</bean>

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<beanclass="com.app.Address"name="addr2">
<propertyname="addrId"value="120"/>
<propertyname="loc"value="HYD2"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Address"name="addr3">
<propertyname="addrId"value="130"/>
<propertyname="loc"value="HYD3"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Address"name="addr4">
<propertyname="addrId"value="140"/>
<propertyname="loc"value="HYD4"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Employee"name="empObj">
<propertyname="empMap">
<map>
<entry>
<key>
<ref bean="addr1"/>
</key>
<value>Val1</value>
</entry>
<entrykey-ref="addr2">
<value>val2</value>
</entry>
<entryvalue="val3">
<key>
<refbean="addr3"/>
</key>
</entry>
<entry key-ref="addr4"value="val4"/>
</map>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
d) Map Key as Reference and value as Reference:
Example Configuration Code:

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<beanclass="com.app.Project"name="proj1">
<propertyname="projId"value="210"/>
<propertyname="projMode"value="A1"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Project"name="proj2">
<propertyname="projId"value="220"/>
<propertyname="projMode"value="A2"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Project"name="proj3">
<propertyname="projId"value="230"/>
<propertyname="projMode"value="A3"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Project"name="proj4">
<propertyname="projId"value="240"/>
<propertyname="projMode"value="A4"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Address"name="addr1">
<propertyname="addrId"value="110"/>
<propertyname="loc"value="HYD1"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Address"name="addr2">
<propertyname="addrId"value="120"/>
<propertyname="loc"value="HYD2"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Address"name="addr3">
<propertyname="addrId"value="130"/>
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<propertyname="loc"value="HYD3"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Address"name="addr4">
<propertyname="addrId"value="140"/>
<propertyname="loc"value="HYD4"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Employee"name="empObj">
<propertyname="empMap">
<map>
<entry>
<key>
<refbean="addr1"/>
</key>
<refbean="proj1"/>
</entry>
<entrykey-ref="addr2">
<refbean="proj2"/>
</entry>
<entryvalue-ref="proj3">
<key>
<refbean="addr3"/>
</key>
</entry>
<entrykey-ref="addr4"value-ref="proj4"/>
</map>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
2) Inner Bean:
Instead of referring the bean from key tag or ref tag, we can even declare the bean
inside the key or entry.

Ex:

<beanclass="com.app.Employee"name="empObj">
<propertyname="empMap">
<map>
<entry>
<key>
<beanclass="com.app.Project"name="proj1">
<propertyname="projId"value="210"/>
<propertyname="projMode"value="A1"/>
</bean>
</key>
<beanclass="com.app.Address"name="addr1">

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<propertyname="addrId"value="110"/>
<propertyname="loc"value="HYD1"/>
</bean>
</entry>
</map>
</property>
</bean>

Here bean declared inside the key represents Key bean and bean declared outside key and
inside the entry represent value bean.

3) Standalone collections

We can declare a specific collection type using util schema and can be referred from the
property tag as a bean.

Ex:

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"xmlns:util="http://www.sprin
gframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd">

<beanclass="com.app.Project"name="proj3">
<propertyname="projId"value="230"/>
<propertyname="projMode"value="A3"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Address"name="addr3">
<propertyname="addrId"value="190"/>
<propertyname="loc"value="HYD5"/>
</bean>

<util:mapid="sampleMap"map-class="java.util.TreeMap">
<entry>
<key>
<beanclass="com.app.Project"name="proj1">
<propertyname="projId"value="210"/>
<propertyname="projMode"value="A1"/>
</bean>
</key>
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<beanclass="com.app.Project"name="proj2">
<propertyname="projId"value="220"/>
<propertyname="projMode"value="A2"/>
</bean>
</entry>
<entrykey-ref="proj3">
<refbean="addr3"/>
</entry>
</util:map>
<beanclass="com.app.Employee"name="empObj">
<propertyname="empMap">
<refbean="sampleMap"/>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>

Spring Constructor Dependency Injection:

In Spring Object creation can be done by using default or parameterized constructor.

By default <bean> tag calls default constructor, to specify a parameterized constructor use
<constructor-arg> in <bean> tag. One <constructor-arg> indicates one attribute. For
example if we want to call 3 parameterized constructor then we have to write <constructor-
arg> 3 times. To use feature, Bean class must have parameterized constructors.

Ex:

packagecom.app.module;

publicclass Employee {
privateintempId;
private String empName;
privatedoubleempSal;
public Employee() {
super();
}
public Employee(intempId, doubleempSal) {
super();
this.empId = empId;
this.empSal = empSal;
}
public Employee(intempId, String empName) {
super();
this.empId = empId;
this.empName = empName;
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}
public Employee(String empName, doubleempSal) {
super();
this.empName = empName;
this.empSal = empSal;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName
+ ", empSal=" + empSal + "]";
}

Spring Configuration File:

<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="empObj">

<constructor-arg>
<value>10</value>
</constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg>
<value>10.32</value>
</constructor-arg>

</bean>
</beans>

Test.java:

Public class Main{

publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws Exception, Exception {

ApplicationContext
context=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
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Employee emp=(Employee)context.getBean("empObj");
System.out.println(emp);

Output:

Employee [empId=10, empName=null, empSal=10.32]

Note: By default <value> tag in constructor tag represents String type. If not found the
String type then it choose the nearest one from given constructors in the given order.

For ex:

<constructor-arg>
<value>10</value>
</constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg>
<value>10.32</value>
</constructor-arg>

It will search for String,String . If not then Compare with First constructor of Class, if not
matched then second like go on to next constructor.
Note: To specify the particular constructor use the attributes like’
1) type (constructor argument data type)
<constructor-argtype="int">
<value>10</value>
</constructor-arg>
<constructor-argtype="double">
<value>10.32</value>
</constructor-arg>
2) index (starts from zero)
<constructor-argindex="0">
<value>10</value>
</constructor-arg>
<constructor-argindex="1">
<value>10.32</value>
</constructor-arg>
3) name (constructor argument name)

<constructor-argname="empId">
<value>10</value>
</constructor-arg>
<constructor-argname="empSal">

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<value>10.32</value>
</constructor-arg>
Note: <constructor-arg> tag also supports writing of code formats which are supported by
<property> tag. Like inner bean, ref tag and attribute, Stand-alone collection reference
etc..
Ex:
<constructor-arg>
<value>10</value>
</constructor-arg>
<constructor-argvalue="ABCD"/>
<constructor-arg>
<map>
<entrykey="abcd"value="empObj1"/>
</map>
</constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg>
<beanclass="com.app.Address">
<propertyname="addrId"value="10101"/>
</bean>
</constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg>
<refbean="addrObj"/>
</constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg>
<props>
<propkey="K1">V1</prop>
<propkey="K2">V2</prop>
</props>
</constructor-arg>

While Executing the Constructor, If matching’s not found for Data type then it follows 3
Rules
1) Primitive Type Conversion(Priority 1)
2) Auto Boxing And up-casting (Priority 2)
3) Var-args (In up casted Order)(Priority 3)

In the Below Example Order is given as:

package com.app.module;

import java.io.Serializable;

publicclass Employee {
public Employee(byte x,byte y) {
System.out.println("Order-1(never)");
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}
public Employee(short x,short y) {
System.out.println("Order-2(never)");
}
public Employee(int x,int y) {
System.out.println("Order1");
}
public Employee(long x,long y) {
System.out.println("Order2");
}
public Employee(float x,float y) {
System.out.println("Order3");
}
public Employee(double x,double y) {
System.out.println("Order4");
}
public Employee(Integer x,Integer y) {
System.out.println("Order5");
}
public Employee(Double x,Double y) {
System.out.println("Order5(never)");
}
public Employee(Number x,Number y) {
System.out.println("Order6");
}
public Employee(Serializable x,Serializable y) {
System.out.println("Order7");
}
public Employee(Object x,Object y) {
System.out.println("Order8");
}
public Employee(Integer... integers) {
System.out.println("Order9");
}
public Employee(Number... integers ) {
System.out.println("Order10");
}
public Employee(Serializable... serializables) {
System.out.println("Order11");
}
public Employee(Object... integers) {
System.out.println("Order12");
}
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
//write the above constructor in any order. They are called in Specified
//number formats only.
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Employee emp=new Employee(10,10);

}
}

Process 1:

Process 2:

Process 3:

Invalid Process:

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**** Note: at a time type conversion and auto-boxing can never be done.

Spring Bean Life Cycle Methods:

Spring Bean is having two life cycle methods, which are called automatically by spring
container.

1) init-method
2) destroy method

Note: init-method will be executed after creating bean (After CI and SI done). And Destroy
method will be called once before the Container shutdown or bean is removed from
container.

These are optional methods, an can be configured in 3 ways.

1) Using Interfaces
2) XML Configuration
3) Annotation Based

1) Using Interfaces: In Spring, to configure the init method InitializingBean which is

having an abstract method afterPropertiesSet():void and DisposableBean having an
abstract method destroy. We need to override these two methods in Bean class.

Ex:

packagecom.app.module;
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importorg.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean;
importorg.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;

publicclass Employee implementsInitializingBean,DisposableBean{

privateintempId;

public Employee() {
super();
System.out.println("In default constructor");
}

publicintgetEmpId() {
returnempId;
}

publicvoidsetEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
System.out.println("In empId setter method");
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + "]";
}

@Override
publicvoidafterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
System.out.println("Init -method");

}
@Override
publicvoid destroy() throws Exception {
System.out.println("Destory Method");
}
}

XML Config Code:-

<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="empObj">
<propertyname="empId"value="200"/>
</bean>
</beans>

Test.java

publicclassTest{

publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws Exception, Exception {

AbstractApplicationContextcontext=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xm
l");
Employee emp=(Employee)context.getBean("empObj");
System.out.println(emp);
context.registerShutdownHook();

2) XML Configuration:- By using <bean> tag specify two attributes, init-method and
destroy-method and provide method names for these.

Ex:

packagecom.app.module;

publicclass Employee {
privateintempId;

public Employee() {
super();
System.out.println("In default constructor");
}

publicintgetEmpId() {
returnempId;
}

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publicvoidsetEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
System.out.println("In empId setter method");
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + "]";
}

publicvoidabcd(){
System.out.println("In init-method");
}
publicvoidmnop(){
System.out.println("In destroy-method");
}
}
XMl Code:

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="empObj"init-
method="abcd"destroy-method="mnop">
<propertyname="empId"value="200"/>
</bean>
</beans>

***Test Class Remains Same

3) Annotation Based:- Here two Annotations are used to they are: @PostConstruct
(init) and @PreDestroy(destroy)

By Default all Annotations are in spring is disabled mode. We have to enable the
annotation before using them, either specific or all annotations.

To Enable these two annotations configure bean class:

org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor

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Ex:

packagecom.app.module;

importjavax.annotation.PostConstruct;
importjavax.annotation.PreDestroy;

publicclass Employee {
privateintempId;

public Employee() {
super();
System.out.println("In default constructor");
}

publicintgetEmpId() {
returnempId;
}

publicvoidsetEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
System.out.println("In empId setter method");
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + "]";
}

@PostConstruct
publicvoidabcd(){
System.out.println("In init-method");
}
@PreDestroy
publicvoidmnop(){
System.out.println("In destroy-method");
}
}
XML Code:

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

<beanclass="org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPost
Processor"/>

<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee" name="empObj">
<propertyname="empId"value="200"/>
</bean>
</beans>

Note: If we configure 3 ways , then container creates Object and calls 3 init and destroy
methods in below order

i) Annotated Methods
ii) Interface Methods
iii) XML Configured Methods

Spring Dependency Check:

All Spring Beans will have dependencies of type Primitive, Collection and References. At the
time of creating object injecting values are optional. To make the values injections
mandatory enable dependency check. This can be enabled group level (simple, object,all) or
individual level (@Required).

This can be written as

1) XML Based (dependency-check) (only available in Spring 2.X Versions)

2) Annotation Based (@Required)

1) XML Based : here at bean tag level, we have one attribute dependency-check which
is having 5 possible values
a. simple(Primitive type)
b. objects(Collection and Reference Types)
c. all
d. none
e. default (Will be decided by default-dependency-check tag)

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If we do not specify any value for the bean it considers as default is the value. But this
default value can be one of remaining 4 values and that will be decided by default-
dependency-check attribute from beans tag level.

Ex:

packagecom.app.module;

importjava.util.List;

publicclass Address {

privateintaddrId;
private List<String>data;
publicintgetAddrId() {
returnaddrId;
}
publicvoidsetAddrId(intaddrId) {
this.addrId = addrId;
}
public List<String>getData() {
returndata;
}
publicvoidsetData(List<String> data) {
this.data = data;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Address [addrId=" + addrId + ", data=" + data + "]";
}

}
packagecom.app.module;

importjava.util.List;

publicclass Employee {
privateintempId;
private String empName;
private Address addr;
private List<String>empList;
publicintgetEmpId() {
returnempId;
}
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publicvoidsetEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
returnempName;
}
publicvoidsetEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
public Address getAddr() {
returnaddr;
}
publicvoidsetAddr(Address addr) {
this.addr = addr;
}
public List<String>getEmpList() {
returnempList;
}
publicvoidsetEmpList(List<String>empList) {
this.empList = empList;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", addr="
+ addr + ", empList=" + empList + "]";
}

}
Configuration file:

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.or
g/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">

<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="empObj"dependency-
check="simple">

</bean>
</beans>

Main Class:

public classMain{
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publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws Exception, Exception {

ApplicationContextcontext=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Employee emp=(Employee)context.getBean("empObj");
System.out.println(emp);

Output:

Exception in thread "main"

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean
with name 'empObj' defined in class path resource [config.xml]: Unsatisfied dependency
expressed through bean property 'empId': Set this property value or disable dependency
checking for this bean.

Note:
a) Here to check all dependencies use all value
<beanclass="…"name="…"dependency-check="all">
</bean>
b) If we have multiple beans and for all we want to enable by default as simple type
then specify the default-dependency-check as simple at bean tag level. Even you can
override at specific bean level.
Ex:
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:c="ttp://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd"
default-dependency-check="simple"
>

<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="empObj">

</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.module.Address"name="addrObj"dependency-check="default">

</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.module.Project"name="projObj"dependency-check="simple">

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</bean>
</beans>

2) Using @Required Annotation:

By default all annotations are in disabled mode in spring, to activate this in spring configure
the class RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor. Or use Context schema,
<context:annotation-config/>

@Required annotation is applicable at setter method level. It is used to specify the

particular fields from the all dependencies. For example like 1 Primitive, 1 Reference from
10 Dependencies.

Ex:

packagecom.app.module;

importjava.util.List;

importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Required;

publicclass Employee {
privateintempId;
private String empName;
private Address addr;
private List<String>empList;
publicintgetEmpId() {
returnempId;
}
@Required
publicvoidsetEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
returnempName;
}
publicvoidsetEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
public Address getAddr() {
returnaddr;
}
publicvoidsetAddr(Address addr) {
this.addr = addr;
}
public List<String>getEmpList() {
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returnempList;
}
publicvoidsetEmpList(List<String>empList) {
this.empList = empList;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", addr="
+ addr + ", empList=" + empList + "]";
}

Format 1)
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

<beanclass="org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.RequiredAnnotationBea
nPostProcessor">

</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="empObj">

</bean>

</beans>

Format 2)

<context:annotation-config/>

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<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee"name="empObj">
</bean>

</beans>

Test Class

public class Main{

publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws Exception, Exception {

ApplicationContextcontext=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Employee emp=(Employee)context.getBean("empObj");
System.out.println(emp);

Output:

Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException:

Error creating bean with name 'empObj' defined in class path resource [config.xml]:
Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanInitializationException: Property 'empId' is required
for bean 'empObj'

Spring Instance Factory and Static Factory Design pattern:-

Spring supports in-built factory design pattern in 2 ways instance factory and static
factory.
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Here factory method returns object type. It will take dynamic input based on that, it will
create the object. In this case we need to configure only Factory class in spring
configuration file.

Ex:

Code:

packagecom.app.module;

publicclass Employee {
privateintempId;
private String empName;
public Employee() {
super();
}
public Employee(intempId, String empName) {
super();
this.empId = empId;
this.empName = empName;
}
publicintgetEmpId() {
returnempId;
}
publicvoidsetEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
returnempName;
}
publicvoidsetEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;

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}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + "]";
}

}
packagecom.app.module;

importjava.util.List;

publicclass Address {

privateintaddrId;
private String loc;
public Address() {
super();
}
public Address(intaddrId, String loc) {
super();
this.addrId = addrId;
this.loc = loc;
}
publicintgetAddrId() {
returnaddrId;
}
publicvoidsetAddrId(intaddrId) {
this.addrId = addrId;
}
public String getLoc() {
returnloc;
}
publicvoidsetLoc(String loc) {
this.loc = loc;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Address [addrId=" + addrId + ", loc=" + loc + "]";
}

}
packagecom.app.module;

publicclassSimpleFactory {

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publicstatic Object createObject(String name){

if("emp".equalsIgnoreCase(name)){
returnnew Employee(10,"ABCD");
}elseif("addr".equalsIgnoreCase(name)){
returnnew Address(200, "HYD");
}
returnnull;
}
}
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

<beanclass="com.app.module.SimpleFactory"name="sf"factory-
method="createObject">
<constructor-arg>
<value>addr</value>
</constructor-arg>
</bean>

</beans>

Test.java

publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws Exception, Exception {

ApplicationContextcontext=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Object ob=context.getBean("sf");
if(obinstanceof Employee){
Employee emp=(Employee)ob;
System.out.println(emp);
}elseif(obinstanceof Address){
Address add=(Address)ob;
System.out.println(add);
}
System.out.println("done");
}

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Output:

Address [addrId=200, loc=HYD]

Done

For Instance factory changed cod is:

Factory class:

packagecom.app.module;

publicclassSimpleFactory {

public Object createObject(String name){

if("emp".equalsIgnoreCase(name)){
returnnew Employee(10,"ABCD");
}elseif("addr".equalsIgnoreCase(name)){
returnnew Address(200, "HYD");
}
returnnull;
}
}

XML Code:

</bean>

<beanname="sf"factory-bean="sf1"factory-method="createObject">
<constructor-arg>
<value>emp</value>
</constructor-arg>
</bean>
</beans>

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Output:

Employee [empId=10, empName=ABCD]

done

Spring Bean Inheritance and Abstraction:

In Spring inheritance indicates reusability of Dependency code written in Spring

configuration file (XML), but not the meaning of Java Style Inheritance concept.

Abstraction indicates stopping of creating a bean (object ) in Spring container, normally

every bean can be abstract even though it's class is not abstract. But basically this is used to
specify the common properties as abstract bean which contains only name and abstraction
(true) with some commons Dependency Injections.

Ex: for Inheritance : to specify the reading of parent bean data ,use parent attribute at bean
tag level.

java Code:

package com.app;

public class Employee{

private int empId;

private String empName;
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
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}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + "]";
}

}
=======

package com.app;

public class Manager {

private int empId;

private String empName;
private String proj;
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
public String getProj() {
return proj;
}
public void setProj(String proj) {
this.proj = proj;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Manager [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + ", proj="
+ proj + "]";
}

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=======

Config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

<bean class="com.app.Employee" name="empObj">

<bean class="com.app.Manager" name="mObj" parent="empObj">

</beans>

=====

Test.java

package com.app;

import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

AbstractApplicationContext context = new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Object obj = context.getBean("mObj");
System.out.println(obj);

}
}
======

output:

Manager [empId=100, empName=ABCD, proj=XYZ]

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Note 1): Even we can use a common bean as template for both the classes common data
representation.

Format 1)

<bean name="commonData" abstract="true">

<bean class="com.app.Manager" name="mObj" parent="empObj">

format 2)

<bean name="commonData" abstract="true">

<bean class="com.app.Manager" name="mObj" parent="commonData">

Note 2): If value given by parent is not satisfied by child bean, then child bean can
override the value by performing dependency injection again.

<bean name="commonData" abstract="true">

<bean class="com.app.Manager" name="mObj" parent="commonData">

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<property name="proj" value="XYZ"/>

</bean>

Spring Auto wiring:-

Autowiring is a concept of injecting a spring bean automatically without writing <ref/> tag
by programmer. Programmer does not required to write explicitly Dependency Injection.

Autowiring can be configured in 2 ways :

1) XML based

2) Annotation Based

1) XML Based: XML based autowiring can be classified as

a) byName : compares the spring bean (java code) filed name (variable name) and
configuration code (XML file) bean name (bean tag name) , if they are matched then
automatically those objects will b bonded with each other using setter injection.

b) byType: It compares bean class variable Data type and spring bean class type. If both are
matched then it will do setter injection.

c) constructor: It check for parameterized constructor for creating object with reference
type as parameter. If not found then uses default constructor at last. Always checks More
number of parameters first, if not matched then next level less no of parameters
constructor will be compared, and then goes on up to default constructor.

d) no : it will not do any auto wiring. It is disabled by default.

e) default (default value is no, even we can change this)

f) autodetect (works only in older versions like 2.X) : It works like byType if default
constructor is available in spring bean, if not works like constructor if parameterized
constructor is available.

ex: consider the below example for above concept. Employee class has a Address class
Dependency.

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Java code:

package com.app;

public class Address {

private int addrId;

private String loc;

public int getAddrId() {

}
=====

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package com.app;

public class Employee{

private Address addr;

public Address getAddr() {

return addr;
}

public void setAddr(Address addr) {

this.addr = addr;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [addr=" + addr + "]";
}

======

code byType:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util

http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">

<bean class="com.app.Address" name="addrObj">

<property name="addrId" value="9856"/>
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<property name="loc" value="HYD"/>

</bean>

<bean class="com.app.Employee" name="empObj" autowire="byType">

</bean>
</beans>

=========

code byName:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util

http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">

<bean class="com.app.Address" name="addr">

<bean class="com.app.Employee" name="empObj" autowire="byName">

</bean>
</beans>
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========

constructor:

to use this option class must have at least one parameterized constructor.

Always constructor with more parameters will be compared first , if not matched then it
goes to next level more parameters constructor (like 4 parameters, 3 parameters ..) until
zero/default constructor. Even If default constructor not found then spring container throws
an exception saying that no constructor found.

Java Code:

package com.app;

public class Employee{

private Address addr;

public Employee() {
super();
System.out.println("In default");
}

public Employee(Address addr) {

super();
this.addr = addr;
System.out.println("in Param");
}

public Address getAddr() {

return addr;
}

public void setAddr(Address addr) {

this.addr = addr;
}
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@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [addr=" + addr + "]";
}

}
====

package com.app;

public class Address {

private int addrId;

private String loc;

public int getAddrId() {

package com.app;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception, Exception {

ApplicationContext context=new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");

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Address address=context.getBean("addrObj",Address.class);
System.out.println(address);
Employee employee=context.getBean("empObj",Employee.class);
System.out.println(employee);

System.out.println("done");
}

}
====

XML Code:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util

http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">

<bean class="com.app.Address" name="addr">

<bean class="com.app.Employee" name="empObj" autowire="constructor">

</bean>
</beans>

===========

package com.app;

import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

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public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

AbstractApplicationContext context = new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Employee obj = (Employee)context.getBean("empObj");
System.out.println(obj);

}
}
======

Note: 1) If more than one matchi9ng found while doing constructor , then it compares
names to inject the bean: for ex:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<bean class="com.app.Address" name="addr">

</bean>
</beans>

in the above code addr,addr2 are two objects then it compares the names to inject. So addr
will be select to inject. If no name matched then no object will be injected.

=========

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autodetect:

Java code:

package com.app;

public class Address {

private int addrId;

private String loc;

public int getAddrId() {

}
============

package com.app;

public class Employee{

private Address addr;

public Employee() {
super();
System.out.println("In default");
}

public Employee(Address addr) {

super();
this.addr = addr;
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System.out.println("in Param");
}

public Address getAddr() {

return addr;
}

public void setAddr(Address addr) {

this.addr = addr;
System.out.println("in setter");
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [addr=" + addr + "]";
}

}
===

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util

http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">

<bean class="com.app.Address" name="addr">

</bean>
</beans>

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package com.app;

import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

AbstractApplicationContext context = new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Employee obj = (Employee)context.getBean("empObj");
System.out.println(obj);

}
}

Note: if you execute the above code it will check for default constructor and if found it
performs byType Autowiring. If you comment default constructor then it uses
parameterized constructor.

output:

In default
in setter
Employee [addr=Address [addrId=9, loc=HYD9]]

on comment of default constructor:

/*public Employee() {
super();
System.out.println("In default");
}*/

output:

in Param
Employee [addr=Address [addrId=9, loc=HYD9]]

Spring Bean Scope:

1) singleton : This scope specifies , for every spring bean and for one configuration spring
container creates one object. This is the default scope of all spring beans.

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2) prototype: This scope indicates, creating a spring bean object on every read in spring
container.

3) request: It is applicable to Web applications only. On every request sent by client it

creates object.

4) session: it is also related to web applications. On every session, creates new object in
container.

5)global session:- it is related to portlets concept. It creates a spring bean for the global
session of portlet.

To specify the spring bean scope use bean tag scope attribute.

ex:

package com.app;

public class Employee{

private int empId;

private String empName;
public int getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName + "]";
}

<bean class="com.app.Employee" name="empObj" scope="singleton">

<property name="empId" value="885"/>
<property name="empName" value="ABCD"/>
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</bean>

package com.app;

import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

AbstractApplicationContext context = new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Employee obj = (Employee)context.getBean("empObj");
System.out.println(obj.hashCode());
Employee obj2 = (Employee)context.getBean("empObj");
System.out.println(obj2.hashCode());
Employee obj3 = (Employee)context.getBean("empObj");
System.out.println(obj3.hashCode());

}
}
retusn output of same hash code for all above objects.

========

to specify other scopes:

<bean class="..." name="..." scope="prototype">... </bean>

<bean class="..." name="..." scope="request">... </bean>

<bean class="..." name="..." scope="session">... </bean>

============

Lookup method Injection:-

If a independent class is prototype scope and dependent class is single tone scope then
always spring container returns first time banded object with sinleton class , even though it
creates new object for prototype.

To change this functionality use, look up method injection, for this we need to add CGLIB
Jar.

download link : (control button +mouse click to download)

http://central.maven.org/maven2/cglib/cglib/3.1/cglib-3.1.jar

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Specify the abstract method that should return the Prototype class and call that method
somewhere in the java code. make class as even abstract, that class will be implemented as
proxy by CGLIB jar with same name.

ex:

java code:

package com.app;

public class Address {

private int addrId;

private String loc;

public int getAddrId() {

=====

package com.app;

public abstract class Employee{

private Address addr;

public Address getAddr() {

addr=createObject();
return addr;
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@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [addr=" + addr + "]";
}

protected abstract Address createObject();

}
====

config.xml

">
<bean class="com.app.Address" name="addrObj" scope="prototype">
<property name="addrId" value="152"/>
<property name="loc" value="HYD"/>
</bean>
<bean class="com.app.Employee" name="empObj" scope="singleton">
<lookup-method bean="addrObj" name="createObject"/>
</bean>

=======
Test.java

package com.app;

import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

AbstractApplicationContext context = new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Employee obj = (Employee)context.getBean("empObj");
System.out.println("emp:"+obj.hashCode()+",addr:"+obj.getAddr().hashCode());
Employee obj2 = (Employee)context.getBean("empObj");
System.out.println("emp:"+obj2.hashCode()+",addr:"+obj2.getAddr().hashCode());
Employee obj3 = (Employee)context.getBean("empObj");
System.out.println("emp:"+obj3.hashCode()+",addr:"+obj3.getAddr().hashCode());
Employee obj4 = (Employee)context.getBean("empObj");
System.out.println("emp:"+obj4.hashCode()+",addr:"+obj4.getAddr().hashCode());

}
}
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output:

emp:5122060,addr:13177628
emp:5122060,addr:17152415
emp:5122060,addr:13508999
emp:5122060,addr:16471729

Stereo type Annotations in spring:-

These are the annotations used to create a bean (object ) in spring container, without any
XML configuration. @Component is the Stereo type Annotation. And even @Controller,
@Repository, @Service are also layer level Stereo type annotations.

To activate this annotation we need to specify the annotation activation and base-package
for component scan in Spring Configuration file.

Ex:
packagecom.app.module;

importorg.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component("addrObj")
publicclass Address {

}
Equal XML Code is <bean class=”com.app.module.Address” name=”addrObj”/>
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scanbase-package="com.app"/>

</beans>

packagecom.app;

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importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

importcom.app.module.Address;

publicclass Test {

publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws Exception, Exception {

ApplicationContextcontext=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Address cons =context.getBean("addrObj", Address.class);
System.out.println(cons);
}
}
Output:

com.app.module.Address@4c4975

@Component if not having any parameter value then it takes class name as bean name by
converting first letter of class name as lower case.

Ex:

@Component
publicclass Address {

For this equal XML Code is

<bean class=”Address” name=”address”/>

@Value:-This is used to inject a value using Annotation to a primitive dependency.

@Value can be specified as direct value, Expression value and dynamic value.

Ex:

packagecom.app.module;

importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
importorg.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component("addrObj")
publicclass Address {

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@Value("350")
privateintempId;
@Value("#{(new java.util.Random()).nextDouble()}")
privatedoubleempSal;
@Value("#{32>99?true:false}")
privatebooleanstatus;
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Address [empId=" + empId + ", empSal=" + empSal + ", status="
+ status + "]";
}

}
XML Code:

<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scanbase-package="com.app"/>

</beans>

Test.java

packagecom.app;

importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

importcom.app.module.Address;

publicclass Test {

publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws Exception, Exception {

ApplicationContextcontext=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Address cons =context.getBean("addrObj", Address.class);
System.out.println(cons);
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}
}

Bean Externalization : Loading value from .properties file and assigning values to a particular
bean, in known as bean externalization.

To Create a properties file: right click on src-> new -> other -> file-> next-> provider any
name (like jdbc.properties)

It maintains data in the form of key value pair. Both key and value should be in string
format. Key is case sensitive (num ,Num are different). If a key is used to more than one
time in properties file then last value will be considered to the key. To read a key value use
below syntax :
${key-name}.

Ex:
packagecom.app.module;

publicclass Employee {
privateintempId;
privatedoubleempSal;
privatebooleanstatus;
publicintgetEmpId() {
returnempId;
}
publicvoidsetEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
publicdoublegetEmpSal() {
returnempSal;
}
publicvoidsetEmpSal(doubleempSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
publicbooleanisStatus() {
returnstatus;
}
publicvoidsetStatus(boolean status) {
this.status = status;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empSal=" + empSal + ", status="
+ status + "]";
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}
abcd.properties:
#This is a comment line in Properties file
idValue=250
sal=96369.36
stat=true

XML File:

<context:property-placeholder location="abcd.properties"/>

<beanclass="com.app.module.Employee" name="empObj">
<propertyname="empId">
<value>${idValue}</value>
</property>
<propertyname="empSal">
<value>${sal}</value>
</property>
<propertyname="status">
<value>${stat}</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>

Test.java

packagecom.app;

importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

importcom.app.module.Employee;

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publicclass Test {

publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws Exception, Exception {

ApplicationContextcontext=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Employee cons =context.getBean("empObj", Employee.class);
System.out.println(cons);
}
}
Output:

Employee [empId=250, empSal=96369.36, status=true]

Note: if Key name does not exist then spring container throws
Exceptionorg.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Invalid bean
definition: Could not resolve placeholder 'idValue1' in string value "${idValue1}"

Spring Circular Dependency:

If two classes are dependent on each other, then creating object will be very difficult. In this
case spring provides best solution.

First it creates objects using default constructor then it performs injections.

Example:

Consider Employee and Address are the two classes which are having dependency on each
other.

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Java code is:

packagecom.app;
publicclass Employee {
private Address addr;

public Employee() {
super();
System.out.println("In Employee Default Constructor");
}

public Address getAddr() {

returnaddr;
}

publicvoidsetAddr(Address addr) {
this.addr = addr;
System.out.println("In Employee class , Address setter");
}

packagecom.app;

publicclass Address {
private Employee emp;

public Address() {
super();
System.out.println("In Address Default Constructor");
}

public Employee getEmp() {

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returnemp;
}

publicvoidsetEmp(Employee emp) {
this.emp = emp;
System.out.println("In Address class , Employee setter");
}

}
Config.xml

<beanclass="com.app.Employee"name="empObj">
<propertyname="addr">
<refbean="addrObj"/>
</property>
</bean>
<beanclass="com.app.Address"name="addrObj">
<propertyname="emp">
<refbean="empObj"/>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>

packagecom.app;

importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

importcom.app.Employee;

publicclass Test {

publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws Exception, Exception {

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ApplicationContextcontext=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Employee cons =context.getBean("empObj", Employee.class);
System.out.println(cons);
}
}
Output: In Employee Default Constructor

In Address Default Constructor

In Address class , Employee setter
In Employee class , Address setter
com.app.Employee@a761fe

Step by Step Process

Spring -JDBC Template Sample Code:

Spring-JDBC:

 Automatic connection handling.

 Template Based programming

 Multiple Data source availability

 Built-in Methods for SQL operations.

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 RowMapper for Multi object Operations.

Config.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"
name="jdbcTemplateObj">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref bean="dataSource"/>
</property>
</bean>
<bean class="com.app.EmployeeDaoImpl" name="empDao">
<property name="template">
<ref bean="jdbcTemplateObj"/>
</property>
</bean>

</beans>

Employee.java

package com.app;

public class Employee {

private Integer empId;

private String empName;
private Double empSal;

public Employee() {
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super();
}

public Employee(Integer empId, String empName, Double empSal) {

super();
this.empId = empId;
this.empName = empName;
this.empSal = empSal;
}

public Integer getEmpId() {

return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(Integer empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
public Double getEmpSal() {
return empSal;
}
public void setEmpSal(Double empSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName
+ ", empSal=" + empSal + "]";
}

package com.app;

public interface IEmployeeDao {

public void createEmployee(Employee emp);

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}
package com.app;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

public class EmployeeDaoImpl implements IEmployeeDao {

private JdbcTemplate template;

public void setTemplate(JdbcTemplate template) {

this.template = template;
}

@Override
public void createEmployee(Employee emp) {
String sql="insert into employee values(?,?,?)";
template.update(sql,emp.getEmpId(),emp.getEmpName(),emp.getEmpSal());

}
Main.java
package com.app;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

ApplicationContext context=new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
IEmployeeDao dao=(IEmployeeDao)context.getBean("empDao");
Employee emp=new Employee();

emp.setEmpId(101);
emp.setEmpName("abcd");
emp.setEmpSal(200.36);
dao.createEmployee(emp);
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Sample Program JDBC

Spring-JDBC-Oracle-Multi-table –operations:
Jars: database Jar(ojdbc14.jar)
Spring JARs + Commons Logging Jar.
Oracle Tables: (create these tables first in oracle)

CREATE table "EMP" (

"EID" NUMBER,
"ENAME" VARCHAR2(50),
"ESAL" NUMBER(22,5),
constraint "EMP_PK" primary key ("EID")
)
/
CREATE table "ADDR" (
"AID" NUMBER,
"LOC" VARCHAR2(50),
"EID" NUMBER,
constraint "ADDR_PK" primary key ("AID")
)
/

ALTER TABLE "ADDR" ADD CONSTRAINT "ADDR_FK"

FOREIGN KEY ("EID")
REFERENCES "EMP" ("EID")

Java Code:
package com.app;

public class Address {

private int addrId;
private String loc;
publicint get AddrId() {
return addrId;
}
Public void setAddrId(int addrId) {
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this.addrId = addrId;
}
public String getLoc() {
returnloc;
}
Public void setLoc(String loc) {
this.loc = loc;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Address [addrId=" + addrId + ", loc=" + loc + "]";
}
@Override
Public int hashCode() {
Final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + addrId;
result = prime * result + ((loc == null) ? 0 : loc.hashCode());
return result;
}
@Override
publicboolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
returntrue;
if (obj == null)
returnfalse;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
returnfalse;
Address other = (Address) obj;
if (addrId != other.addrId)
returnfalse;
if (loc == null) {
if (other.loc != null)
returnfalse;
} elseif (!loc.equals(other.loc))
returnfalse;
returntrue;
}}
package com.app;

publicclass Employee {
privateintempId;
private String empName;
privatedoubleempSal;
private Address addr;
publicint getEmpId() {
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returnempId;
}
publicvoid setEmpId(int empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
returnempName;
}
publicvoid setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
publicdouble getEmpSal() {
returnempSal;
}
publicvoid setEmpSal(double empSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
public Address getAddr() {
returnaddr;
}
publicvoid setAddr(Address addr) {
this.addr = addr;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName
+ ", empSal=" + empSal + ", addr=" + addr + "]";
}
@Override
publicint hashCode() {
finalint prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + ((addr == null) ? 0 : addr.hashCode());
result = prime * result + empId;
result = prime * result + ((empName == null) ? 0 : empName.hashCode());
long temp;
temp = Double.doubleToLongBits(empSal);
result = prime * result + (int) (temp ^ (temp >>> 32));
return result;
}
@Override
Public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
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if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
Employee other = (Employee) obj;
if (addr == null) {
if (other.addr != null)
return false;
} elseif (!addr.equals(other.addr))
returnfalse;
if (empId != other.empId)
returnfalse;
if (empName == null) {
if (other.empName != null)
returnfalse;
} elseif (!empName.equals(other.empName))
Return false;
if (Double.doubleToLongBits(empSal) != Double
.doubleToLongBits(other.empSal))
returnfalse;
returntrue;
}

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scanbase-package="com.app"/>
<beanclass="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"
name="dsObj">
<propertyname="driverClassName"value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"/>
<propertyname="url"value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe"/>
<propertyname="username"value="system"/>
<propertyname="password"value="system"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"name="tempObj">
<propertyname="dataSource">
<refbean="dsObj"/>
</property>
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</bean>

</beans>

package com.app;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component("empDao")
publicclass EmployeeDaoImpl {

@Autowired
private JdbcTemplate template;

publicvoid insertDataToDB(Employee employee){

String sql="insert into emp values (?,?,?)";//eid(PK),ename,esal
String sql2="insert into addr values (?,?,?)";//aid(PK),loc,eid(FK)
int
i=template.update(sql,employee.getEmpId(),employee.getEmpName(),employee.getEmpSal
());
int i1=-1;
if(i==1){
Address addr=employee.getAddr();

i1=template.update(sql2,addr.getAddrId(),addr.getLoc(),employee.getEmpId());

}
if(i1==1 && i==1){
System.out.println("Data inserted successfully");
}
}
public Address getAddressDetailsBasedOnEmpId(int empId){
String sql="select a1.aid,a1.loc from emp e1 left outer join addr a1 on
e1.eid=a1.eid where e1.eid=?";
Address addr=template.queryForObject(sql,new RowMapper<Address>(){
@Override

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publicAddress mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws

SQLException {
Address addr=new Address();
addr.setAddrId(rs.getInt(1));
addr.setLoc(rs.getString(2));
return addr;
}
},empId);
return addr;
}
}

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.app.Address;
importcom.app.Employee;
import com.app.EmployeeDaoImpl;

publicclass Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

ApplicationContext context=new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
EmployeeDaoImpl daoImpl=context.getBean("empDao",
EmployeeDaoImpl.class);
/* save record*/
/* Employee employee=new Employee();
employee.setEmpId(100);
employee.setEmpName("ABCD");
employee.setEmpSal(362.36);
Address addr=new Address();
addr.setAddrId(1236);
addr.setLoc("HYD");
//connect the address to employee
employee.setAddr(addr);*/
//daoImpl.insertDataToDB(employee);
/*fetch emp address based on empid*/
Address address=daoImpl.getAddressDetailsBasedOnEmpId(100);
System.out.println(address);

}
}

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If you get the output: try for delete and update…

All the best…

Spring JDBC-CURD Operations:

packagecom.app.model;

publicclass Employee {

privateintempId;
private String empName;
privatedoubleempSal;

public Employee() {
super();
}
public Employee(intempId, String empName, doubleempSal) {
super();
this.empId = empId;
this.empName = empName;
this.empSal = empSal;
}
publicintgetEmpId() {
returnempId;
}
publicvoidsetEmpId(intempId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
returnempName;
}
publicvoidsetEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
publicdoublegetEmpSal() {
returnempSal;
}
publicvoidsetEmpSal(doubleempSal) {
this.empSal = empSal;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return"Employee [empId=" + empId + ", empName=" + empName
+ ", empSal=" + empSal + "]";
}
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@Override
publicinthashCode() {
finalint prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + empId;
result = prime * result + ((empName == null) ? 0 : empName.hashCode());
long temp;
temp = Double.doubleToLongBits(empSal);
result = prime * result + (int) (temp ^ (temp >>> 32));
return result;
}
@Override
publicboolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
returntrue;
if (obj == null)
returnfalse;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
returnfalse;
Employee other = (Employee) obj;
if (empId != other.empId)
returnfalse;
if (empName == null) {
if (other.empName != null)
returnfalse;
} elseif (!empName.equals(other.empName))
returnfalse;
if (Double.doubleToLongBits(empSal) != Double
.doubleToLongBits(other.empSal))
returnfalse;
returntrue;
}

}
packagecom.app.dao;

importjava.util.List;

importcom.app.model.Employee;

publicinterfaceIEmployeeDao {

publicintinsertEmployeeToDB(Employee employee);
publicintupdateEmployeeById(Employee emp);
publicintdeleteEmployeeById(intempId);
public Employee getEmployeeObjectById(intempId);
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public List<Employee>getAllEmployessAsList();
}
packagecom.app.dao.impl;

importjava.sql.ResultSet;
importjava.sql.SQLException;
importjava.util.List;

importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
importorg.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
importorg.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
importorg.springframework.stereotype.Component;

importcom.app.dao.IEmployeeDao;
importcom.app.model.Employee;
@Component("empSpringJdbcDao")
publicclassEmployeeSpringJdbcDaoImplimplementsIEmployeeDao{

@Autowired
privateJdbcTemplatetemplate;

@Override
publicintinsertEmployeeToDB(Employee employee) {
String sql="insert into empvalues(?,?,?)";
returntemplate.update(sql,
employee.getEmpId(),employee.getEmpName(),employee.getEmpSal());
}
@Override
publicintupdateEmployeeById(Employee emp) {
String sql="update emp set ename=?,esal=? whereeid=?";
returntemplate.update(sql,
emp.getEmpName(),emp.getEmpSal(),emp.getEmpId());
}
@Override
publicintdeleteEmployeeById(intempId) {
String sql="delete from emp where eid=?";
returntemplate.update(sql, empId);
}
@Override
public Employee getEmployeeObjectById(intempId) {
String sql="select * from emp where eid=?";
Employee emp=template.queryForObject(sql, newRowMapper<Employee>(){
@Override
public Employee mapRow(ResultSetrs, introwNum)
throwsSQLException {
Employee emp=newEmployee();
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emp.setEmpId(rs.getInt(1));
emp.setEmpName(rs.getString(2));
emp.setEmpSal(rs.getDouble(3));
returnemp;
}
}, empId);
returnemp;
}
@Override
public List<Employee>getAllEmployessAsList() {
String sql="select * from emp";
List<Employee>empList=template.query(sql, newRowMapper<Employee>(){
@Override
public Employee mapRow(ResultSetrs, introwNum)
throwsSQLException {
Employee emp=newEmployee();
emp.setEmpId(rs.getInt(1));
emp.setEmpName(rs.getString(2));
emp.setEmpSal(rs.getDouble(3));
returnemp;
}
});
returnempList;
}
}
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scanbase-package="com.app"/>
<context:property-placeholderlocation="jdbc.properties"/>
<beanclass="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"name
="dsObj">
<propertyname="driverClassName"value="${driver}"/>
<propertyname="url"value="${url}"/>
<propertyname="username"value="system"/>
<propertyname="password"value="system"/>
</bean>
<beanclass="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"name="tempObj">
<propertyname="dataSource">
<refbean="dsObj"/>
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</property>
</bean>

</beans>
#JDBC Properties File
driver=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe
user=system
password=system

packagecom.app;

importjava.util.List;

importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

importcom.app.dao.IEmployeeDao;
importcom.app.model.Employee;

publicclass Test {

publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {

ApplicationContextcontext=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
IEmployeeDaoob=(IEmployeeDao)context.getBean("empSpringJdbcDao");
List<Employee>empList=ob.getAllEmployessAsList();
System.out.println(empList);
}
}

Spring-ORM(Hibernate) Example(Using Hibernate template):

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config.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.app"/>

</bean>

<bean
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean"
name="sessionFactory">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
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<props>
<prop
key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="annotatedClasses">
<list>
<value>com.app.Employee</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>

</bean>

<bean class="com.app.EmployeeDaoHibernateImpl" name="empDao">

</property>

</bean>
</beans>

Employee.java

package com.app;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name="emp")
public class Employee {

@Id
@Column(name="eid")
private Integer empId;

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@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;
@Column(name="esal")
private Double empSal;

public Employee() {
super();
}

public Employee(Integer empId, String empName, Double empSal) {

super();
this.empId = empId;
this.empName = empName;
this.empSal = empSal;
}

public Integer getEmpId() {

import java.util.List;

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public interface IEmployeeDao {

public Integer createEmployee(Employee emp);
public Integer updateEmployee(Employee emp);
public Integer deleteEmployee(Integer empId);
public Employee loadEmployee(Integer empId);
public List<Employee> getAllEmployees();

package com.app;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate;

public class EmployeeDaoHibernateImpl implements IEmployeeDao {

private HibernateTemplate template;

public void setTemplate(HibernateTemplate template) {

this.template = template;
}

@Override
public Integer createEmployee(Employee emp) {
Integer id=(Integer)template.save(emp);
return id;
}

@Override
public Integer updateEmployee(Employee emp) {
template.update(emp);
return emp.getEmpId();
}

@Override
public Integer deleteEmployee(Integer empId) {
Employee emp=template.get(Employee.class, empId);
if (emp!=null) {
template.delete(emp);
}
return emp.getEmpId();
}
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@Override
public Employee loadEmployee(Integer empId) {

return template.get(Employee.class, empId);

}

@Override
public List<Employee> getAllEmployees() {

return template.loadAll(Employee.class);
}

}
Main.java

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.app.Employee;
import com.app.IEmployeeDao;

public class Main {

/**
* @param args
* @author Raghu
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {

ApplicationContext context=new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
IEmployeeDao empDao=(IEmployeeDao)context.getBean("empDao");
Employee emp=new Employee(103,"ka", 16.5);
System.out.println(empDao.getAllEmployees());
}

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Spring MVC Notes:

>Change Perspective to JavaEE

> Get a server view.
(Window->Showview->server)
>select a server , browse Head/Installed Location.
>Finish
---------------------------------------------------
File>new>Dynamic Web Project.
Provide Project name>next>next> Check web.xml generation
>Finish
----------------------------
Sample Proram:
JARS:
Copy and paste all Spring-JARS in lib folder.
---------------------------------------
Step 1:
Configure DispatcherServlet in web.xml

step 2: creating spring config file:

name rule: [<servlet-name>]-servlet.xml
Location: /WEB-INF/ location.

Step 3: Configure A view Resolver Class. With prefix and

suffix.

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Step 4: Controller
>Create a Java class.
>Use an annotation @Controller (Sterio type annot. )
>Enable annotations in config file
(use context schema for base pakage and annotation config)

>Writre a request method. (@RequestMapping("/url"))

ex: @RequestMapping("/home") -- GET type

@RequestMapping(value="/abcd",method=RequestMethod.POST)

> Return a ModelAndView Object.

ex:
return new ModelAndView("HomePage");

Step 5: VIEW : create a folder structure for prefix

(if not exist ex: /WEB-INF/jsps)
--------------------------------------
Note: RequestMethod is enum, which define named constans
for request methods like GET,POST,PUT,TRACE...etc

Web.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

<servlet>
<servlet-name>sample</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>sample</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/abcd/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

Sample-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

</bean>

</beans>

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HomeController.java

package com.app.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class HomeController {

@RequestMapping("/home")
public ModelAndView showView(){

ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView();

mav.setViewName("Home");
return mav;
}

@RequestMapping(value="/home",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public ModelAndView showView1(){

return null;
}

}
home.jsp
<h1>Welcome to Spring</h1>

URL:- http://localhost:8080/SampleSpringMVC/abcd/home

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Spring Sending Data From Controller to UI:-

ModelAndView is a common Object to send data controller and UI page. ModelAndView

had a method addObject(String key,Object value), is used to add data to MAV Object. Using
this same key we have to retrieve data at UI level.

Ex:

Sending Primitive Values at Controller:

packagecom.app;

importorg.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
importorg.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
publicclassHomeController {

@RequestMapping("/welcome")
publicModelAndView welcome(){
ModelAndViewmav=newModelAndView("welcome");
mav.addObject("empId", 100);
mav.addObject("empName", "AJ");
mav.addObject("empSal", 250.36);

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returnmav;
}

JSP Code to Read Data:

Welcome.jsp

<b>${empId},${empName},${empSal}</b>

<%=req.getAttribute(“empId”)%>

Sending Object Data at Controller:

packagecom.app;

importorg.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
importorg.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
publicclassHomeController {

@RequestMapping("/welcome")
publicModelAndView welcome(){
ModelAndViewmav=newModelAndView("welcome");
Employeeemp=newEmployee();
emp.setEmpId(10);
emp.setEmpName("AJ");
emp.setEmpSal(12.35);
mav.addObject("empObj", emp);
returnmav;
}

Reading data at JSP page:-

<b> ${empObj.empId},${empObj.empName},${empObj.empSal}</b>

Or
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<% Employee emp=req.getAttribute(“empObj”);

Out.print(emp.getEmpId());

Sending Collection Data from Controller:

packagecom.app;

importorg.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
importorg.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
publicclassHomeController {

@RequestMapping("/welcome")
publicModelAndView welcome(){
ModelAndViewmav=newModelAndView("welcome");
Employeeemp=newEmployee();
emp.setEmpId(10);
emp.setEmpName("AJ");
emp.setEmpSal(12.35);

Employee emp2=newEmployee();
emp2.setEmpId(10);
emp2.setEmpName("AJ");
emp2.setEmpSal(12.35);

Employee emp3=newEmployee();
emp3.setEmpId(10);
emp3.setEmpName("AJ");
emp3.setEmpSal(12.35);

List<Employee>empListObj=newArrayList<Employee>();
empListObj.add(emp);
empListObj.add(emp2);
empListObj.add(emp3);
mav.addObject("empListObj", empListObj);
returnmav;
}

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Reading Data At JSP Level:

<c:forEachitems="${empListObj}"var="emp">
<c:outvalue="${emp.empId}"/>,<c:outvalue="${emp.empName}"/>,<c:outvalue="${emp.em
pSal}"/><br/>
</c:forEach>

<%
ListempList=request.getAttribute("empListObj");
Iterator iterator= empList.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()){
Employeeemp=(Employee)iterator.next();
out.println(emp);
}
%>

For JSTL code:

Add below line in JSP:

<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>

Download and Add JSTL JAR in lib folder:

Location :http://central.maven.org/maven2/javax/servlet/jstl/1.2/jstl-1.2.jar

Spring MVC (Sending Data From Controller to UI).

JSTL JAR Location : http://central.maven.org/…/ja…/servlet/jstl/1.2/jstl-1.2.jar
(Download Link). Add this in lib folder.

Spring –Hibernate integration:

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Web.xml

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-appxmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-
instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/
ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"id="WebApp_ID"version="2.5">
<display-name>sample</display-name>

<servlet>
<servlet-name>sample</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>sample</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/app/*</url-pattern>

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</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

Sample-servlet.xml

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd
">

<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scanbase-package="com.app"/>

<beanclass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<propertyname="prefix"value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<propertyname="suffix"value=".jsp"/>
</bean>

<beanclass="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"name
="datasource">
<propertyname="driverClassName"value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<propertyname="url"value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"/>
<propertyname="username"value="root"/>
<propertyname="password"value="root"/>
</bean>

<beanclass="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFac
toryBean"name="sessionFactory">
<propertyname="dataSource">
<refbean="datasource"/>
</property>
<propertyname="annotatedClasses">
<list>
<value>com.app.model.Employee</value>
</list>
</property>
<propertyname="hibernateProperties">
<props>

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<propkey="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<propkey="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<propkey="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>

</beans>

EmployeeController.java

package com.app.controller;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.service.IEmployeeService;

@Controller
publicclass EmployeeController {

@Autowired
private IEmployeeService empService;

@RequestMapping("/home")
public ModelAndView homePage(){

returnnew ModelAndView("Home");
}

@RequestMapping("/insert")
public String insert(@ModelAttribute("employee")Employee emp){
empService.createEmployee(emp);
System.out.println("hello");
return"redirect:/app/show";

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@RequestMapping("/show")
public ModelAndView show(@ModelAttribute("employee")Employee emp){
List<Employee> employeeList=empService.showEmployeeDetails();
returnnew ModelAndView("Home","employeeList",employeeList);

}
@RequestMapping("/delete/{empId}")
public String delete(@PathVariable("empId")int empId){
empService.deleteEmployeeById(empId);
return"redirect:/app/show";
}

@RequestMapping("/edit/{empId}")
public ModelAndView edit(@PathVariable("empId")int empId){
Employee emp=empService.loadEmployeeById(empId);
returnnew ModelAndView("Edit","emp",emp);
}
}

IEmployeeService.java

package com.app.service;

import java.util.List;

importcom.app.model.Employee;

publicinterface IEmployeeService {

publicvoid createEmployee(Employee employee);

public List<Employee> showEmployeeDetails();
publicvoid deleteEmployeeById(int empId);
publicEmployee loadEmployeeById(int empId);
}
EmployeeServiceImpl.java

package com.app.service.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.app.dao.IEmployeeDao;

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import com.app.model.Employee;
import com.app.service.IEmployeeService;

@Service("empService")
publicclass EmployeeServiceImpl implements IEmployeeService {

@Autowired
private IEmployeeDao empDao;

@Override
publicvoid createEmployee(Employee employee) {
try {
empDao.createEmployee(employee);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public List<Employee> showEmployeeDetails() {
List<Employee> employeeList=null;
try {
employeeList=empDao.showEmployeeDetails();
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
return employeeList;
}
@Override
publicvoid deleteEmployeeById(int empId) {
try {
empDao.deleteEmployeeById(empId);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

}
@Override
public Employee loadEmployeeById(int empId) {
Employee emp=null;
try {
emp=empDao.loadEmployeeById(empId);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return emp;
}
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IEmployeeDao.java

package com.app.dao;

import java.util.List;

importcom.app.model.Employee;

publicinterface IEmployeeDao {

publicvoid createEmployee(Employee employee);

public List<Employee> showEmployeeDetails();
publicvoid deleteEmployeeById(int empId);
publicEmployee loadEmployeeById(int empId);
}

EmployeeDaoImpl.java

package com.app.dao.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Criteria;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.app.dao.IEmployeeDao;
import com.app.model.Employee;

@Repository("empDao")
publicclass EmployeeDaoImpl implements IEmployeeDao{

@Autowired
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

@Override
publicvoid createEmployee(Employee employee) {
Session session=null;
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Transaction tx=null;
try {

session=sessionFactory.openSession();
tx=session.beginTransaction();
tx.begin();
session.saveOrUpdate(employee);
tx.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
tx.rollback();
e.printStackTrace();

}finally{
session.flush();
session.close();
}
}

@Override
public List<Employee> showEmployeeDetails() {
Session session=null;
Transaction tx=null;
Criteria criteria=null;
List<Employee> employeeList=null;
try {

session=sessionFactory.openSession();
tx=session.beginTransaction();
tx.begin();
criteria=session.createCriteria(Employee.class);
employeeList=criteria.list();
tx.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
tx.rollback();
e.printStackTrace();

}finally{
session.flush();
session.close();
}

return employeeList;
}

@Override
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publicvoid deleteEmployeeById(int empId) {

Session session=null;
Transaction tx=null;
Employee emp=null;
try {

session=sessionFactory.openSession();
tx=session.beginTransaction();
tx.begin();
emp=(Employee)session.get(Employee.class, empId);
session.delete(emp);
tx.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
tx.rollback();
e.printStackTrace();

}finally{
session.flush();
session.close();
}

}
@Override
public Employee loadEmployeeById(int empId) {
Session session=null;
Employee emp=null;
try {

session=sessionFactory.openSession();
emp=(Employee)session.get(Employee.class, empId);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();

}finally{
session.flush();
session.close();
}
return emp;
}
}

Home.jsp

<%@pagelanguage="java"contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>

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<%@taglibprefix="c"uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<html>
<head>
<metahttp-equiv="Content-Type"content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<styletype="text/css">
tabletrth{
color: white;
background-color: black;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Wel come page</h1>

<formaction="insert"method="POST">
<pre>

user Id:
<inputtype="number"name="empId"value="${emp.empId}"required="required"min="10"m
ax="200">
user name:
<inputtype="text"name="empName"value="${emp.empName}"required="required">
user sal : <inputtype="text"name="empSal"value="${emp.empSal}"required="required">
<inputtype="submit"value="Insert">
</pre>
</form>
<c:iftest="${!empty employeeList}">
<tableborder="1">
<tr>
<th>EMP ID</th><th>EMP NAME</th><th>EMP SAL</th>
</tr>
<c:forEachitems="${employeeList}"var="employee">
<tr>

</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</c:if>
</body>
</html>
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Edit.jsp

<%@pagelanguage="java"contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPEhtmlPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01
Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<metahttp-equiv="Content-Type"content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<formaction="../insert"method="POST">
<pre>

AJAX: Example Program:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"

pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<html>
<head>
<script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.2.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function makeCall(){
var input1=$("#abcd").val();
$.ajax({
url:'ajaxCall',
data:'input='+input1,
success:function(message){
$("#myDivArea").html(message);
}

});

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</script>

<title>Insert title here</title>

</head>
<body>
<div id="myDivArea"></div>

<input type="button" value="Show Out" onclick="return makeCall();">

package com.app;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class HomeController {

@RequestMapping("/welcome")
public ModelAndView showPage(){

return new ModelAndView("welcome");

@RequestMapping("/ajaxCall")
public @ResponseBody String provideResponse(@RequestParam("input")String
input){

return input+" "+Math.random()*10000;

}

}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>sample</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/app/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.app"/>

</beans>

Delete Employee Using Path variable:

package com.app;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
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import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class HomeController {

@Autowired
@Qualifier("empService")
private IEmpService empService;

@RequestMapping(value="/register")
public ModelAndView insertRecord(){
return new ModelAndView("Register");
}

@RequestMapping(value="/home/{empId}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView sayHello(@PathVariable("empId")String empid){
System.out.println("Entered vales is"+empid);
return new ModelAndView("Page1");
}

@RequestMapping(value="/insert")
public ModelAndView insertRecord(@ModelAttribute("employee")Employee emp){
empService.insertEmployee(emp);
List<Employee> empList=empService.getAllEmployee();

return new ModelAndView("Register","empList",empList);

}

@RequestMapping("/delete/{empId}")
public ModelAndView deleteRecord(@PathVariable("empId")Integer empId){
empService.deleteEmployee(empId);
List<Employee> empList=empService.getAllEmployee();

return new ModelAndView("Register","empList",empList);

}

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package com.app;

import java.util.List;

public interface IEmpService {

public Integer insertEmployee(Employee emp);

public List<Employee> getAllEmployee();
public void deleteEmployee(Integer empId);
}

----------]
package com.app;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service("empService")
public class EmpServiceImpl implements IEmpService {

@Autowired
@Qualifier("empDao")
private IEmpDao empDao;

@Override
public Integer insertEmployee(Employee emp) {
return empDao.insertEmployee(emp);
}

@Override
public List<Employee> getAllEmployee() {
return empDao.getAllEmployee();
}

@Override
public void deleteEmployee(Integer empId) {
empDao.deleteEmployee(empId);

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}
package com.app;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service("empService")
public class EmpServiceImpl implements IEmpService {

@Autowired
@Qualifier("empDao")
private IEmpDao empDao;

@Override
public Integer insertEmployee(Employee emp) {
return empDao.insertEmployee(emp);
}

@Override
public List<Employee> getAllEmployee() {
return empDao.getAllEmployee();
}

@Override
public void deleteEmployee(Integer empId) {
empDao.deleteEmployee(empId);

package com.app;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name="emp")
public class Employee {
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@Id
@Column(name="eid")
private Integer empId;
@Column(name="ename")
private String empName;

public Integer getEmpId() {

return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(Integer empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}

}
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="insert">
<pre>
User Id :<input type="text" name="empId" id="empId">
User Name: <input type="text" name="empName" id="empName">
<input type="submit" value="Register">
</pre>
</form>

<c:forEach items="${empList}" var="emp">

<c:out value="${emp.empId}"/>
<c:out value="${emp.empName}"/>
<a href='delete/<c:out value="${emp.empId}"/>'/>Delete</a>
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</body>
</html>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.app"/>

<bean name="mySessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="annotatedClasses">
<list>
<value>com.app.Employee</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop
key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
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<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>

</bean>

</beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

<servlet>
<servlet-name>sample</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>sample</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/app/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

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Aspect Oriented Programming :- Without changing business logic, a new service can be
added to existed layer, using Aspect and advices we can construct services.

Aspect : it is service class.

Advice: It represents a business method

Pointcut: It is expression, it will select business methods to be bounded with advices

Aspect:

package com.app;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;

@Aspect
public class SampleAspectEx {

@Before("execution(* com.one.*.*.get*(..))")
public void showMessage(){

System.out.println("Hello I'm from aspect");

}
}
Circle:

package com.one.two;

public class Circle {

private String name;

private int type;

public String getName() {

System.out.println("In-Circle-In-getName():String");
return name;
}

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public String getName(int id) {

System.out.println("In-Circle-In-getName(int):String");
return name;
}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;
}

public int getType() {

System.out.println("In-Circle-In-getType():int");
return type;
}

public int getType(int id) {

System.out.println("In-Circle-In-getType(int):int");
return type;
}

public void setType(int type) {

this.type = type;
}

Shape:

package com.one.three;

public class Shape {

private String name;

private int type;

public String getName() {

System.out.println("In-Shape-In-getName():String");
return name;
}

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public String getName(int id) {

System.out.println("In-Shape-In-getName(int):String");
return name;
}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;
}

public int getType() {

System.out.println("In-Shape-In-getType():int");
return type;
}

public int getType(int id) {

System.out.println("In-Shape-In-getType(int):int");
return type;
}

public void setType(int type) {

this.type = type;
}

Student:

package com.app.module;

public class Student {

private String name;

private int type;

public String getName() {

System.out.println("In-Student-In-getName():String");
return name;
}

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public String getName(int id) {

System.out.println("In-Student-In-getName(int):String");
return name;
}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;
}

public int getType() {

System.out.println("In-Student-In-getType():int");
return type;
}

public int getType(int id) {

System.out.println("In-Student-In-getType(int):int");
return type;
}

public void setType(int type) {

this.type = type;
}

}
Rectangle:

package com.one;

public class Rectangle {

private String name;

private int type;

public String getName() {

System.out.println("In-Rectangle-In-getName():String");
return name;
}

public String getName(int id) {

System.out.println("In-Rectangle-In-getName(int):String");
return name;
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public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;
}

public int getType() {

System.out.println("In-Rectangle-In-getType():int");
return type;
}

public int getType(int id) {

System.out.println("In-Rectangle-In-getType(int):int");
return type;
}

public void setType(int type) {

this.type = type;
}

Employee:

package com.app;

public class Employee {

private String name;

private int type;

public String getName() {

System.out.println("In-Employee-In-getName():String");
return name;
}

public String getName(int id) {

System.out.println("In-Employee-In-getName(int):String");
return name;
}

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public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;
}

public int getType() {

System.out.println("In-Employee-In-getType():int");
return type;
}

public int getType(int id) {

System.out.println("In-Employee-In-getType(int):int");
return type;
}

public void setType(int type) {

this.type = type;
}

Design:

package com.one.two;

public class Design {

private String name;

private int type;

public String getName() {

System.out.println("In-Design-In-getName():String");
return name;
}

public String getName(int id) {

System.out.println("In-Design-In-getName(int):String");
return name;
}

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public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;
}

public int getType() {

System.out.println("In-Design-In-getType():int");
return type;
}

public int getType(int id) {

System.out.println("In-Design-In-getType(int):int");
return type;
}
public void setType(int type) {
this.type = type;
}

}
Config.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>

<bean class="com.app.Employee" name="emp">

<property name="name">
<value>employee</value>
</property>
<property name="type">
<value>10</value>
</property>

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</bean>
<bean class="com.one.two.Circle" name="c1">
<property name="name">
<value>circle</value>
</property>
<property name="type">
<value>20</value>
</property>

</bean>
<bean class="com.one.Rectangle" name="r1">
<property name="name">
<value>rectangle</value>
</property>
<property name="type">
<value>30</value>
</property>

</bean>

<bean class="com.one.three.Shape" name="s1">

<property name="name">
<value>shape</value>
</property>
<property name="type">
<value>40</value>
</property>

</bean>

<bean class="com.app.module.Student" name="std">

<property name="name">
<value>student</value>
</property>
<property name="type">
<value>50</value>
</property>

</bean>

<bean class="com.one.two.Design" name="d1">

<property name="name">
<value>design</value>
</property>
<property name="type">
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</bean>

</beans>
Test class:

package com.app;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.app.module.Student;
import com.one.Rectangle;
import com.one.three.Shape;
import com.one.two.Circle;
import com.one.two.Design;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

ApplicationContext context=new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
Employee e=context.getBean("emp",Employee.class);
Student std=context.getBean("std",Student.class);
Shape s1=context.getBean("s1",Shape.class);
Circle c1=context.getBean("c1",Circle.class);
Rectangle r1=context.getBean("r1",Rectangle.class);
Design d1=context.getBean("d1",Design.class);

//(* com.one.Rectangle.get*())

c1.getName(10);
d1.getName(20);
d1.getName();
c1.getName();

r1.getName();
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r1.getType();
r1.getName(10);
r1.getType(10);

JARS:

AOP JARS(only):

http://www.mediafire.com/download/2szvk5sjxgoqkdp/Maven.rar

Also include cglib jar.

http://central.maven.org/maven2/cglib/cglib/3.1/cglib-3.1.jar

What are the benefits of using Spring Framework?

Following is the list of few of the great benefits of using Spring Framework --

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 With the Dependency Injection(DI) approach, dependencies are explicit and evident
in constructor or JavaBean properties.
 IoC containers tend to be lightweight, especially when compared to EJB containers,
for example. This is beneficial for developing and deploying applications on
computers with limited memory and CPU resources.
 Spring does not reinvent the wheel instead, it truly makes use of some of the existing
technologies like several ORM frameworks, logging frameworks, JEE, Quartz and JDK
timers, other view technologies.
 Spring is organized in a modular fashion. Even though the number of packages and
classes are substantial, you have to worry only about ones you need and ignore the
rest.
 Testing an application written with Spring is simple because environment-dependent
code is moved into this framework. Furthermore, by using JavaBean-style POJOs, it
becomes easier to use dependency injection for injecting test data.
 Spring’s web framework is a well-designed web MVC framework, which provides a
great alternative to web frameworks such as Struts or other over engineered or less
popular web frameworks.
 Spring provides a consistent transaction management interface that can scale down
to a local transaction (using a single database, for example) and scale up to global
transactions (using JTA, for example).

What is Inversion of Control (IoC) and Dependency Injection?

Inversion of control (IoC) is a programming technique in which object coupling is bound at
run time. Inversion of control is a design paradigm with the goal of giving more control to
the targeted components of your application, the ones that are actually doing the work.
Dependency injection is a pattern used to create instances of objects that other objects rely
on without knowing at compile time which class will be used to provide that functionality.
Inversion of control relies on dependency injection because a mechanism is needed in order
to activate the components providing the specific functionality.
In Java, dependency injection may happen through 3 ways:
A constructor injection
A setter injection
An interface injection (Not supported by Spring)

How to inject a java.util.Properties into a Spring Bean?

First way is to use <props> tag as below.
<bean id="adminUser" class="com.app.common.Customer">

<property name="emails">

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<props>
<prop key="admin">[email protected]</prop>
<prop key="support">[email protected]</prop>
</props>
</property>

</bean>
You can use “util:” namespace as well to create properties bean from properties file, and
use bean reference for setter injection.
<util:properties id="emails" location="com/app/emails.properties" />

How do you turn on annotation based autowiring?

To enable @Autowired, you have to register AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor, and
you can do it in two ways.
1. Include <context:annotation-config> in bean configuration file.
<beans>
<context:annotation-config />
</beans>
2. Include AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor directly in bean configuration file.
<beans>
<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/>
</beans>

Explain @Required annotation with example?

we can set “dependency-check” attribute of <bean> and set one of four attributes i.e. none,
simple, objects or all (none is default option).
In case one application, we will not be interested in checking all the bean properties
configured in your context files. Rather you would like to check if particular set of properties
have been set or not in some specific beans only. Spring’s dependency checking feature
using “dependency-check” attribute, will not able to help you in this case. So solve this
problem, you can use @Required annotation.
To Use the @Required annotation over setter method of bean property in class file as
below:
public class EmployeeFactoryBean {
@Required
private String designation;

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public String getDesignation() {

return designation;
}

public void setDesignation(String designation) {

this.designation = designation;
}

//more code here

}

Explain @Autowired annotation with example?

The @Autowired annotation provides more fine-grained control over where and
how autowiring should be accomplished. The @Autowired annotation can be used to
autowire bean on the setter method just like@Required annotation, constructor, a property
or methods with arbitrary names and/or multiple arguments.

E.g. You can use @Autowired annotation on setter methods to get rid of
the <property> element in XML configuration file. When Spring finds
an @Autowired annotation used with setter methods, it tries to performbyType autowiring
on the method.
You can apply @Autowired to constructors as well. A constructor @Autowired annotation
indicates that the constructor should be autowired when creating the bean, even if
no <constructor-arg> elements are used while configuring the bean in XML file.
public class TextEditor {
private SpellCheckerspellChecker;

@Autowired
public TextEditor(SpellCheckerspellChecker){
System.out.println("Inside TextEditor constructor." );
this.spellChecker = spellChecker;
}

public void spellCheck(){

spellChecker.checkSpelling();
}
}
And it’s configuration without constructor arguments.
<beans>

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<context:annotation-config/>

</beans>

Explain @Qualifier annotation with example?

@Qualifier means, which bean is qualify to autowired on a field. The qualifier annotation
helps disambiguate bean references when Spring would otherwise not be able to do so.
See below example, it willautowired a “person” bean into customer’s person property.
public class Customer
{
@Autowired
private Person person;
}
And we have two bean definitions for Person class.
<bean id="customer" class="com.howtodoinjava.common.Customer" />

<bean id="personA" class="com.howtodoinjava.common.Person" >

<bean id="personB" class="com.howtodoinjava.common.Person" >

<property name="name" value="alex" />
</bean>
Will Spring know which person bean should autowired? NO. When you run above example,
it hits below exception :
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:
No unique bean of type [com.howtodoinjava.common.Person] is defined:
expected single matching bean but found 2: [personA, personB]
To fix above problem, you need @Quanlifier to tell Spring about which bean should
autowired.
public class Customer

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{
@Autowired
@Qualifier("personA")
private Person person;
}

Difference between constructor injection and setter injection?

In Setter Injection, partial injection of dependencies can possible, means if we have 3
dependencies like int, string, long, then its not necessary to inject all values if we use setter
injection. If you are not inject it will takes default values for those primitives. In constructor
injection, partial injection of dependencies is not possible, because for calling constructor
we must pass all the arguments right, if not so we may get error.

Setter Injection will overrides the constructor injection value, provided if we write
setter and constructor injection for the same property. But, constructor injection cannot
overrides the setter injected values. It’s obvious because constructors are called to first to
create the instance.
Using setter injection you can not guarantee that certain dependency is injected or not,
which means you may have an object with incomplete dependency. On other hand
constructor Injection does not allow you to construct object, until your dependencies are
ready.

In constructor injection, if Object A and B are dependent each other i.e A is depends
on B and vice-versa, Spring throws ObjectCurrentlyInCreationException while creating
objects of A and B because A object cannot be created until B is created and vice-versa. So
spring can resolve circular dependencies through setter-injection because Objects are
constructed before setter methods invoked.

How do you define the scope of a bean?

When defining a <bean> in Spring, we can also declare a scope for the bean. It can be
defined through the scope attribute in the bean definition. For example, when Spring has to
produce a new bean instance each time one is needed, the bean’sscope attribute to
be prototype. On the other hand, when the same instance of a bean must be returned by
Spring every time it is needed, the the bean scope attribute must be set to singleton.

Explain the bean scopes supported by Spring

There are five scoped provided by the Spring Framework supports following five scopes:
In singleton scope, Spring scopes the bean definition to a single instance per Spring IoC
container.

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In prototype scope, a single bean definition has any number of object instances.
In request scope, a bean is defined to an HTTP request. This scope is valid only in a web-
aware Spring ApplicationContext.
In session scope, a bean definition is scoped to an HTTP session. This scope is also valid only
in a web-aware Spring ApplicationContext.
In global-session scope, a bean definition is scoped to a global HTTP session. This is also a
case used in a web-aware Spring ApplicationContext.
The default scope of a Spring Bean is Singleton.

What are inner beans in Spring?

When a bean is only used as a property of another bean it can be declared as an inner bean.
Spring’s XML-based configuration metadata provides the use of <bean/> element inside
the <property/> or <constructor-arg/> elements of a bean definition, in order to define the
so-called inner bean. Inner beans are always anonymous and they are always scoped as
prototypes.

Explain different modes of auto wiring?

The autowiring functionality has five modes which can be used to instruct Spring container
to use autowiring for dependency injection:

no: This is default setting. Explicit bean reference should be used for wiring.

byName: When autowiring byName, the Spring container looks at the properties of the
beans on which autowireattribute is set to byName in the XML configuration file. It then
tries to match and wire its properties with the beans defined by the same names in the
configuration file.

byType: When autowiring by datatype, the Spring container looks at the properties of the
beans on which autowireattribute is set to byType in the XML configuration file. It then tries
to match and wire a property if its type matches with exactly one of the beans name in
configuration file. If more than one such beans exist, a fatal exception is thrown.

constructor: This mode is similar to byType, but type applies to constructor arguments. If
there is not exactly one bean of the constructor argument type in the container, a fatal error
is raised.
autodetect: Spring first tries to wire using autowire by constructor, if it does not work,
Spring tries to autowirebybyType.

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Design Patterns Used in Java Spring Framework

Dependency injection/ or IoC (inversion of control) – Is the main principle behind decoupling
process that Spring does

Factory – Spring uses factory pattern to create objects of beans using Application Context
reference

// Spring uses factory pattern to create instances of the objects

BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(new FileSystemResource("spring.xml"));
Triangle triangle = (Triangle) factory.getBean("triangle");
triangle.draw();

Proxy – used heavily in AOP, and remoting.

Singleton – by default, beans defined in spring config file (xml) are only created once. No
matter how many calls were made using getBean() method, it will always have only one
bean. This is because, by default all beans in spring are singletons.
This can be overridden by using Prototype bean scope.Then spring will create a new bean
object for every request.

Model View Controller – The advantage with Spring MVC is that your controllers are POJOs
as opposed to being servlets. This makes for easier testing of controllers. One thing to note
is that the controller is only required to return a logical view name, and the view selection is
left to a separate ViewResolver. This makes it easier to reuse controllers for different view
technologies.

Front Controller – Spring provides DispatcherServlet to ensure an incoming request gets

dispatched to your controllers.

View Helper – Spring has a number of custom JSP tags, and velocity macros, to assist in
separating code from presentation in views.

Template method – used extensively to deal with boilerplate repeated code (such as closing
connections cleanly, etc..). For example JdbcTemplate, JmsTemplate, JpaTemplate.

What is Aspect, Advice, Pointcut, JointPoint in AOP?

Aspect: Aspect is a class that implements cross-cutting concerns, such as logger, encryption.

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Aspects can be a normal class configured and then configured in Spring Bean configuration
file or we can use Spring AspectJ support to declare a class as Aspect
using @Aspect annotation.

Advice: Advice is the action taken for a particular join point. In terms of programming, they
are methods that gets executed when a specific join point with matching pointcut is reached
in the application. You can think of Advices as Spring interceptors or Servlet Filters.

Pointcut: Pointcut are regular expressions that is matched with join points to determine
whether advice needs to be executed or not. Pointcut uses different kinds of expressions
that are matched with the join points. Spring framework uses the AspectJ pointcut
expression language for determining the join points where advice methods will be applied.

Join Point: A join point is the specific point in the application such as method execution,
exception handling, changing object variable values etc. In Spring AOP a join points is always
the execution of a method.

What’s the difference between @Component, @Controller, @Repository & @Service

annotations in Spring?

@Component is used to indicate that a class is a component. These classes are used for auto
detection and configured as bean, when annotation based configurations are used.

@Controller is a specific type of component, used in MVC applications and mostly used with
RequestMapping annotation. Handles mainly servlet request and response

@Repository annotation is used to indicate that a component is used as repository and a

mechanism to store/retrieve/search data. We can apply this annotation with DAO pattern
implementation classes. Handles DB Connection and

@Service is used to indicate that a class is a Service. Usually the business facade classes that
provide some services are annotated with this.

We can use any of the above annotations for a class for auto-detection but different types
are provided so that we can avoid conversion of objects as per layers.

How to achieve localization/Multilanguage in Spring MVC applications?

 Spring provides excellent support for localization or i18n through resource bundles.
Basis steps needed to make our application localized are:

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 Creating message resource bundles for different locales, such as

messages_en.properties, messages_fr.properties etc.
 Defining messageSource bean in the spring bean configuration file of
typeResourceBundleMessageSource or ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource.
 For change of locale support, define localeResolver bean of type
CookieLocaleResolver and configure LocaleChangeInterceptor interceptor. Example
configuration can be like below:

<beans:bean id="messageSource"

class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">

<beans:property name="basename" value="classpath:messages" />

<beans:property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" />

</beans:bean>

<beans:bean id="localeResolver"

class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.CookieLocaleResolver">

<beans:property name="defaultLocale" value="en" />

<beans:property name="cookieName" value="myAppLocaleCookie">

</beans:property>

<beans:property name="cookieMaxAge" value="3600"></beans:property>

</beans:bean>

<beans:bean

class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChange

Interceptor">

<beans:property name="paramName" value="locale" />

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</beans:bean>

</interceptors>

 Use spring:message element in the view pages with key names, DispatcherServlet
picks the corresponding value and renders the page in corresponding locale and
return as response.

What are some of the important Spring annotations you have used?

Some of the Spring annotations that I have used in my project are:

@Controller – for controller classes in Spring MVC project.

@RequestMapping – for configuring URI mapping in controller handler methods. This is a

very important annotation

@ResponseBody – for sending Object as response, usually for sending XML or JSON data as
response.

@PathVariable – for mapping dynamic values from the URI to handler method arguments.

@Autowired – for autowiring dependencies in spring beans.

@Qualifier – with @Autowired annotation to avoid confusion when multiple instances of

bean type is present.

@Service – for service classes.

@Scope – for configuring scope of the spring bean.

@Configuration, @ComponentScan and @Bean – for java based configurations.

AspectJ annotations for configuring aspects and

advices, @Aspect, @Before, @After, @Around,@Pointcut etc.

What are the advantages of JdbcTemplate in spring?

Less code: By using the JdbcTemplate class, you don't need to create
connection,statement,starttransaction,commit transaction and close connection to execute
different queries. You can execute the query directly.

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Explain RowMapper Interface?

RowMapper interface allows to map a row of the relations with the instance of user-defined
class. It iterates the ResultSet internally and adds it into the collection. So we don't need to
write a lot of code to fetch the records as ResultSetExtractor.

Advantage of RowMapper :

RowMapper saves a lot of code becuase it internally adds the data of ResultSet into the
collection.

Method of RowMapper interface

It defines only one method mapRow that accepts ResultSet instance and int as the
parameter list. Syntax of the method is given below:

public T mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNumber)throws SQLException

Example:

public class EmployeeDao {

private JdbcTemplate template;

public void setTemplate(JdbcTemplate template) {

this.template = template;

public List<Employee> getAllEmployeesRowMapper(){

return template.query("select * from employee",new RowMapper<Employee>(){

@Override

public Employee mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rownumber) throws SQLException {

154
RaghuSir Sathya Technologies

Employee e=new Employee();

e.setId(rs.getInt(1));

e.setName(rs.getString(2));

e.setSalary(rs.getInt(3));

return e;

} });

DownloadLinks JARS

Spring :
https://repo.spring.io/release/org/springframework/spring/

Hibernate :
https://sourceforge.net/projects/hibernate/files/hibernate3/

Struts :
https://struts.apache.org/download.cgi

RestFul WebService (Jersey):

http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/sun/jersey/jersey-archive/1.19/jersey-archive-
1.19.zip

JAXB For XML (Marshalling and UnMarshalling):

https://jaxb.java.net/2.2.11/jaxb-ri-2.2.11.zip

Eclipse :
http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/packages/eclipse-ide-java-ee-developers/junosr2

155
RaghuSir Sathya Technologies

Oracle DB (Oracle 10gXE):

http://www.mediafire.com/download/roc48z1i6iitpu4/OracleXE.exe

Oracle Type 4 :
http://central.maven.org/maven2/com/oracle/ojdbc14/10.2.0.2.0/ojdbc14-10.2.0.2.0.jar

MySQL:
http://central.maven.org/maven2/mysql/mysql-connector-java/5.0.5/mysql-connector-
java-5.0.5.jar

Commons -logging:
http://central.maven.org/maven2/commons-logging/commons-logging/1.2/commons-
logging-1.2.jar

Java Mail :
http://central.maven.org/maven2/javax/mail/mail/1.4.3/mail-1.4.3.jar

Commons-codec:
http://central.maven.org/maven2/commons-codec/commons-codec/1.10/commons-codec-
1.10.jar

156

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