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Jntuk - R-19 - Operations Management: Unit-I - Part - A

The document discusses operations management and different types of production systems. It introduces operations management and its relationship to other functional areas. It then describes the Theory of Constraints methodology for identifying the most limiting factor impeding a goal. The types of production systems discussed are batch production, continuous production, and project systems. Examples are provided for each type. It also briefly mentions just-in-time (JIT) and lean systems.

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732 views

Jntuk - R-19 - Operations Management: Unit-I - Part - A

The document discusses operations management and different types of production systems. It introduces operations management and its relationship to other functional areas. It then describes the Theory of Constraints methodology for identifying the most limiting factor impeding a goal. The types of production systems discussed are batch production, continuous production, and project systems. Examples are provided for each type. It also briefly mentions just-in-time (JIT) and lean systems.

Uploaded by

Na Ni
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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JNTUK – R-19 - OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

UNIT-I - PART - A

INTRODUCTION TO OPERATION MANAGEMENT


Operations management (OM) is defined as the design, operation, and improvement of the
systems that create and deliver the firm’s primary products and services.

NATURE & SCOPE OF OPERATION/ PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT


RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER FUNCTIONAL AREAS

RECENT TREND IN OPERATION MANAGEMENT


PART - B
MANUFACTURING & THEORY OF CONSTRAINT
The Theory of Constraints is a methodology for
identifying the most important limiting factor (i.e.
constraint) that stands in the way of achieving a goal and
then systematically improving that constraint until it is no
longer the limiting factor. In manufacturing, the
constraint is often referred to as a bottleneck.

Step Objective
Identify the current constraint (the single part of the process that limits the rate
Identify
at which the goal is achieved).
Make quick improvements to the throughput of the constraint using existing
Exploit
resources (i.e. make the most of what you have).
Review all other activities in the process to ensure that they are aligned with
Subordinate
and truly support the needs of the constraint.
If the constraint still exists (i.e. it has not moved), consider what further actions
can be taken to eliminate it from being the constraint. Normally, actions are
Elevate
continued at this step until the constraint has been “broken” (until it has moved
somewhere else). In some cases, capital investment may be required.
The Five Focusing Steps are a continuous improvement cycle. Therefore, once
a constraint is resolved the next constraint should immediately be addressed.
Repeat
This step is a reminder to never become complacent – aggressively improve the
current constraint…and then immediately move on to the next constraint.
TYPES OF PRODUCTION SYSTEM
There are three common types of basic
production systems:

1. Batch production system or


Job shop production,
2. Continuous production
system or flow shop
production,
3. Project system or one-shot
system.

Batch production system

General-purpose equipment and methods are used to produce small quantities of output with
specifications that vary greatly from one batch to the next. A given quantity of a product is
moved as a batch through one or more steps, and the total volume emerges simultaneously at
the end of the production cycle. (e.g) heavy-duty construction equipment, specialty chemicals,
and processed food products,etc

Continuous production system

Items to be processed flow through a series of steps, or operations, that are common to most
other products being processed. Since large volumes of throughput are expected, specially
designed equipment and methods are often used so that lower production costs can be achieved.
(e.g.) assembling automobiles, consumer products such as televisions, washing machines, and
personal computers etc

Project system The project, or “one-shot” system

For a single, one-of-a-kind product Resources are brought together only once. Because of the
singular nature of project systems, special methods of management have been developed to
contain the costs of production within reasonable levels. (e.g.) Construction of building, bridge
etc
JUST IN TIME (JIT)

LEAN SYSTEM.

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