Class 9 Science Force and Laws of

Motion
Class 9 Science Force and Laws
of Motion
I. Multiple Choice Questions
Choose the correct option:
1. The S.I. unit of force is
(a) kgm/s (b) kgm/s2
(c) Newton ( (d) Newton-meter
2. The product of mass and velocity gives a physical quantity
(a) force (b) inertia
(c) momentum (d) Newton
3. The rate of change of momentum of an object is proportional
to
(a) mass of the body (b) velocity of the body
(c) net force applied on the body (d) none of these .
4. If two balls of different masses are dropped on sand, the
depths of penetration is same if:

(a) heavier ball is dropped faster than lighter ball

(b) lighter ball is dropped faster than heavier ball
(c) the product ‘mi/ is same for both bodies
(d) none of these
5. The coin remains at rest in the figure shown. This is due to

(a) inertia of rest

(b) two forces act on the coin which balance each other
(c) no unbalanced force acts on it
(d) all of these
6. A force of 50 N moves a body.
(a) Frictional force exerted on the body is less than 50 N
(b) Frictional force exerted on the body is more than 50 N
(c) None of these
(d) Both (a) and (b)
7. Fielder giving a swing while catching a ball is an example of
(a) inertia (b) momentum
(c) Newton’s II law of motion (d) Newton’s I law of motion
8. Action and reaction forces
(a) acts on same body (b) act on different bodies
(c) act in same direction (d) both (a) and (c)
9. When we stop pedaling the bicycle it stops because
(a) the earths gravitational force acts on it
(b) it is not accelerated
(c) no unbalanced force acts on it
(d) frictional force acts on it
10. A football and a stone has same mass
(a) both have same inertia (b) both have same momentum
(c) both have different inertia (d) both have different
momentum
Answer. 1—(c), 2—(c), 3—(c), 4-(c), 5-(d), 6-(a), 7-(c), 8-(b), 9-(d), 10-
(a).
II. Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1. Define force.
Answer: It is a push or pull on an object that produces acceleration in the
body on which it acts.

Question 2. What is S.I. unit of force?

Answer: S.I. unit of force is Newton.
Question 3. Define one Newton.
Answer: A force of one Newton produces an acceleration of 1 m/s2 on an
object of mass 1 kg. .
1 N = 1 kg m/s2
Question 4. What is balanced force?
Answer: When forces acting on a body from the opposite direction do not
change the state of rest or of motion of an object, such forces are called
balanced forces.
Question 5. What is frictional force?
Answer: The force that always opposes the motion of object is called
force of friction.
Question 6. What is inertia?
Answer: The natural tendency of an object to resist a change in their state
of rest or of uniform motion is called inertia.
Question 7. State Newton’s first law of motion.
Answer: An object remains in a state of rest or of uniform motion in a
straight line unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force.

Question 8. State Newton’s second law of motion.

Answer: The rate of change of momentum of an object is proportional to
the applied unbalanced force in the direction of the force.
Question 9. What is momentum?
Answer: The momentum of an object is the product of its mass and
velocity and has the same direction as that of the velocity. The S. I. unit is
kg m/s. (p = mv)
Question 10. State Newton’s III law of motion.
Answer: To every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction and they
act on two different bodies.
Question 11. Which will have more inertia a body of mass 10 kg
or a body of mass 20 kg?
Answer: A body of mass 20 kg will have more inertia.
Question 12. Name the factor on which the inertia of the body
depends.
Answer: Inertia of a body depends upon the mass of the body.
Question 13. Name two factors which determine the
momentum of a body.
Answer: Two factors on which momentum of a body depend is mass and
velocity. Momentum is directly proportional to the mass and velocity of
the body.
Question 14. What decides the rate of change of momentum of
an object?
Answer: The rate of change of momentum of an object is proportional to
the applied unbalanced force in the direction of force.
Question 15. The diagram shows a moving truck. Forces A, B,
C and D are acting on the truck.
Name the type of forces acting on a truck.

Answer: The forces A, B, C and D acting on the truck are:

III. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. State the difference in balanced and unbalanced
force.
Answer:

Question 2. What change will force bring in a body?

Answer: Force can bring following changes in the body:
1. It can change the speed of a body.
 2. It can change the direction of motion of a body,
3. It can change the shape of the body.
Question 3. When a motorcar makes a sharp turn at a high
speed, we tend to get thrown to one side. Explain why?
Answer: It is due to law of inertia. When we are sitting in car moving in
straight line, we tend to continue in our straight-line motion. But when an
unbalanced force is applied by the engine to change the direction of
motion of the motorcar. We slip to one side of the seat due to the inertia of
our body.
Question 4. Explain why it is dangerous to jump out of a
moving bus.
Answer: While moving in a bus our body is in motion. On jumping out of
a moving bus our feet touches the ground and come to rest. While the
upper part of our body stays in motion and moves forward due to inertia of
motion and hence we can fall in forward direction.
Hence, to avoid this we need to run forward in the direction of bus.
Question 5. Why do fielders pull their hand gradually with the
moving ball while holding a catch?
Answer: While catching a. fast moving cricket ball, a fielder on the
ground gradually pulls his hands backwards with the moving ball. This is
done so that the fielder increases the time during which the high velocity
of the moving ball decreases to zero. Thus, the acceleration of the ball is
decreased and therefore the impact of catching the fast moving ball is
reduced.

Question 6. In a high jump athletic event, why are athletes

made to fall either on a cushioned bed or on a sand bed?
Answer: In a high jump athletic event, athletes are made to fall either on
a cushioned bed or on a sand bed so as to increase the time of the athlete’s
fall to stop after making the jump. This decreases the rate of change of
momentum and hence the force.
Question 7. How does a karate player breaks a slab of ice with
a single blow?
Answer: A karate player applied the blow with large velocity in a very
short interval of time on the ice slab which therefore exerts large amount
of force on it and suddenly breaks the ice slab.
Question 8. What is law of conservation of momentum?
Answer: Momentum of two bodies before collision is equal to the
momentum after collision.
In an isolated system, the total momentum remain conserved.
Question 9. Why are roads on mountains inclined inwards at
turns?
Answer: A vehicle moving on mountains is in the inertia of motion. At a
sudden turn there is a tendency of vehicle to fall off the road due to sudden
change in the line of motion hence the roads are inclined inwards so that
the vehicle does not fall down the mountain.
Question 10. For an athletic races why do athletes have a
special posture with their right foot resting on a solid
supporter?
Answer: Athletes have to run the heats and they rest their foot on a solid
supports before start so that during the start of the race the athlete pushes
the support with lot of force and this support gives him equal and opposite
push to start the race and get a good start to compete for the race.
Question 11.Why do you think it is necessary to fasten your
seat belts while travelling in your vehicle?
Or
How are safety belts helpful in preventing any accidents?
Answer: While we are travelling in a moving car, our body remains in the
state of rest with respect to the seat. But when driver applies sudden breaks
or stops the car our body tends to continue in the same state of motion
because of its inertia. Therefore, this sudden break may cause injury to us
by impact or collision. Hence, safety belt exerts a force on our body to
make the forward motion slower.
Question 12. Explain how momentum gets conserved in
collision of two bodies.
Answer: Consider two bodies i.e., balls A and B, the mass and initial
velocities are mAuA and mBuBrespectively before collision. The two bodies
collide and force is exerted by each body. There is change in their
velocities due to collision.
∴ The total momentum of the two balls remains unchanged or conserved
provided no other external force acts.
Question 13. When you kick a football it flies away but when
you kick a stone you get huh why?
Answer: This is because stone is heavier than football and heavier objects
offer larger inertia.
When we kick a football its mass is less and inertia is also less so force
applied by our kick acts on it and hence it shows larger displacement but in
case of stone, it has larger mass and offers larger inertia. When we kick
(action) the stone it exerts an equal and opposite force (reaction) and hence
it hurts the foot.
Question 14. If a person jumps from a height on a concrete
surface he gets hurt. Explain.
Answer: When a person jumps from a height he is in state of inertia of
motion. When he suddenly touches the ground he comes to rest in a very
short time and hence the force exerted by the hard concrete surface on his
body is very high, and the person gets hurt.
Question 15. What is the relation between Newton’s three laws
of motion?
Answer: Newton’s first law explains about the unbalanced force required
to bring change in the position of the body.
Second law states/explains about the amount of force required to produce a
given acceleration.
And Newton’s third law explains how these forces acting on a body are
interrelated.
Question 16. Give any three examples in daily life which are
based on Newton’s third law of motion.
Answer: Three examples based on Newton’s third law are :
1. Swimming: We push the water backward to move forward.
action – water is pushed behind
reaction – water pushes the swimmer ahead
2. Firing gun: A bullet fired from a gun and the gun recoils.
action – gun exerts force on the bullet
reaction – bullet exerts an equal and opposite force on the gun
3. Launching of rocket
action – hot gases from the rocket are released reaction – the gases
exert upward push to the rocket