NANCY ROPER, WINIFRED W.

LOGAN
AND
ALISON J. TIERNEY
The Roper-Logan-Tierney Model for Nursing
Based on a Model of Living
 M
Gelacio
E Gumapac
M
B
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Hagopit R Lawas

S
 TO BE DISCUSSED

Biography The Roper-Logan_Tierney's Views on Metaparadigm Conclusion

Theory
Theorists
Biography
 Biography
➤ born on September 29, 1918
in Wetheral, Cumberland

➤ studied to be registered sick children's nurse

➤ 1943 she became sa state registered nurse

➤ 1950 she earned a sister tutor's diploma

➤ passed away on October 5, 2004

Nancy Roper
 Biography

➤ born on May 19, 193

➤ started nursing education in Edinburgh
➤ 1996 Logan earned a masters in Nursing
from Columbia University
➤ became Executive Director of International
Council of Nurses
➤ worked in the high-level position in the
Department of Nursing Studies at The University
of Edinburgh
➤ Nurse Education Officer at the Scottish Office

Winifred W. Logan
 Biography

➤ born on May 4, 1948

➤ Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Advance Nursing
➤ she was based for almost 30 years in the
University of Edinburgh in Scotland (UK)
➤ 10 years as Director of the Nursing Research
Unit
➤ Professor of Nursing Research and Head of the
Department of Nursing Studies
➤ contributions to the nursing profession were
recognized in the award of a CBE "for services to
nursing research and education"
Alison J. Tierney
THE ROPER-LOGAN-TIERNEY
MODEL FOR NURSING BASED
ON A MODEL OF LIVING
The Roper-Logan-Tierney Model for Nursing Based on a
Model of Living
The Roper-Logan-Tierney Model of Nursing is a theory of nursing care based on activities of
daily living which are often abbreviated ADLs or ALs. The model is named after its developers: Nancy
Roper, Winifred W. Logan, and Alison J. Tierney. The inspiration comes from the work of Virginia
Henderson.
The purpose of the theory is an assessment used
throughout the patient’s care. It is often used to
assess how the life of a patient has changed due to illness, injury or admission to a hospital rather
than as a way of planning for increasing independence and quality of life.
The nurses use the model to assess the patient’s relative independence and potential for
independence in the activities of daily living. The patient’s independence is looked at on a
continuum that ranges from complete dependence to complete independence. This helps the
nurse determine what interventions will lead to increased independence as well as what ongoing
support is needed to offset any dependency that still exists.
The R-L-T Model of Nursing
The activities of living listed in the Roper-Logan-Tierney

Model of Nursing are:

Maintaining a safe environment

Communicating
Breathing
Eating and drinking
Eliminating
Personal cleansing and dressing
Controlling body temperature
Mobilizing
Working and playing
Expressing sexuality
Sleeping and;
Dying
1. MAINTAINING A SAFE ENVIRONMENT
Ability to avoid dangers is dictated by knowledge and awareness of them, as well as motivation to comply
with sensible precautions.
2. COMMUNICATING
one main purpose of communicating is to establish and maintain human relationships.
3. BREATHING
Is necessary for human life. Life is dependent on the patients ability to breathe effectively.
4. EATING AND DRINKING
The basic purpose of eating and drinking is to provide the fluids and the nutrients necessary to permit
growth of body cells until adult stature is reached.
5. ELIMINATING
The main purpose of this private activity is to rid the body of its waste products – urine and feces.

6. PERSONAL CLEANSING AND DRESSING

Cleansing and grooming of the body are essential dimensions of well- being.
7. CONTROLLING BODY TEMPRATURE
The maintenance of a constant body temperature is essential for all cellular chemical processes.
If the body temperature should rise or fall excessively damage to cells and the possibility of death
may occur.
8. MOBILIZING
The capacity of movement is a most essential and highly valued human activity.
9. WORKING AND PLAYING
Works provide an income, sense of purpose, accomplishment, company, status in the family and
society. Playing describes what a person does in “ non-work” time.
10. EXPRESSING SEXUALITY
Sexuality is a significant dimension of personality and behavior.
11. SLEEPING
Sleeps allows the body to recharge and relax.
12. DYING
The activity of dying is the final act of living which may be sudden or prolonged.


Major Concepts

- Activities of Living (ALs)

- Lifespan
- Dependence/Independence Continuum
- Influences on ALs
- Individuality in Living

ACTIVITIES OF LIVING (ALS)

– The ALs are what constitute “everyday living activities” (Roper, Logan, & Tierney, 2000, p. 14) .
Roper et al. (2000) indicated that the ALs are more commonly referred to as the Activities of
Daily Living (ADLs) in the United States. They identified 12 ALs.

Eating food and drinking fluids

Eliminating body wastes
Personal cleansing and dressing
Controlling body temperature
Mobilizing
Working and playing
Expressing sexuality
Sleeping
Dying

LIFESPAN
-“[L]iving is concerned with the whole of a person’s life . . from birth to death” (Roper et al. 2000, p, 55)

DEPENDENCE/INDEPENDENCE CONTINUUM

-The continuum ranges from total dependence to total independence, exists for each AL throughout the
lifespan, and changes as the person ages as well as if some event or health condition or other circumstance
requires a temporary or permanent change.
INFLUENCES ON ALS

-factors that affect the performance of ALs at any time during the lifespan. Each influence on one or more
ALs. can be a positive influence, which is a facilitator that supports and enhances the AL(s), or can be a
negative influence, which is a barrier that may be a potential or actual health hazard. Roper et al. (2000)
identified five interrelated influences on ALs.

Biological
Psychological
Sociocultural
Environmental
Politico-Economic

INDIVIDUALITY IN LIVING

Emphasizes how the ALs, Dependence/Independence Continuum, and

Influences on ALs are “experienced by each individual” (Roper et al., 2000,
p. 75)
 4 PHASES

Assessing Planning Implementing Evaluating

Assessing

Roper point out that although the word

"ASSESSMENT" has generally been adopted for the
first phase of the process of nursing, their view is
that the word "assessing" should be encouraged
as it implies a more cyclical activity rather than a
"once only".
Planning

Care is planned according to the nature of the

actual or potential problems identified and is
dependent on the nurses' knowledge of
appropriate care to be given for that health
problem and taking account of the individuality of
the patient.
Implementing

This is the 3rd stage of the nursing process and is

evidence of how the nurse intervenes to solve the
actual or potential problems the patient/client may
experience.
Evaluating

Any care planned and implemented must have

some outcome if it is to be worthwhile in terms of
benefiting patients.
 VIEWS ON THE 4
METAPARADIGMS

E
N N
P U H V
E R E I
R S A R
O
S I L N
O N T M
N G H E
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 PERSON NURSING

The model of nursing defines persons Define by the model is

as humans , the the person as well as "what nursing is rather
the nurse is the individual performing is than what nurses do".
or experiencing the activities of daily
living (ADL) with the influencing factors
the ability to perform ALDs throughout
human from birth to old age

HEALTH ENVIRONMENT

Is the model of living refers to how a Is the physically external

individual would carry out their ADLs in factors that influence the
relation to the five factors the individual's ADLs.
dependence/independence continuum.
 CONCLUSION
The model provides a systematic and logical means of delivering care, encouraging
team participation leading to primary care and continuity of care abolishing the
1960’s task allocation style of nursing (Roper et al, 1996). Adapting Roper-Logan-
Tierney’s Model into practice is not difficult, for the reason that it is understandable,
clear, and simple. It is also easy to use and easy to translate into practice. The model
can be used in all walks of life. It only shows how the model works in different
settings. How easily it can be incorporated into the practice. The model illustrates
the impact of Activity of Living, and the connection of one activity to another. It also
explained how nursing should be done into practice. Roper identified nursing as
helping people to prevent, alleviate, or solve, or cope positively with problems
related to activities of living. It is not only recognizing the existing problem but also
preventing the potential problems.
References:

https://nursing-theory.org/theories-and-models/roper-model-for-nursing-based-
on-a-model-of-living.php
Nursing Theorists and Their Work 9th Edition Book by Martha Raile Alligood