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General Physics 1 Class

The document provides information about general physics 1 virtual class rules, the definition and scope of physics, and an introduction to the International System of Units (SI) for measurements in physics. It discusses the seven base SI units, derived units, rules for writing SI unit symbols, and the concepts of significant figures and proper techniques for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of measurements with significant figures.

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Ciara Adrianne Tiongzon - Reyes
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30 views56 pages

General Physics 1 Class

The document provides information about general physics 1 virtual class rules, the definition and scope of physics, and an introduction to the International System of Units (SI) for measurements in physics. It discusses the seven base SI units, derived units, rules for writing SI unit symbols, and the concepts of significant figures and proper techniques for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of measurements with significant figures.

Uploaded by

Ciara Adrianne Tiongzon - Reyes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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General Physics 1 Class

Virtual Class Rules


• Be kind and courteous
• No hate speech or bullying
• No promotions or spam
• Respect everyone’s privacy
• Be on time!
• Dress appropriately.
• Use the chat responsibly
Differentiate
physics from
other branches
of science
What is physics?
• The most basic of all branches of
science.
• The study of matter, and energy,
and the inter-actions between
them.
• The foundation upon which other
sciences are based.
WHAT IS PHYSICS?
•The study of physics is also
an adventure. You will find it
challenging, sometimes
frustrating.
•Is an experimental science.
MEASUREMENTS
The word measurement stems,
via the Middle French term
mesure, from Latin mēnsūra,
and the verb metiri
Measurement consists of a
numerical value and a unit of
measurement to which the
number is referred
A measurement is defined as the
ratio of the magnitude (how much)
of any quantity to a standard value.
The standard value is called a unit
A measurement of any kind
requires both a magnitude
and a unit.
Measurement is the process or
the result of determining the
magnitude of a quantity, such as
length or mass, relative to a unit
of measurement.
SYSTEMS
OF
MEASUREMENTS
1) ENGLISH units

2) METRIC or SI units
The International System of Units
(abbreviated SI from the
French Le Système
International d'Unités) is the
modern form of the metric
system
TWO TYPES OF of SI units

1) BASE units.

2) DERIVED units
Base units are the simple
measurements for time, length,
mass, temperature, amount of
substance, electric current and
light intensity.
Name Unit symbol Quantity Symbol

metre m length l (a lowercase L)

kilogram kg mass m
second s time t
ampere A electric current I (a capital i)
thermodynamic
kelvin K T
temperature
Iv (a capital i with
candela cd Luminous intensity lowercase v
subscript)
Amount of
mole mol n
substance
SEVEN BASE
Derived units are constructed
from the base units, for example,
the joule ( J ) , i.e. the unit for
energy or work, is defined from
the base units as N.m or N m
Derived units from SI base units

Name Symbol Quantity


2 2
meter m area
meter3 m3 volume
3 3
mole/meter mol/meter concentration
newton N Force
RULES in WRITING
the
SI units
1) Symbols do not have an
appended period/full stop (.).
Example : kg , m , s
2) Symbols are written in upright
Roman type like m for meters,
s for seconds)
3)All symbols of prefixes larger
3
than 10 (kilo) are uppercase.
6
Ex: M= 10
4) Symbols of units are not
pluralised, for example
"25 kg"
(not "25 kgs“ ).
The units lux, hertz, and
siemens are exceptions from this
rule: They remain the same in
singular and plural.This rule
applies only to the full names of
units, not to their symbols.
A space separates the number and
the symbol; e.g.,"2.21 kg",
2 2
"7.3×10 m " "22 K". This rule
explicitly includes the percent sign
(100 %).
Exceptions are the symbols for
plane angular degrees, minutes
and seconds (°, ′ and ″), which are
placed immediately after the
number with no intervening
space.
30°
25º 10′
15º 15′ 25″
6) Spaces may be used as a
thousands separator (1 000 000) in
contrast to commas or periods
(1,000,000 or 1.000.000)
7) Symbols for derived units
(formed from multiple units by
multiplication) are joined with a
center dot (·), "N·m", dot (.)
"N.m", ,or a non-break space,
"N m“.
8) Symbols formed by division of
two units are joined with a solidus
(⁄), or given as a negative
exponent.
Example : 2.5 km/sec or
-1
2.5 km sec
For example, the "meter per
second" can be written "m⁄s",
−1 -1 −1
"m s “ never ms , or "m·s “
Only one solidus should be used;
2 −1 −2
e.g., "kg⁄(m·s )" or "kg/m ·s ”
RECORDING
MEASUREMEN
TS
SIGNIFICAN
T
FIGURES
They are measurements which
consist of digits known with
certainty plus the first
uncertain digit.
Why are Significant figures
critical when reporting
scientific data?
Significant figures are critical
when reporting scientific data
because they give the reader an
idea of how well a data was
actually measured or reported
RULES
in using
Significant Figures
1)ALL non-zero numbers
(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) are ALWAYS
significant.
2)ALL zeroes between non-zero
numbers are ALWAYS
significant.
Example : 2005 cm,
9.0008 ft
3)ALL zeroes which are
SIMULTANEOUSLY to the
right
of the decimal point AND at the
end of the number are
ALWAYS
significant.
Example: 2.0090
4)ALL zeroes which are to the left
of a written decimal point and
are in a number >= 10 are
ALWAYS significant.
Example: 10.50 m
5) Zeroes at the end of a number
may or may not be significant.
Example: 3800
3
3.800 x 10
3
3.80 x 10
3
3.8 x 10
If zero merely locates the decimal
point , it is not significant.
Example: 80 kg, 0.250 m

A zero before first non-zero digit


is not significant.
Example: 09.50 cm
How many Numbers
significant 48,923
figures are 3.967
present in the 900.06
following 0.0004
numbers? 8.1000
501.040
3,000,000
10.0
RULES
ADDITION
AND
SUBTRACTION
of
SIGNIFICANT FIGURES
ADDITION AND
SUBTRACTION:

The number with the lowest


decimal place determines the
place of the last significant
figure in the answer
ADDITION:
1) 32.55 + 0.32 + 2.51+ 454.21=
2) 2.4 + 3.20 =
3) 4.50 + 5.897 + 3.2987 =
SUBTRACTION:
1) 32.55 - 0.32 - 2.51- 454.21=
2) 22.4 -3.20 =
3) 24.50 - 5.897 -2.2987 =
SUBTRACTION:
1) 32.55 - 0.32 - 2.51- 454.21=
2) 22.4 -3.20 =
3) 24.50 - 5.897 -2.2987 =
MULTIPLICATION AND
DIVISION

The final answer must have


the same no. of SF as the
factor with the least no. of SF.
MULTIPLICATION

.
1) 2.45 x 3.206
2) 42.36 X 2.1
DIVISION

.
1) 81.40/9.2
2) 42.0/7
ROUNDING
. OFF
OF NUMBERS
1. When the number to be
dropped is greater than 5,
increase the preceding number
by one .
Example: 6.28
2. When the number to be
dropped is 5 and the preceding
number is an odd number,
increase the preceding number
by one .
Example: 6.35
3. When the number to be
dropped is 5 and the preceding
number is an even number,
retain the preceding number.
Example: 6.28

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