Department of Agricultural Sciences
DR. K. N. MODI UNIVERSITY, NEWAI
RAJASTHAN
Plant Clinic Report
Topic:- Papaya
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:
DR. PALAK MISHRA NAME: AMISHA RAJ
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR ERP.ID: 01709BAG133
ROLL.NO: 2017BSA132
BRANCH: B.SC. Ag.
SEMESTER: SEVEN
INDEX
S.NO. TITLES
1) Introduction of Plant Clinic
Aim & objectives
2) Papaya : Introduction
3) Major diseases and their control
4) Majot insects pests & their management
INTRODUCTION
Plant Clinic
Plant clinic are the clinics designed to provide plant disease
diagnostic and recommendation services for anyone from home
owner to commercial growers.
The services in plant clinics include through examination and
analysis of sample plant materials for fungal, bacterial , viral and
nematodal pathogene.
It focuses on controlling pests and diseases; maintaining the soil
health and encouraging healthy agricultural practices to improve
the plant and soil health.
Aims of Plant Clinic:
1) The main aim of setting up such clinic is to diagnose pests and
diseases in any crop.
2) The underlying aim is to provide accurate knowledge to the
community.
3) They provides solutions to enhance plant health and bring
economic benefits.
Objectives:
Reduce crop loss due to insect and disease
Minimizing the indiscriminate use of agrochemical
Dissemination of appropriate plant protection technology
Provide efficient plant health services to the resource
poor to commercial growers
Provide services on soil health related problems
Papaya: Introduction:
Botanical name : Carica papaya
Family : Caricaceae
Origin : Tropical America
Papaya is one of the important delicious fruit crop
grown in the tropical & subtropical parts of the world.
It is also known as the wonder fruits of tropies.
It gives maximum yield per unit and income next to
banana.
Its latex is used as a papain in food & medicine industry.
Ripe fruit is very delicious containing vitamin A and
carbohydrates.
Papaya Diseases and their Control
Major Papaya diseases are given below:-
1.Papaya Stem rot / Foot rot: Pythium aphanidermatum
Symptom:
Water soaked spot in the stem at the ground level
which enlarges and griddle the stem.
The diseased area turns brown or black and rot.
Terminal leaves turn yellow drop off.
Management:
Seed treatment with Thiram or Captan 4 g/kg or
Chlorothalonil.
Drenching with Copper oxychloride 0.25 % or
Bordeaux mixture 1% or Metalaxyl 0.1%
2.Papaya Powdery mildew: Oidium caricae
Symptom:
While mycelia growth appears on the upper surface
of the leaf, flower stalks and fruit.Seven attack causes
yellowing and defoliation of leaves.
Management:
Spray Wettable Sulphur 0.25% or Dinocap 0.05% or
Chinomethionate 0.1%or Tridemorph 0.1%.
3.Papaya ring spot: Papaya ring spot virus
Symptom:
Vein clearing, puckering and chlorophyll leaf tissues
lobbying in.
Margin and distal parts of leaves roll downward and
inwards, mosaic mottling, dark green blisters, leaf
distortion which results in shoe string system and
stunting of plants.
On fruits, circular concentric rings are produced.If
affected earlier no fruit formation.
Management:
Raise papaya seedlings under insect-proof conditions.
Plant disease free seedlings.
4.Papaya Leaf curl: Papaya leaf curl virus
Symptom:
Curling, crinkling and distortion of leaves, reduction of
leaf lamina, rolling of leaf margins inward and
downward, thickening of veins.
Leaves become leathery, brittle and distorted.Plants
stunted.Affected plants does not produce flowers and
fruits.
Spread by whitefly Bemisia tabaci.
Management:
Uproot affected plants.
Avoid growing tomato, tobacco near papaya.
Spraying with systemic insecticides to control the
vector.
5.Papaya Anthracnose: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Symptoms:-
If affect leaf and stem on erotic spots are
produced.On fruit initially, brown superficial
discoloration of the skin develops which is circular
and slightly sunken.
Then they coalesce in which sparse mycelial growth
appear on the margins of a spot.
Under the humid condition, salmon pink spores are
released.Fruits mummified and deformed.
Infected fruit:
Infection is caused by fruit from the field. Secondary
spread by conidia by rain splashes.
Pests of Papaya
Papaya is one of the important quick growing fruit crops.
There are some major pests that can cause damage and
spoil the production. For the protection of papaya, proper
identification and management of pests should be
adopted.
Major pests of Papaya are:-
1.Whitefly: Bemisia tabaci
Symptoms of damage:
Nymphs and adults suck the sap from undersurface of
the leaves
Yellowing of leaves.
Identification of pest:
Egg – pear shaped, light yellowish
Nymph – Oval, scale-like, greenish white
Settle down on a succulent part of leaves.
Adult – White, tiny, scale-like adults.
Management:
Field sanitation
Removal of host plants
Installation of yellow sticky traps
Spray application of imidacloprid 200SL at 0.01% or
triazophos 40EC at 0.06% during heavy infestation.
Spray neem oil 3% or NSKE 5%
Release of predators viz., Coccinellid predator,
Cryptolaemus montrouzieri
2.Fruit fly: Bactrocera (Dacus) dorsalis
Symptoms of damage:
Maggots puncture into semi-ripe fruits with decayed
spots
Oozing of fluid and brownish rotten patches on fruits.
Dropping of fruits.
Identification of pest:
Egg – pear shaped, light yellowish
Nymph – Oval, scale-like, greenish white
Settle down on a succulent part of leaves.
Adult – White, tiny, scale-like adults.
Management:
Collect fallen infested fruits and dispose of them by
dumping in a pit and covering with soil.
Provide summer ploughing to expose the pupa
Monitor the activity of flies with methyl eugenol sex
lure traps.
Heavy application of dust and sprays of pyrethrum or
BHC
Spray fenthion 100 EC 2 ml/ lit or Malathion 50 EC
2ml/lit.
Field release of natural enemies Opius compensates
and Spalangia philippines
Note
Prepare bait with methyl eugenol 1% solution mixed
with malathion 0.1%.
Take 10 ml of this mixture per trap and keep them in
25 different places in one hectare between 6 a.m. and
8 a.m.
250 ml capacity wide mouthed bottle fitted with the
hanging device at its neck.
Change the solution at a fortnightly interval from
March to July.
3.Ash weevils: Myllocerus spp
Symptoms of damage:
Grub feed on the roots
Wilting of young saplings
notching of leaf margin by adults
Identification of pest:
Grub – small, apodous
Adult – greenish white with dark lines on elytra
Management:
Collect and destroy the adults
Spray carbaryl 50 WP at 2g/lit
