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Philosophy involves using logical reasoning to understand life, answer questions, and form beliefs. It examines different views on reality and truth. Major philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle developed new methods of thinking and reasoning and addressed fundamental questions about ethics, politics, and knowledge. Socrates pioneered the Socratic method of questioning beliefs and emphasized examining one's life. Plato documented Socrates' teachings and developed his theory of forms. Aristotle established the first institution of higher learning and made advances in logic and reasoning. Overall, philosophy aims to understand life and the world through rational thought.

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50 views

Ms Word Notes Template 1

Philosophy involves using logical reasoning to understand life, answer questions, and form beliefs. It examines different views on reality and truth. Major philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle developed new methods of thinking and reasoning and addressed fundamental questions about ethics, politics, and knowledge. Socrates pioneered the Socratic method of questioning beliefs and emphasized examining one's life. Plato documented Socrates' teachings and developed his theory of forms. Aristotle established the first institution of higher learning and made advances in logic and reasoning. Overall, philosophy aims to understand life and the world through rational thought.

Uploaded by

mari you
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Philosophy

Philosophy

Date: 09/14/21

Philosophy

1. Logical reasoning to answer any questions or problems.

2. Means to view and encounter life.

3. A system of beliefs and behaviors based upon experience and judgement.

4. Different views and beliefs that people have.

5. Just personal opinions.

6. Logical thinking or reasoning, taking to account all that is known to be convincing.

7. Great thinkers thought and ideas.

8. A way of viewing the world and handling life’s experiences and explaining it.
SOME COMMON
MEANINGS
1.It is an ideas, views, principles, perspectives and beliefs “Philosophy of life”

Sophist
2.The activity of reasoning Example: Philosopher-Pilosopo
3. It refers to academic course or subject.
• A group of intellectuals who taught oratory for a fee to individual.
• They believed that all truths are relative in that all truths are determined by human interest. Therefore, no
Pythagoras
truth that holds for all humans. Philosopher’s view
• (570 BCE to 495 BCE) • Truth are universal (true for all human)
• He is the first person who used the word philosopher. • Objective (Independent of human interest)

>Philosopher = Wise Man

Protagoras
• “Man is the measure of all things”
• A leading sophist

Philosophers during the Socratic


Period
WRITINGS AND CONTRIBUTIONS
Socrates
• He spent his days in the agora (the
Athenian marketplace), asking questions
• (Socratic method) of those who would speak with him
• “Knowledge is virtue.” – To know the good is to do good” • Socratic Method
• “Unexamined life is not worth living” • Docta Ignorantia
• “True learning is always dialogical” • Arete “Virtue of perfection”
• Plato, his student wrote accounts about
him known as ”Socratic Dialogue”
Plato
WRITINGS AND CONTRIBUTIONS
• (Theory of forms) • He wrote “The Apology” where he gives
• “Philosophy begins in wonder-- it is mere beyond curiosity” account to Socrates trial
• Also “The Republic” where he presents
his famous “Theory of forms”
• Established the Academy, the first
university to emerge in the history of
Western Europe that aimed to pursue
scientific knowledge through original
research. –

Aristotle WRITINGS AND CONTRIBUTIONS


• Established a school in Athens called
• (Deductive reasoning) Lyceum
• “All men by nature desire to know” • He developed the syllogism, two valid
premises guarantee the truth of a
conclusion.
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