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How To Configure VLAN and interVLAN Routing in Packet Tracer

1) The document describes how to configure VLANs and inter-VLAN routing in Packet Tracer by creating two VLANs (VLAN 10 and 20) on a switch, assigning switch ports and PC interfaces to the VLANs, and configuring a router interface with subinterfaces to allow communication between the VLANs. 2) Key steps include creating VLANs 10 and 20 on the switch, assigning switch ports as access ports to the VLANs to connect PCs, configuring a trunk port for inter-VLAN traffic, assigning IP addresses to PCs in different VLANs, and configuring the router interface with subinterfaces for each VLAN to act as a router-on-a-stick for inter-VLAN routing.

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Ion Iacovlev
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70 views

How To Configure VLAN and interVLAN Routing in Packet Tracer

1) The document describes how to configure VLANs and inter-VLAN routing in Packet Tracer by creating two VLANs (VLAN 10 and 20) on a switch, assigning switch ports and PC interfaces to the VLANs, and configuring a router interface with subinterfaces to allow communication between the VLANs. 2) Key steps include creating VLANs 10 and 20 on the switch, assigning switch ports as access ports to the VLANs to connect PCs, configuring a trunk port for inter-VLAN traffic, assigning IP addresses to PCs in different VLANs, and configuring the router interface with subinterfaces for each VLAN to act as a router-on-a-stick for inter-VLAN routing.

Uploaded by

Ion Iacovlev
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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How to configure VLAN and interVLAN

Routing in Packet Tracer


1. In Cisco Packet Tracer, create the network topology as shown below:

2. Create 2 VLANs on the switch:  VLAN 10 and VLAN 20. You can give


them custom names.
Switch#config terminal
Switch(config)#vlan 10
Switch(config-vlan)#name SALES
Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 20
Switch(config-vlan)#name IT
3. Assign switch ports  to the VLANs. Remember each VLAN is viewed as
separate broadcast domain.

And just before you configure, have in mind that switch ports could be
either access or trunk.

 An access port is  assigned to a single VLAN . These ports are configured


for switch ports that connect to devices with a normal network card, for
example a PC in a network.
 A trunk port  on the other hand is a port that can be connected to another
switch or router. This port can carry traffic of multiple VLANs.

So in our case, we’ll configure switch interfaces fa 0/1 through fa


0/4 as access ports to connect to our PCs. Here, interfaces fa 0/1 and fa 0/2 are
assigned to VLAN 10 while interfaces fa 0/3 and fa 0/4 are assigned to VLAN
20.
Switch Interface fa0/5 will be configured as  trunk port, as it will be used to carry
traffic between the two VLANs via the router.
Switch>enable
Switch#config terminal

Switch(config)#int fa0/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10

Switch(config-if)#int fa0/2
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10

Switch(config-if)#int fa0/3
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20

Switch(config-if)#int fa0/4
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20
Worth noting: We could have configured all the above interfaces as access ports
using interface range command as shown below:
Switch(config-if)#int range fa0/1-4
Switch(config-if-range)#switchport mode access
In the above commands, we have specified an interface range and then
proceeded to configure all the ports specified as access ports.

Interface fa0/5 is configured as trunk and will be used to  for inter-VLAN


communication.
Switch(config)#int fa 0/5
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
The next thing is to:

4 . Assign static IP addresses to the four PCs which are located in the separate
VLANs. PC1  and PC2  fall in VLAN 10  while PC3 and PC4 fall in VLAN 20.

PC1   IP address 192.168.1.10   Subnet mask 255.255.255.0  Default


gateway 192.168.1.1

PC2:  IP address 192.168.1.20  Subnet mask 255.255.255.0  Default


gateway 192.168.1.1

PC3: IP address 192.168.2.10    Subnet mask 255.255.255.0  Default


gateway 192.168.2.1

PC4: IP address  192.168.2.20  Subnet mask   255.255.255.0  Default


gateway 192.168.2.1
And now it’s very clear that we treat a VLAN just like a physical LAN when
assigning IP addresses.

At this point let’s try to test connectivity within VLANs and between VLANs

To test communication between hosts in the same VLAN:

Ping PC2 from PC1 both in VLAN 10. Ping test should be successful.

To test connectivity between hosts in different VLANs:

Ping PC3 in VLAN 20 from PC1 in VLAN 10. Ping  here will definitely fail. Why?
Because inter-VLAN routing is not yet enabled. Hope you can see how  we’ve
used VLANs to place the hosts into two  logical networks which can be viewed as
separate broadcast domains.

Now, in order to allow the hosts in the two VLANs to communicate, we need to
do something extra. And you can guess what. We’ll configure the router to
permit  inter-VLAN communication. Let’s do that right away.

5. Configure inter-VLAN routing on the router

We’ll configure the router so that it will enable communication between the two
vlans via a single physical interface. How is this made possible? We’ll divide the
single physical interface on the router into logical interfaces (sub interfaces).
Each sub-interface will then serve as a default gateway for each of the VLANs.
This scenario is called router on a stick (R.O.A.S) and will allow  the VLANs to
communicate through the single physical interface.

Wort noting:  We  can’t  assign an IP address to the router’s physical interface


that we have subdivided into  logical sub-interfaces. We’ll instead assign IP
addresses to the sub interfaces.

So let’s do router configurations:


Router>enable
Router#config terminal

Router(config)#int fa0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#int fa0/0.10
Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 10
Router(config-subif)#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-subif)#

Router(config-subif)#int fa0/0.20
Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 20
Router(config-subif)#ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
As you can notice from above, the routers physical interface fa0/0  was
subdivided into two sub-interfaces( fa0/0.10 and  fa0/0.20) , which are then
configured as trunk interfaces and given IP addresses.

Finally,

6. Test inter-VLAN connectivity.

Here we’ll test connectivity between computers in different VLANs . Don’t forget


that its the router that enables  inter-VLAN routing.

Ping PC3 in VLAN  20 from PC1 in VLAN 10. If everything is well configured,
then ping should work perfectly.

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