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3.clause and Sentence

The document discusses different types of clauses and sentences. It defines independent clauses as groups of words containing a subject and verb that express a complete thought. Dependent clauses also contain a subject and verb but do not express a complete thought on their own. A simple sentence contains a single independent clause, while a compound sentence joins two independent clauses with a conjunction. A complex sentence contains an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.

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58 views

3.clause and Sentence

The document discusses different types of clauses and sentences. It defines independent clauses as groups of words containing a subject and verb that express a complete thought. Dependent clauses also contain a subject and verb but do not express a complete thought on their own. A simple sentence contains a single independent clause, while a compound sentence joins two independent clauses with a conjunction. A complex sentence contains an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.

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© © All Rights Reserved
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CLAUSE

AND
SENTENCE

Izzah Fijriyah
Independent and Dependent Clauses
 An independent clause is a group of words that
contains a subject and verb and expresses a
complete thought.
 Difa studied in the cafeteria for his chemistry quiz.

 A dependent clause is a group of words that contains a


subject and verb but does not express a complete
thought.
 When Jamal studied in the cafeteria for his Chemistry
quiz. (NOT a sentence!)
The Simple Sentence
A simple sentence is a single independent
clause.

CHARACTERISTICS:
Contains a subject and a predicate
Express a complete thought.
It can stand alone
The Simple Sentence
 A simple or BASIC sentence will have a subject and
a verb (subject and predicate).

EXAMPLES

Pipit went to the park.

Aldo saw a huge bear.


a. Izzah, my next door neighbor, went to the store to
buy some apples.
b. Markucel and Markonah went on a day long hike near
Toba Lake.
c. Tomy went to the store.
Simple Subject

Izzah, my next door neighbor, went to the store to buy some apples.

Simple Subject Complete Subject

The Complete Subject tells about the WHOLE subject of the


sentence.
Compound Sentences
 A compound sentence contains two independent
clauses.
 Conjunctions (for, and, nor, but, or, and yet, so) join
these independent clauses. (Hint: The conjunctions
spell FANBOYS.)
 The conjunction used can impact the meaning of the
sentence.
The Compound Sentence
 A compound sentence consists of two sentences joined
together by FANBOYS
 (For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So) or a SEMICOLON.
Examples

 Ziza wanted to go shopping, but she decided to


stay home instead.

 Marzuki stayed at home all day long, for he didn’t


like to deal with crowds.

 Andy’s girlfriend was in Austria for six months, so


he was pretty bummed out.
Complex Sentences
 A complex sentence is an independent clause
joined by one or more dependent clauses.
 A subordinating conjunction begins the dependent
clauses.
 A dependent clause that begins a sentence must be
followed by comma.
 A dependent clause has a subject and a verb, but it
does not make sense on its own.
Subordinating Conjunctions
After How Until
Although If Unless
As Though As If
Even Though When As Long As
At Least Whenever As Much As
Soon Before So That
Wherever As Though Since
While Because
Sample Complex Sentences
 After he gave it some thought, the mouse decided
to wait until later for his trek.
 When the mouse heard the soft snoring of his
sleeping nemesis, he scurried to the pantry and
grabbed enough food for a week.
 Galuh played football while Mirza went shopping.
Now you try!
Answer the following questions.
1. __________ Joko ate a really big dinner, now he wants to
eat cake for dessert.
2. He'll be able to maintain a healthy weight ______he keeps
exercising.
3. _______the world is getting warmer, polar bears are in
danger of becoming extinct.
4. We were happy ________we received the first prize.
5. There was a silence ________the guests had gone.

when, If, after, although, because


Let’s Practice!
Write S next to Simple sentence, CD next to
Compound sentence and CX next to Complex
1. The teacher walked into the classroom, greeted the
students, and took attendance.
2. Because the cost of education is rising, many students
must work part-time.
3. Do you like Agung or Mahmud?
4. I want popcorn, yet I also want pizza.
5. Sumayah went to the store to buy eggs, milk, and bread
Thanks a million

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