Fifth Grade Math Curriculum Essential Questions
Fifth Grade Math Curriculum Essential Questions
Essential Questions: How does understanding the numerical value of a number help you in everyday life?
Performance Indicators Guided Questions Essential Knowledge & Skills Classroom Ideas Assessment Ideas
When given a specific number in the Understand the place value structure of the One or more of the following Students demonstrate
5.N.3 ones, thousands, or millions period, base 10 number system: instructional strategies will be used to mastery of knowledge
how can you determine the value of 10 ones = 1 ten teach the essential knowledge and and skills by one or
an individual digit? 10 tens = 1 hundred skills of place value: more of the following
5.N.1 10 hundreds = 1 thousand methods:
How do you read and write whole 10 thousands = 1 ten thousand
numbers up to hundred millions? 10 ten thousands = 1 hundred thousand Use paper and pencil and blackboard to Oral answers to directed
10 hundred thousands = 1 million model place value. questions
5.N.27 What strategies are used to round off
a number? Read and write whole numbers to millions Use the following tools to teach and Guided and independent
practice: practice of skills
5.PS.22 How can rounding and estimation be Use rounding off to estimate in order to place value chart for
used to determine reasonable determine reasonable answers demonstration Completion of written
answers when solving problems? individual place value charts assessments
5.N.2 Discuss whether a solution is reasonable in for practice
What strategies are used to compare the context of the original problem. Quizmo game. Teacher observation of
and order whole numbers to base 10 blocks as group activities and
millions? Compare and order numbers to millions. manipulatives. projects
5.PS.15
How can making lists and charts Make organized lists or charts to solve
using numerical order help to solve numerical problems.
problems?
5.N.8 Read, write and order decimals to
How do you read, write, and order thousandths.
decimals in tenths, hundredths, and
thousandths? Translate from a picture/diagram to a
5.PS.6 numeric expression
How can pictures and diagrams be
used to identify and write equivalent Model problems with picture/diagrams of
decimals? physical objects.
5.PS.13
How can base 10 models be used to Compare decimals using <,>, or =
identify equivalent decimal values?
Connections to Text (Resources) Harcourt Math Textbook – Unit 1, Chapters 1 and 2; Supplemental resources in place value classroom folder; Harcourt Brace Manipulative Kit
Connections to Technology: Harcourt Brace Mega Math Program, School Island
Key Vocabulary: place value period, decimal, tenth, hundredth, thousandth, equivalent decimal, round off, estimate
Topic: 5th Grade: Adding and Subtracting Whole Numbers and Decimals
Essential Questions: How do you use addition and subtraction of whole numbers and decimals to help you solve problems in everyday life?
Performance Indicators Guided Questions Essential Knowledge & Skills Classroom Ideas Assessment Ideas
SWBAT: (Instructional Strategies) (Evidence of
Learning)
5.N.24 How can you use rounding off to Use rounding skills to estimate sums One or more of the following Students
estimate when adding and and differences instructional strategies will demonstrate
subtracting?
be used to teach the essential mastery of
How can you use estimation to Justify the reasonableness of answers knowledge and skills of knowledge and
5.N.27
determine reasonable answers in using estimation adding and subtracting skills by one or
addition and subtraction? whole numbers and more of the
5.PS.22 decimals: following
How do you determine Determine whether a solution is
reasonable answers in addition reasonable in the context of the original methods:
and subtraction word problems? problem Use paper and pencil and
blackboard to model addition Oral answers to
5.N.23 How do you add and subtract Correctly compute addition and and subtraction of whole directed questions
whole numbers up to six digits? subtraction facts numbers and decimals.
How do you add and subtract Use place value skills to regroup when
Guided and
5.N.23 Use the following tools for independent
decimal numbers to the adding and subtracting
thousandths place? practice: practice of skills
dry erase boards
How do you check the accuracy Use inverse operations to check
of a sum or difference? accuracy of answers (addition to check
Yahtzee game Completion of
subtraction and subtraction to check flash cards written
addition) assessments
Teacher
5.N.23 How do you determine the best Use variety of strategies to add and observation of
method to use when performing subtract ,including mental math or
operations? paper and pencil
group activities
and projects
Connections to Text (Resources) Harcourt Math Textbook – Unit 1, Chapter 3 Time: September/October - 2 weeks
Supplemental resources in addition and subtraction classroom folders Review Time: March – 1 week
Harcourt Brace Manipulative Kit
Connections to Technology: Harcourt Brace Mega Math Program, School Island
Key Vocabulary: estimate, front-end estimation, round, difference, sum, inverse operation
Topic: 5th Grade: Algebra Essential Questions: How can algebraic expressions, equations, and formulas be used as problem solving tools?
Performance Indicators Guided Questions Essential Knowledge & Skills Classroom Ideas Assessment Ideas
5.A.2 How do you use numerical and Translate simple verbal expressions into One or more of the following Students demonstrate
algebraic expressions to represent algebraic expressions instructional strategies will be used mastery of knowledge
words? to teach the essential knowledge and skills by one or
and skills of using algebraic more of the following
5.A.4 How do you use simple algebraic Solve simple one-step equations using expressions and equations: methods:
equations to solve problems? basic whole-number facts
Model and practice writing algebraic Oral answers to
5.A.3 How do you solve an equation Substitute assigned values into variable expressions, equations, and directed questions
containing one variable? expressions and evaluate using order of inequalities using:
operations Guided and
blackboard independent practice
5.PS.7 What factors determine if an Represent problem situations verbally, individual whiteboards of skills
algebraic expression is an numerically, algebraically, and/or paper and pencil
inequality? graphically. Completion of written
5.N. 18 Use everyday situations to assessments
How do you use order of Use the order of operations procedure demonstrate algebraic expressions
operations to evaluate to solve equations (PMDAS) and inequalities Teacher observation of
5.A.7 expressions? group activities and
projects
What strategies can be used to Recognize a number pattern and use it
explain a given pattern to continue the sequence
algebraically?
Use words or algebraic expressions to
6.N.2 (Foundation for 6th) explain a pattern
Connections to Text (Resources) Harcourt Math Textbook – Unit 1, Chapter 4; Unit 4, Chapter 12; Unit 7, Chapter 22 Time: October – 1 week
Supplemental resources in algebra classroom folder December – 1 week
March – 2 weeks
May – 3 days
Connections to Technology: Harcourt Brace Mega Math Program, School Island
Key Vocabulary: expression, variable, constant, equation, solution, inequality, evaluate, commutative property, associative property, distributive property, compensation,
order of operations
Topic: 5th Grade: Division of whole numbers and decimals
Essential Questions: How do you use division of whole numbers and decimals in everyday life?
Performance Indicators Guided Questions Essential Knowledge & Skills Classroom Ideas Assessment Ideas
SWBAT: (Instructional Strategies)
One or more of the following Students
5.N.17 What strategies can be used when Use multiplication facts to make a instructional strategies will be demonstrate
5.N.23 dividing whole numbers with a reasonable guess for a quotient used to teach the essential mastery of
5.A.7 multi-digit dividend and a one knowledge and skills of knowledge and
digit divisor? Use division, multiplication, and division: skills by one or
subtraction operations to solve division
What strategies can be used when more of the
problems
dividing whole numbers with a Use paper and pencil and blackboard following methods:
multi-digit dividend and a two Recognize the need for and use zero as to model division of whole numbers
digit divisor? a place holder in a quotient and decimals. Oral answers to
directed questions
What strategies can be used to Use multiplication as an inverse Use the following tools for
divide a decimal number by a operation to check the accuracy of an instruction and practice: Guided and
whole number? answer independent practice
Quizmo game of skills
How can using estimation when graph paper
solving division problems help Recognize where a decimal point will division wraps Completion of written
you determine if your answer is be placed in the quotient assessments
reasonable? Use the following strategies for
Represent a remainder as a decimal by estimating quotients when using two Teacher observation of
adding zeros to the dividend and digit divisors: group activities and
extending the quotient projects
rounding off divisor to
multiple of ten
Use rounding skills to decide if a use front end estimation of
solution is reasonable divisor
always use five as first
guess and work up or down
Connections to Text (Resources) Harcourt Math Textbook – Unit 4, Chapter 9, 10, 11 ; Supplemental resources in division value classroom folder
Harcourt Brace Manipulative Kit Time: November – 3 weeks
Review: April – 1 week
Connections to Technology: Harcourt Brace Mega Math Program, School Island
Key Vocabulary: dividend, divisor, quotient, remainder
Topic: 5th Grade: Fraction Concepts and Operations
Essential Questions:
How does the understanding of fraction concepts apply to everyday life?
How can fraction concepts be used to solve problems in everyday life?
Performance Indicators Guided Questions Essential Knowledge & Skills Classroom Ideas Assessment Ideas
SWBAT: (Instructional Strategies) (Evidence of
Learning)
One or more of the following Students
5.N.17 What strategies can be used to Use divisibility rules to determine instructional strategies will be demonstrate
5.N.14 divide three digit numbers by one which quotients are viable used to teach the essential mastery of
5.N.15 and two digit numbers? knowledge and skills of fraction knowledge and
5.N.12 Determine the factors of a given whole concepts and operations: skills by one or
How do you find the factors of number
5.N.4 any given whole number? more of the
5.N.19 Determine common factors of a given Use paper and pencil and blackboard following methods:
5.N.20 How do you find common factors set of numbers to model fraction concepts and
5.N.5 and 5.N.9 and 5.N.27 and the greatest common factor operations. Oral answers to
5.N.13 of a given set of numbers? Using common factors, determine the directed questions
5.N.21 greatest common factor of a given set Use the following manipulative tools
How do you identify prime and of numbers to demonstrate and practice: Guided and
5.N.22
composite numbers? independent practice
Recognize that some numbers are only number lines of skills
How do you determine if two divisible by 1 and themselves fraction bars
fractional numbers are (are prime) and that others have fraction pieces Completion of written
equivalent? multiple divisors (are composite) individual white boards assessments
equivalent fraction chart
How do you write fractions in Recognize when two fractions are equal bulletin board aids Teacher observation of
simplest form? in value fraction flash cards group activities and
projects
How do you rename an improper When given a fraction, create another
fraction as a mixed number? fraction that is equal in value
How do you rename a mixed Use common factors and the greatest
number as an improper fraction? common factor to determine when a
fraction is in simplest form
What strategies can be used to
compare and order fractions and Use division skills to convert an
mixed numbers of differing improper fraction to a mixed number
values?
Use multiplication and addition skills to
convert a mixed number to an improper
fraction
How do you find multiples and Use estimation to determine where a
the least common multiple of a fraction would be placed on a number
given set of numbers? line
What strategies can be used to Use less than, greater than, and equal
add and subtract mixed numbers symbols to compare the value of a
with like denominators? given set of fractions or mixed numbers
Connections to Text (Resources) Harcourt Math Textbook – Units 5 and 6, Chapters 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17
Supplemental resources in fraction classroom folder
Harcourt Brace Manipulative Kit Time: December / January - 5 weeks
Review: April and May – 1 week each
Connections to Technology: Harcourt Brace Mega Math Program, School Island
Key Vocabulary: fraction, numerator, denominator, proper fraction, improper fraction, mixed number, divisible, greatest common factor, least common
multiple, simplest terms, simplify, prime number, composite number, equivalent fractions, least common denominator
Topic: Geometry Unit
Essential Questions:
How are geometric shapes used in everyday life?
How can you tell the difference between two and three dimensional figures?
How can the identification and measurement of geometric shapes aid you in problem solving?
Performance Indicators Guided Questions Essential Knowledge & Classroom Ideas Assessment Ideas
Skills (SWBAT): (Instructional Strategies)
4.G.7 What factors determine if a Draw and identify points, rays, One or more of the following Students
4.G.6 geometric figure is a point, a ray, lines, line segments, and planes instructional strategies will be used to demonstrate
4.G.8 a line, a line segment, or a plane? teach the essential knowledge and mastery of
5.G.6 Draw and identify intersecting, skills of geometry: knowledge and
What factors determine if a pair parallel, and perpendicular lines
5.M.8 skills by one or
of lines is intersecting, parallel,
5.G.7 or perpendicular? Classify, draw, and identify Use paper and pencil and more of the
4.G.1 angles as acute, obtuse, straight, blackboard to model drawing and following methods:
5.G.4 What factors determine if an and right naming geometric figures.
5.G.5 angle is acute, right, straight, or oral answers to
5.G.2 obtuse? Classify, draw, and identify
5.G.9 triangles as acute, obtuse, or right
Use rulers and protractors as tools to directed questions
5.G.3 (Foundation for 6th) What factors determine if a as defined by their angles draw and measure geometric figures
triangle is acute, obtuse, or right? and angles. guided and
5.G.11
5.PS.13 Classify, draw, and identify independent
5.A.8
triangles as scalene, equilateral, Use solid figures as manipulatives practice of skills
What factors determine if a and isosceles as defined by their
5.G.1 triangle is scalene, equilateral, or sides
for demonstration purposes.
completion of
isosceles?
Measure and draw angles using a Use everyday objects in written
protractor surroundings as models of assessments
How is a protractor used as a tool geometric figures for demonstration
to create and measure angles? Know that the sum of the interior teacher
angles of a triangle equals 180
purposes.
observation of
How does knowing the sum of degrees and be able to calculate
the measurement of a missing group activities
interior angles of a triangle aid in
calculating the measurement of a angle and projects
missing angle?
Identify polygons by number of
What factors are used to identify sides and angles
triangles, quadrilaterals,
pentagons, hexagons, and Classify quadrilaterals by
octagons? properties of their angles and
sides
What factors determine if a
quadrilateral is a square, a Know that the sum of the interior
rectangle, a rhombus, a trapezoid, angles of a quadrilateral equals
or a parallelogram? 360 degrees and be able to
calculate the measurement of a
How does knowing the sum of missing angle
interior angles of a quadrilateral
aid in calculating the Identify pairs of similar and
measurement of a missing angle? triangles
Connections to Text (Resources) Harcourt Math Textbook – Unit 7: Chapters 20, 21, 23 and Unit 8: Chapter 25
Supplemental resources on geometric skills found in
classroom folders marked geometry and perimeter Time: January - 2 weeks (2x/day)
Connections to Technology: Harcourt Brace Mega Math Program – see teacher’s manual for technology links
Harcourt Learning Site – www.harcourtschool.com ;School Island
Key Vocabulary: point, ray, line, line segment, parallel lines, perpendicular lines, intersecting lines, angle, plane, right angle, obtuse angle,
acute angle, triangle, scalene triangle, iscoceles triangle, equilateral triangle, quadrilateral, polygon, regular polygon, rectangle, rhombus,
square, parallelogram, trapezoid, pentagon, octagon, hexagon, congruent, similar, symmetry, corresponding sides and angles, degrees,
protractor, translation (slide), reflection (flip), rotation (turn), perimeter, ratio of sides
Topic: 5th Grade Graphing
Essential Questions: How does the use of graphs help you understand information?
How does the use of graphs help you solve problems?
Performance Indicators Guided Questions Essential Knowledge & Skills Classroom Ideas Assessment Ideas
SWBAT: (Instructional Strategies)
5.S.1 What methods are used to collect, Collect and record data from a variety of One or more of the following Students demonstrate
5.S.3 organize, and display data from sources (i.e., newspapers, magazines, polls, instructional strategies will be used to mastery of knowledge
5.PS.7 various sources? charts and surveys). teach the essential knowledge and and skills by one or
5.S.4 skills of graphing data: more of the following
Given a set of data, what operations Calculate the mean for a given set of data methods:
5.G.12 and strategies are used to calculate and use to describe a set of data. Use paper and pencil and blackboard to
5.S.2 the mean? model drawing and analyzing various Oral answers to directed
5.PS.13 types of graphs. questions
5.PS.8 How can you use graphs to solve Represent problem situations verbally,
5PS.8 problems? numerically, algebraically, and/or Use blackboard and graph chart as Guided and independent
graphically. demonstration tools. practice of skills
What strategies are necessary for Formulate conclusions and make predictions Collect and display data from classroom Completion of written
reading, interpreting, and analyzing using data from bar graphs, line graphs, surveys. assessments
graphs? circle graphs, and pictographs.
Analyze graphs using text and worksheet Teacher observation of
Identify and plot points in the first quadrant. samples. group activities and
How do you plot ordered pairs of projects
numbers on a grid? Display data in a line graph to show an Use the following manipulative tools to
increase or decrease over time. create bar, line, double bar, and double
What components are necessary to line graphs:
accurately create and display data on graph paper
single and double line graphs? rulers
Model problems with pictures/diagrams or data tables and charts
How can diagrams and drawings be physical objects.
used to help solve problems?
Select appropriate intervals and scales when
What strategies are used to choose creating the vertical and horizontal axes on a
the appropriate scales when drawing graph.
bar and line graphs?
What strategies are used to choose Select the appropriate type of graph to
the appropriate type of graph when represent data
displaying data?
Performance Indicators Guided Questions Essential Knowledge & Skills Classroom Ideas Assessment Ideas
SWBAT: (Instructional Strategies)
One or more of the following Students demonstrate
5.M.1 How do you use a standard ruler to Use a ruler to measure to the nearest inch, ½ instructional strategies will be used to mastery of knowledge
5.M.2 determine length? inch, ¼ inch, and 1/8 inch teach the essential knowledge and and skills by one or
5.M.3 skills of measurement and time: more of the following
5.M.4 What do an inch, a foot, a yard, and a Identify customary units of length methods:
5.M.5 mile look like? Use paper and pencil and blackboard to
5.M.6 Use a metric ruler to measure lengths to the model measurement and elapsed time Oral answers to directed
5.M.7 How do you use a metric ruler to nearest centimeter questions
5.M.9 measure length? Use the following tools to instruct and
5.M.10 Identify equivalent metric units of length practice: Guided and independent
5.M.11 How are a millimeter, centimeter, practice of skills
meter, and kilometer related? Convert measurements within a given standard rulers
system metric rulers Completion of written
What strategies can be used to tape measures assessments
convert one measurement of length Choose whether to use a metric or standard individual clocks
to another within the standard or ruler to measure length everyday objects for Teacher observation of
metric system? comparison group activities and
Use a variety of strategies to calculate white boards projects
What is the appropriate tool for elapsed time in hours and minutes
measuring given lengths? Use the following strategies for finding
Choose the appropriate unit for measuring a elapsed time:
How do you calculate elapsed time? given length
count ahead or backward using
a clock
What is the appropriate unit to use Estimate a given measurement by
adding or subtracting hours and
when measuring a given length? comparing it to the length of an everyday
minutes
object
How can everyday objects be used to
help determine measurements? Justify the reasonableness of an estimate of
measure
What strategies can you use to justify
that an estimated measurement is
reasonable?
Performance Indicators Guided Questions Essential Knowledge & Skills Classroom Ideas Assessment Ideas
How can multiples of 10 be used to One or more of the following Students demonstrate
5N.27 determine an estimated answer? Justify the reasonableness of answer using instructional strategies will be used to mastery of knowledge
5.N. 16 estimation teach the essential knowledge and and skills by one or
5.PS.22 How do you solve a multiplication skills of multiplication: more of the following
5.N.23 problem when the second factor is methods:
5.PS.17 one digit? Use a variety of strategies to multiply three Use paper and pencil and blackboard to
digit by three digit numbers model multiplication of whole numbers Oral answers to directed
How do you solve a multiplication and decimals. questions
problem when the second factor is a
two digit number? Guided and independent
Drill multiplication facts using: practice of skills
How do you solve a three digit by Discuss whether a solution is reasonable in
three digit multiplication problem? the context of the original problem multiplication wraps Completion of written
multiplication fact cards assessments
How can using estimation when charts
solving multiplication word Use a variety of strategies to add, subtract, Around the World Game Teacher observation of
problems help you determine if your multiply, and divide decimals to the Quizmo game group activities and
answer is reasonable? thousandths projects
Connections to Text (Resources) Harcourt Math Textbook – Unit 1, Chapter 7 and 8; Supplemental resources in multiplication classroom folder; Harcourt Brace Manipulative Kit
Time: October / November – 3 weeks Review Time: April – 2 weeks
Connections to Technology: Harcourt Brace Mega Math Program, School Island
Key Vocabulary: multiples, factor, product, fact family, zero property, identity property
Topic: 5th Grade: Ratio, Percent, and Probability Time: February – 2 weeks
Essential Questions:
Performance Indicators Guided Questions Essential Knowledge & Skills Classroom Ideas Assessment Ideas
SWBAT: (Instructional Strategies) (Evidence of
Learning)
One or more of the following Students demonstrate
5.S.3 How do you calculate the mean of a Calculate the mean for a given set of data instructional strategies will be used to mastery of knowledge
given set of numbers? teach the essential knowledge and and skills by one or
Use a mean to describe a set of data skills of place value: more of the following
What strategies can be used to methods:
determine a variety of possible List the possible outcomes for a single event
5.S.5 outcomes? experiment Use paper and pencil and blackboard to Oral answers to directed
model and teach ratio and percent questions
What is a ratio? Understand the concept of ratio
5.N.6 Use the following strategies to teach Guided and independent
How can ratios be expressed in Express a ratio in three different forms, ratio: practice of skills
5.N.7 different forms? including as a fraction girls to boys
beads Completion of written
How can you use ratios and fractions Use ratios and fractions to express the colors assessments
5.S.6 to record results of experiments? results of experiments
Use the following tools to conduct Teacher observation of
What is percent? How do you write probability experiments: group activities and
5.N.11 percents in fractional and decimal Understand the relationship among spinners projects
forms? percents, fractions, and decimals and dice
convert given data to all three forms pennies
What strategies can be used to
marbles
5.S.7 determine probability? Determine the probability of an occurrence
colors
by completing a simple experiment