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Assignment 06

This document is an assignment covering correlational analysis and regression analysis. It contains multiple questions analyzing the relationship between two variables in different datasets: (1) the number of open checkouts (tills) and customer checkout time at a warehouse store, and (2) years of education and annual salary. Students are asked to calculate regression lines and correlations, interpret regression coefficients, make predictions, test hypotheses about slopes, and analyze the strength and significance of the observed relationships.

Uploaded by

Shariq Ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
97 views

Assignment 06

This document is an assignment covering correlational analysis and regression analysis. It contains multiple questions analyzing the relationship between two variables in different datasets: (1) the number of open checkouts (tills) and customer checkout time at a warehouse store, and (2) years of education and annual salary. Students are asked to calculate regression lines and correlations, interpret regression coefficients, make predictions, test hypotheses about slopes, and analyze the strength and significance of the observed relationships.

Uploaded by

Shariq Ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

(Revision 10)

Assignment 6
Overview
Total marks: / 62

This assignment covers content from Unit 6. It assesses your knowledge of correlational analysis and
regression analysis used to examine the relationship between two quantitative variables.

Instructions
• Show all your work and justify all of your answers and conclusions, except for the True/False
questions.
• Keep your work to 4 decimals, unless otherwise stated.
• Note: Finishing a test of hypotheses with a statement like “reject H 0” or “do not reject H 0” will be
insufficient for full marks. You must also provide a written concluding statement in the context of the
problem itself. For example, if you are testing hypotheses about the effectiveness of a medical
treatment, you must conclude with a statement like, “we can conclude that the treatment is effective” or
“we cannot conclude that the treatment is effective.”

(43 total marks)


1. A large warehouse superstore is interested in optimizing its customers’ shopping experiences and, as
such, wants to ensure that it is able to staff the store properly during peak hours. The store management
is interested in studying the relationship between the number of tills or checkouts that are open in the
store and the amount of time it takes for a customer to check out (that is, the time it takes from when
they get in line to when they complete their purchase). The data in the following table were collected
from a random sample of 7 customers:

Time to Checkout
Tills Open (minutes)
(x) (y)
2 17
9 10
12 5
5 12
3 15
10 8
6 12

Mathematics 215: Finite Mathematics Assignment 6 1


(Revision 10)
(4 marks)
a. Construct a scatter diagram for these data with “Tills Open” on the horizontal (x) axis, and “Time
to Checkout” on the vertical (y) axis. Note: Try to make relatively full use of the graph paper
provided.

(2 marks)
b. Describe the general pattern of relationship between the two variables within the context of this
question.

Mathematics 215: Finite Mathematics Assignment 6 2


(Revision 10)
(11 marks)
c. Calculate the least squares regression line using “Time to Checkout” as the dependent variable and
“Tills Open” as the independent variable.

Mathematics 215: Finite Mathematics Assignment 6 3


(Revision 10)
(3 marks)
d. Calculate predicted values for x = 3 and x = 10. Use these values to help plot the regression line on
the scatter diagram you constructed in part a. above.

(10 marks)
e. Can it be concluded that the slope of the regression line is negative? Formulate and test the
appropriate hypotheses at the 5% significance level. Use the critical value approach. Clearly state
and explain your conclusion within the context of the problem.

Mathematics 215: Finite Mathematics Assignment 6 4


(Revision 10)
(4 marks)
f. Construct a 95% confidence interval for β.

(2 marks)
g. Interpret the value of b in the sample regression line. What does it mean in the context of this
question?

(2 marks)
h. One of the store managers regularly likes to keep 8 tills open on Saturdays. Use the equation of the
regression line to provide the manager with the predicted time to check out if 8 tills are open.

Mathematics 215: Finite Mathematics Assignment 6 5


(Revision 10)
(1 mark)
i. Which of the following cannot be answered from the regression equation? Clearly circle only one
response.
A. A prediction of the value of y at a particular value of x.
B. An estimate of the slope between y and x.
C. An estimate of whether the linear association between variables is positive or negative.
D. An estimate of whether the association between variables is linear or non-linear
(2 marks)
j. In a sentence or two, describe what information the standard deviation of errors provides.

(2 marks)
k. When the correlation between x and y is −1.0, what will the standard deviation of errors be? Why is
this?

Mathematics 215: Finite Mathematics Assignment 6 6


(Revision 10)
(19 total marks)
2. Does the amount of education you have predict your salary? To answer this question, data from a
random sample of 8 working adults was collected. Each participant answered the number of years of
post-secondary education they have as well as their annual salary (in thousands of dollars). The data
was as follows:

Post-Secondary Education Annual Salary


(in years) (in thousands of dollars)
(x) (y)
4 70
0 55
5 40
8 80
10 125
4 95
2 85
6 60

You may use the following sums and sums of squares and cross products for the questions below.
 x = 39  y = 610 SS xx = 70.875 SS yy = 4887.5 SS xy = 306.25
(5 marks)
a. Calculate the least squares regression line using “Annual Salary” as the dependent variable and
“Post-Secondary Education” as the independent variable.

Mathematics 215: Finite Mathematics Assignment 6 7


(Revision 10)
(2 marks)
b. Interpret the value of b in the sample regression line. What does it mean in the context of this
question?

(2 marks)
c. Compute the linear correlation between “Post-Secondary Education” and “Annual Salary”. Express
your answer to 4 decimal places of accuracy.

(2 marks)
d. What percentage of variation in annual salary is explained by its linear relationship with post-
secondary education?

Mathematics 215: Finite Mathematics Assignment 6 8


(Revision 10)
(8 marks)
e. At the 2.5% significance level, can it be concluded that the correlation between post-secondary
education and annual salary is positive? Formulate and test the appropriate hypotheses. Use the
critical value approach. Clearly state and explain your conclusion within the context of the
question.

Mathematics 215: Finite Mathematics Assignment 6 9


(Revision 10)
These extra pages are for additional calculations. If you need them for your solutions, please reference
them in the appropriate place in the questions.

Mathematics 215: Finite Mathematics Assignment 6 10


(Revision 10)

Mathematics 215: Finite Mathematics Assignment 6 11

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