Scribd
Upload
71 views

HTML Tutorial

HTML is a markup language used to structure and present content on the web. It was created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1991 to share scientific information between researchers. HTML uses tags to mark elements like headings, paragraphs, lists, and more. A basic HTML document has an <html> tag which contains <head> and <body> tags. The <head> contains the <title> while the <body> holds visible page content like <h1> headings and <p> paragraphs. Learning HTML allows one to build websites, become a web designer, and understand how the web works under the hood.

Uploaded by

WAAD IBRA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
71 views

HTML Tutorial

HTML is a markup language used to structure and present content on the web. It was created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1991 to share scientific information between researchers. HTML uses tags to mark elements like headings, paragraphs, lists, and more. A basic HTML document has an <html> tag which contains <head> and <body> tags. The <head> contains the <title> while the <body> holds visible page content like <h1> headings and <p> paragraphs. Learning HTML allows one to build websites, become a web designer, and understand how the web works under the hood.

Uploaded by

WAAD IBRA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 53

1/26/2020 HTML Tutorial - Tutorialspoint

HTML Tutorial

PDF Version

Quick Guide

Resources

Job Search

Discussion

HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language, which is the most widely used language on Web to
develop web pages. HTML was created by Berners-Lee in late 1991 but "HTML 2.0" was the first
standard HTML specification which was published in 1995. HTML 4.01 was a major version of HTML
and it was published in late 1999. Though HTML 4.01 version is widely used but currently we are
having HTML-5 version which is an extension to HTML 4.01, and this version was published in 2012.

Why to Learn HTML?


Originally, HTML was developed with the intent of defining the structure of documents like headings,
paragraphs, lists, and so forth to facilitate the sharing of scientific information between researchers.
Now, HTML is being widely used to format web pages with the help of different tags available in HTML
language.

HTML is a MUST for students and working professionals to become a great Software Engineer
specially when they are working in Web Development Domain. I will list down some of the key
advantages of learning HTML:

Create Web site - You can create a website or customize an existing web template if you
know HTML well.
Become a web designer - If you want to start a carrer as a professional web designer, HTML
and CSS designing is a must skill.

Understand web - If you want to optimize your website, to boost its speed and performance,
it is good to know HTML to yield best results.

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/index.htm 1/3
1/26/2020 HTML Tutorial - Tutorialspoint

Learn other languages - Once you understands the basic of HTML then other related
technologies like javascript, php, or angular are become easier to understand.

Hello World using HTML.


Just to give you a little excitement about HTML, I'm going to give you a small conventional HTML
Hello World program, You can try it using Demo link.

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>This is document title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>Hello World!</p>
</body>
</html>

Applications of HTML

As mentioned before, HTML is one of the most widely used language over the web. I'm going to list
few of them here:
Web pages development - HTML is used to create pages which are rendered over the web.
Almost every page of web is having html tags in it to render its details in browser.

Internet Navigation - HTML provides tags which are used to navigate from one page to
another and is heavily used in internet navigation.

Responsive UI - HTML pages now-a-days works well on all platform, mobile, tabs, desktop
or laptops owing to responsive design strategy.

Offline support HTML pages once loaded can be made available offline on the machine
without any need of internet.

Game development- HTML5 has native support for rich experience and is now useful in
gaming developent arena as well.

Audience

This HTML tutorial is designed for the aspiring Web Designers and Developers with a need to
understand the HTML in enough detail along with its simple overview, and practical examples. This
tutorial will give you enough ingredients to start with HTML from where you can take yourself at higher
level of expertise.

Prerequisites

Before proceeding with this tutorial you should have a basic working knowledge with Windows or
Linux operating system, additionally you must be familiar with −

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/index.htm 2/3
1/26/2020 HTML Tutorial - Tutorialspoint

Experience with any text editor like notepad, notepad++, or Edit plus etc.
How to create directories and files on your computer.
How to navigate through different directories.
How to type content in a file and save them on a computer.
Understanding about images in different formats like JPEG, PNG format.

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/index.htm 3/3
1/26/2020 HTML - Overview - Tutorialspoint

HTML - Overview

HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language, and it is the most widely used language to write Web
Pages.
Hypertext refers to the way in which Web pages (HTML documents) are linked together.
Thus, the link available on a webpage is called Hypertext.

As its name suggests, HTML is a Markup Language which means you use HTML to simply
"mark-up" a text document with tags that tell a Web browser how to structure it to display.

Originally, HTML was developed with the intent of defining the structure of documents like headings,
paragraphs, lists, and so forth to facilitate the sharing of scientific information between researchers.
Now, HTML is being widely used to format web pages with the help of different tags available in HTML
language.

Basic HTML Document


In its simplest form, following is an example of an HTML document −

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>This is document title</title>
</head>

<body>
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>Document content goes here.....</p>
</body>

</html>

This is a heading
Document content goes here.....

HTML Tags
As told earlier, HTML is a markup language and makes use of various tags to format the content.
These tags are enclosed within angle braces <Tag Name>. Except few tags, most of the tags have

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_overview.htm 1/3
1/26/2020 HTML - Overview - Tutorialspoint

their corresponding closing tags. For example, <html> has its closing tag </html> and <body> tag
has its closing tag </body> tag etc.

Above example of HTML document uses the following tags −

Sr.No Tag & Description

1 <!DOCTYPE...>

This tag defines the document type and HTML version.

2 <html>

This tag encloses the complete HTML document and mainly comprises of document header
which is represented by <head>...</head> and document body which is represented by
<body>...</body> tags.

3 <head>

This tag represents the document's header which can keep other HTML tags like <title>,
<link> etc.

4 <title>

The <title> tag is used inside the <head> tag to mention the document title.

5 <body>

This tag represents the document's body which keeps other HTML tags like <h1>, <div>,
<p> etc.

6 <h1>

This tag represents the heading.

7 <p>

This tag represents a paragraph.

To learn HTML, you will need to study various tags and understand how they behave, while formatting
a textual document. Learning HTML is simple as users have to learn the usage of different tags in
order to format the text or images to make a beautiful webpage.
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends to use lowercase tags starting from HTML 4.

HTML Document Structure

A typical HTML document will have the following structure −

<html>

<head>
Document header related tags
</head>

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_overview.htm 2/3
1/26/2020 HTML - Overview - Tutorialspoint

<body>
Document body related tags
</body>

</html>

We will study all the header and body tags in subsequent chapters, but for now let's see what is
document declaration tag.

The <!DOCTYPE> Declaration


The <!DOCTYPE> declaration tag is used by the web browser to understand the version of the HTML
used in the document. Current version of HTML is 5 and it makes use of the following declaration −

<!DOCTYPE html>

There are many other declaration types which can be used in HTML document depending on what
version of HTML is being used. We will see more details on this while discussing <!DOCTYPE...> tag
along with other HTML tags.

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_overview.htm 3/3
1/26/2020 HTML - Basic Tags - Tutorialspoint

HTML - Basic Tags

Heading Tags
Any document starts with a heading. You can use different sizes for your headings. HTML also has six
levels of headings, which use the elements <h1>, <h2>, <h3>, <h4>, <h5>, and <h6>. While
displaying any heading, browser adds one line before and one line after that heading.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Heading Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<h1>This is heading 1</h1>
<h2>This is heading 2</h2>
<h3>This is heading 3</h3>
<h4>This is heading 4</h4>
<h5>This is heading 5</h5>
<h6>This is heading 6</h6>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

This is heading 1
This is heading 2
This is heading 3

This is heading 4

This is heading 5

This is heading 6

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_basic_tags.htm 1/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Basic Tags - Tutorialspoint

Paragraph Tag

The <p> tag offers a way to structure your text into different paragraphs. Each paragraph of text
should go in between an opening <p> and a closing </p> tag as shown below in the example −

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Paragraph Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>Here is a first paragraph of text.</p>
<p>Here is a second paragraph of text.</p>
<p>Here is a third paragraph of text.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

Here is a first paragraph of text.

Here is a second paragraph of text.

Here is a third paragraph of text.

Line Break Tag


Whenever you use the <br /> element, anything following it starts from the next line. This tag is an
example of an empty element, where you do not need opening and closing tags, as there is nothing to
go in between them.

The <br /> tag has a space between the characters br and the forward slash. If you omit this space,
older browsers will have trouble rendering the line break, while if you miss the forward slash character
and just use <br> it is not valid in XHTML.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Line Break Example</title>
</head>
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_basic_tags.htm 2/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Basic Tags - Tutorialspoint

<body>
<p>Hello<br />
You delivered your assignment ontime.<br />
Thanks<br />
Mahnaz</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

Hello
You delivered your assignment on time.
Thanks
Mahnaz

Centering Content

You can use <center> tag to put any content in the center of the page or any table cell.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Centring Content Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>This text is not in the center.</p>

<center>
<p>This text is in the center.</p>
</center>
</body>

</html>

This will produce following result −

This text is not in the center.

This text is in the center.

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_basic_tags.htm 3/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Basic Tags - Tutorialspoint

Horizontal Lines

Horizontal lines are used to visually break-up sections of a document. The <hr> tag creates a line from
the current position in the document to the right margin and breaks the line accordingly.

For example, you may want to give a line between two paragraphs as in the given example below −

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Horizontal Line Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>This is paragraph one and should be on top</p>
<hr />
<p>This is paragraph two and should be at bottom</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

This is paragraph one and should be on top

This is paragraph two and should be at bottom

Again <hr /> tag is an example of the empty element, where you do not need opening and closing
tags, as there is nothing to go in between them.
The <hr /> element has a space between the characters hr and the forward slash. If you omit this
space, older browsers will have trouble rendering the horizontal line, while if you miss the forward
slash character and just use <hr> it is not valid in XHTML

Preserve Formatting

Sometimes, you want your text to follow the exact format of how it is written in the HTML document. In
these cases, you can use the preformatted tag <pre>.
Any text between the opening <pre> tag and the closing </pre> tag will preserve the formatting of the
source document.

Example

Live Demo

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_basic_tags.htm 4/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Basic Tags - Tutorialspoint

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Preserve Formatting Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<pre>
function testFunction( strText ){
alert (strText)
}
</pre>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

function testFunction( strText ){


alert (strText)
}

Try using the same code without keeping it inside <pre>...</pre> tags

Nonbreaking Spaces

Suppose you want to use the phrase "12 Angry Men." Here, you would not want a browser to split the
"12, Angry" and "Men" across two lines −

An example of this technique appears in the movie "12 Angry Men."

In cases, where you do not want the client browser to break text, you should use a nonbreaking space
entity &nbsp; instead of a normal space. For example, when coding the "12 Angry Men" in a
paragraph, you should use something similar to the following code −

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Nonbreaking Spaces Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>An example of this technique appears in the movie "12&nbsp;Angry&nbsp;Men."</p>
</body>

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_basic_tags.htm 5/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Basic Tags - Tutorialspoint

</html>

This will produce the following result −

An example of this technique appears in the movie "12 Angry Men."

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_basic_tags.htm 6/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Elements - Tutorialspoint

HTML - Elements

An HTML element is defined by a starting tag. If the element contains other content, it ends with a
closing tag, where the element name is preceded by a forward slash as shown below with few tags −

Start Tag Content End Tag

<p> This is paragraph content. </p>

<h1> This is heading content. </h1>

<div> This is division content. </div>

<br />

So here <p>....</p> is an HTML element, <h1>...</h1> is another HTML element. There are some
HTML elements which don't need to be closed, such as <img.../>, <hr /> and <br /> elements. These
are known as void elements.
HTML documents consists of a tree of these elements and they specify how HTML documents should
be built, and what kind of content should be placed in what part of an HTML document.

HTML Tag vs. Element


An HTML element is defined by a starting tag. If the element contains other content, it ends with a
closing tag.
For example, <p> is starting tag of a paragraph and </p> is closing tag of the same paragraph but
<p>This is paragraph</p> is a paragraph element.

Nested HTML Elements

It is very much allowed to keep one HTML element inside another HTML element −

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Nested Elements Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<h1>This is <i>italic</i> heading</h1>
<p>This is <u>underlined</u> paragraph</p>
</body>

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_elements.htm 1/2
1/26/2020 HTML - Elements - Tutorialspoint

</html>

This will display the following result −

This is italic heading


This is underlined paragraph

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_elements.htm 2/2
1/26/2020 HTML - Attributes - Tutorialspoint

HTML - Attributes

We have seen few HTML tags and their usage like heading tags <h1>, <h2>, paragraph tag <p> and
other tags. We used them so far in their simplest form, but most of the HTML tags can also have
attributes, which are extra bits of information.
An attribute is used to define the characteristics of an HTML element and is placed inside the
element's opening tag. All attributes are made up of two parts − a name and a value

The name is the property you want to set. For example, the paragraph <p> element in the
example carries an attribute whose name is align, which you can use to indicate the
alignment of paragraph on the page.
The value is what you want the value of the property to be set and always put within
quotations. The below example shows three possible values of align attribute: left, center
and right.

Attribute names and attribute values are case-insensitive. However, the World Wide Web Consortium
(W3C) recommends lowercase attributes/attribute values in their HTML 4 recommendation.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Align Attribute Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p align = "left">This is left aligned</p>
<p align = "center">This is center aligned</p>
<p align = "right">This is right aligned</p>
</body>

</html>

This will display the following result −

This is left aligned

This is center aligned

This is right aligned

Core Attributes
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_attributes.htm 1/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Attributes - Tutorialspoint

The four core attributes that can be used on the majority of HTML elements (although not all) are −
Id
Title
Class
Style

The Id Attribute

The id attribute of an HTML tag can be used to uniquely identify any element within an HTML page.
There are two primary reasons that you might want to use an id attribute on an element −
If an element carries an id attribute as a unique identifier, it is possible to identify just that
element and its content.
If you have two elements of the same name within a Web page (or style sheet), you can use
the id attribute to distinguish between elements that have the same name.

We will discuss style sheet in separate tutorial. For now, let's use the id attribute to distinguish
between two paragraph elements as shown below.

Example

<p id = "html">This para explains what is HTML</p>


<p id = "css">This para explains what is Cascading Style Sheet</p>

The title Attribute

The title attribute gives a suggested title for the element. They syntax for the title attribute is similar as
explained for id attribute −

The behavior of this attribute will depend upon the element that carries it, although it is often displayed
as a tooltip when cursor comes over the element or while the element is loading.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>The title Attribute Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<h3 title = "Hello HTML!">Titled Heading Tag Example</h3>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_attributes.htm 2/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Attributes - Tutorialspoint

Titled Heading Tag Example

Now try to bring your cursor over "Titled Heading Tag Example" and you will see that whatever title you
used in your code is coming out as a tooltip of the cursor.

The class Attribute

The class attribute is used to associate an element with a style sheet, and specifies the class of
element. You will learn more about the use of the class attribute when you will learn Cascading Style
Sheet (CSS). So for now you can avoid it.

The value of the attribute may also be a space-separated list of class names. For example −

class = "className1 className2 className3"

The style Attribute

The style attribute allows you to specify Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) rules within the element.

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>The style Attribute</title>
</head>

<body>
<p style = "font-family:arial; color:#FF0000;">Some text...</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

Some text...

At this point of time, we are not learning CSS, so just let's proceed without bothering much about CSS.
Here, you need to understand what are HTML attributes and how they can be used while formatting
content.

Internationalization Attributes

There are three internationalization attributes, which are available for most (although not all) XHTML
elements.
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_attributes.htm 3/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Attributes - Tutorialspoint

dir
lang
xml:lang

The dir Attribute

The dir attribute allows you to indicate to the browser about the direction in which the text should flow.
The dir attribute can take one of two values, as you can see in the table that follows −

Value Meaning

ltr Left to right (the default value)

rtl Right to left (for languages such as Hebrew or Arabic that are read right to left)

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html dir = "rtl">

<head>
<title>Display Directions</title>
</head>

<body>
This is how IE 5 renders right-to-left directed text.
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

.This is how IE 5 renders right-to-left directed text

When dir attribute is used within the <html> tag, it determines how text will be presented within the
entire document. When used within another tag, it controls the text's direction for just the content of
that tag.

The lang Attribute

The lang attribute allows you to indicate the main language used in a document, but this attribute was
kept in HTML only for backwards compatibility with earlier versions of HTML. This attribute has been
replaced by the xml:lang attribute in new XHTML documents.

The values of the lang attribute are ISO-639 standard two-character language codes. Check HTML
Language Codes: ISO 639 for a complete list of language codes.
Example

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_attributes.htm 4/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Attributes - Tutorialspoint

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang = "en">

<head>
<title>English Language Page</title>
</head>

<body>
This page is using English Language
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

This page is using English Language

The xml:lang Attribute

The xml:lang attribute is the XHTML replacement for the lang attribute. The value of the xml:lang
attribute should be an ISO-639 country code as mentioned in previous section.

Generic Attributes

Here's a table of some other attributes that are readily usable with many of the HTML tags.

Attribute Options Function

align right, left, center Horizontally aligns tags

valign top, middle, bottom Vertically aligns tags within an HTML element.

bgcolor numeric, hexidecimal, RGB Places a background color behind an element


values

background URL Places a background image behind an element

id User Defined Names an element for use with Cascading Style Sheets.

class User Defined Classifies an element for use with Cascading Style
Sheets.

width Numeric Value Specifies the width of tables, images, or table cells.

height Numeric Value Specifies the height of tables, images, or table cells.

title User Defined "Pop-up" title of the elements.

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_attributes.htm 5/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Attributes - Tutorialspoint

We will see related examples as we will proceed to study other HTML tags. For a complete list of
HTML Tags and related attributes please check reference to HTML Tags List .

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_attributes.htm 6/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Formatting - Tutorialspoint

HTML - Formatting

If you use a word processor, you must be familiar with the ability to make text bold, italicized, or
underlined; these are just three of the ten options available to indicate how text can appear in HTML
and XHTML.

Bold Text
Anything that appears within <b>...</b> element, is displayed in bold as shown below −

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Bold Text Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>The following word uses a <b>bold</b> typeface.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

The following word uses a bold typeface.

Italic Text

Anything that appears within <i>...</i> element is displayed in italicized as shown below −

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Italic Text Example</title>
</head>

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_formatting.htm 1/8
1/26/2020 HTML - Formatting - Tutorialspoint

<body>
<p>The following word uses an <i>italicized</i> typeface.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

The following word uses an italicized typeface.

Underlined Text

Anything that appears within <u>...</u> element, is displayed with underline as shown below −

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Underlined Text Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>The following word uses an <u>underlined</u> typeface.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

The following word uses an underlined typeface.

Strike Text

Anything that appears within <strike>...</strike> element is displayed with strikethrough, which is a
thin line through the text as shown below −

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_formatting.htm 2/8
1/26/2020 HTML - Formatting - Tutorialspoint

<head>
<title>Strike Text Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>The following word uses a <strike>strikethrough</strike> typeface.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

The following word uses a strikethrough typeface.

Monospaced Font

The content of a <tt>...</tt> element is written in monospaced font. Most of the fonts are known as
variable-width fonts because different letters are of different widths (for example, the letter 'm' is wider
than the letter 'i'). In a monospaced font, however, each letter has the same width.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Monospaced Font Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>The following word uses a <tt>monospaced</tt> typeface.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

The following word uses a monospaced typeface.

Superscript Text

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_formatting.htm 3/8
1/26/2020 HTML - Formatting - Tutorialspoint

The content of a <sup>...</sup> element is written in superscript; the font size used is the same size
as the characters surrounding it but is displayed half a character's height above the other characters.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Superscript Text Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>The following word uses a <sup>superscript</sup> typeface.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

The following word uses a superscript typeface.

Subscript Text

The content of a <sub>...</sub> element is written in subscript; the font size used is the same as the
characters surrounding it, but is displayed half a character's height beneath the other characters.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Subscript Text Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>The following word uses a <sub>subscript</sub> typeface.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_formatting.htm 4/8
1/26/2020 HTML - Formatting - Tutorialspoint

The following word uses a subscript typeface.

Inserted Text

Anything that appears within <ins>...</ins> element is displayed as inserted text.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Inserted Text Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>I want to drink <del>cola</del> <ins>wine</ins></p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

I want to drink cola wine

Deleted Text

Anything that appears within <del>...</del> element, is displayed as deleted text.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Deleted Text Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>I want to drink <del>cola</del> <ins>wine</ins></p>
</body>

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_formatting.htm 5/8
1/26/2020 HTML - Formatting - Tutorialspoint

</html>

This will produce the following result −

I want to drink cola wine

Larger Text
The content of the <big>...</big> element is displayed one font size larger than the rest of the text
surrounding it as shown below −

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Larger Text Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>The following word uses a <big>big</big> typeface.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

The following word uses a big typeface.

Smaller Text

The content of the <small>...</small> element is displayed one font size smaller than the rest of the
text surrounding it as shown below −

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_formatting.htm 6/8
1/26/2020 HTML - Formatting - Tutorialspoint

<title>Smaller Text Example</title>


</head>

<body>
<p>The following word uses a <small>small</small> typeface.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

The following word uses a small typeface.

Grouping Content

The <div> and <span> elements allow you to group together several elements to create sections or
subsections of a page.
For example, you might want to put all of the footnotes on a page within a <div> element to indicate
that all of the elements within that <div> element relate to the footnotes. You might then attach a style
to this <div> element so that they appear using a special set of style rules.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Div Tag Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<div id = "menu" align = "middle" >
<a href = "/index.htm">HOME</a> |
<a href = "/about/contact_us.htm">CONTACT</a> |
<a href = "/about/index.htm">ABOUT</a>
</div>

<div id = "content" align = "left" bgcolor = "white">


<h5>Content Articles</h5>
<p>Actual content goes here.....</p>
</div>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_formatting.htm 7/8
1/26/2020 HTML - Formatting - Tutorialspoint

HOME | CONTACT | ABOUT

Content Articles

Actual content goes here.....

The <span> element, on the other hand, can be used to group inline elements only. So, if you have a
part of a sentence or paragraph which you want to group together, you could use the <span> element
as follows.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Span Tag Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>This is the example of <span style = "color:green">span tag</span>
and the <span style = "color:red">div tag</span> alongwith CSS</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

This is the example of span tag and the div tag alongwith CSS

These tags are commonly used with CSS to allow you to attach a style to a section of a page.

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_formatting.htm 8/8
1/26/2020 HTML - Phrase Tags - Tutorialspoint

HTML - Phrase Tags

The phrase tags have been desicolgned for specific purposes, though they are displayed in a similar
way as other basic tags like <b>, <i>, <pre>, and <tt>, you have seen in previous chapter. This
chapter will take you through all the important phrase tags, so let's start seeing them one by one.

Emphasized Text
Anything that appears within <em>...</em> element is displayed as emphasized text.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Emphasized Text Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>The following word uses an <em>emphasized</em> typeface.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

The following word uses an emphasized typeface.

Marked Text

Anything that appears with-in <mark>...</mark> element, is displayed as marked with yellow ink.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Marked Text Example</title>
</head>

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_phrase_elements.htm 1/9
1/26/2020 HTML - Phrase Tags - Tutorialspoint

<body>
<p>The following word has been <mark>marked</mark> with yellow</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

The following word has been marked with yellow

Strong Text

Anything that appears within <strong>...</strong> element is displayed as important text.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Strong Text Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>The following word uses a <strong>strong</strong> typeface.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

The following word uses a strong typeface.

Text Abbreviation

You can abbreviate a text by putting it inside opening <abbr> and closing </abbr> tags. If present, the
title attribute must contain this full description and nothing else.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_phrase_elements.htm 2/9
1/26/2020 HTML - Phrase Tags - Tutorialspoint

<head>
<title>Text Abbreviation</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>My best friend's name is <abbr title = "Abhishek">Abhy</abbr>.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

My best friend's name is Abhy.

Acronym Element

The <acronym> element allows you to indicate that the text between <acronym> and </acronym>
tags is an acronym.

At present, the major browsers do not change the appearance of the content of the <acronym>
element.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Acronym Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>This chapter covers marking up text in <acronym>XHTML</acronym>.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

This chapter covers marking up text in XHTML.

Text Direction

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_phrase_elements.htm 3/9
1/26/2020 HTML - Phrase Tags - Tutorialspoint

The <bdo>...</bdo> element stands for Bi-Directional Override and it is used to override the current
text direction.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Text Direction Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>This text will go left to right.</p>
<p><bdo dir = "rtl">This text will go right to left.</bdo></p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

This text will go left to right.

.tfel ot thgir og lliw txet sihT

Special Terms

The <dfn>...</dfn> element (or HTML Definition Element) allows you to specify that you are
introducing a special term. It's usage is similar to italic words in the midst of a paragraph.

Typically, you would use the <dfn> element the first time you introduce a key term. Most recent
browsers render the content of a <dfn> element in an italic font.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Special Terms Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>The following word is a <dfn>special</dfn> term.</p>
</body>

</html>

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_phrase_elements.htm 4/9
1/26/2020 HTML - Phrase Tags - Tutorialspoint

This will produce the following result −

The following word is a special term.

Quoting Text

When you want to quote a passage from another source, you should put it in between
<blockquote>...</blockquote> tags.
Text inside a <blockquote> element is usually indented from the left and right edges of the surrounding
text, and sometimes uses an italicized font.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Blockquote Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>The following description of XHTML is taken from the W3C Web site:</p>

<blockquote>XHTML 1.0 is the W3C's first Recommendation for XHTML,following on


from earlier work on HTML 4.01, HTML 4.0, HTML 3.2 and HTML 2.0.</blockquote>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

The following description of XHTML is taken from the W3C Web site:

XHTML 1.0 is the W3C's first Recommendation for XHTML, following on from
earlier work on HTML 4.01, HTML 4.0, HTML 3.2 and HTML 2.0.

Short Quotations

The <q>...</q> element is used when you want to add a double quote within a sentence.

Example

Live Demo
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_phrase_elements.htm 5/9
1/26/2020 HTML - Phrase Tags - Tutorialspoint

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Double Quote Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>Amit is in Spain, <q>I think I am wrong</q>.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

Amit is in Spain, "I think I am wrong".

Text Citations

If you are quoting a text, you can indicate the source placing it between an opening <cite> tag and
closing </cite> tag
As you would expect in a print publication, the content of the <cite> element is rendered in italicized
text by default.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Citations Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>This HTML tutorial is derived from <cite>W3 Standard for HTML</cite>.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

This HTML tutorial is derived from W3 Standard for HTML.

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_phrase_elements.htm 6/9
1/26/2020 HTML - Phrase Tags - Tutorialspoint

Computer Code
Any programming code to appear on a Web page should be placed inside <code>...</code> tags.
Usually the content of the <code> element is presented in a monospaced font, just like the code in
most programming books.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Computer Code Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>Regular text. <code>This is code.</code> Regular text.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

Regular text. This is code. Regular text.

Keyboard Text

When you are talking about computers, if you want to tell a reader to enter some text, you can use the
<kbd>...</kbd> element to indicate what should be typed in, as in this example.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Keyboard Text Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>Regular text. <kbd>This is inside kbd element</kbd> Regular text.</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −


https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_phrase_elements.htm 7/9
1/26/2020 HTML - Phrase Tags - Tutorialspoint

Regular text. This is inside kbd element Regular text.

Programming Variables
This element is usually used in conjunction with the <pre> and <code> elements to indicate that the
content of that element is a variable.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Variable Text Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p><code>document.write("<var>user-name</var>")</code></p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

document.write("user-name")

Program Output

The <samp>...</samp> element indicates sample output from a program, and script etc. Again, it is
mainly used when documenting programming or coding concepts.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Program Output Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>Result produced by the program is <samp>Hello World!</samp></p>
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_phrase_elements.htm 8/9
1/26/2020 HTML - Phrase Tags - Tutorialspoint

</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

Result produced by the program is Hello World!

Address Text

The <address>...</address> element is used to contain any address.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Address Example</title>
</head>

<body>
<address>388A, Road No 22, Jubilee Hills - Hyderabad</address>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

388A, Road No 22, Jubilee Hills - Hyderabad

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_phrase_elements.htm 9/9
1/26/2020 HTML - Meta Tags - Tutorialspoint

HTML - Meta Tags

HTML lets you specify metadata - additional important information about a document in a variety of
ways. The META elements can be used to include name/value pairs describing properties of the HTML
document, such as author, expiry date, a list of keywords, document author etc.
The <meta> tag is used to provide such additional information. This tag is an empty element and so
does not have a closing tag but it carries information within its attributes.

You can include one or more meta tags in your document based on what information you want to keep
in your document but in general, meta tags do not impact physical appearance of the document so
from appearance point of view, it does not matter if you include them or not.

Adding Meta Tags to Your Documents


You can add metadata to your web pages by placing <meta> tags inside the header of the document
which is represented by <head> and </head> tags. A meta tag can have following attributes in
addition to core attributes −

Sr.No Attribute & Description

1
Name
Name for the property. Can be anything. Examples include, keywords, description, author,
revised, generator etc.

2
content

Specifies the property's value.

3
scheme

Specifies a scheme to interpret the property's value (as declared in the content attribute).

4
http-equiv

Used for http response message headers. For example, http-equiv can be used to refresh
the page or to set a cookie. Values include content-type, expires, refresh and set-cookie.

Specifying Keywords
You can use <meta> tag to specify important keywords related to the document and later these
keywords are used by the search engines while indexing your webpage for searching purpose.

Example

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_meta_tags.htm 1/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Meta Tags - Tutorialspoint

Following is an example, where we are adding HTML, Meta Tags, Metadata as important keywords
about the document.

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Meta Tags Example</title>
<meta name = "keywords" content = "HTML, Meta Tags, Metadata" />
</head>

<body>
<p>Hello HTML5!</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

Hello HTML5!

Document Description

You can use <meta> tag to give a short description about the document. This again can be used by
various search engines while indexing your webpage for searching purpose.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Meta Tags Example</title>
<meta name = "keywords" content = "HTML, Meta Tags, Metadata" />
<meta name = "description" content = "Learning about Meta Tags." />
</head>

<body>
<p>Hello HTML5!</p>
</body>

</html>

Document Revision Date

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_meta_tags.htm 2/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Meta Tags - Tutorialspoint

You can use <meta> tag to give information about when last time the document was updated. This
information can be used by various web browsers while refreshing your webpage.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Meta Tags Example</title>
<meta name = "keywords" content = "HTML, Meta Tags, Metadata" />
<meta name = "description" content = "Learning about Meta Tags." />
<meta name = "revised" content = "Tutorialspoint, 3/7/2014" />
</head>

<body>
<p>Hello HTML5!</p>
</body>

</html>

Document Refreshing

A <meta> tag can be used to specify a duration after which your web page will keep refreshing
automatically.

Example

If you want your page keep refreshing after every 5 seconds then use the following syntax.

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Meta Tags Example</title>
<meta name = "keywords" content = "HTML, Meta Tags, Metadata" />
<meta name = "description" content = "Learning about Meta Tags." />
<meta name = "revised" content = "Tutorialspoint, 3/7/2014" />
<meta http-equiv = "refresh" content = "5" />
</head>

<body>
<p>Hello HTML5!</p>
</body>

</html>

Page Redirection

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_meta_tags.htm 3/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Meta Tags - Tutorialspoint

You can use <meta> tag to redirect your page to any other webpage. You can also specify a duration if
you want to redirect the page after a certain number of seconds.

Example

Following is an example of redirecting current page to another page after 5 seconds. If you want to
redirect page immediately then do not specify content attribute.

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Meta Tags Example</title>
<meta name = "keywords" content = "HTML, Meta Tags, Metadata" />
<meta name = "description" content = "Learning about Meta Tags." />
<meta name = "revised" content = "Tutorialspoint, 3/7/2014" />
<meta http-equiv = "refresh" content = "5; url = http://www.tutorialspoint.com" />
</head>

<body>
<p>Hello HTML5!</p>
</body>

</html>

Setting Cookies

Cookies are data, stored in small text files on your computer and it is exchanged between web
browser and web server to keep track of various information based on your web application need.

You can use <meta> tag to store cookies on client side and later this information can be used by the
Web Server to track a site visitor.

Example

Following is an example of redirecting current page to another page after 5 seconds. If you want to
redirect page immediately then do not specify content attribute.

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Meta Tags Example</title>
<meta http-equiv = "cookie" content = "userid = xyz; expires = Wednesday, 08-Aug-15 23

</head>
<body>
<p>Hello HTML5!</p>
</body>
</html>

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_meta_tags.htm 4/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Meta Tags - Tutorialspoint

If you do not include the expiration date and time, the cookie is considered a session cookie and will
be deleted when the user exits the browser.
Note − You can check PHP and Cookies tutorial for a complete detail on Cookies.

Setting Author Name

You can set an author name in a web page using meta tag. See an example below −

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Meta Tags Example</title>
<meta name = "keywords" content = "HTML, Meta Tags, Metadata" />
<meta name = "description" content = "Learning about Meta Tags." />
<meta name = "author" content = "Mahnaz Mohtashim" />
</head>

<body>
<p>Hello HTML5!</p>
</body>

</html>

Specify Character Set

You can use <meta> tag to specify character set used within the webpage.

Example

By default, Web servers and Web browsers use ISO-8859-1 (Latin1) encoding to process Web pages.
Following is an example to set UTF-8 encoding −

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Meta Tags Example</title>
<meta name = "keywords" content = "HTML, Meta Tags, Metadata" />
<meta name = "description" content = "Learning about Meta Tags." />
<meta name = "author" content = "Mahnaz Mohtashim" />
<meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text/html; charset = UTF-8" />
</head>

<body>
<p>Hello HTML5!</p>
</body>

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_meta_tags.htm 5/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Meta Tags - Tutorialspoint

</html>

To serve the static page with traditional Chinese characters, the webpage must contain a <meta> tag
to set Big5 encoding −

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Meta Tags Example</title>
<meta name = "keywords" content = "HTML, Meta Tags, Metadata" />
<meta name = "description" content = "Learning about Meta Tags." />
<meta name = "author" content = "Mahnaz Mohtashim" />
<meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text/html; charset = Big5" />
</head>

<body>
<p>Hello HTML5!</p>
</body>

</html>

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_meta_tags.htm 6/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Comments - Tutorialspoint

HTML - Comments

Comment is a piece of code which is ignored by any web browser. It is a good practice to add
comments into your HTML code, especially in complex documents, to indicate sections of a document,
and any other notes to anyone looking at the code. Comments help you and others understand your
code and increases code readability.
HTML comments are placed in between <!-- ... --> tags. So, any content placed with-in <!-- ... --> tags
will be treated as comment and will be completely ignored by the browser.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head> <!-- Document Header Starts -->


<title>This is document title</title>
</head> <!-- Document Header Ends -->

<body>
<p>Document content goes here.....</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result without displaying the content given as a part of comments −

Document content goes here.....

Valid vs Invalid Comments


Comments do not nest which means a comment cannot be put inside another comment. Second the
double-dash sequence "--" may not appear inside a comment except as part of the closing --> tag. You
must also make sure that there are no spaces in the start-of comment string.

Example

Here, the given comment is a valid comment and will be wiped off by the browser.

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_comments.htm 1/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Comments - Tutorialspoint

<title>Valid Comment Example</title>


</head>

<body>
<!-- This is valid comment -->
<p>Document content goes here.....</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

Document content goes here.....

But, following line is not a valid comment and will be displayed by the browser. This is because there is
a space between the left angle bracket and the exclamation mark.

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Invalid Comment Example</title>
</head>

<body>
< !-- This is not a valid comment -->
<p>Document content goes here.....</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

< !-- This is not a valid comment -->

Document content goes here.....

Multiline Comments

So far we have seen single line comments, but HTML supports multi-line comments as well.

You can comment multiple lines by the special beginning tag <!-- and ending tag --> placed before the
first line and end of the last line as shown in the given example below.

Example

Live Demo
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_comments.htm 2/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Comments - Tutorialspoint

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Multiline Comments</title>
</head>

<body>
<!--
This is a multiline comment and it can
span through as many as lines you like.
-->

<p>Document content goes here.....</p>


</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

Document content goes here.....

Conditional Comments

Conditional comments only work in Internet Explorer (IE) on Windows but they are ignored by other
browsers. They are supported from Explorer 5 onwards, and you can use them to give conditional
instructions to different versions of IE.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Conditional Comments</title>

<!--[if IE 6]>
Special instructions for IE 6 here
<![endif]-->
</head>

<body>
<p>Document content goes here.....</p>
</body>

</html>

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_comments.htm 3/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Comments - Tutorialspoint

You will come across a situation where you will need to apply a different style sheet based on different
versions of Internet Explorer, in such situation conditional comments will be helpful.

Using Comment Tag

There are few browsers that support <comment> tag to comment a part of HTML code.

Note − The <comment> tag deprecated in HTML5. Do not use this element.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Using Comment Tag</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>This is <comment>not</comment> Internet Explorer.</p>
</body>

</html>

If you are using IE, then it will produce following result −

This is Internet Explorer.

But if you are not using IE, then it will produce following result −

This is not Internet Explorer.

Commenting Script Code

Though you will learn JavaScript with HTML, in a separate tutorial, but here you must make a note that
if you are using Java Script or VB Script in your HTML code then it is recommended to put that script
code inside proper HTML comments so that old browsers can work properly.

Example

Live Demo
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_comments.htm 4/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Comments - Tutorialspoint

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Commenting Script Code</title>

<script>
<!--
document.write("Hello World!")
//-->
</script>
</head>

<body>
<p>Hello , World!</p>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

Hello World!

Hello , World!

Commenting Style Sheets


Though you will learn using style sheets with HTML in a separate tutorial, but here you must make a
note that if you are using Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) in your HTML code then it is recommended to
put that style sheet code inside proper HTML comments so that old browsers can work properly.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Commenting Style Sheets</title>

<style>
<!--
.example {
border:1px solid #4a7d49;
}
//-->
</style>
</head>

<body>

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_comments.htm 5/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Comments - Tutorialspoint

<div class = "example">Hello , World!</div>


</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

Hello , World!

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_comments.htm 6/6
1/26/2020 HTML - Images - Tutorialspoint

HTML - Images

Images are very important to beautify as well as to depict many complex concepts in simple way on
your web page. This tutorial will take you through simple steps to use images in your web pages.

Insert Image
You can insert any image in your web page by using <img> tag. Following is the simple syntax to use
this tag.

<img src = "Image URL" ... attributes-list/>

The <img> tag is an empty tag, which means that, it can contain only list of attributes and it has no
closing tag.

Example

To try following example, let's keep our HTML file test.htm and image file test.png in the same
directory −

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Using Image in Webpage</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>Simple Image Insert</p>
<img src = "/html/images/test.png" alt = "Test Image" />
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

Simple Image Insert

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_images.htm 1/4
1/26/2020 HTML - Images - Tutorialspoint

You can use PNG, JPEG or GIF image file based on your comfort but make sure you specify correct
image file name in src attribute. Image name is always case sensitive.

The alt attribute is a mandatory attribute which specifies an alternate text for an image, if the image
cannot be displayed.

Set Image Location

Usually we keep all the images in a separate directory. So let's keep HTML file test.htm in our home
directory and create a subdirectory images inside the home directory where we will keep our image
test.png.

Example

Assuming our image location is "image/test.png", try the following example −

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Using Image in Webpage</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>Simple Image Insert</p>
<img src = "/html/images/test.png" alt = "Test Image" />
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

Simple Image Insert

Set Image Width/Height

You can set image width and height based on your requirement using width and height attributes. You
can specify width and height of the image in terms of either pixels or percentage of its actual size.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_images.htm 2/4
1/26/2020 HTML - Images - Tutorialspoint

<html>

<head>
<title>Set Image Width and Height</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>Setting image width and height</p>
<img src = "/html/images/test.png" alt = "Test Image" width = "150" height = "100"/>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

Setting image width and height

Set Image Border


By default, image will have a border around it, you can specify border thickness in terms of pixels
using border attribute. A thickness of 0 means, no border around the picture.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Set Image Border</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>Setting image Border</p>
<img src = "/html/images/test.png" alt = "Test Image" border = "3"/>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_images.htm 3/4
1/26/2020 HTML - Images - Tutorialspoint

Setting image Border

Set Image Alignment

By default, image will align at the left side of the page, but you can use align attribute to set it in the
center or right.

Example

Live Demo
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>Set Image Alignment</title>
</head>

<body>
<p>Setting image Alignment</p>
<img src = "/html/images/test.png" alt = "Test Image" border = "3" align = "right"/>
</body>

</html>

This will produce the following result −

Setting image Alignment

Free Web Graphics

For Free Web Graphics including patterns you can look into Free Web Graphics

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_images.htm 4/4

You might also like