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Stability 2

The engineer is responsible for the overall structural design and stability of the building. This includes ensuring compatibility between design elements and that loads are transmitted safely to the foundations. The design must consider site constraints, constructability, maintainability, and legal responsibilities. Lateral stability is provided through a braced framework using strong vertical elements like core walls and shear walls distributed throughout the structure. All structural members must be properly connected to ensure robustness and prevent progressive collapse if one element fails. Movement joints may be needed to account for structural movements from factors like shrinkage and temperature changes.

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Bertin Bakari
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33 views

Stability 2

The engineer is responsible for the overall structural design and stability of the building. This includes ensuring compatibility between design elements and that loads are transmitted safely to the foundations. The design must consider site constraints, constructability, maintainability, and legal responsibilities. Lateral stability is provided through a braced framework using strong vertical elements like core walls and shear walls distributed throughout the structure. All structural members must be properly connected to ensure robustness and prevent progressive collapse if one element fails. Movement joints may be needed to account for structural movements from factors like shrinkage and temperature changes.

Uploaded by

Bertin Bakari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2.

1 General
One engineer should be responsible for the overall design, including stability, and
should
ensure the compatibility of the design and details of parts and components even
where
some or all of the design and details of those parts and components are not made by
the
same engineer.
The structure should be so arranged that it can transmit dead, wind and imposed
loads
in a direct manner to the foundations. The general arrangement should ensure a
robust and
stable structure that will not collapse progressively under the effects of misuse
or accidental damage to any one element.
The engineer should consider site constraints, buildability2, maintainability and
decommissioning.
The engineer should take account of his responsibilities as a ‘Designer’ under the
Construction (Design & Management) Regulations.3
2.2 Stability
Lateral stability in two orthogonal directions should be provided by a system of
strongpoints within the structure so as to produce a braced non-sway structure, in
which the
columns will not be subject to significant sway moments. Strongpoints can generally
be
provided by the core walls enclosing the stairs, lifts and service ducts.
Additional stiffness
can be provided by shear walls formed from a gable end or from some other external
or
internal subdividing wall. The core and shear walls should preferably be
distributed
throughout the structure and so arranged that their combined shear centre is
located
approximately on the line of the resultant in plan of the applied overturning
forces. Where
this is not possible, the resulting twisting moments must be considered when
calculating
the load carried by each strongpoint. These walls should generally be of reinforced
concrete not less than 180mm thick to facilitate concreting, but they may be of
215mm brickwork or 190mm solid blockwork properly tied and pinned up to the framing
for low- to
medium-rise buildings.
Strongpoints should be effective throughout the full height of the building. If it
is essential for strongpoints to be discontinuous at one level, provision must be
made to transfer
the forces to other vertical components.
It is essential that floors be designed to act as horizontal diaphragms,
particularly if precast units are used.
Where a structure is divided by expansion joints each part should be structurally
independent and designed to be stable and robust without relying on the stability
of adjacent
sections.
2.3 Robustness
All members of the structure should be effectively tied together in the
longitudinal, transverse and vertical directions.
IStructE EC2 (Concrete) Design Manual 13
2 General principlesA well-designed and well-detailed cast-in situ structure will
normally satisfy the detailed
tying requirements set out in subsection 5.11.
Elements whose failure would cause collapse of more than a limited part of the
structure
adjacent to them should be avoided. Where this is not possible, alternative load
paths
should be identified or the element in question strengthened.
2.4 Movement joints
Movement joints may need to be provided to minimize the effects of movements caused
by, for example, shrinkage, temperature variations, creep and settlement.
The effectiveness of movement joints depends on their location. Movement joints
should divide the structure into a number of individual sections, and should pass
through
the whole structure above ground level in one plane. The structure should be framed
on
both sides of the joint. Some examples of positioning movement joints in plan are
given in
Fig. 2.1.
Movement joints may also be required where there is a significant change in the
type of
foundation or the height of the structure.
For reinforced concrete frame structures in UK conditions, movement joints at least
25mm wide should normally be provided at approximately 50m centres both
longitudinally and transversely. In the top storey and for open buildings and
exposed slabs additional
joints should normally be provided to give approximately 25m spacing. Joint spacing
in
exposed parapets should be approximately 12m.
Joints should be incorporated in the finishes and in the cladding at the movement
joint
locations.
2.5 Fire resistance and durability
For the required period of fire resistance (prescribed in the Building
Regulations), the
structure should:
• have adequate loadbearing capacity
• limit the temperature rise on the far face by sufficient insulation, and
• have sufficient integrity to prevent the formation of cracks that will allow the
passage
of fire and gases

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