Teacher: Piero Denker

Class: IDA09 - Surpass 3 and 4

Term: DM1121
Final Test Date: Friday, October 29 (Writing), Monday, November 1 (List./Read./Struc.)

Page 27

3 Grammar:

Indirect Questions:

● Questions used to be more polite or formal.

Direct Question Indirect Question

Where can I buy water? Could you tell me where I can buy water please?

Where does Mayra work? Do you know where Mayra works?

Always change the order of the questions from Direct to Indirect:

Direct Questions:

Information Questions

1.- Where can I see the play?

2.- When can I buy the tickets?
3.- What should I do?
4.- Where are you right now?
5.- When did they go to the office?

In information questions, the question word comes first, followed by the auxiliary verb and then
the subject.

Yes/No Questions

6.- Is the pharmacy open?

7.- Can we buy the products?
8.- Are the supermarkets working?
9.- Did it work?
10.- Does she study?

In yes/no questions, the verb Be or auxiliary verb comes first, followed by the subject.
Indirect Questions:

Information Questions

1.- Do you have any idea where I can see the play?
2.- Could you tell me when I can buy the tickets?
3.- Would you mind telling me what I should do?
4.- Could you please tell me where you are right now?
5.- Do you know when they went to the office?

Yes/ No Questions

6.- Do you have any idea if/whether the pharmacy is open?

7.- Could you tell me if/whether we can buy the products?
8.- Do you have any idea whether the supermarkets are working?
9.- Do you know whether it worked?
10.- Do you have any idea if she studies?

To formulate an Indirect Question: Add an expression (so the question sounds more polite), a
linker and switch the order of the auxiliary verb and the subject.

● Where can we buy a nice table?

● Do you have any idea where we can buy a nice table?

Expression linker subj. aux.
verb

The common expressions to form indirect questions are:

Can/Could you tell me…?

I was wondering….
Is it possible…?
Do you know…?
I’d like to know…
Is there a chance....?
Do you have any idea....?

For information questions, the linker is the question word itself.

Linker:

What - things
Where - places / locations
When - time
Why - reasons
Why should I buy this car? = direct question
Do you know why I should buy this car? = indirect question

Where could we get this? = direct question

Would you mind telling us where we could get this? = indirect question

For yes/ no questions, the linker can be two different words.

Linker:

If / whether

Could I open the window? = direct question

Do you have any idea if I could open the window? = indirect question

Was Mimi in the reception? = direct question

Do you have any idea whether Mimi was in the reception? = indirect question

In the case of: Do / Does / Did, you eliminate them and you conjugate the verb appropriately.

Where does Paul work?

Do you have any idea where Paul works?

Why did she eat the apple?

Could you tell me why she ate the apple?

Where did he go?

Do you know where he went?

Does the teacher work on the weekend?

Do you mind telling me if the teacher works on the weekend?
Page 30

1 Vocabulary:

Movie genres:

Sci-fi
Fantasy
Animation
Horror
Romantic
Action
Adventure
Musical
Biography
Comedy
Drama
Crime
Documentary
Family
History
Mystery
Thriller
War
Western

Page 31

3 Grammar:

Comparatives:

Teacher Piero is taller than Diego.

Nyurka is shorter than Vania.

Santa Cruz is bigger than Cochabamba.

PlayStation is more popular than Xbox.

Apple is more expensive than Samsung.

Ventura is better than Las Brisas.

We use comparative adjectives to compare two people, places, objects, animals or any noun.
When you mention the second noun to compare, use than:

Cats are more agile dogs. INCORRECT

Cats are more agile than dogs. CORRECT

Spelling:

one syllable: one syllable adjective + er

small - smaller
tall - taller
cool - cooler
quiet - quieter

one syllable: consonant + vowel + consonant + double the last consonant + er

big - bigger
red - redder
hot - hotter

adjectives that end in y: drop the y + ier

dirty - dirtier
happy - happier
healthy - healthier

two or more syllables: more + two syllable adjective

beautiful - more beautiful

famous - more famous
dangerous - more dangerous
popular - more popular

You can also use the word less.

beautiful - less beautiful

famous - less famous

irregular adjectives: change the way they are written

good - better
bad - worse
far - farther / further

Superlatives:

Teacher Piero is the tallest person in the class.

Fabiana is the shortest person in the class.

Russia is the biggest country in the world.

Oruro is the coldest city in Bolivia.

Beni is the hottest city in Bolivia.

Xiaomi is the cheapest cell phone brand.

PlayStation is the most popular game console.

Apple is the most expensive cell phone brand.

Ventura is the best mall in Santa Cruz.

We use superlative adjectives to compare one thing with all the others in a place or a group. A
superlative adjective expresses the extreme or highest quality of something or someone.
Whenever you use a superlative adjective, it must be preceded by the article “The”.

Cats are most agile pets. INCORRECT

Cats are the most agile pets. CORRECT

Spelling:

one syllable: the + one syllable adjective + est

small - smaller - the smallest

tall - taller - the tallest
cool - cooler - the coolest
quiet - quieter- the quietest

one syllable: the + consonant + vowel + consonant + double the last consonant + est

big - bigger + the biggest

red - redder + the reddest
hot - hotter + the hottest

adjectives that end in y: the + adjective + drop the y + iest

dirty - dirtier + the dirtiest

happy - happier + the happiest
healthy - healthier + the healthiest

two or more syllables: the most + two syllable adjective

beautiful - more beautiful + the most beautiful

famous - more famous + the most famous
dangerous - more dangerous + the most dangerous
popular - more popular + the most popular

You can also use the word the least.

beautiful - less beautiful - the least beautiful

famous - less famous - the least famous

irregular adjectives: change the way they are written

good - better - the best

bad - worse - the worst
far - farther / further - the farthest / the furthest

Comparative and Superlative Adverbs:

1 My sister runs faster than me.

2 Lucia sings more beautifully than Maria.

3 Diego and Chris play the guitar better than Daniel and Toshi.

1 My sister runs the fastest in my family.

2 Lucia sings the most beautifully in her class.

3 Diego and Chris play the guitar the best.

Comparative and superlative adverbs:

With adverbs ending in -ly, you must use more to form the comparative, and the most to form
the superlative.

Adverb Comparative Superlative

quietly more quietly most quietly

slowly more slowly most slowly

seriously more seriously most

seriously

Examples

● The teacher spoke more slowly to help us to understand.

● Could you sing more quietly please?

With short adverbs that do not end in -ly comparative and superlative forms are identical to
adjectives: add -er to form the comparative and -est to form the superlative. If the adverb ends
in e, remove it before adding the ending.

Adverb Comparative Superlative

hard harder hardest

 fast faster fastest

late later latest

Examples

● Jim works harder than his brother.

● Everyone in the race ran fast, but John ran the fastest of all.

Some adverbs have irregular comparative and superlative forms.

Adverb Comparative Superlative

badly worse worst

far farther/further farthest/furthest

little less least

well better best

Examples

● The little boy ran farther than his friends.

● You're driving worse today than yesterday!
 ● He played the best of any player.

Equality / Inequality Comparison

You can use these both with adjectives and adverbs. With these types of comparison we are
saying that two nouns are on the same level.

Comparative adjectives / adverbs with as …… as

I am as intelligent as you.
This class is as good as my previous class.

Luna swims as fast as Claudia.

Robert plays the piano as wonderfully as Fernando.

You can make them negative with not

Helen isn’t as responsible as Tom.

They aren’t as good as us at swimming.

Sarah doesn’t work as well as Sonya.

We don’t read as quickly as them.

4 Speaking:

Exercise A.- Answer all the questions.

1.- Hereditary
2.- Scream
3.- Daddy’s Home
4.- Coco
5.- Spider-man No Way Home
6.- La la land
7.- Gone Girl
8.- Shrek 2
9.- Death Proof
10.- The Witch