11/12

GENERAL
BIOLOGY 1
Quarter 1 – Module 1

THE CELL THEORY

General Biology 1 – Grade 11/12
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 1: The Cell Theory
First Edition, 2020

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 General Biology 1
Quarter 1 – Module 1:

THE CELL THEORY

Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to General Biology 1 (Grade 11/12) Alternative Delivery Mode

(ADM) Module on The Cell Theory!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher
or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12
Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints
in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this
also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking
into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

2
For the learner:

Welcome to General Biology 1, 11/12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module

on The Cell Theory!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn,
create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies
that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the
relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic
success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while
being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to This will give you an idea of the skills or

Know competencies you are expected to learn
in the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims

to check what you already know about
the lesson to take. If you get all the
answers correct (100%), you may decide
to skip this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you

link the current lesson with the previous
one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such
as a story, a song, a poem, a problem
opener, an activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion

of the lesson. This aims to help you
discover and understand new concepts
and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding
and skills of the topic. You may check
the answers to the exercises using the
Answer Key at the end of the module.

3
 What I Have This includes questions or blank
Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the
lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which

will help you transfer your new
knowledge or skill into real life situations
or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate

your level of mastery in achieving the
learning competency.

Additional In this portion, another activity will be

Activities given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned. This also
tends retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in

the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part
of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do
not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that
you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful

learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You
can do it!

4
 What I Need to Know

Hello there! Welcome to this new approach of learning where one does
not need to be physically present in school, but attend your class at the
comfort of your home. Though, it seems not comfortable after all, because you
will be on a DIY mode (do it yourself). You have no one to turn to except your
family, or call a friend to help you. However, your subject teacher is always
ready to help you explain some difficult concepts in this module through
online or video chats, phone calls or by text messaging.

In your previous science lessons in the junior high school, probably you
heard about the cell. Maybe your teacher asked you to draw a plant and
animal cells and you were asked to label them. This would be the same lesson
that we will tackle in the senior high school though, it increases in deep. You
will be meeting old and new concepts but they become complicated as lesson
progresses.

So, what do you expect to find in this module? The Cell Theory will help
you explain about what organisms are made of. You will be able to understand
life at the molecular level- the fundamental units that make up life.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. invalidate the concept of spontaneous generation;

2. explain the postulates of the cell theory; and,
3. appreciate the contributions of early biologists in the formulation of
the cell theory.

To start with, let me ask you to answer a 14-item quiz in the next pages
prior to the start of the lesson proper. Rest assured, whatever you get from
this quiz, will never be recorded. Instead, your score will become basis by your
teacher to gauge your prior understanding of this topic about the cell.

5
 What I Know
Instruction: Read each item carefully and choose from the given options the
right answer to every question. Encircle the letter of the option that
corresponds to your best answer.

1. The theory of spontaneous generation states that_____________.

A. life comes from non-living matter
B. life was created by a supreme being
C. life originates from living matter only
D. origin of species comes from reproduction by fertilization

2. Which term is referring to spontaneous generation?

A. Biogenesis
B. Abiogenesis
C. Organic evolution
D. Chemical evolution

3. Scientist who first disproved spontaneous generation by showing maggots

came from flies, not from rotting meat.
A. Redi
B. Pasteur
C. Needham
D. Spallanzani

4. What did Redi and Pasteur’s experiments have in common?

A. they both proved cells can grow from nothing
B. they both used the same materials for their experiment
C. they both proved cells can grow from other living things
D. they were using two set-ups, one was heated, the other was not

5. What was wrong with Needham’s experiment?

A. he had no control set-ups
B. he was not supposed to heat the flasks
C. flasks were not covered properly so that air was able to enter inside
D. microorganisms have contaminated the set-up, in as much as the
flask was not heated before placing the broth

6. He advanced the cell theory with his conclusion that cells could only come
from other cells.
A. Robert Hooke
B. Rudolf Virchow
C. Theodore Schwan
D. Anton van Leeuwenhoek

7. Which technology was essential for the development of the cell theory?
A. telescope
B. antiseptics
C. microwaves
D. microscopes

6
8. Which of the following cell theories can be used to explain the process of
mitosis and meiosis?
A. Cells are the basic unit of life
B. All cells arise from pre-existing cells
C. All cells have the basic chemical composition
D. Hereditary information is passed from cell to cell

9. The following are components of the cell theory, EXCEPT___________.

A. Cells must contain DNA
B. cells are the basic unit of life
C. all living things are made up of cells
D. Cells can only come from other cells

10. If you were to rank the following from the simplest to the most complex,
which would it be?
A. organ – tissue – organism – organelles – cell
B. cell – tissue – organelles – organ - organism
C. organelles – cell – tissue – organs – organism
D. organism – organs – tissue – cell – organelles

11. Who among the scientists concluded that all animals are made up of
cells?
A. Robert Hooke
B. Rudolf Virchow
C. Theodore Schwan
D. Matthias Schleiden

12. When cells are damaged, new cells are

created through cell division. Which
statement from the cell theory that can
support this fact?
A. cells have a nucleus that divides
B. cells come from pre-existing cells
C. all living things are made up of one or more cells
D. cell is the basic unit structure and function of organisms

13. What do these organisms have in

common?
A. they are all made up of cells
B. they possess the same features
C. they come from the same family
D. have the same internal and external structures

14. According to the cell theory, where did this cell come from?
A. from another cell
B. from its parent cell
C. energy from the sun
D. from the non-living environment

15. The assertion that “life only comes from life” was
stated by______.
A. Robert Hooke
B. Louis Pasteur
C. Rudolf Virchow
D. Theodor Schwan

7
 Lesson
The Cell Theory
1

What’s In
Before going through the content of this module, kindly perform
the given task below. This will help you connect your prior knowledge with
the new lesson presented in this module.

Activity # 1 – Biological Organization

Task: Arrange the following words or terms from the simplest to the most
complex and write them in the boxes provided.

8
 What’s New

Don’t you know that a newborn baby has 26 trillion cells and the
average human adult has 37.2 trillion cells?

Humans are multicellular, complex

organisms. The cells inside are specialized
and perform unique and special functions.
There are about 200 different types of cells
in the body and has different structures,
sizes, shapes and functions, and contains
different organelles. Well, it’s amazing to
know that even though how small they are
and cannot be seen by our naked eye, the
organelles inside worked in a systematic
and orderly fashion under the command of
the nucleus. Wow! You can just imagine
how well they work and communicate each
other and how intelligent are these
organelles to follow the orders of the nucleus.

Cells are constantly dying, and new ones are being made
simultaneously. On top of that, the actual number of cells will vary from
person to person, depending on their age, height, weight, health, and
environmental factors.

But where did we got this information

about cells? Who first discovered that living
organisms are composed of cells? Don’t you know
that many years ago, scientists and philosophers
have been battling about the origin of life? For
many years Greeks believed that life comes from
inanimate matter. This belief originated from
Aristotle when he observed maggots in a rotten
meat and the seemingly sudden appearance of
fish in a new pond. Many people believed this for
until such time that other scientists proved them wrong by conducting
experiments.

Well, this module will bring you the theories that scientists used to
support their claims about the origin of life and what we believe today as the
beginning of everything.

9
 What is It

In your previous science lessons, you were taught that Biology is the
study of life. But have you ever wondered where life comes from? Scientists,
philosophers, and even religion have wrestled in finding answers to this
question. For many centuries, many people believed in the theory of
spontaneous generation. This is also known as abiogenesis – the origin of
life from inanimate or lifeless matter.

Going Back in Time

The theory of spontaneous generation was
posited by Aristotle in his book, “On the Generation
of Animals” around 350 BC which believed about
the possibility of life forms being able to emerge from
non-living things. This book explained the
seemingly sudden emergence of organisms such as
rats, flies and maggots within rotting meat and
other decomposing dead matter. In his book,
Aristotle hypothesized that, non-living matter
contained a “vital heat” called pneuma – the concept
of the breadth of life and translated later as anima
which means, soul. This heat, in combination of the
four elements- earth, air, fire and water, believed to
make up life.

Disproving the Theory of Spontaneous Generation

Francesco Redi, an Italian scientist was the first to disprove the

theory of spontaneous generation by performing a simple experiment. He
placed meat in three different jars, two set-ups were covered while the other
one was left opened. A few days later, the opened jar contained maggots,
while the covered jars did not. He then concluded that, maggots had come
from fly eggs and could not spontaneously generate.

10
 John Needham, revived the theory of spontaneous generation in 1745.
He performed an experiment by boiling a broth (soup) and placed in a covered
flask. After a short while, the broth was filled with microorganisms, claiming
that these microorganisms had arisen through spontaneous generation. But
he was contested by Lazzaro Spallanzani stating that he did not heat the
broth for too long or the flask was already contaminated with microorganisms.
He should have sealed the broth in the flask and heated the flask containing
the broth just like the process of sterilization in today’s aseptic technique.

Lazzaro Spallanzani, performed a similar experiment to Needham and

found that Needham’s broths had been contaminated. If the broth was heated
after the flask was sealed, then microorganisms could have been destroyed.

Finally, in 1859, a French scientist named Louis Pasteur designed a

series of flasks with the necks bent into an S shape. The necks were fashioned
so that fresh air could reach the flasks, but were bent in such a way that any
air-borne microbes would be trapped at the bottom of the curves. No microbes
were found for many months in his experiment. But when he opened the flask
and left it, he found the broth filled with microbes. He proved that microbes
are present in the air and not spontaneously generated. Thus, he stated that;
“life only comes from life”.

The Cell Theory

The microscope we use today is far more complex than those used in
the 1600 by Anton Van Leeuwenhoek who had great skills in crafting lenses.
Despite of the limitation of his now-ancient lenses, Leeuwenhoek observed the
movements of protists and sperm cells which called, “animalcules”.

11
 In 1665, a British scientist, Robert Hooke coined the term “cell” for the
box-like structures he observed when viewing cork tissue through the lenses.
When he looked at the thin slice of cork under his microscope, he saw what
looked like a honeycomb. The cork was made up of tiny units, which he called,
cells.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek in Holland made other important discoveries

using a microscope. Leeuwenhoek made his own microscope lenses, and he
was so good at it, that his microscope was more powerful than other
microscopes of his day. In fact, Leeuwenhoek’s microscope was almost as
strong as modern light microscopes. Using his microscope, Leeuwenhoek was
the first person to observe human cells. In 1670 Anton van Leeuwenhoek
discovered bacteria and protozoa. Later advances in lenses, microscope
construction and staining techniques enabled other scientists to see the
components of the cell.

In 1838 Matthias Jakob Schleiden a botanist, concluded that all

plants are made up of cells, based on his own research and on the research
of others. The next year, Theodor Schwan, a zoologist, concluded that all
animals are also made up of cells. Thus, together, they proposed the unified
cell theory which states that: all living things are composed of one or more
cells; the cell is the basic unit of life; and, new cells arise from existing cells.

12
 In 1858, German scientist Rudolf Virchow challenge spontaneous
generation with his concept on biogenesis. He made important contributions
when he observed cells dividing and reproducing. Thus, he stated that; all
cells only arise from pre-existing cells (biogenesis).

Thus, the generally accepted portions of the cell theory were as

follows:

1. The cell is the fundamental unit of structure and function in living

things.
2. All organisms are made up of one or more cells.
3. Cells arise from other cells through cellular division.

Today, the postulates of the cell theory were added with new
postulates owing to the discovery of DNA, making the modern version of the
cell theory, as follows:

1. All living organisms are composed of cells. They maybe unicellular or

multicellular;
2. The cell is the fundamental (basic) unit of structure and function in living
things
3. Cells arise from pre-existing cells through cellular division;
4. Hereditary information (DNA) is passed on from cell to cell;
5. All cells have the same basic chemical composition; and,
6. Energy flow occurs within the cell.

13
 What’s More

Activity No. 2 – Whose Side Are You On?

Instruction: Write the names of these scientists listed below in the proper
column, according to their contributions in the development of the different
theories that explains the origin of life.

Aristotle Theodor Schwan Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Rudolf Virchow Matthias Schleiden Robert Hooke
Francesco Redi John Needham Lazzaro Spallanzani
Louis Pasteur

Spontaneous Generation The Cell Theory

14
 What I Have Learned

Briefly answer the following questions.

1. What living things are made of?
__________________________________________________________________
2. What is the cell theory all about?
________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
3. What was wrong with John Needham’s experiment?
________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
4. What was Rudolf Virchow’s basis in stating that “all cells come from pre-
existing cells”?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

5. In the light of new evidences supporting the cell theory, what can you say
of the theory of spontaneous generation?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Activity #3. Reflective Drawing

The cell theory states that, “cells arise from pre-existing cell”. Illustrate this
postulate by drawing.

15
 Assessment
Post test
Instruction: In a separate sheet, write the letter of the option that corresponds
to your best answer.

1. Which of the following term refers to life coming from other living things?
A. Biogenesis
B. Abiogenesis
C. Endosymbiosis
D. Spontaneous generation

2. The theory of spontaneous generation explains life as coming from _______.

A. non-living matter
B. pre-existing living matter
C. organic molecules during the early earth
D. supreme being who created the universe and the earth in particular

3. Which term is referring to the theory that cells comes from pre-existing
cells?
A. Biogenesis
B. Abiogenesis
C. Organic evolution
D. Chemical evolution

4. What have caused the appearance of maggots in Aristotle’s rotten meat

experiment?
A. high temperature
B. the surrounding warm air
C. from flies flying around the meat
D. from the water that has mixed with the meat

5. How did Francesco Redi disproved the theory of spontaneous generation?

A. Allowing flies to lay eggs inside jars
B. placing meat inside covered jars and heated them
C. placing meat on open jars allowing non-living matter to get inside
D. placing meat in a tightly covered jars ensuring that no flies can lay
eggs on it

6. What did Redi and Pasteur’s experiments have in common?

A. they both proved cells can grow from nothing
B. the both used the same materials for their experiment
C. they both proved cells can grow from other living things
D. they were using two set-ups, one was heated, the other was not

7. What was wrong with Needham’s experiment?

A. he had no control set-ups
B. he was not supposed to heat the flasks
C. flasks were not covered properly so that air was able to enter inside
D. microorganisms have contaminated his set-up because he did not
heat the flask before placing the broth

16
8. He advanced the cell theory with his conclusion that cells could only come
from other cells.
A. Robert Hooke
B. Rudolf Virchow
C. Theodore Schwan
D. Anton van Leeuwenhoek

9. Which technology was essential for the development of the cell theory?
A. telescope
B. antiseptics
C. microwaves
D. microscopes

10. Virchow observed cells dividing giving him basis in stating that “cells
come from pre-existing cells”. This process is known as______________.
A. mitosis
B. meiosis
C. cell division
D. All of these

11. Which one is NOT a component of the cell theory?

A. cells are the basic unit of life
B. all living things are made up of cells
C. Cells can only come from other cells
D. All cells contain the hereditary information stored in DNA

12. The assertion that “life only comes from life” was stated by______.
A. Robert Hooke
B. Louis Pasteur
C. Rudolf Virchow
D. Theodor Schwan

13. What was Rudolf Virchow’s best proof to disprove the belief that life
comes from non-living matter?
A. maggots come from flies
B. microbes are present in the air
C. when he observed cells dividing under the microscope
D. when box-like structures were seen under the microscope

14. According to the cell theory, where did this cell come from?
A. from another cell
B. from its parent cell
C. energy from the sun
D. from the non-living environment

15. Another term for spontaneous generation.

A. biogenesis
B. abiogenesis
C. organic evolution
D. chemical evolution

17
 Additional Activities

For enhanced understanding about the cell theory, you may access
the link below:

The Wacky History of Cell Theory

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4OpBylwH9DU

Answer Key

18
 References
BD Editors. Spontaneous Generation.
https://biologydictionary.net/spontaneous-generation/

Boundless General Microbiology. The Cell Theory.

https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_
Biology/Book%3A_General_Biology_(Boundless)/4%3A_Cell_Struct
ure/4.1%3A_Studying_Cells/4.1C%3A_Cell_Theory

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Spontaneous Generation.

https://www.britannica.com/science/spontaneous-generation

Thought.co. Cell Theory: A Core Principle of Biology.

https://www.thoughtco.com/cell-theory-373300

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources

(DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: [email protected] * [email protected]

19
 Name Date
Year & Section Score

General Biology 1: Module 1 – The Cell Theory

(Pretest)

Instruction: Read each item carefully and choose from the given options the
right answer to every question. Encircle the letter of the option that
corresponds to your best answer.

1. The theory of spontaneous generation states that_____________.

A. life comes from non-living matter
B. life was created by a supreme being
C. life originates from living matter only
D. origin of species comes from reproduction by fertilization

2. Which term is referring to spontaneous generation?

A. Biogenesis
B. Abiogenesis
C. Organic evolution
D. Chemical evolution

3. Scientist who first disproved spontaneous generation by showing maggots

came from flies, not from rotting meat.
A. Redi
B. Pasteur
C. Needham
D. Spallanzani

4. What did Redi and Pasteur’s experiments have in common?

A. they both proved cells can grow from nothing
B. the both used the same materials for their experiment
C. they both proved cells can grow from other living things
D. they were using two set-ups, one was heated, the other was not

5. What was wrong with Needham’s experiment?

A. he had no control set-ups
B. he was not supposed to heat the flasks
C. flasks were not covered properly so that air was able to enter inside
D. microorganisms have contaminated the set-up, in as much as the
flask was not heated before placing the broth

6. He advanced the cell theory with his conclusion that cells could only come
from other cells.
A. Robert Hooke
B. Rudolf Virchow
C. Theodore Schwan
D. Anton van Leeuwenhoek

7. Which technology was essential for the development of the cell theory?

20
 A. telescope
B. antiseptics
C. microwaves
D. microscopes

8. Which of the following cell theories can be used to explain the process of
mitosis and meiosis?
A. Cells are the basic unit of life
B. All cells arise from pre-existing cells
C. All cells have the basic chemical composition
D. Hereditary information is passed from cell to cell

9. The following are components of the cell theory, EXCEPT___________.

A. Cells must contain DNA
B. cells are the basic unit of life
C. all living things are made up of cells
D. Cells can only come from other cells

10. If you were to rank the following from the simplest to the most complex,
which would it be?
A. organ – tissue – organism – organelles – cell
B. cell – tissue – organelles – organ - organism
C. organelles – cell – tissue – organs – organism
D. organism – organs – tissue – cell – organelles

11. Who among the scientists concluded that all animals are made up of
cells?
A. Robert Hooke
B. Rudolf Virchow
C. Theodore Schwan
D. Matthias Schleiden

12. When cells are damaged, new cells are

created through cell division. Which
statement from the cell theory that can
support this fact?
A. cells have a nucleus that divides
B. cells come from pre-existing cells
C. all living things are made up of one or more cells
D. cell is the basic unit structure and function of organisms

13. What do these organisms have in

common?
A. they are all made up of cells
B. they possess the same features
C. they come from the same family
D. have the same internal and external structures

14. According to the cell theory, where did this cell come from?
A. from another cell
B. from its parent cell
C. energy from the sun
D. from the non-living environment

15. The assertion that “life only comes from life” was
stated by______.

21
 A. Robert Hooke
B. Louis Pasteur
C. Rudolf Virchow
D. Theodor Schwan

Name Date
Year & Section Score

General Biology 1: Module 1 – The Cell Theory

(Post Test)

Instruction: Read each question carefully and select from the given options
the right answer to each question. Encircle the letter of the option
that corresponds to your best answer.

1. Which of the following term refers to life coming from other living things?
A. Biogenesis
B. Abiogenesis
C. Endosymbiosis
D. Spontaneous generation

2. The theory of spontaneous generation explains life as coming from _______.

A. non-living matter
B. pre-existing living matter
C. organic molecules during the early earth
D. supreme being who created the universe and the earth in particular

3. Which term is referring to the theory that cells comes from pre-existing
cells?
A. Biogenesis
B. Abiogenesis
C. Organic evolution
D. Chemical evolution

4. What have caused the appearance of maggots in Aristotle’s rotten meat

experiment?
A. high temperature
B. the surrounding warm air
C. from flies flying around the meat
D. from the water that has mixed with the meat

5. How did Francesco Redi disproved the theory of spontaneous generation?

A. Allowing flies to lay eggs inside jars
B. placing meat inside covered jars and heated them
C. placing meat on open jars allowing non-living matter to get inside
D. placing meat in a tightly covered jars ensuring that no flies can lay
eggs on it

6. What did Redi and Pasteur’s experiments have in common?

A. they both proved cells can grow from nothing
B. the both used the same materials for their experiment
C. they both proved cells can grow from other living things
D. they were using two set-ups, one was heated, the other was not

7. What was wrong with Needham’s experiment?

A. he had no control set-ups

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 B. he was not supposed to heat the flasks
C. flasks were not covered properly so that air was able to enter inside
D. microorganisms have contaminated his set-up because he did not
heat the flask before placing the broth
8. He advanced the cell theory with his conclusion that cells could only come
from other cells.
A. Robert Hooke
B. Rudolf Virchow
C. Theodore Schwan
D. Anton van Leeuwenhoek

9. Which technology was essential for the development of the cell theory?
A. telescope
B. antiseptics
C. microwaves
D. microscopes

10. Virchow observed cells dividing giving him basis in stating that “cells
come from pre-existing cells”. This process is now known as_____________.
A. fusion
B. mitosis
C. multiplication
D. binary fission

11. Which one is NOT a component of the cell theory?

A. cells are the basic unit of life
B. all living things are made up of cells
C. Cells can only come from other cells
D. All cells contain the hereditary information stored in genes

12. The assertion that “life only comes from life” was stated by______.
A. Robert Hooke
B. Louis Pasteur
C. Rudolf Virchow
D. Theodor Schwan

13. What was Rudolf Virchow’s best proof to disprove the belief that life
comes from non-living matter?
A. maggots come from flies
B. microbes are present in the air
C. when he observed cells dividing under the microscope
D. when box-like structures were seen under the microscope

14. According to the cell theory, where did this cell come from?
A. from another cell
B. from its parent cell
C. energy from the sun
D. from the non-living environment

15. Another term for spontaneous generation.

A. biogenesis
B. abiogenesis
C. organic evolution
D. chemical evolution

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 Name Date
Year & Section Score

Activity # 1 – Biological Organization

Task: Arrange the following words or terms from the simplest to the most
complex and write them in the boxes provided.

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 Name Date
Year & Section Score

Activity No. 2 – Whose Side Are You On?

Instruction: Write the names of these scientists listed below in the proper
column. Separate them according to their beliefs on how life evolved.
Aristotle Theodor Schwan Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Rudolf Virchow Matthias Schleiden Robert Hooke
Francesco Redi John Needham Lazzaro Spallanzani
Louis Pasteur

Spontaneous Generation The Cell Theory

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 Name Date
Year & Section Score

Activity #3. Reflective Drawing

The cell theory states that, “cells arise from pre-existing cell”. Illustrate this
postulate by drawing your concept inside the box.

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources

(DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: [email protected] * [email protected]

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