Scribd
Upload
75 views

Particle Symbol Charge Relative Mass Location: The Atom

Atomic structure is composed of three main subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. The atomic number determines the element and number of protons, while the mass number is the total of protons and neutrons. Atoms can form ions by gaining or losing electrons, becoming positively or negatively charged. Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons. The average atomic mass takes into account the relative abundances of isotopes in naturally occurring elements.

Uploaded by

Angel Solivan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
75 views

Particle Symbol Charge Relative Mass Location: The Atom

Atomic structure is composed of three main subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. The atomic number determines the element and number of protons, while the mass number is the total of protons and neutrons. Atoms can form ions by gaining or losing electrons, becoming positively or negatively charged. Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons. The average atomic mass takes into account the relative abundances of isotopes in naturally occurring elements.

Uploaded by

Angel Solivan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Atomic Structure 9/12 & 13/11

The Atom
- Smallest particles of an element that ______________________________ the properties of that element
- Three main subatomic particles
- Proton
- Neutron
- Electron

Subatomic Particles

Relative
Particle Symbol Charge Location
Mass

Electron

Proton

Neutron

Distinguishing Atoms
- Atomic Number
- Number of _______________________________ in the nucleus
- Determines the ____________________________
- Since atoms are ___________________________, the atomic number also tells us the number of
_________________________________ !
- Mass Number
- Number of protons ________________________ the number of _______________________________
Mass # =
- These are the two particles that really make up the _______________________ of the atom

More on Mass
- The mass of an atom comes from particles in ___________________________________
- The electron is sooooo small, we ignore its mass

Notation
15
8 O

How to get Atomic and Mass #s


- If you are not given the atomic number, simply look at the ________________________________________.
- If you are not given the mass number
- If have protons and neutrons, ________________ them
- If don’t have protons and neutrons, take the ___________________ from the periodic table and

Oxygen -
_______________________to the nearest whole number

Practice
mass #
X

15
Atomic Mass atomic # # of # of # of
Name Symbol
number Number Protons Neutrons electrons

Sodium

Br

How many protons are there in Lithium-7? ________________

How many neutrons are there in Lithium-7? ________________

How many protons are there in Mg? ________________

How many electrons are there in Mg? ________________

20
9 F
How many neutrons are there in ? ________________

How many neutrons are there in Oxygen-18? ________________

Isotopes
- Atoms of the same element (same # of protons), but with different numbers of ___________________________.
- Have different ___________________ numbers (and masses)
- Isotopes behave the _______________________ chemically because the still have the same number of protons
and electrons

Ex. Isotopes of Neon

20 21 22
10 Ne 10 Ne 10 Ne
Protons

Electrons

Neutrons

Ions
- So far, we have focused on _________________________ atoms
- Have an _________________________ number of protons and electrons
- We know the protons are tightly held in the nucleus
- Held there by __________________________ forces
- Electrons are scattered outside the nucleus
- Less ____________________________ and able to change
- When an atom gains or loses electrons, it is called an _____________________

Gain Electrons Ex. 16


8 O 2
__________________________ charge
Called an _________________________

Lose Electrons Ex. 27


13 Al 3
___________________________ charge
Called a _________________________

Summary of Changes to Subatomic Particles


Particle Changed Result

Atomic Mass
- The actual masses of protons, neutrons and electrons are all very _________________________
- Therefore, we compare the _________________________ masses of atoms
- All relative to a ____________________________ isotope as a standard
- Scientists picked ______________________________ as the reference isotopes
- Carbon-12 has a standardized mass of 12 amu (____________________ mass units)

Average Atomic Mass – The _______________________________ average mass of the atoms in a


_______________________________ occurring sample of the element
**have to take _______________________________ and their relative _____________________________ into account

Ex.

Boron-10: 0.190 x 10 =
Boron-11: 0.810 x 11 = ___________________

Ex. What is the atomic mass of chlorine given the information below?

Isotope Abundance Mass


Boron-10 19.0% 10 amu
Boron-11 81.0% 11 amu

You might also like