LAB MANUAL

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB (5019)

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

5019-COMPUTER APPLICATION

LAB

SEMESTER - V

LAB MANUAL

Department of Civil Engineering

Ma’din Polytechnic College
Malappuram, India – 676517

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 2

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

LIST OF EXPERIMENT

NO.S NAME OF EXPERIMENT

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS IN COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB

Structural Design Package – STAAD.Pro, MS Excel

1 ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE BEAM

2 ANALYSIS OF A CANTILEVER BEAM

3 ANALYSIS OF A FRAME

4 DESIGN OF SIMPLE BEAM

5 DESIGN OF A FRAME

6 CONCRETE MIX DESIGN

Project Management Package – MS Project

1 INTRODUCTION TO MS PROJECT

2 SIMPLE CONSTRUCTION PLAN

3 ASSIGNING RESOURCES AND LINKING TASKS

4 COMPLETION TIME AND CRITICAL PATH

Estimator package - MS Excel

1 ESTIMATION AND ABSTRACT OF COST

Surveying & MS Excel, AutoCAD

1 PROFILE LEVELLING

2 CUT AND FILL VOLUMES FOR EARTHWORKS

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 3

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Exp No: 1 Date:

INTRODUCTION TO MS PROJECT

AIM

To familiarize the basic operations like task and duration in MS Project Professional 2016

SOFTWARE USED

Microsoft Project Professional 2016

THEORY

Project: Project is a temporary effort to create a unique product or a new service.

Project Manager must have complete knowledge of Product to be developed before

defining the scope (Cost, Time, Resources) of the project. A good Project Manager is
one who completes the project in time, within budget and as per customer
satisfaction.
A Project converts a vision, a dream or a need to reality.
 A job that has a beginning and an end (Time)
 A specified outcome (Scope)
 At a stated level of performance (Quality)
 At a budget (Cost)
Two basic things for completion of a project are

1. Material resources
2. Man power resources

Management: It is the technique of understanding the problems, needs and controlling

the use of resources, cost, time, scope and quality.

Project Management: It is the application of knowledge, skills, tools & techniques to

project activities in order to meet stakeholder needs & expectations from a project.

Technology deals with material resources whereas management deals with both
material resources as well as man power resources.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 4

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Project Management Software: Primavera, MS Project, etc

Why do companies use Project Management?

 To handle projects effectively in an organization.

 To define the project and agree with the customer
 To plan and assess resource needs for the project
 To estimate project cost and make proposals
 To plan & schedule activities in a project.
 To allocate the right resource at the right time.
 To assess risk and failure points and make backup plans.
 To lead a project team effectively and communicate well among team members.

Microsoft Project

Microsoft Project is a project management software program developed and sold by

Microsoft, designed to assist a project manager in developing a schedule, assigning
resources to tasks, tracking progress, managing the budget, and analyzing workloads.

USER INTERFACE OF MS PROJECT

MS Project interface consists of following tabs and ribbons

1. Quick Access Toolbar − A customizable area where you can add the frequently
used commands.
2. Ribbons interface area – where tools are placed in organised groups.
3. Commands − The specific features used to perform actions. Each tab contains
several commands. Pointing at a command, its description is available in a
toolpit.
4. View Label − This appears along the left edge of the active view. Active view
is the one you can see in the main window at a given point in time. Project
includes lots of views like Gantt Chart view, Network Diagram view, Task
Usage view, etc. The View label just tells you about the view you are using
currently. Project can display a single view or multiple views in separate panes.
5. View Shortcuts − This lets you switch between frequently used views in Project.
6. Zoom Slider − Simply zooms the active view in or out.
7. Status bar − Displays details like the scheduling mode of new tasks (manual or
automatic) and details of filter applied to the active view.
MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 5
COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

PROJECT INFORMATION

To add project start date and other information

related to it. Step 1 – Set the Start Date

Click Project tab → Properties Group → Project Information.

A dialog box appears. In the start date box, type DD/MM/YY, or click the down arrow
to display the calendar, select any date. Click OK to accept the start date.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 6

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Step 2 − Set up Calendar: 24 hours / Night Shift /

Standard

24 Hour − A calendar with no non-working time.

Night Shift − Covers 11 PM to 8 AM, night shifts covering all nights from Monday
to Friday, with one hour breaks.

Standard − Regular working hours, Monday to Friday between 8 AM to 5 PM, with

one hour breaks.

Step 3 − Adding Exceptions to Calendar

Click Project tab → Properties Group → Change Working Time.

Exceptions are used to modify a Project calendar to have a non-standard workday or a

non- working day (Holiday). It allots unique working hours for a particular resource
as well. Eg:- a holiday or office celebrations or events other than the standard office
works.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 7

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 8

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

CHANGE FILE PROPERTIES

File properties contains version, security and other file details regarding the project. To add:

1. Launch MS Project
2. Click File Tab. Under Info Tab go to Project Information. Click arrow near
Project Information to click Advanced Properties. A dialog box opens, you can
type in the changes as required. Click OK and don‟t forget to save by clicking
on Save.

SWITCH TO A DIFFERENT VIEW

A view is a working place in MS Project where you can enter, edit, display and analyse
information of the project plan.

IMPORTANT VIEWS IN MS PROJECT:

1. Gantt Chart View

It is a default view which gives information about tasks, duration of each task,
starting and finishing dates and resources allocated to that specific task.
2. Resource Sheet view
Elaborates all available recourses allocated to a project in a sheet format. It
doesn‟t tell which tasks are assigned to which resource.
3. Resource Usage view
It groups the tasks against each resource.
4. Task Usage view

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 9

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

It shows details about each task that which task is assigned to whom and
working schedule of each resource.
5. Calendar view
Tasks bars appear on the days they are scheduled to start.
6. Network Diagram view
It shows relationship among tasks and also the dependencies

PROJECT PLAN:

A project plan is a model which is constructed based on some of the following aspects
of real project.While starting a new project, Project Manager must have answers to the
following important questions in his/her mind to produce deliverable of the project:

1. What tasks must be performed?

2. What will be the order / sequence of the execution of these tasks?
3. When should each task be performed? (schedule)
4. Who will complete a specific task? (resource assignment)
5. How much will it cost? (Cost Calculation/budget)
6. What if some task will not be completed as scheduled? (Tracking & Managing tasks)
7. What is the best way to communicate the project details to those who have
interest in the project? (Views, Reports & Graphs)

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 10

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

THREE PHASES OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT

1. Project Planning : Plan is made and strategies are set, taking into
consideration the company‟s policies, procedure and rules.
2. Project Scheduling: Allocation of resources
3. Project Controlling: Reviewing the difference between the schedule and actual
performance once the project has begun.

PLAN

A plan is a detailed action-oriented, experience and knowledge-based exercise which

considers all elements of strategy, scope, cost, time, resources, quality and risk for the
project.

SCHEDULE

Scheduling is the science of using mathematical calculations and logic to generate

time effective sequence of task considering any resource and cost constraints.
Schedule is part of the Plan. It means listing of a project's milestones, tasks/activities,
and deliverables, with start and finish dates. Of course the schedule is linked with
resources, budgets and dependencies.

TASKS

 Tasks are the most basic building blocks of any project.

 Tasks represent the work to be done to accomplish the goals of the project.
 Tasks describe project work in terms of sequence, duration and resource requirement

Defining the right tasks to create the right deliverables (product) is must. Tasks listed
in a project should describe all of the work required to complete the project
successfully.

DURATION

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 11

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

A duration of the task is the estimated amount of time it will take to complete a task.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 12

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

MILESTONES

A milestone is a check point in your project that must occur but does not take any time.
Because the milestone normally does not include any work, so presented as task with
ZERO duration. They are used as major progress points to manage project success and
stakeholder expectations. They are primarily used for review, inputs and budgets.

 In a Task entry table, enter a name for milestone and in the duration field enter
„0‟ day and then press “ENTER”. It creates a milestone.

Eg:- An approval or sign‑ off before the project can

proceed Milestones will be represented as a

rhombus in Gantt chart.

SUMMARY TASK:

The highest level of a plan‟s outline structure is called the Project Summary Task,
which encompasses the entire project schedule. A bunch of related tasks rolled up
together to organize the plans to phases. There are several number of sub-tasks under
any higher level task. These higher level tasks are called Summary Task. At an even
higher level, they are called Phases.

DURATION OF SUMMARY TASK:

Summary task is not a separate task entity but a phase of the project with several sub-
tasks in it, the duration of the summary task is from the start of the first sub-task to the
finish of the last sub-task. This will be automatically calculated by MS Project.

RECURRING TASKS

A recurring task is any task that occurs at regular intervals (daily, weekly, monthly, or
yearly) during the course of a project. Examples of such tasks might be weekly visits
to a project site, daily preparation of project status reports, or monthly meetings with
members of the project team.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 13

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

TASK RELATIONSHIPS OR LINK TASKS:

When you enter tasks initially, Project schedules each task to begin on the project start
date and to run for the task duration. You may, however, want your tasks to occur in a
particular sequence.

1. Predecessor task - A task that must start or finish before another task can start
or finish is called a predecessor task.
2. Successor task - A task that cannot start or finish until another task starts or
finishes is called a successor task.

POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIPS (LINKS) AMONG DIFFERENT TASKS ARE:

 Finish-to-Start (FS) – Default, commonly used

 Start-to-Start (SS) (having same start dates)
 Finish-to-Finish (FF) (having same finish dates)
 Start-to-Finish (SF) (rarely used)

Task
Meaning Gantt Chart Example
Relationship
The finish date of the Painting is done
Finish-to-
Start(FS) predecessor task determines the after plastering is
start date of successor task. completed.
The start date of the predecessor Slab works of upper
Start-to-
Start(SS) task determines the start date of floors and plastering
successor task. in down floors can
do simultaneously.
The finish date of the Tasks that require
Finish-to-
Finish(FF) predecessor task determines the specific equipment
finish date of the successor task. must end when the
equipment rental
ends.
The start date of the predecessor In water cycle, if
Start-to-
Finish(SF) task determines the finish date of condensation starts,
successor task. evaporation ends.
ORGANIZE TASKS INTO PHASES

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 14

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

 Organize groups of closely related tasks

 Duration, start date or other calculated values of a summery task cannot be changed
o Select the names of tasks to become subtasks of a summary task
o Task  Schedule  Indent

RESULT

Familiarized the basic operations like tasks and duration in MS Project 2016.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 15

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Exp No: 2 Date:

SIMPLE CONSTRUCTION PLAN IN MS PROJECT

AIM

To do a simple construction plan and print it using Microsoft Project Professional 2016

SOFTWARE USED

Microsoft Project Professional 2016

PROCEDURE

1. Open Microsoft Project Project 2016 and save the file (can be saved in
previous formats if required) with a file name.
2. Create a New Project and Save the file using suitable name
3. Set the „Project Information‟ details.
Go to „Project‟  „Project Properties‟ ribbon  „Project information‟
● Title of the Project
● Manager of the Project
● Company Information
Set the starting and current date. Choose the type of calendar(Standard).
4. Set working and non-working time
a. The project calendar defines the general working & non-working time for tasks.
Project  Properties ribbon  Change Working Time
i. Select the base calendar (Normally standard)
ii. In the Name field on Exception tab, enter a descriptive name for
the non- working time, such as Holiday.
iii. In the Start and Finish fields, type or select the start and finish
dates for the non-working time span.
iv. Active “Work Weeks” tab and then click Details button to change the
v. default non-working days and timing. Click OK.
5. Enter the name of tasks
a. Go to the „Task Name‟ column and enter the „Task Name‟.
b. Press „Tab key‟ to change to next cell, add duration of that task.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 16

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Duration of the task can be calculated based on historical information

from previous similar projects, interviewing people who have worked
on similar tasks, expert judgment of those who have completed similar
projects
c. Press „Tab key‟, add start and finish dates.
d. Enter all „Tasks‟ with duration. MS Project automatically assigns the dates.
e. Organize Tasks into Phases.

6. To auto schedule all the cells, click on the cell near to „Indicators‟. Then go ot „Task‟
 „Tasks‟ ribbon  Select „Auto Schedule‟. Gantt chart colour becomes dark blue.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 17

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

7. Link the adjacent and non-adjacent tasks

a. For Adjacent tasks:
i. Select the adjacent tasks
ii. Tasks  Schedule  Link tasks
b. For non-adjacent Tasks:
i. Select the first which will be the predecessor (to be followed by) task.
ii. Hold the „Ctrl‟ key, select the second task, it will be the
successor (following) task.
iii. Tasks  Schedule  Link tasks
8. Check the Project Plan‟s duration and statistics. Edit duration appropriately
based on previous experiences and knowledge.
9. Display projects entire duration in „Gantt Chart view‟. Scale the Gantt chart
appropriately and print it in an A3 sheet.

RESULT

Simple construction plan is done and printed using Microsoft Project Professional 2016

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 18

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Exp No: 3 Date:

ASSIGNING RESOURCES AND LINKING TASKS

AIM

To assign man and equipment resources to a project; and to estimate the completion
time and cost of a simple construction project using Project 2016.

SOFTWARE USED

Microsoft Project Professional 2016

RESOURCES:

MS Project works with three types of resources: work, material and cost. Work
Resources are the Individual People can be identified by their Name (like Mr. Ahmad)
or designation (like Manager) and group of people resources can be defined by their
common skills like programmers. People and equipment that do the work of the
project. Optimum Resource Scheduling is the key to successful project management.

RESOURCE TYPES

1. Work resources − People and equipment to complete the tasks.

2. Cost resources − Financial cost associated with a task. Travel
expenses, food expenses, etc.
3. Material resources − Consumables used as project proceeds. For example,
paint being used while painting a wall.

Resource Example
Work resource as an identified person Aman, Vishnu, John
Work resource as a job function or group Engineer, Coordinator, Typist
Work resource as an equipment Lathe machine, Earth mover

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 19

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

ADJUST TASK LINK RELATIONSHIP

1. lick Task Tab → double-click the required task under Task Name column → Task Information dia
2. Click the box under the Type column and choose the relationship according to
your requirement.

3. Apply Lead and Lag

Lead − Lead time causes successor task to begin before its predecessor tasks ends.
Lag − Lag time causes successor task to start after its predecessor task ends.
a. By default, when we link tasks they are assigned “Finish to Start” relationship.
b. Click Task Tab → double-click the required Task under Task Name
column → Task Information dialog box opens → Predecessors Tab.

RECURRING TASK

Status meetings, status reports, inspection dates can recur with a particular frequency.

a. Gantt Chart View → Task Tab → Insert → dropdown box for Task →
Recurring Task.
b. Enter Task Name and choose Recurrence pattern.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 20

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

PROCEDURE

10. Open Microsoft Project 2010 and save the file (can be saved in previous
formats if required) with a file name.
11. Fill the project information – File  Project Information  Advanced properties
12. Go to View menu  Resource views  Resource sheet
a. In the Resource Name field, enter the resource‟s name
b. In the Type field, select the type (Work/Material/cost).
c. In the Max. Units field, type or click the maximum capacity of this
resource to accomplish any work in terms of %.
d. Enter any other useful information related to your project
e. Repeat these steps for each resources.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 21

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

13. Once the task and resource list are complete, resources need to be assigned to
tasks in order to work on them.
a. Click View Tab → Gantt Chart View → Resource Name column.
b. Click the box below the Resource Name column for the task you
need the resource to be assigned.
c. From the dropdown, choose the resource or material names.

14. After assigning resources to tasks you can view the cost, duration and work
required for the plan to complete.
a. To see the plan‟s start and finish dates, see the „Timeline‟
b. To see the plan‟s cost, Click View tab → Data group → Tables → Cost.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 22

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

15. To get the total cost of project, Format menu → Show/Hide → „Project Summary Task‟.

RESULT

Learned to add man and material resources to a

project. Total cost of the project is obtained as

Rs. 59.690/-

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 23

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Exp No: 4 Date:

COMPLETION TIME AND CRITICAL PATH

AIM

To find the critical path of a project in MS Project Professional 2016

SOFTWARE USED

MS Project Professional 2016

CRITICAL PATH

The critical path is the longest sequence of activities in a project plan which must be
completed on time for the project to complete on due date.

 An activity on the critical path cannot be started until its predecessor activity is
complete; if it is delayed for a day, the entire project will be delayed for a day unless
the activity following the delayed activity is completed a day earlier.
 If any of the activities on the critical path change, the end date of the project will be affected.
 The word “critical” does not mean that the tasks are complex or important or need
to be closely monitored, but the focus is on terms schedule that will affect the
project finish date.
 If you want to shorten the duration of a project, you should first start with
activities/tasks on the critical path.

Critical path is the longest path through a network of activities, which in-turn, determines the
shortest time possible to complete all tasks in the network (i.e. the shortest time to complete
the project).

The critical path in this example is A → B → E → F.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 24

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

There are three possible paths in the network, with one being the

longest: A → B → C → F = 1 + 2 + 1 + 1 = 5 days

A → B → D → F = 1 + 2 + 0.5 + 1 = 4.5 days

A → B → E → F = 1 + 2 + 2 + 1 = 6 days (longest path)

SLACK OR FLOAT
Slack or Float are key to understanding Critical path. There are two types of
Float –

a. Free Float − It is the amount of time a task can be delayed without delaying another task.
b. Total Float − It is the amount of time a task can be delayed without delaying the
completion of the project.

Estimated finish date and time details can be noted from the timeline.

DEFINITIONS

Early Start – The earliest time that an activity can start according to the logical constraints.

Duration – The estimated time to undertake the activity.

Early Finish – The earliest time that an activity can finish according to logical constraints.

Late Start – The latest time that an activity can start according to logical
constraints and without affecting the overall project duration.

Float – The time by which an activity may be delayed without affecting the overall
project duration.

Late Finish – The latest time that an activity can finish according to logical
constraints and without affecting the overall project duration.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 25

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

PROCEDURE
1. Open Microsoft Project 2010 and save the project file (.mpp)
2. Set the currency units and default settings
File  Options  Display  Currency
3. Fill the project information
File  Project Information  Advanced properties
1. Title
2. Manager
3. Company Name, etc
4. Set the start and finish dates
a. Set the calendar
5. Set working and non-working time
a. Specify holidays
b. Specify working hours
6. Enter tasks and sub tasks in the „Task Name‟ column with suitable indentation.
a. Auto schedule the tasks.
b. Link the adjacent tasks.
c. Add predecessor details.
i. Add lag or lead details
d. Enter duration for
each tasks.
7. Add man and material resources to resource sheet.
a. Add Resource name
b. Type
c. Standard rates
d. Over time rates
e. Fixed cost, etc
8. Display the critical path of the project
a. Format menu → Bar Styles Group → Check the Critical Tasks box ON.
9. Display and print the Gantt chart view and Network diagram for the entire
project with its resource sheet in an A3 Sheet.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 26

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

RESULT
Estimated completion time for the project is found from timeline as 2018 Mar
18. The critical path is found and is indicated in the report.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 27

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Exp No: 5 Date:

ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE BEAM USING STAAD.PRO

AIM

To familiarize the user interface and analyse a simple beam using STAAD.Pro

SOFTWARE USED

STAAD.Pro

THEORY

STAAD or (STAAD.Pro) is a STructural Analysis And Design Program developed by

Bentley Systems for the analysis and design of commercial buildings, bridges and
highway structures, industrial structures, chemical plant structures, dams, retaining
walls, turbine foundations, culverts and other embedded structures, etc. It is one of the
first software applications in the world made for the purpose of helping the structural
engineers to automate their work, to eliminate the tedious and lengthy procedures of
the manual methods.

STRUCTURE

When a body is subjected to a system of loads and deformation takes place and the
resistance is set up against the deformation, then the body is known as structure. The
structure are means of transferring forces and moments.

ANALYSIS

Calculation of the response of structures to actions. Analysis is performed to calculate

1. Stress distribution
2. Displacement
3. Critical buckling loads

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 28

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

METHODS OF ANALYSIS

1. Force method (Forces are unknown)

a. Clayperon‟s theorem of three moments
b. Matrix flexibility method
c. Consistent deformation method and Strain energy method.
2. Displacement Method (Displacements are unknowns)
a. Slope deflection method
b. Matrix stiffness method
c. Moment distribution method
d. FEM and Kani‟s method

TYPES OF STRUCTURES

1. Statically determinate - When the equations of statistics are enough to

determine all the forces acting on the structures, in the structures, then, the
structures are known as statistically determinate structures.
2. Statically indeterminate structures - When the equations of statistical
equilibrium are not sufficient to determine all forces acting on the structure
and in the structures, then the structures are known as Statistically
Indeterminate Structures. The equations of consistent deformations are added
to the equations of equilibrium inorder to analyse the Statistically
Indeterminate Structures.

STAAD Pro provides 4 different structure types

Type of
Details
Structure
Space 3D framed structure with loads applied in any plane (The most general).
Plane 2D structure framed in the X-Y plane with loads in the same plane
2D or 3D structure having no horizontal (global X or Z) movement of the
Floor
structure (FX, FZ & MY, are restrained at every joint)

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 29

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Any structure consists of truss members only, which can have only axial
member forces and no bending in the members Columns can also be modelled
Truss with the floor in a FLOOR structure as long as the structure has no horizontal
loading. If there is any horizontal load, it must be analysed as a SPACE
structure.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 30

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

GUI (GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE)INTERFACE OF STAAD.PRO

GUI Interface of STAAD.Pro

STAAD Pro METHEDOLOGY

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 31

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

WHAT ARE NODES, BEAMS, AND PLATES?

Stiffed joint with 6 reactions. It is located at each end of Beam, and each corner
of Plate. Nodes considered the essence of the Geometry of any structure in
Node STAAD.Pro. Each Node will hold the following information:
 Node Number.
 Node Coordinate in XYZ space
Any member in the structure. It can be beam, column, bracing member, or truss
member. Each Beam will hold the following information:
Beam
• Beam Number.
 The Node numbers at its ends.
a thin shell with multi-nodded shape
Starting from 3 nodes, and more. It can be anything of slab, wall, or raft
Plate foundation. Each Plate will hold the following information:
• Plate Number.
• Node Numbers at each corner of it.

PROCEDURE:

1) STARTING THE PROGRAM

1. Start STAAD.Pro by double clicking on the icon

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 32

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

2. Click New Project  Tick “ Space”  Add „File Name‟ and choose location

Change Length Units to “Meter” and Force units “Kilo Newton”  Click
„Next‟.

3. Tick “ Add Beam”  Click „Finish‟.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 33

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

2) GENERATING THE MODEL GEOMETRY

Select geometry from menu bar and click on „Nodes‟ or we can add Nodes
directly in the Grid that appears in the main window.

4. Click on to View from +Z. [Can consider it as the Front view]

5. Draw the beam length using Snap Node.

3) SPECIFY MEMBER PROPERTIES

6. From the file menu go to

Commands  Member property  Prismatic 
Rectangle YD = 0.4 m
ZD = 0.3 m
Click, Add  Close
Click, Assign to view  Assign
 Close (Click „Yes‟ when
prompted to continue.)

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 34

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

4) SPECIFY SUPPORT TYPES

7. Commands  Support specifications  Fixed 

Click Add Select support 2  Assign to view 
Assign
(Click „Yes‟ when prompted to proceed)

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 35

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

5) SPECIFY MEMBER LOADS

8. To specify member loads, go to

Commands  Loading  Primary Load Give title (and type)
 Add (In case more types of loads like u.d.l, u.v.l, etc, Add

them too.)

9. From the „Data Area‟,

Click „New‟ Load items  Member Load Concentrated force  Provide
values of P, d1 and d2 Click Add  Close.
Note: Provide Negative (-) sign for vertical
loading Similarly do same for all other
loadings.

Select the added load from the „Load and Definition‟ window in the data area.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 36

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Select the load  Assign to view  Assign

Close (Click „Yes‟ when prompted to
continue)

10. Scale the plotted beam loads as required. Goto toolbar 

Scale  Point Force (50), Dist.Force (25) 

ApplyOK This will scale the length of the loads

to eye view clarity.

11. Add Load values : Scale  Labels  Load values  Apply  OK.

The beam will display in main window. Eg:-

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 37

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

12. Add Dimensions

Click Dimension  Dimension to View  Display  Close

6) ANALYSIS

Analysis consists of three phases – Pre-Analysis, Analysis, Post Analysis

13. Start Analysing the beam

Pre-Analysis:
Commands  Pre- Analysis Print  Member Information  To View  OK.

14. Analysis:

Commands  Analysis Perform Analysis  All or No Print OK.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 38

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

15. Result Analysis:

Commands  Post Analysis  Analysis Results Yes
OK Commands  Analyze  Run Analysis

16. Results:
Mode  Post processing Result view options  Apply
 OK. Click „View Output file‟ Done.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 39

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

It displays detailed output report. Print the full analysis report.

7) STRUCTURE DIAGRAMS

17. View structure diagrams

View  Structure diagrams  Loads and Results  Apply  OK.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 40

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

18. To get the various diagrams like SFD,

BMD, etc. Result toolbar:

This may not visible like this. This is incorporated in toolbar as below.
Click on required icons to get various result diagrams.

Results  View Values  Beam results Ranges  All

Go to the next tab – Beam Results  Tick the required data 
Annotate (You need to ON SFD and BMD or it will ask to ON

automatically)

Click OK  Close.

19. Analysis part is completed.

RESULT

Analysed a simple beam and plotted various structural diagrams using STAAD.Pro

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 41

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Exp No: 6 Date:

ANALYSIS OF A CANTILEVER BEAM USING STAAD.Pro

AIM

To analyse a cantilever beam and to plot various structural diagrams using STAAD.Pro

SOFTWARE USED

STAAD.Pro

PROCEDURE

1. Start a „New Project‟ in STAAD.Pro application.

2. Generate the model geometry of the cantilever by using „Snap Nodes‟ in „Grid space‟.
3. Specify the member properties of the cantilever beam.
4. Specify the fixed support position and assign it to the member generated.
5. Specify member loads on the cantilever beam. To view dimensions and load
details, labelling is done.
6. Go to the Analysis of cantilever – Pre-Analysis, Analysis, and Post Analysis.
Finally Analyze  Run Analysis
7. Generate Results: Mode  Post processing Result view options  Apply  OK
8. Generate structural diagrams and print them.
9. Analysis is completed.

RESULT

Analysed a cantilever beam and to plotted various structural diagrams using STAAD.Pro

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 42

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Exp No: 7 Date:

ANALYSIS OF A CONTINUOUS BEAM USING STAAD.Pro

AIM

To analyse a continuous beam and to plot various structural diagrams using STAAD.Pro

SOFTWARE USED

STAAD.Pro

PROCEDURE

1. Start a „New Project‟ in STAAD.Pro application.

2. Generate the model geometry of the continuous beam using „Snap Nodes‟
in „Grid space‟.
3. Specify the member properties of the beam.
4. Specify the fixed support position and assign it to the member generated.
5. Specify member loads on the beam. To view dimensions and load details,
labelling is done.
6. Go to the Analysis of continuous beams – Pre-Analysis, Analysis, and Post
Analysis. Finally Analyze  Run Analysis is done.
7. Generate Results: Mode  Post processing Result view options  Apply  OK
8. Generate structural diagrams and print them.
9. Analysis is completed.

RESULT

Analysed a continuous beam and plotted various structural diagrams using STAAD.Pro

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 43

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Exp No: 8 Date:

ANALYSIS OF A FRAME USING STAAD.Pro

AIM

To analyse a frame and to plot various structural diagrams using STAAD.Pro

SOFTWARE USED

STAAD.Pro

PROCEDURE

1. Start a „New Project‟ in STAAD.Pro application.

2. Generate the model geometry of the frame using „Snap Nodes‟ in „Grid space‟.
3. Specify the member properties of the elements.
4. Specify the supports and assign it to the members generated.
5. Specify member loads on the beam. To view dimensions and load details,
labelling is done.
6. Go to the Analysis frame – Pre-Analysis, Analysis, and Post Analysis.
Finally Analyze  „Run Analysis‟ is done.
7. Generate Results: Mode  Post processing Result view options  Apply  OK
8. Generate structural diagrams and print them.
9. Analysis is completed.

RESULT

Analysed a frame and plotted various structural diagrams using STAAD.Pro

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 44

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Exp No: 9 Date:

ANALYSIS OF A FRAME WITH SWAY USING STAAD.Pro

AIM

To analyse a frame with sway and to plot various structural diagrams using STAAD.Pro

SOFTWARE USED

STAAD.Pro

PROCEDURE

1. Start a „New Project‟ in STAAD.Pro application.

2. Generate the model geometry of the frame with sway using „Snap Nodes‟
in „Grid space‟.
3. Specify the member properties of the elements.
4. Specify the supports and assign it to the members generated.
5. Specify member loads on the beam. To view dimensions and load details,
labelling is done.
6. Go to the Analysis frame – Pre-Analysis, Analysis, and Post Analysis.
Finally Analyze  „Run Analysis‟ is done.
7. Generate Results: Mode  Post processing Result view options  Apply  OK
8. Generate structural diagrams and print them.
9. Analysis is completed.

RESULT

Analysed a frame with sway and plotted various structural diagrams using STAAD.Pro

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 45

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Exp No: 10 Date:

DESIGN OF SIMPLE BEAM USING STAAD.PRO

AIM

To design a simple beam using STAAD.Pro

SOFTWARE USED

STAAD.Pro

PROCEDURE:

1) STARTING THE PROGRAM

20. Start STAAD.Pro by double clicking on the icon

21. Click New Project  Tick “ Space”  Add „File Name‟ and choose location 
Change Length Units to “Meter” and Force units “Kilo Newton”  Click „Next‟.
22. Tick “ Add Beam”  Click „Finish‟.

2) GENERATING THE MODEL GEOMETRY

23. Click on to View from +Z. [Can consider it as the Front view]
24. Draw the beam length using Snap Node.

3) SPECIFY MEMBER PROPERTIES

25. From the file menu go to

Commands  Member property  Prismatic 
Rectangle YD = 0.45 m
ZD = 0.23 m
Click, Add  Close
Click, Assign to view  Assign
 Close (Click „Yes‟ when
prompted to continue.)

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 46

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

4) SPECIFY SUPPORT TYPES

26. Commands  Support specifications  Fixed  Click Add

Select support 2  Assign to view 

Assign (Click „Yes‟ when prompted
to proceed)

5) SPECIFY MEMBER LOADS

27. Add self-weight and member loads.

Commands  Loading  Primary Load Give title (and type)  Add
(1) To specify self-weight:
In the „Load & Definition‟ window  Click New  Load items  Self-weight

Then Assign each loads to the member.

Select the load  Assign to view  Assign

Close (Click „Yes‟ when prompted to
continue)

28. Scale the plotted beam loads as required. Goto toolbar 

Scale  Point Force (50), Dist.Force (25) 

ApplyOK This will scale the length of the loads

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 47

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

to eye view clarity.

29. Add Load values : Scale  Labels  Load values  Apply  OK.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 48

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

30. Add Dimensions

Click Dimension  Dimension to View  Display  Close

6) ANALYSIS

Analysis consists of three phases – Pre-Analysis, Analysis, Post Analysis

Start Analysing the beam

31. Pre-Analysis:
Commands  Pre- Analysis Print  Member Information  To View  OK.

32. Analysis:
Commands  Analysis Perform Analysis
 All or No Print OK.
33. Result Analysis:
Commands  Post Analysis  Analysis Results Yes
OK Commands  Analyze  Run Analysis
34. Results:
Mode  Post processing Result view options  Apply
 OK. Click „Go to post processing mode‟ Done.

7) STRUCTURE DIAGRAMS

35. View structure diagrams

View  Structure diagrams  Loads and Results  Apply  OK.
36. To get the various diagrams like SFD, BMD, etc.

Results  View Values  Beam results Ranges  All

Go to the next tab – Beam Results  Tick the required data 
Annotate (You need to ON SFD and BMD or it will ask to ON
automatically)

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 49

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

8) DESIGN

37. Go to Commands  Design  Concrete

Design Change „Current Code‟ to „IS

456‟

38. Click on Select parameters ( )

Click on symbol „<<‟  Add necessary parameters like clear, Fc, Fymain, etc.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 50

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

39. Click on Define Parameters ( )

Add values for each parameter as below
Clear = 0.03 m
Fc = 25000 kN/m2 (If mix is M25)
Fymain = 41500 kN/m2 (If steel bar used is
Fe415) If more parameters are added, give suitable
values.
Note: Click „Add‟ after each  Close

40. Assign these parameters to the member

Select the parameter in „Concrete Design‟ window  Assign to view

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 51

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

41. Click on „Commands‟ ( )

Add the required design requirements. Here we have a beam only. So we

add two terms. (1) DESIGN BEAM and (2) TAKE OFF.

42. Again come back to „Concrete Design‟ window

Click on „DESIGN BEAM‟  Assign to view  Assign
43. Run Pre Analysis, Analysis, and Post Analysis again and the analyse the beam.
44. Analyze  „Go to post processing mode‟
45. Come back to „Modelling‟ mode  Double click the beam. It pop up a
screen showing various information about the beam.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 52

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Information includes Geometry, Property, Loading, Shear Bending, Deflection,

Concrete Design etc.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 53

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

46. Print „Input File‟

Go to File  View Input Command file
Copy and paste input details to MS Word and print.

47. Print STAAD Analysis Output

Go to File  View  STAAD Analysis Output

Copy and paste to MS Word and print required details from it.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 54

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

48. The printout of below items are taken care

(1) Loading Diagram
(2) SFD
(3) BMD
(4) Deflection Pattern
(5) Input file
(6) Concrete Take Off
(7) Concrete design

49. Design of the simple beam is completed.

RESULT

Analysis and design of a simple beam is done and the required structural
drawings were obtained using STAAD.Pro.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 55

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

DESIGN OF SIMPLE BEAM – DETAILS

LOADING DIAGRAM

SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM (SFD)

BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM (BMD)

DEFLECTION PATTERN

INPUT FILE
MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 56
COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

STAAD SPACE

START JOB

INFORMATION

ENGINEER DATE 21-

Jun-17 END JOB

INFORMATION INPUT

WIDTH 79

UNIT METER KN

JOINT

COORDINATES 1

1 5 0; 2 9 5 0;

MEMBER

INCIDENCES 1 1

2;

DEFINE MATERIAL

START ISOTROPIC

CONCRETE

2.17185e+0
MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 57
COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

07 POISSON

0.17

DENSITY

23.5616

ALPHA 1e-

005 DAMP

0.05

TYPE CONCRETE

STRENGTH FCU

27579

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 58

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

END DEFINE

MATERIAL

MEMBER

PROPERTY

1 PRIS YD 0.45 ZD

0.23 CONSTANTS

MATERIAL CONCRETE

ALL SUPPORTS

1 2 FIXED

LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE LOAD

CASE 1 SELFWEIGHT Y -1 LIST ALL

MEMBER

LOAD 1 UNI

GY -20 0 3

1 CON GY -50 6 0

PRINT MEMBER INFORMATION

ALL PRINT MEMBER

INFORMATION ALL PERFORM

ANALYSIS PRINT ALL PRINT

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 59

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

ANALYSIS RESULTS

START CONCRETE

DESIGN CODE INDIAN

CLEAR 0.03 ALL

FC 25000 ALL

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 60

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

FYMAIN 415000 ALL

DESIGN

BEAM 1

CONCRETE

TAKE

END CONCRETE DESIGN

PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT

ALL PRINT ANALYSIS

RESULTS FINISH

SUPPORT REACTIONS

DESIGN RESULTS

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 61

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

CONCRETE TAKE OFF

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 62

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

CONCRETE BEAM DESIGN DETAILS

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 63

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Exp No: 11 Date:

DESIGN OF A FRAME USING STAAD.PRO

AIM

To design a simple beam using STAAD.Pro

SOFTWARE USED

STAAD.Pro

PROCEDURE:

10. Start a „New Project‟ in STAAD.Pro application.

11. Generate the model geometry of the frame using „Snap Nodes‟ in „Grid space‟.
12. Specify the member properties of the elements.
13. Specify the supports and assign it to the members generated.
14. Specify member loads on the beam. To view dimensions and load details,
labelling is done.
15. Go to the Analysis frame – Pre-Analysis, Analysis, and Post Analysis.
Finally Analyze  „Run Analysis‟ is done.
16. Generate Results: Mode  Post processing Result view options  Apply  OK
17. Generate structural diagrams and print them. Analysis is completed.
18. Design the structure : Commands  Design  Concrete Design
19. Select Design code as IS 456, add required parameters and design.
20. Print loading diagram, SFD, BMD, deflection pattern, input file, STAAD
Output file and concrete design with reinforcement details.
21. Design is completed

RESULT

Designed a frame and plotted various structural diagrams with design

details using STAAD.Pro

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 64

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Exp No: 12 Date:

CONCRETE MIX DESIGN USING MS EXCEL

AIM

To work out concrete mix design using MS Excel

SOFTWARE USED

MS Excel

THEORY

Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet application that is used for basic data organization,
statistical analysis, graphing data as well as many other uses. For mix design calculation
works, MS Excel can do a lot.

CONCRETE MIX DESIGN

The process of selecting suitable ingredients of concrete and determining their

relative amounts with the objective of producing a concrete of the required, strength,
durability, and workability as economically as possible, is termed the concrete mix
design.

1) Start MS Excel and Set the page layout. Go to „Page Layout‟ ribbon 

Size  A4 Margins and Orientation can be changed as per need.

2) Check the data structure in IS 10262-2009 and Merge rows and columns as
required. It is done from complicated things to simpler. This is mind blowing task.

Select rows or columns Go to „Alignment‟ ribbon  Merge & Center

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 65

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

3) Center, right or left align the „Texts‟ using Alignment ribbon tools. Indentation
(increase or decrease of space between the left and right margin) can also done if

needed.

4) Change complete fonts to „Times New

Roman‟. Select All (Ctrl + A) fonts 
Times New Roman
5) To add Superscript in MS Excel
Select the letter to superscript  Right click the mouse  Format cells  Tick Superscript

6) Add formula to cells : press „=‟ sign in a cell to start a formula definition.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 66

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

7) Complete the details be referring to IS 10262:2000.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 67

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

RESULT

Concrete Mix Design is done for M40 and the mix ratio is obtained as 1:3:3.26 with
water cement ratio 0.40.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 68

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS

Pages from IS 10262:2000 required for mix design calculations.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 69

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 70

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 71

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 72

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 73

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 74

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 75

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Exp No: 13 Date:

ESTIMATION AND ABSTRACT OF COST PREPARATION

AIM

To estimate the cost of a masonry platform 6 m x 5 m from the drawing and

specifications. GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

(1) Foundation – Lime concrete

(2) Masonry – 1st class brickwork in lime mortar
(3) Flooring – 2.5 cm cement concrete over 7.5 cm lime concrete, over wall only
2.5 cm cement concrete
(4) Wall finishing – Outside walls are 12 mm cement

plastered 1:6 RATES

(1) Schedule of rates – Malappuram district

(http://keralapwd.gov.in/keralapwd/eknowledge/Upload/documents/306

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 76

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

0.pdf )

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 77

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

SOFTWARE USED

MS Excel

PROCEDURE:

1. Open MS Excel and save the file.

2. Set the page layout : A4, Portrait, margins.
3. Add a title to the work in the first row of excel using suitable merge and center.
4. Prepare the title row of the excel.
a. Type the data in title row
b. Freeze it:
Select the row to freeze  ViewWindow Freeze panes  Freeze
5. Enter the estimation data provided in respective cells.
a. Right click mouse Format cells Number

6. Using alignment tools like „merge and center‟, Left, indentation, etc, align
the data suitably so that easy understanding is obtained.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 78

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

7. Use „Insert Function‟ to add formula functions to cells and to do calculations.

8. Provide borders to the required cells so that it will be displayed as a

table while prining.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 79

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

9. Wrap the text so that the texts fit in a cell

a. Select the cell in which the text exceeds the cell width
b. Click on the „wrap text‟ icon in the Alignment ribbon

10. To print the file : Go to File  Print  Print

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 80

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 81

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

RESULT

Estimated the given masonry platform and prepared abstract of cost in MS Excel.
Grand total is obtained as Rs. 1,32,420/-.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 82

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Exp No: 14 Date:

PROFILE LEVELLING USING MS EXCEL

AIM

To plot the graph a plot using profile levelling in MS Excel

SOFTWARE USED

MS Excel

PROCEDURE

1. Set up the MS Excel worksheet –A4, portrait, etc.

2. Enter the data obtained from profile levelling in the excel sheet.

3. Use „Insert Function‟ method to workout summations using the formula

provided. Click on the cell to insert function and type as in below figure. It
will insert the function.

4. Complete the calculations by inserting required functions.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 83
COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

5. Apply checks using function.

6. Plot the profile of the plot by taking chainage (in m) along x-axis and
Reduced level (RL in m) along y-axis.
a. Select the chainage lengths  Press Ctrl key  Select the RL
reading corresponding to the chainage lengths.
b. Go to Insert  Charts  Scatter

c. Add profile title in the text box.

d. To include Axis titles (x-axis and y-axis), click on the „+‟ sign at the
right of graph plotted.

e. Change : X-Axis  Chaingae, Y-Axis  Reduced Level

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 84

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

PROFILE LEVELLING
102.500
101.820
102.000
101.500
101.000
Reduced Level (in m)

100.305
100.500
100.000
100.000 99.680 99.640
99.505
99.500
99.000
99.000
98.500
98.000 97.650
97.500
97.000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Chainage length (in m)

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 85

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

f. Add required chart elements like Data labels (To get value on each
points), Trendline (to get optimum formation level), etc.
7. The required profile is plotted.

RESULT

Plotted the graph of the plot using profile levelling in MS Excel

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 86

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

Exp No: 15 Date:

CUT AND FILL VOLUMES FOR EARTHWORK PROJECTS

AIM

To plot the profile of plot and to estimate the cut and fill volumes for the given
earthwork project using AutoCAD

Size of a grid : 5 m x 5 m

SOFTWARE USED

1. AutoCAD 2016
2. MS Excel

THEORY:

On construction projects it is often necessary to modify the existing ground levels to

create platforms to build on. Accurately calculating the volumes of soil that must be
removed (cut) or added (fill) to create the final ground levels is an essential part of the
planning process. Earthwork computations involve the calculation of volumes or
quantities, the determination of final grades, the balancing of cuts and fills, and the
planning of the most economical haul of material.

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 87

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

CROSS-SECTION METHOD

The cross section method involves plotting cross sections of the existing and proposed
levels at regular intervals across the project site. For each of the cross sections, the cut
area and the fill area is determined. The volume between each pair of sections is
estimated by multiplying the average cut or fill area of the two sections by the distance
between them. Once these volumes have been calculated for each pair of sections the
total cut and fill volumes are obtained by adding them all together.

PROCEDURE:

1. Set up AutoCAD worksheet and set units to meters.

2. Draw a rectangle with dimension 40 m x 20 m.
a. EXPLODE it
3. Complete the grid shape using offset at a specific distance of 5 m.
4. Go to 3D mode and take isometric view.
5. Assume a suitable formation level and draw the elevations of each
above/below the formation level.
6. Join the end points of these elevation lines.
7. Find area of each cross section – cut and fill areas – and note it in an excel sheet.
8. Create LAYERs of CUT, FILL. Colour them suitably.
9. Using Network tool, create the 3D profile of complete grids in the drawing.
10. Transfer the complete cut portions to CUT layer and fill portions to FILL layer.
11. Hold Shift key and rotate the 3D drawing to get an appropriate view and print it.
12. Complete the cut and fill volumes from the excel.

RESULT:

Plotted the 3D profile of given plot and estimated the cut and fill volumes for
the given earthwork project using AutoCAD

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 88

COMPUTER APPLICATION LAB Civil Engineering Department

MA’DIN POLITECHNIC COLLEGE Page 89