Name ________________ _____ Score 2nd Q

Reading 6
Module 3
adventurous General Terms and Sentences
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
When you read a paragraph, you will deal with sentences. A sentence is a group of words or phrases that forms a statement,
command, exclamation or question. In other words, phrases and words are the main part of both sentences and paragraphs.
When we discuss the terms general, we will also discuss the specific terms. They, actually, cannot be separated at all. However, in
this module, they will be presented in the different unit in order to help you to learn the paragraph better. Thus, the most activities in
module one are doing exercises related with general terms only.
Text deals with sentences and vocabulary. The sentences are arranged in such away that the text or paragraphs can be read
easily. Thus, an author/ a writer tries to make the readers be able to find the ideas discussed. The most important way is that they
use two terms in composing paragraphs, those are general and specific terms. Those terms are needed not only in choosing words
for the sentences, but also presenting the ideas in the paragraphs.
Commonly, general terms refer to a broad class, type, and grouping of words. The specific terms, then, denote a distinctive
member or element - a species, individual, component, particular for. To make it clear, compare the following pairs of words:
animal - tigers acids - sulfuric acids flower - lily cloth - pants
In those pairs, you find that the words in the left have less detail than the words in the right. Animal, for example, is more
general than tigers. Moreover, there are many other terminology that can be classified as the word `animal’.
Such as elephant, monkey, cat, etc. Acid, then, is also more general than sulfuric acid. Another example is flower. There are many
kinds of flower in the world and `lily' is one of them. Again, general words tend to have less detail or fineness, to have a
summarizing rather than particularizing quality. When we read in the form of sentences, it will be clearer to identify. Note the
following pair of sentences:
1. a. The students do the exercise.
b. The physics students do the mathematics exercise.
2. a. The child is cleaning the car.
b. Danny is washing his jeep.
3. a. The animal is greedy.
b. A dog is greedy.
You should recognize that the first sentences are more general than the second sentences. And you should be able to think
of other words that are specific in relation to each of the general words, and of other words that are even more general. Statements
are also classified as general or specific. When you read a statement "Fruit is healthful," you can know that it is a general statement
and "Orange provides vitamin C" is a specific statement.

CHALLENGE YOURSELF!
FT1 In the following group of words, find out the general word. Encircle the word.
1. triangle, oval, shape, square 15. Egg, milk, honey, healthy food
2. Soap, body lotion, personal care product, shampoo 16. Face powder, eye shadow, lipstick, perfume – cosmetics
3. Micro wave, home technology, electrical stove, refrigerator 17. Calculator, eraser, white board, paper – school supplies
4. Information media, magazine, newspaper, internet 18. Piano, guitar, drums, violin – musical instrument
5. Table, book case, furniture, cupboard, bed 19. Pincers, screw driver, hammer, drill - tools
6. Bank, school, building, office, department store 20. Fork, plate, bowl, spoon – utensils
7. Fishing, diving, hobby, singing, rock climbing 21. Boxing, basket ball, football, skate boat -sports
8. Ballad, rock, music, country, jazz 22. White wine, brandy, black Russian, beer – alcohol drinks
9. Tea, coffee, milk, juice, drink 23. Rice, corn, sago, bread - crops
10. Citrus fruit, Sunkist, lime, orange 24. Tiger, bear, snake, lion – wild animals
11. Bird, penguin, pelican, gull, roller 25. Oil, water, ink, gasoline – liquids
12. Voice, tenor, bass, alto, soprano 26. Jacket, raincoat, tent, carrier, flashlight – camping kit
13. Honda, Toyota, Mitsubishi, brand, BMW 27. Monitor, memory, disk drive, CD ROM - computer
14. Beethoven, Mozart, great musician, Sebastian Bach hardware
FT2 You will find 6 words in each number. Some of them are more specific than others. Find the general terms and underline them.
1. Pepsodent A Mild Soap Toothpaste Lifebuoy Cigarette
2. Perfume Fragrance Lily Aroma Flower Jasmine
3. Output device Hardware Keyboard Input device Printer Monitor
4. Magazine Daily Newspaper Journal Monthly Paper
5. Entertainment Music Comedy News World News Film
6. Short stories Writing Reading Composing Articles Novels
7. Thanks Giving Feast Birthday Festival Celebrations Party
Reading 6 page 2 2nd Q
8. Social Folk Song Dance Popular Music
9. Advertising Posters Pictures Pamphlet Brochure Promotion
10. Recreation Gardening Camping Volleyball Swimming Sport
FT3 Circle the letter of the more general phrase in sentence.
1. a. Being sick, the man walks slowly. b. Getting a massage from a little boy.
b. Being sick, the man wobbles. 5. a. Writing a short story.
2. a. The English teacher of SMUN 1. b. Composing a short story.
b. The teacher of SMUN 1 6. a. Sending a letter to the company.
3. a. Sitting on the chair. b. Sending an inquiry to the company.
b. Sitting on the sofa 7. a. Driving a limousine.
4. a. Getting a message from a male. b. Driving a car.
8. a. A man is cleaning his motorcycle. b. Reading books is her hobby.
b. Paul is cleaning his motorcycle. 10. a. The girl wants a toy.
9. a. Reading science books is her hobby b. The girl wants a small purple ball.
FT4 In the following pairs of sentences, which the sentence is more specific? Encircle the letter of your answer.
1. a. Joan likes reading books very much.
b. Joan likes reading true stories and books about real life very much.
2. a. The communication department students have a final test this week.
b. They have an examination this week.
3. a. Consuming drugs is very dangerous.
b. Smoking marijuana is hazardous to our health.
4. a. Exercise is good for your health.
b. Jogging is good for your health.
5. a. No one who saw her once never forgot her beauty.
b. No one who saw her once will remember her dark hair, hair, and especially her smiles.
6. a. Reading a lot helps us to have more general knowledge and to be open minded.
b. Reading a lot has some advantages.
7. a. Cooking fruit salad, she bought much fruit in the supermarket.
b. Cooking fruit salad, she bought pineapples, apples, watermelon, and grapes in Hero Supermarket.
8. a. There are many modern electrical tools of communication.
b. Television, Internet, radio, phone are tools of communication.
9. a. Studying abroad is expensive.
b. Studying in the United States needs much money not only for paying the school fee, but also for living there.
10. a. Smoking cigarettes is hazardous.
b. Smoking cigarettes promotes cough, cancer and heart attack.
FT5 Read the following texts and answer the questions.
More than 50 different kinds of kangaroos are grouped together in two kangaroo families. The large kangaroos include red
kangaroos and gray kangaroos, wallabies, pademelons, and quokka; they belong in the family Macropodidae. The other family,
Potoroidae, is made up of assorted smaller species, such as various rat-kangaroos, bettongs, and potoroos. The largest kangaroos are
the gray kangaroo and red kangaroo, which can stand up to 2m (6.5 ft) tall and weigh up to 85 kg (187 lb). The smallest are the
musky rat kangaroos, rat like animals measuring about 30 cm (12 in), not including the tail. (taken from Microsoft® Encarta®
Reference Library 2003)
1. What is / are the general word(s) used in the paragraph? Kangaroo
2. What is the general idea of the paragraph? More than 50 different kinds of kangaroos are grouped together in two kangaroo
families.
3. Where can you find the general idea? First sentence
Nicotine has various effects on the body. In small doses nicotine serves as a nerve stimulant, entering the bloodstream and
promoting the flow of adrenaline, a stimulating hormone. It speeds up the heartbeat and may cause it to become irregular. It also
raises the blood pressure and reduces the appetite, and it may cause nausea and vomiting. The known health risks associated with
cigarette smoking, such as damage to the lungs and lung cancer, are thought to be caused by other components of cigarettes such as
tars and other by products of smoking, and by the irritating effects of smoke on the lung tissue. Addiction to smoking is caused by
nicotine itself. Stopping smoking produces withdrawal symptoms within 24 to 48 hours, which commonly include irritability,
headaches, and anxiety, in addition to the strong desire to smoke. (taken from Microsoft® Encarta® Reference Library 2003)
4. What is / are the general word(s) used in the paragraph? effects
5. What is the general idea of the paragraph? Nicotine has various effects on the body.
6. Where can you find the general idea? First sentence
FT6 Write three general statements and their specific statements counterpart.
1. General: Specific:

2. General: Specific:

3. General: Specific:

THE END!